Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of transaxle pedal that has contactless pedal angular displacement transmitter that utilizes non-contact measurement rotational displacement principle design, it can enlarge through mechanical hook-up the rotational displacement of pedal angle with rotation angle range, and be converted to rotating magnetic field, varying in size according to different angles position magnetic field intensity then, by the conversion sensor of magnetic field to voltage signal, the size of this converts magnetic field of non-cpntact measurement, sensor output signal is again after electronic circuit is handled and amplified, the required signal voltage of car engine control module (being ECU or electric injection device) is satisfied in output, realizes the adjusting to the automobile distributive value.
The technical solution of the utility model is:
A kind of transaxle pedal that has contactless pedal angular displacement transmitter, comprise pedal 1, base plate 2, the lower end of pedal 1 and base plate 2 all is sleeved on the major axis 3, pedal spring 4 is sleeved on the major axis 3, two ends of pedal spring 4 offset with pedal 1 and base plate 2 respectively, it is characterized in that pivot is equipped with throttle axle 5 on the pedal 1, one end of throttle axle 5 stretches out the side of pedal 1 and links to each other with signals collecting converting means 6 on being installed in this side, pedal corner multiplying arrangement 7 is installed on the throttle axle 5, on base plate 2, is provided with associated guide piece 24.
The utility model has also been taked following technical measures:
Signals collecting converting means 6 is mainly by at the bottom of the shell 8, rotor 9, rectangle magnetic conductor 10,11 form, one end of rotor 9 links to each other with the end grafting that throttle axle 5 stretches out pedal 1, rotator seat 13 at the bottom of the other end is equipped with permanent-magnet steel 12 and is arranged in shell on 8, in rotator seat 13 outsides and permanent-magnet steel 12 relative position places rectangle magnetic conductor 10 is installed, 11, they are installed in the both sides of rotator seat 13 relatively, one end of rectangle magnetic conductor 10 is connected with plate 14, the same end of rectangle magnetic conductor 11 is connected with two blocks of plates 15, plate 14 inserts between two blocks of plates 15, sensor 16,17 are installed in rectangle magnetic conductor 10 respectively, between 11 2 ends, sensor 16,17 deliver to correspondent control circuits with the signal that records.
Sensor 16,17 can be Hall element.
Pedal corner multiplying arrangement 7 mainly is made up of left and right baffle plate 18,19, roller 20, one end of left and right baffle plate 18,19 is installed on the throttle axle 5 and with throttle axle 5 and rotates synchronously, the other end of left and right baffle plate 18,19 links to each other by rivet shaft 21, roller 20 is installed on the rivet shaft 21, on rivet shaft 21, two sides of roller 20 are set with back-moving spring 22,23, roller 20 is corresponding with the guide piece 24 on the base plate 2.
Pedal 1 is 18 ± 2 ° around the corner β of major axis 3, and correspondingly left and right baffle plate 18,19 drives the angle [alpha] that throttle axle 5 turns over
1-α
2=56 ± 2 °.
The beneficial effects of the utility model:
1, by mechanical type angular displacement multiplying arrangement, successfully the low-angle displacement with pedal is amplified to the value that satisfies the measuring accuracy requirement, solved the utilization of contactless angular displacement sensor in automobile quickens, can be electric injection device the voltage signal that meets the demands is provided.
2, the electric wearing and tearing of no potentiometric transducer existence are higher than prior art serviceable life far away.
3, simple in structure, volume is little, easy for installation.
4, can improve the sensitivity of automobile electronic fuel oil jet device, make driving more steady, have tangible oil-saving effect, and safe and reliable, the life-span is long.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.
Shown in Fig. 1~9.
A kind of transaxle pedal that has contactless pedal angular displacement transmitter, comprise pedal 1, base plate 2, the lower end of pedal 1 and base plate 2 all is sleeved on the major axis 3 (as Fig. 1, shown in 2), two ends of major axis 3 all are equipped with major axis lining 25, wherein on the end split washer 26 is installed also, pedal spring 4 is sleeved on the major axis 3, two ends of pedal spring 4 offset with pedal 1 and base plate 2 respectively, pivot is equipped with throttle axle 5 on the pedal 1, be set with sliding bearing sleeve 27 on one end of throttle axle 5, sliding bearing sleeve 27 is installed in corresponding position on the pedal 1, on this end of throttle axle 5, throttle neck bush 28 is installed also, flat shim 29 and split washer 30 (as shown in Figure 3), the other end of throttle axle 5 stretches out the side of pedal 1 and inserts by the flat plug on it in groove of an end of the rotor 9 in the signals collecting converting means 6 be installed on this side, rotator seat 13 at the bottom of the other end of rotor 9 is equipped with square permanent-magnet steel 12 and is arranged in shell on 8, in rotator seat 13 outsides and permanent-magnet steel 12 relative position places rectangle magnetic conductor 10 is installed, 11, they are installed in the both sides of rotator seat 13 relatively, one end of rectangle magnetic conductor 10 is connected with plate 14, the same end of rectangle magnetic conductor 11 is connected with two blocks of plates 15, plate 14 inserts between two blocks of plates 15, sensor 16,17 (can be Hall element) are installed in rectangle magnetic conductor 10 respectively, between 11 2 ends, sensor 16,17 respectively by corresponding circuit board 31,32 deliver to correspondent control circuits (as Fig. 7 with the signal that records, shown in 8), the top of drain pan 8 is connected with cover plate 33, at rotor 9 and cover plate 33 touching positions O RunddichtringO 34 (as shown in Figure 4) is installed also.Between the side of signals collecting converting means 6 and pedal 1, also be provided with the rubber blanket 37 that seals.The installation site planimetric map of permanent-magnet steel 12, rectangle magnetic conductor 10,11 and sensor 16,17 as shown in Figure 5.The three-dimensional decomposition texture of signals collecting converting means 6 as shown in Figure 4.
Amplification for the rotational angle of realizing throttle axle 5 is equipped with pedal corner multiplying arrangement 7, as shown in Figure 1, 2 on the throttle axle 5 of the present utility model.Pedal corner multiplying arrangement 7 is mainly by a left side, right baffle plate 18,19, roller 20 is formed, a left side, right baffle plate 18, an end of 19 is installed on the throttle axle 5 and with throttle axle 5 and rotates synchronously, in order to realize a throttle axle 5 and a left side, right baffle plate 18,19 synchronous rotation, the throttle axle 5 of present embodiment and a left side, right baffle plate 18, the 19 partial design squarely structures that link to each other, a left side, right baffle plate 18, the hole of corresponding plug-in mounting throttle axle 5 also is square (also can be the structure of other anti-sliding stop when specifically implementing) on 19, a left side, right baffle plate 18,19 the other end links to each other by rivet shaft 21, roller 20 is installed on the rivet shaft 21, on rivet shaft 21, two sides of roller 20 are set with back-moving spring 22,23, back-moving spring 22,23 are installed in corresponding sleeve pipe 35, in 36, roller 20 is corresponding with the guide piece 24 on the base plate 2.The corner of pedal 1 is after pedal corner multiplying arrangement 7 amplifies, the actual rotational angle of throttle axle 5 is seen shown in Figure 9, the hard-over of the pedal 1 of present embodiment is the β degree, amplifying the back is α 1-α 2 degree, but by Fig. 9 institute, the length of the angle after the amplification and left and right baffle plate 18,19 and the position of cushion pad, highly relevant, the angle after it amplifies can be stablized and reached (maximum can reach 56 degree) about 50 degree.Pedal 1 is 18 ± 2 ° around the corner β of major axis 3 among Fig. 9, and the angle that correspondingly right baffle plate 19 (or right baffle-plate 18) drive throttle axle 5 turns over equals α
1-α
2=50 ± 2 °, α wherein
1The angle on the right baffle-plate 18 when not moving or right baffle plate 19 and pedal 1 surface for pedal 1, α
2The angle on the right baffle-plate 18 when turning to hard-over or right baffle plate 19 and pedal 1 surface for pedal 1, α
1With α
2The value of the difference corner β that is pedal 1 after amplifying.
The contrast accompanying drawing is further described the function and the principle of work of each parts of the utility model below.
Angular displacement when to the effect that adopting Hall element non-contactly the transaxle pedal to be moved of the present utility model is converted to the voltage signal output of 0.5V~4.5V, to satisfy the required EFI control signal voltage of car engine control module (ECU).It comprises the following content:
The actuating range of transaxle pedal is about about 0 °~19 °, and in order to increase the dynamic range that is converted to rotating magnetic field, the way by machinery can expand 0 °~19 ° angular displacement to about 0 °~60 ° anglec of rotation.
The angle rotation of this amplification drives a rectangular permanent-magnet steel around its rectangular central shaft rotation by rotor 9, to produce vertical this central shaft plane with a left side, the magnetic field of right rotation.
In the rotating range on this rotating magnetic field plane, determine a centre position, parallel plane therewith two magnetic field induction iron plates (being magnetic conductor 10,11) up and down are set, this rotating magnetic field can transfer the magnetic field of vertical direction to, and this induced field will change size and positive-negative polarity along with the rotation of permanent-magnet steel.
Use Hall element that this is rotated the magnetic field intensity that changes size and Orientation with permanent-magnet steel and change voltage signal output into.If selected change of magnetic field strength scope drops on the linear work district of Hall element, then the voltage signal of being changed will be linear with the angle of rotating magnetic field.
The output signal of Hall element is through the discharge circuit amplification and consider the adjustment of putting in addition with full scale value, can produce the output voltage signal that satisfies engine control unit (ECU) EFI input request signal.
Amplifying circuit must satisfy low-power consumption, the requirement of great dynamic range and anti-power supply undesired signal.The making of circuit board also need be satisfied the requirement that is installed in the limited bulk extremely simultaneously.
Because ECU (engine control unit) requires accelerator pedal when action two independent but identical voltage signal of signal simultaneously, the utility model can realize allowing a rotating magnetic field produce the function of two vertical magnetic fields simultaneously, use two independently Hall element and signal amplification and treatment circuits, to satisfy the requirement of ECU.
Utilize the analog voltage signal of being exported, whether the switching signal that can produce-be exported by optocoupler by a comparator circuit has the generation of action to indicate accelerator pedal, and this switching signal can be used for the operating state of ECU judgement pedal.The load capacity of switching signal is the load that can load 28V voltage, can drive R=6.8K Ω and C=2 * 4.7nF, maximum load current ability 10Ma, complete alternative old-fashioned Mechanical Contact formula limit switch, the serviceable life of improving position switch greatly.
Fig. 1, the 2nd, the integral mechanical structure figure of transaxle pedal and angular displacement transmitter, Fig. 1 has expressed the installation site of pedal 1 and angular displacement transmitter, and Fig. 2 has illustrated the action situation of when pedal 1 is operated whole mechanical part.
Fig. 3 is the decomposition texture synoptic diagram of pedal 1, and the function of its each several part is:
Acting as of major axis lining, throttle neck bush separates major axis, throttle axle and aluminum soleplate, pedal, reduces the friction between axle and the pedal;
Split washer is used for fixing major axis, throttle axle, prevents that string is moving and comes off;
Pedal spring 4 is that the angle return between aluminum soleplate 2, the pedal 1 is used;
Major axis 3 is hinges that aluminum soleplate 2 and pedal 1 rotate;
Aluminum soleplate 2 is used for fixing on automobile, has the certain rigidity requirement;
Flat shim is used to separate pedal 1 and split washer, prevents friction;
Pedal 1 is that the position of stepping on is stepped on by driver foot, requires to have certain intensity;
Left and right baffle plate 18,19 is used for restricting roller 20 and rotates at assigned address;
Assembling roller 20 and spring 23,24 on the rivet shaft, roller 20 rotates on rivet shaft 21;
Roller 20 rolls on aluminum soleplate 2 and forms pedal travel;
Inner sleeve and outer tube are used to separate rivet shaft 21 and spring 23,24, prevent unnecessary friction;
Sliding bearing sleeve has prevented the friction between throttle axle 5 and the pedal 1, has improved the life-span;
Throttle axle 5 is the important pivot that connect roller 20 motions and pedal 1 motion;
Rubber blanket 37 prevents in dust, the dirt entering signal collection converting means 6.
Fig. 4 is signals collecting converting means 6 part decomposition texture synoptic diagram.The action of pedal 1 drives throttle axle 5 and rotates, and has enlarged the slewing area of angular displacement range by physical construction, to adapt to the variation of using Hall element to detect magnetic field non-contactly.The rotation of throttle axle 5 has driven the rotation of rotor 9 again.The afterbody of rotor 9 is equipped with permanent-magnet steel 12, and along with the rotation of rotor 9 and permanent-magnet steel 12, the angle of rotation will be converted to rotating magnetic field. Magnetic conductor 10,11 in the outside of permanent-magnet steel 12 will go out the vertical magnetic field relevant with the anglec of rotation along with the rotation of permanent-magnet steel 12 is sensed, and this will convert magnetic field intensity to electric signal by Hall element non-contactly with magnetic field that angle changes.Fig. 5 has illustrated the installation site planimetric map of permanent-magnet steel 12, magnetic conductor 10,11 and Hall element 16,17, from figure, can understand the situation that permanent-magnet steel 12 rotates intuitively, magnetic conductor 10,11 will be converted to magnetic field perpendicular to rotational plane to this rotary magnetic field, Hall element 16,17 will be converted to electric signal to this magnetic field intensity that induces, again by the subsequent conditioning circuit processing and amplifying.
The latter half among Fig. 6 is the graph of relation between pedal 1 rotational angle and sensor circuit signal (the being control circuit) output voltage, and the first half is the graph of relation between pedal 1 turned position and the make and break contact (being produced by the optocoupler output terminal).Can see that output voltage that pedal 1 begins to step on is about about 0.8 volt from the figure of the latter half, (rotational angle is 18 degree) output voltage was about 4.2 volts when total travel was stepped on, should be linear between rotational angle and the output voltage, error should be less than ± 2%.Can see when pedal from the figure of the first half beginning to step on and rotating 1 degree and when spending greater than 1, the output terminal impedance of optocoupler will change conducting into from open circuit that this signal will offer ECU (engine control unit) and do to judge whether accelerator pedal has action usefulness.
Fig. 7 is the block scheme of control circuit of the present utility model.Sensor 16,17 has adopted hall device, above-described induced field is converted to voltage signal by hall device, magnetic field is for elsewhere, the voltage (is 5 volts based on added operating voltage) that hall device output is 2.5 volts, the voltage that to export greater than 2.5 volts the magnetic field hall device 16,17 of positive dirction, enhancing output voltage rising along with magnetic field enters the saturation region until hall device; To export voltage less than 2.5 volts to reciprocal magnetic field hall device, along with reciprocal magnetic field increases, the output voltage of hall device drops to and enters cut-off state.The amplifying circuit that the output signal of hall device is formed via operational amplifier amplifies the back and exports ECU to by filtering circuit.Amplifying circuit can be transferred in addition and transfer full scale, and its output signal is also delivered to the level comparator circuit, and the output of comparator circuit will be controlled the conducting of optocoupler and end, and judges for ECU whether pedal moves usefulness.Processing and amplifying to electric signal makes output signal level meet the requirement of ECU to the accelerator pedal output signal level.Because ECU (engine control unit) needs input two-way analog level signal, so side circuit has two sensors and two-way voltage amplification.Concrete circuit diagram as shown in Figure 8.U1 is a four-operational amplifier among Fig. 8.U2 is a Hall element, and its output signal is delivered to discharge circuit U1B in-phase end after dividing potential drop, and U1B is the in-phase amplifier circuit, and its enlargement factor is adjusted by V R1, and (promptly adjusting full scale value) makes it to meet the requirement of Fig. 5.U1D is a follower, and its output level is through R10, VR1 to U1B end of oppisite phase, and the center tap terminal of VR2 potentiometer is transported to U1D with adjustable positive level, make U1B other put to adjust and use.The output signal of U1B exports ECU to after filtering circuit R14 and C1 filtering.The R1 role is just in case discharge circuit damages, and lower voltage signal output still can be arranged, and guarantees that ECU can continue to drive the engine tick-over.
U1C constitutes comparator circuit, and R6, R8 produce the output of fixed partial pressure value, in case pedal has action slightly, magnitude of voltage that U1B produces can drive the U1C upset, thereby drives photoelectric coupled circuit U3 action, produces switching value output signal as shown in Figure 5.
The second road amplification output circuit principle of work that ECU needs is same as described above, repeats no more.