CN2746696Y - Ceramic heater and electric heating plug using the ceramic heater - Google Patents
Ceramic heater and electric heating plug using the ceramic heater Download PDFInfo
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- CN2746696Y CN2746696Y CN 200420087164 CN200420087164U CN2746696Y CN 2746696 Y CN2746696 Y CN 2746696Y CN 200420087164 CN200420087164 CN 200420087164 CN 200420087164 U CN200420087164 U CN 200420087164U CN 2746696 Y CN2746696 Y CN 2746696Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a ceramic heater and an electric heating plug using the ceramic heater; the ceramic heater is provided with a tubular fitting connected with an electrode leadout part on the rear end side of a ceramic exothermic body which comprises an exothermic resistor arranged on the top end side and a silicon nitride ceramics which is provided with the electrode leadout part connected with the exothermic resistor. The utility model is characterized in that the tubular fitting is provided with a cone-shaped structure part and a second cylinder structure of a major diameter cylinder part in sequence, wherein, the cone-shaped structure part is continuous with the peripheral surface of a minor diameter cylinder part which is connected with the ceramic exothermic body. Through the connection of the ceramic exothermic body, the tubular fitting and an installation fitting, the ceramic exothermic body cannot crack and make eccentricity, and in the use process, the exothermic resistor of the ceramic exothermic body can not break and can be continuously used for long time. The utility model has favorable durability and can provide a ceramic electric heating plug with low cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of ceramic heater that is used in the igniting of the glow plug that promotes diesel engine starting to use, various burning machines with the heater of heater and heating machine as heater.
Background technology
Use and heat the heater of usefulness as the glow plug that is used to promote diesel engine starting, various igniting, and as can heat up rapidly at short notice, not have wave interference, reliable ignition, can long-term safety and resistance to wear and the good high reliability heater of durability of not limitting environment to use, widely used is that the heating resistor that is made of inorganic conductive material is embedded in ceramic heater in the ceramic sintered bodies.
For example, as shown in Figure 2, above-mentioned ceramic heater, generally be with by tungsten (W) and molybdenum refractory metals such as (Mo), or the heating resistor 2 that the compound of these metals constitutes is embedded in the ceramic heating element 43, will be in above-mentioned ceramic heating element 43 based on the heating resistor thickener graphic printing of above-mentioned refractory metal or their compound, carry out integral sintering then, and the ceramic heating element 43 that has carried out integral sintering is bonded on the tubular accessory 46, and carry out and to be electrically connected with electrode lead-out part one end (not shown) in being embedded in above-mentioned ceramic heating element 43, and then tubular accessory 46, accessory 58 engaged the formation negative electrode with being installed.
On the other hand, the electrode lead-out part other end (not shown), be situated between by with the rear end side 44 that is installed in ceramic heating element 43 on, the electrode that is welded on hat takes out the lead 54 on the accessory 62, be connected with terminal rod 66 and form positive electrode.
At this moment, general tolerance engine and the high-temperature combustion gas of various burning heating machines and the high melting point solder of hot environment of using, ceramic heating element 43 is welded on the tubular accessory 46, and then uses eutectic solder that this tubular accessory 46 is welded on the installation accessory 58 (with reference to patent documentation 1) in above-mentioned high-temperature combustion gas and the hot environment in order directly not to be exposed to.
Yet, above-mentioned ceramic heater 47, no matter use high melting point solder also to be to use eutectic solder, welding for ceramic heating element 43 and tubular accessory 46 and tubular accessory 46 and installation accessory 58, carry out the localized heating welding, so, by the thermal expansion difference of tubular accessory 46 and installation accessory 58 and ceramic heating element 43, to ceramic heating element 43 effect tensile stresses, so that ceramic heating element 43 can break.In addition, even big breaking do not occur when engaging on ceramic heating element 43, but in use, small break intrinsic because of inside further develops, and also can appear at the situation of heating resistor (not shown) broken string in the ceramic heating element 43.
And, in order to weld, to and install and leave space necessary, that be used to flow into scolder between the accessory 58 at ceramic heating element 43 and tubular accessory 46 and tubular accessory 46, for this reason, ceramic heating element 43 might eccentricly be installed, when on engine main frame, various burning machine and heating machine, ceramic heater being installed, the patchhole of above-mentioned engine of one-sided contact and various machines etc., it is damaged that ceramic heating element 43 is occurred.
At these problems, as shown in Figure 3, disclose the tubular accessory 86 with end difference 92 has been bonded on the ceramic heating element 83, being situated between by conductive lining 89 simultaneously is not the end difference 92 of this tubular accessory 86 to weld but pressurize to be bonded on the method that is arranged on the ladder seat of installing on the accessory 98 96, the i.e. method of so-called butt.
Patent documentation 1: special fair 1-29426 communique;
Patent documentation 2: the spy opens flat 5-18536 communique.
Yet, as shown in Figure 3, in above-mentioned patent documentation 2, Jie is connected to the end difference 92 of tubular accessory 86 to the ceramic heating element 83 that has engaged tubular accessory 86 by conductive lining 89 and installs on the ladder seat 96 of accessory 98, insert to lead to and be attached on the rear end side 84 of ceramic heating element 83 at the terminal rod 106 on the insulator 104, end face 110 at insulator 104 tightens the back edge 109 that accessory 98 is installed, not to weld but pressurization joint tubular accessory 86 and installation accessory 98, so compression aspect be when using from the opposite direction of the pressure directions of combustion side, the degree that engages the back pressurization might influence gas tightness and the intensity in the use repeatedly.
And, corresponding to multiple engine, need and the intrinsic separately accessory of accessory 98 be installed carry out design and installation at engine and to tubular accessory 86, thereby improve manufacturing cost.
The utility model content
In view of the foregoing, ceramic heater of the present utility model, by being disposed at the heating resistor 2 on the tip side 1 and having disposed on the rear end side 4 of the ceramic heating element 3 that the silicon nitride pottery of connected electrode lead-out part 5 constituted, the tubular accessory 6 that is connected with above-mentioned electrode lead-out part 5 is installed
It is characterized in that: above-mentioned tubular accessory 6, it is the secondary cylindrical structure that pyramidal structure portion 10 and large diameter cylinder portion 11 is integrally formed, wherein, above-mentioned pyramidal structure portion 10, continuous with the outer peripheral face of the small diameter cylinder portion 8 that engages with above-mentioned ceramic heating element 3, and above-mentioned ceramic heating element 3 is pressed in the above-mentioned tubular accessory 6.
In addition, it is characterized in that on the outer peripheral face of above-mentioned large diameter cylinder portion 11, having end difference 12, and be formed with swedged fitting portion 31 towards the open end.
In addition, the utility model uses above-mentioned ceramic heater and accessory is installed to constitute glow plug, it is characterized in that above-mentioned tubular accessory 6 has fitting portion 31, this fitting portion 31 is a starting point with the end difference 12 of the outer peripheral face of large diameter cylinder portion 11, towards the open end reduced outside diameter; Above-mentioned installation accessory 18 has open end face 30, from this open end face, the fitting portion 31 of above-mentioned tubular accessory 6 is pressed on the inner peripheral surface that accessory 18 is installed, and itself and above-mentioned end difference 12 and above-mentioned open end face 30 are connected, the fitting portion 31 of the tubular accessory of the above-mentioned ceramic heater of above-mentioned end difference 12 of butt and above-mentioned open end face 30, be pressed into or be screwed to the inner peripheral surface of installation accessory with open end face, and make itself and above-mentioned end difference and above-mentioned open end face butt.
According to ceramic heater of the present utility model, the rear end side of the ceramic heating element that constitutes at the silicon nitride pottery by tip side configuration heating resistor has the tubular accessory that is provided with the electrode lead-out part that connects above-mentioned heating resistor; Above-mentioned tubular accessory, be with the outer peripheral face of the small diameter cylinder portion that engages with above-mentioned ceramic heating element continuously, and have the secondary column structure of pyramidal structure portion and large diameter cylinder portion in turn, because above-mentioned ceramic heating element 3 is pressed in the above-mentioned tubular accessory 6, so can eliminate problem in the above-mentioned patent documentation 2.
And, end difference with the outer peripheral face of the large diameter cylinder portion of tubular accessory is starting point, is pressed into or is screwed to towards the swedged fitting portion in open end on the inner peripheral surface of the installation accessory with open end face, with the end difference of above-mentioned tubular accessory and the open end face butt of above-mentioned installation accessory, owing to have above structure, therefore can get rid of in the past, near ceramic heating element to the tubular accessory and accessory is installed, by the welding that localized heating such as high frequency heating coil form, can prevent the broken string with heating resistor of breaking of ceramic heating element.
In addition, tubular accessory and the junction that accessory is installed, except reduce the residual deformation (stress) that caused by localized heating when welding in the past, also can reduce the release of the residual deformation that causes because of the heat in the use, the off-centre that can also alleviate simultaneously ceramic heating element and accessory is installed can prevent the damage that the patchhole because of one-sided contact engine of ceramic heating element and various machines etc. causes.
In addition,, be pressed into chimeric or screw togather above-mentioned tubular accessory and the joint method of accessory is installed owing to used by glow plug of the present utility model, thus can engage with comparalive ease, thus can prevent that manufacturing cost from increasing.
Can be enough be pressed into chimeric or the method that screws togather, with comparalive ease, carry out and engage preceding aligned in position (centering) along fitting portion naturally, can make glow plug with high-axiality.
In addition, form fitting portion, can strengthen the magnitude of interference of fitting portion by the thermal expansion of tubular accessory in the use by outer peripheral face at the tubular accessory.
Can more easily axially control and confirm.
Can make the immobilization of tubular accessory, easily come corresponding multiple engine, glow plug comprehensive, less expensive can be provided by changing the design that accessory is installed.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the cutaway view that ceramic heater of the present utility model is applied to the major part of employed glow plug on the diesel engine, (a) and (b) are the cutaway views that are made of the installation accessory greater than tubular accessory diameter, (c), (d) be the cutaway view that is made of the installation accessory less than tubular accessory diameter.
Fig. 2 is the major part that ceramic heater in the past is applied to employed glow plug on the diesel engine, (a) is assembling back cutaway view, (b) is the cutaway view before the assembling.
Fig. 3 is the major part that ceramic heater in the past is applied to employed glow plug on the diesel engine, (a) is assembling back cutaway view, (b) is the cutaway view before the assembling.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the assay method of expression cantilever intensity, temperature-raising characteristic, hermetic seal characteristic.
Among the figure: 1-tip side, 2-heating resistor, 3-ceramic heating element, 4-rear end side, 5a-electrode lead-out part one end, the 5b-electrode lead-out part other end, 6-tubular accessory, 7-ceramic heater, 8-small diameter cylinder portion, 10-pyramidal structure portion, 11-large diameter cylinder portion, the 12-end difference, the 13-open end, 18-installs accessory, the 19-inner peripheral surface, the open end face of 20-, 21-glow plug, 22-takes out accessory, 23-conductive cushion material, 24-insulator, the 25-flange, 26-terminal rod, 27-insulating properties pad, the 28-nut, 29-rear end periphery, 30-insulator end face, the 31-fitting portion, 32-framework, 54-lead, the 89-conductive lining, inboard, 95-top, 96-ladder seat.
Embodiment
Below, be example with the glow plug, with the accompanying drawing base description embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 1 is that expression is applied to an example of employed glow plug on the diesel engine and the figure of internal structure thereof with ceramic heater 7 of the present utility model.Ceramic heater 7 is that the heating resistor 2 that will be made of inorganic conductive material is embedded in the silicon nitride based sintered material and the heater that forms ceramic heating element 3 and be made of ceramic heating element 3.
By tubular accessory 6 being welded on the above-mentioned ceramic heater 7, with be embedded in the heating resistor 2 in the ceramic heating element 3 electrode lead-out part 5a, 5b, draw as electrode terminal, wherein, above-mentioned tubular accessory 6 is by the small diameter cylinder portion 8 that is used for engaging with above-mentioned ceramic heating element 3, the secondary column structure that constitutes as the pyramidal structure portion 10 of sealing surface with continuous large diameter cylinder portion of this pyramidal structure portion and form.
According to this structure, only need inner peripheral surface 19 that accessory 22 is installed and the design of opening end face 20 are made simple change, need not change the design standard of tubular accessory 6, can improve interchangeability.
On the other hand, welding tubular accessory 6 on the rear end side 4 of ceramic heating element 3, welding electrode takes out accessory 22 simultaneously.
On the outer peripheral face of the above-mentioned large diameter cylinder portion 11 of above-mentioned tubular accessory 6, formation has end difference 12 and the fitting portion 31 of 13 tube reducings towards the open end, at this fitting portion 31 of this tubular accessory 6 and the inner peripheral surface of installation accessory 18, be pressed into and chimeric tubular accessory 6 and accessory 18 is installed, above-mentioned end difference 12 be connected to engage on the open end face 20 that accessory 18 is installed and as negative electrode; Simultaneously, Jie is by conductive cushion material such as packing ring 23, lead on insulator 24 with inserting and to have and to be inserted into electrode in the terminal rod 26 of flange 25 and to take out in the accessory 22, make its connection, with the rear end periphery 29 of the end face 30 fastening installation accessories 18 of insulator 24 and fix, same pressurization engages that electrode on the rear end side 4 that has been welded on ceramic heating element 3 takes out accessory 22 and terminal rod 26 and as positive electrode, by insulating properties pads 27 such as bakelite being fixed on the terminal rod 26 with nut 28, the negative electrode of installation accessory 18 and the positive electrode of terminal rod 26 are insulated, constitute ceramic electric heating plug 21.
Above-mentioned conductive cushion material 23, be by have for reduce contact resistance than resistance below 10-2 Ω cm, Brinell hardness is that the material of the characteristic below 100 forms, and for example, preferably uses copper product etc.
In addition, by terminal rod 26 being inserted logical insulators 24 and, can being guaranteed electrical insulating property at the rear end periphery 29 of the end face 30 fastening installation accessories 18 of insulator 24.
Insert the insulator 24 of logical above-mentioned terminal rod 26, the preferred use can tolerate rear end periphery 29 fastening and the insulator of compressive strength more than 5Mpa, for example aluminium insulator, the resin insulators etc. that accessory 18 is installed.
And, between terminal rod 26 and insulator 24, with adhesive, for example fix, can strengthen further thus that it is bonding with the anaerobic adhesive.
In addition, in ceramic heater of the present utility model, as the heating resistor 2 that constitutes by inorganic conductive material, except tungsten (W), molybdenum (Mo), rhenium refractory metals such as (Re), also can preferably use as tungsten carbide (WC), titanium nitride (TiN), molybdenum silicide (MoSi
2) and zirconium boride (ZrB
2) carbide of grade in an imperial examination 4a family, 5a family, 6a family or nitride etc.
Embodiment
Then, estimate with regard to the embodiment of the present utility model that describes in detail below.
At first, adopt known press forming method, with in alpha-silicon nitride powders, added sintering adjuvants such as rare earth metal oxide ceramic powders, be configured as plate shaped formed body, on this formed body, use the thickener of main component as tungsten carbide (WC), and form the heating resistor of U font figure with stencil printing, similarly, form electrode lead-out part up to the side of formed body.
Secondly, mounting lead pin after overlapping other formed bodies, must be the ceramic heating element of dihedral so that above-mentioned heating resistor and electrode lead-out part constitute electrical connection to the cross section thereon by hot pressing sintering method.(above not shown)
Once more, as shown in Figure 1,, make ceramic heating element 3 for the external diameter that makes above-mentioned cross section be the ceramic heating element of dihedral is that 2.9mm implements circular processing.
Then, on above-mentioned ceramic heating element 3, weld tubular accessory 6 and electrode simultaneously and take out accessory 5a, 5b, make ceramic heater 7 of the present utility model.
Under foregoing condition, be pressed into and be fitted on the resulting ceramic heater 7 accessory 18 grades are installed, make the glow plug 21 shown in Fig. 1 (a).
In addition,, use above-mentioned ceramic heating element 3, make the glow plug 61,101 as Fig. 2 (comparative example 1) and Fig. 3 (comparative example 2) shown in identical with above-mentioned glow plug 21 overall dimensions in order to compare.
As shown in Figure 4, evaluation for above-mentioned each sample, begin most the pyramidal structure portion 10 that accessory 18 and tubular accessory 6 are installed, be fixed on the framework 32, apply the load N of 127N, measure cantilever intensity and carry out the evaluation of cantilever intensity with the form close with experimental machine.
Next estimates temperature-raising characteristic, and applied voltage 11V after 3.5 seconds, estimates position T in the temperature of the top of distance ceramic heating element 3 2mm and carries out the thermometric evaluation.
Hermetic seal leak-test according to the JIS-D5103 regulation for sealing, applies 15 seconds 4MPa air pressure P in ceramic heating element 3 sides, measures gas leakage R.
In addition, be benchmark so that accessory 18 to be installed, use projecting apparatus to measure the axiality of ceramic heating element 13.
Adopt X line fluoroscopic examination, check that heating resistor 2 and ceramic heating element 3 have crack-free.
Above-mentioned result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
| Shape | The n number | Ceramic heating body diameter (mm) | Tubular accessory external diameter (mm) | Accessory external diameter (mm) is installed | Cantilever intensity | Temperature-raising characteristic (℃) | Packing leakage (cc) | Break | Axiality (mm) | Manufacturing cost | |
| Embodiment 1 | Fig. 1 (a) | 5 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 10.0 | ○ | 827 | 0.00 | ○ | 0.08 | ○ |
| | Fig. 1 (c) | 5 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 4.0 | ○ | 829 | 0.00 | ○ | 0.05 | ○ |
| Comparative example 1 | Fig. 2 (a) | 5 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 10.0 | ○ | 832 | 0.00 | ○ | 0.19 | × |
| Comparative example 2 | Fig. 3 (a) | 5 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 10.0 | ○ | 827 | 0.04 | ○ | 0.13 | △ |
Judge according to table 1, aspect cantilever intensity and temperature-raising characteristic, worry to exert an influence with product is different in the past, but no matter the external diameter of tubular accessory 6 and installation accessory 22 how, thinks that comparative example 1,2 and embodiment 1,2 are equal to because of structure.In addition, in X line fluoroscopic examination, do not find that ceramic heating element breaks yet.And the utility model product have confirmed that the off-centre (axiality) of installation accessory of ceramic heating element is also very little.And the utility model product also are extraordinary aspect gas tightness.
(utility model effect)
According to ceramic heater of the present utility model, be the rear end side of ceramic heating element tip side configuration heating resistor, that constituted by the silicon nitride pottery, have the electrode lead-out part that is connected with above-mentioned heating resistor, on above-mentioned electrode lead-out part, have the tubular accessory; Above-mentioned tubular accessory, be by the small diameter cylinder portion that is used for engaging, be used for contacting and the pyramidal structure portion that seals and the secondary column structure that constitutes with continuous large diameter cylinder portion of this pyramidal structure portion with the sealing surface of engine cylinder cover with above-mentioned ceramic heating element, so, can get rid of near the tubular accessory the ceramic heating element and accessory is installed, is carried out localized heating and the welding that forms, can prevent breaking and the broken string of heating resistor of ceramic heating element by high frequency heating coil etc.
And the open end-side outer peripheral surface of above-mentioned large diameter cylinder portion has the taper surface towards this open end tube reducing, increase on the side outer peripheral face of footpath at it, form and axial vertical end face, therefore, in the assembling that accessory is installed, when engaging, can make glow plug with high-axiality.And, even for multiple engine, also can make the immobilization of tubular accessory, can carry out correspondence easily to change the design that accessory is installed, the glow plug of comprehensive less expensive can be provided.
Claims (3)
1. ceramic heater, constitute by ceramic heating element (3) and tubular accessory (6), described ceramic heating element (3), formed by silicon nitride pottery institute with heating resistor (2) on front of being arranged at (1) and connected electrode lead-out part (5), described tubular accessory (6), the rear end side (4) that is installed in described ceramic heating element (3) upward and with described electrode lead-out part (5) is connected, and it is characterized in that:
Described tubular accessory (6), be with pyramidal structure portion (10) and the integrally formed secondary cylindrical structure of large diameter cylinder portion (11), wherein, described pyramidal structure portion (10), continuous with the outer peripheral face of the small diameter cylinder portion (8) that engages with described ceramic heating element (3).
2. ceramic heating element according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described tubular accessory (6), have fitting portion (31), and this fitting portion (31) is a starting point with the end difference (12) of the outer peripheral face of large diameter cylinder portion (11), towards the open end reduced outside diameter.
3. glow plug, constitute by ceramic heating element (3), tubular accessory (6) and installation accessory (18), described ceramic heating element (3), formed by silicon nitride pottery institute with heating resistor (2) on front of being arranged at (1) and connected electrode lead-out part (5), described tubular accessory (6), the rear end side (4) that is installed in described ceramic heating element (3) upward and with described electrode lead-out part (5) is connected; Described installation accessory (18) is that the ceramic heater that is used for being made of described ceramic heating element (3) and tubular accessory (6) is installed on the parts on the engine, it is characterized in that:
Described tubular accessory (6), be with pyramidal structure portion (10) and the integrally formed secondary cylindrical structure of large diameter cylinder portion (11), wherein, described pyramidal structure portion (10), continuous with the outer peripheral face of the small diameter cylinder portion (8) that engages with described ceramic heating element (3);
Described tubular accessory (6) has fitting portion (31), and this fitting portion (31) is a starting point with the end difference (12) of the outer peripheral face of large diameter cylinder portion (11), towards the open end reduced outside diameter; Described installation accessory (18) has open end face (30), from this open end face, the fitting portion (31) of described tubular accessory (6) is pressed into or is screwed on the inner peripheral surface that accessory (18) is installed, and itself and described end difference (12) and described open end face (30) are connected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420087164 CN2746696Y (en) | 2004-08-27 | 2004-08-27 | Ceramic heater and electric heating plug using the ceramic heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420087164 CN2746696Y (en) | 2004-08-27 | 2004-08-27 | Ceramic heater and electric heating plug using the ceramic heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2746696Y true CN2746696Y (en) | 2005-12-14 |
Family
ID=35583270
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420087164 Expired - Fee Related CN2746696Y (en) | 2004-08-27 | 2004-08-27 | Ceramic heater and electric heating plug using the ceramic heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2746696Y (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103104396A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-15 | 博格华纳贝鲁系统股份有限公司 | Glow plug and method for producing a glow pencil |
| CN102224381B (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2013-10-16 | 博格华纳贝鲁系统有限责任公司 | Glow plug and method for producing the same |
-
2004
- 2004-08-27 CN CN 200420087164 patent/CN2746696Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102224381B (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2013-10-16 | 博格华纳贝鲁系统有限责任公司 | Glow plug and method for producing the same |
| CN103104396A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-05-15 | 博格华纳贝鲁系统股份有限公司 | Glow plug and method for producing a glow pencil |
| CN103104396B (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2016-10-05 | 博格华纳贝鲁系统股份有限公司 | Glow plug and the method being used for manufacturing glow pencil |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20051214 Termination date: 20110827 |