A kind of electricity-saving appliance that is used for ac power supply system
Technical field
The utility model is a kind of, and to be used for the electricity-saving appliance of ac power supply system relevant with the AC network power transmission and distribution, particularly relevant with the equipment that improves transmission of electricity quality, electrical energy saving.
Background technology
In electric power system, electrical surge often occurs.Lightning, generator switching, main power line short-circuit all can cause surge, are called as the outside surge that produces.The surge that doubles supply power voltage often occurs, and the surge voltage that supply power voltage is 50 times also once occurred.
Surge more common, more frequent appearance causes by inductive load, for example motor, transformer, contactor coil, fluorescent lamp ballast.This surge is called as the inner surge that produces.
In the literature, a variety of again common transient surge voltage inhibitor.United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 152,743; 4,259,705; 4,584,622; 4,587,588; 4,739,436; 4,760,485; 4,777,555; 4,802,055; 4,845,580; 4,866,560; 4,870,528; 4,870,534; And proposed multiple transient voltage for 4,901, No. 183 and suppress system, inhibitor and filter, be used for network distribution system.The circuit that proposes in these patents uses components and parts such as capacitor and variable resistor, comes filtering in conjunction with the choke that is series in the power circuit.Do not have in these patents to propose or advise between power line, or use inductance between power line and the center line.These patents do not propose the device of saves energy yet.
Any needs utilize the load of magnetic field work, and for example load of motor, transformer, fluorescent lamp ballast, solenoid and so on all can cause producing phase difference between voltage and the electric current.This phase difference has reduced the efficient of load, has increased energy consumption.
Phase angle between voltage and the electric current is exactly a power-factor angle.Because the electric current of inductive circuit lags behind voltage, therefore has the power-factor angle of hysteresis.Because the electric current of capacitive circuit is ahead of voltage, therefore has leading power-factor angle.If the phase angle between voltage and the electric current is 0, this moment, power factor was 1, the utilance maximum of power-supply system.
If there is certain equipment can eliminate the transition of AC power, surge, and the energy loss of minimizing inductive and capacity load, will be highly beneficial.If this device can improve the power factor of the one or more loads in the AC power, will be more favourable.The utility model provides such equipment.
The utility model content
The utility model solution is: a kind of electricity-saving appliance that is used for ac power supply system, it is characterized in that: this electricity-saving appliance includes choke, the electric capacity of mutual series connection, this choke and electric capacity are connected in parallel on the two ends of AC power, wherein, this choke includes coil, and the lead of this coil passes coil inside and constitutes loop.
This choke includes first choke, second choke, wherein:
This first choke and a capacitors in series constitute article one branch road, and second choke and another capacitors in series constitute the second branch road;
One end of this article one branch road is connected to article one power line of AC power, and the other end is connected to the mid point of power supply;
One end of this second branch road is connected to another power line of AC power, and the other end is connected to the mid point of power supply;
The coil of first choke is wrapped on the second branch road; The coil of second choke is wrapped on article one branch road.
This choke also includes the 3rd choke and the 4th choke, wherein:
The 3rd choke and a capacitors in series constitute the 3rd branch road, and the 4th choke and a capacitors in series constitute the 4th branch road; Article three, an end of branch road is connected to article one power line of AC power, and the other end is connected to the mid point of power supply; Article four, an end of branch road is connected to the second power line of AC power, and the other end is connected to the mid point of power supply; The coil of the 3rd choke is wrapped on the 4th branch road; The coil of the 4th choke is wrapped on the 3rd branch road.
This choke also includes the 5th choke and the 6th choke, wherein:
The 5th choke and a capacitors in series constitute the 5th branch road, and the 6th choke and a capacitors in series constitute the 6th branch road; Article five, an end of branch road is connected to article one power line of AC power, and the other end is connected to the mid point of power supply; Article six, an end of branch road is connected to the 3rd power line of AC power, and the other end is connected to the mid point of power supply; The coil of the 5th choke is wrapped on the 6th branch road; The coil of the 6th choke is wrapped on the 5th branch road.
The utility model provides a kind of electricity-saving appliance that is used for AC power, has illustrated the various ways of realization of this device, comprises being used for circuit structure single-phase, three-phase power supply system.In single-phase electricity-saving appliance form, article one branch road comprises a choke with capacitors in series, and the second branch road comprises the choke of another and capacitors in series.Article one, branch road connects article one power line and the power supply mid point of AC power, and the second branch road connects the second power line and the power supply mid point of AC power.First choke comprises a coil that is wrapped on the second branch road, and same, second choke comprises a coil that is wrapped on article one branch road.The part of first and second choke is wrapped in ferromagnetic iron in the heart.The first of first choke is wrapped on unshakable in one's determination and the second branch road, and second portion only is wrapped on the second branch road.The first of second choke is wrapped on unshakable in one's determination and article one branch road, and second portion only is wrapped on article one branch road.
Electricity-saving appliance also comprises and is connected in parallel on capacitor and transient suppressor between first, second power line.Transient suppressor also can be connected in parallel between first, second power line and the mid point.In addition, transient suppressor can also be connected between mid point and the ground wire.Capacitor and transient suppressor also can be connected in parallel between first, second branch road.
In three-phase electricity-saving device form, the three phase mains that is suitable for comprises first, second, third power line and mid point.First choke and a capacitors in series constitute article one branch road, are connected in parallel between article one power line and the mid point; Second choke and a capacitors in series constitute the second branch road, are connected in parallel between second power line and the mid point.First choke comprises a coil that is wrapped on the second branch road, and second choke comprises a coil that is wrapped on article one branch road.The 3rd choke and a capacitors in series constitute the 3rd branch road, are connected in parallel between the 3rd power line and the mid point; The 4th choke and a capacitors in series constitute the 4th branch road, are connected in parallel between second power line and the mid point.The 3rd choke comprises one and is wrapped in the 4th coil on the branch road, and the 4th choke comprises one and be wrapped in the 3rd coil on the branch road.The 5th choke and a capacitors in series constitute the 5th branch road, are connected in parallel between article one power line and the mid point; The 6th choke and a capacitors in series constitute the 6th branch road, are connected in parallel between the 3rd power line and the mid point.The 5th choke comprises one and is wrapped in the 6th coil on the branch road, and the 6th choke comprises one and be wrapped in the 5th coil on the branch road.
In three-phase electricity-saving device form, be connected in parallel on first, second power line in addition, second, third power line, and an electric capacity and a transient suppressor between first, the 3rd power line.Transient suppressor can also be connected between each power line and the mid point, and each power line is between the ground wire.
The electricity-saving appliance of phase structure can also be welded in the independent AC socket.In this structure, a choke and a capacitors in series are connected in the socket.The lead that twines choke passes choke self and constitutes loop.Other structures that comprise identical choke also have introduction.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the two line phase structure electricity-saving appliances introduced in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the three-phase structure electricity-saving appliance introduced in the utility model;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of introducing in the utility model that can be installed in the phase structure electricity-saving appliance in the AC socket;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the another kind of phase structure electricity-saving appliance introduced in the utility model;
Fig. 5 be of the present utility model another be connected electricity-saving appliance structure principle chart between the AC power two-phase.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the single-phase electricity-saving appliance schematic diagrams of two lines in the utility model.For convenience of explanation, 220V power line L1, L2 represent with 12,14 respectively, and every power line and mid point constitute standard 110V power supply, and mid point is represented with 10.
Electricity-saving appliance in the utility model has transition and surge protection function, can also be energy-conservation.Various capacitors and transient suppressor have been realized transition and surge protection function.Capacitor 16 is connected between 12 and 14.Transient suppressor, for example metal oxide varistor (" MOV ") is installed in the difference in the circuit.MOV18 is installed between power line 12 and 14.MOV20 be installed in 12 and mid point between.MOV22 be installed in 14 and mid point between.MOV24 is installed between mid point and the ground.In addition, MOV56,58 is installed in respectively between power line 12,14 and the ground.
The electricity-saving appliance module can be installed on user's the power board, also can be connected in parallel near the power line of load.Usually, this electricity-saving appliance module can be used for commercial undertaking and residential block.For example, a module can be installed outside each fluorescent lamp terminal box of office building, or outside the terminal box of giving this kind equipment power supply separately, a module be installed.Element because do not need in the module to connect in the power line, so module can be directly connected on the tap on the power line, the line that do not need to cut off the electricity supply is installed.
In order to realize power saving function, a kind of inductance of uniqueness has been installed between AC power cord.This inductor comprises one or more coils, has lead to pass in the coil, has connected equipment and coil, constitutes the loop.
In single-phase electricity-saving appliance structure shown in Figure 1, article one branch road 36 comprises an inductance (choke), and this inductance is whole to be represented with 28.Inductance 28 is connected with electric capacity 38.One end of first branch road 36 is connected to power line 12, and the other end is connected to mid point 10.
Equally, second branch road 48 comprises another inductance (choke), and this inductance is whole to be represented with 30.Inductance 30 is connected with electric capacity 50.One end of second branch road 48 is connected to power line 14, and the other end is connected to mid point 10.
Choke 28 in first branch road is made of two parts coil: first 32 and second portion 34.Coil 32 is wrapped on 26 and second branch road 48 unshakable in one's determination.Second portion coil 34 is wrapped on second branch road 48, as shown in the figure.
Second choke 30 is made of two parts coil: first 44 and second portion 46.Coil 44 is wrapped on 26 and first branch road 36 unshakable in one's determination, and coil 46 is wrapped on first branch road 36, as shown in the figure.The two ends of the electric capacity 38 in first branch road are parallel with indicator light 42 and current-limiting resistance 40, can learn that by indicator light electric capacity 38 is in operate as normal or is in short-circuit condition.Equally, indicator light 54 in parallel of electric capacity 50 two ends in second branch road and current-limiting resistance 52.
The choke 28 and 30 of structure uniqueness has the effect of saving electric energy, is specially adapted to industrial inductive load.This class load comprises heavy electric machinery and fluorescent lamp.Measure and show that power saving rate can reach 10%~25%. Choke 28 and 30 has improved power factor, thereby has played the economize on electricity effect.In addition, choke makes and has improved operational efficiency by the load balance between the power line 12,14, also played the economize on electricity effect.Other elements also have certain effect to economize on electricity.
Energy-conservation reason (being partly cause at least) is to be wrapped in the choke 28 winding on second branch road 48, and choke 30 is wrapped in the winding of first branch road 36.If do not use this " winding fully " technology, energy-saving effect will reduce.Also find in addition, unshakable in one's determination 26 for energy-conservation be unnecessary.Only be the power that complete winding technology just can reduce electric energy use, demand.Experimental results show that if choke only comprises a winding, constitute the loop as long as the choke lead passes the coil of winding self, also can be energy-conservation.Choke with 6 winding coils has maximum efficient, and when being lower than 6 circles, measurement result shows that energy-saving effect descends.
The version of three-phase electricity-saving device as shown in Figure 2.Equally, electricity-saving appliance can be installed on the input power board, also can be installed near the heavy load.Three-phase power line L1, L2, L3 represent that with 72,74,76 mid point is represented with 70 respectively.Electricity-saving appliance is connected on 72,74,76. MOV element 78,80,82 is connected between every power line and the mid point, plays the transition inhibitory action.MOV element 84,92,96 plays the transition inhibitory action between three-phase power line.MOV element 88,90,100 plays the transition inhibitory action between power line and ground.Capacitor 86,94,98 is connected between the three-phase power line, plays the effect of filtering and power factor correction.
Choke 114 and 116 is connected between the power line 72,74.Choke 114 and capacitor 120 polyphones constitute 72 first branch roads 118 to mid point.Choke 116 and capacitor 124 polyphones constitute 74 second branch roads 122 to mid point.
Choke 126 and 128 is connected between the power line 74,76.Choke 128 and capacitor 136 polyphones constitute 76 the 3rd branch roads 134 to mid point.Choke 126 and capacitor 132 polyphones constitute 74 the 4th branch roads 130 to mid point.
Choke 102 and 104 is connected between the power line 72,76.Choke 102 and capacitor 108 polyphones constitute 72 the 5th branch roads 106 to mid point.Choke 104 and capacitor 112 polyphones constitute 76 the 6th branch roads 110 to mid point.
Fig. 3 is the electricity-saving appliance structure that is used for single-phase 120V AC socket.Circuit shown in Figure 3 can be installed in the socket so that be reduced at installation in the residential block.This circuit is connected between 120V AC power cord 150 and the mid point 152.In choke 160, first's winding is wrapped on unshakable in one's determination 154.Unshakable in one's determination 154 have one section air gap 156, are used for preventing unshakable in one's determination saturated.In the various structure of mentioning in the utility model, the iron core of choke all has the air gap of this purposes.In addition, as mentioned above, iron core can omit fully, because use iron core only can improve filtering characteristic.
Choke 160 also comprises second winding 164, and this winding is connected with first winding 162.Coil 162,164 terminates in line 166, and this lead passes 162 and 164 and constitutes the loop, as shown in Figure 3.Lead 166 is connected coil 162,164 with capacitor 158.Choke 160 be connected between AC power cord 150 and the mid point 152 after capacitor 158 is connected.
The transient suppressor 170 of rheostat or other types can be connected between the AC power cord, as shown in the figure.Power line 150 and mid point 152 are received in the common AC socket 172.
Fig. 4 is the version of another electricity-saving appliance.Among the figure, choke 184 comprises three windings: 186,188 and 190.First winding 186 is wrapped in outside unshakable in one's determination 185.Second winding 188 connected with first winding 186, but 188 are not wrapped on the iron core.The 3rd winding 190 connected with second winding 188, is wrapped on unshakable in one's determination 185.Lead 192 extends out from the tertiary winding 190, passes first, second, third winding and constitutes loop.Capacitor 194 is connected on the lead 192, constitutes cascaded structure with choke 184.Choke 184 be connected between AC power cord 180 and the mid point 182 after capacitor 194 is connected.Capacitor 196 and surge suppressor 198 are also and link in the AC power.In addition, between mid point and ground, be connected surge suppressor 200.AC power cord inserts by common AC socket, as shown in Figure 4.
In version shown in Figure 5, used two chokes, represent with 214 and 230.Choke 214 comprises first's winding 216 and second portion winding 218, two windings in series.Choke 214 terminates in lead 220.Lead 220 passes the winding 232,234 of choke 230.220 are connected on the capacitor 224, choke 214 be connected between AC power cord 210 and 212 after capacitor 224 is connected.Equally, the lead 236 that extends out from choke 230 is connected on the capacitor 238 after passing choke 214.Choke 230 is connected with capacitor 238 in the incoming transport power supply of back.Capacitor 240 and surge suppressor 242 are also in parallel to be inserted in the power supply.Be connected to power line 1,2 and power line 2,3 with the identical circuit of version shown in Figure 5, and after between the power line 1,3, just can change into the version of three-phase.
The various capacitors of using in the utility model, preferably AC/DC power capacitor, for example the 97F GEM series of General Corporation's production.Capacitance size is more suitable in 10~25 microfarads.Choke can use directly fixing (Snap-on) iron core, and for example the goods number of Radio Shark company production is the iron core of 273-104.Coil uses the lead coiling of satisfying the load current size requirements to form.The winding of the number of turn all has energy-conserving action arbitrarily, but common 5 or 6 circles are suitable for choke each several part coil.Increase extra such choke, for example near different industrial loads or in the residential block, can increase energy-saving effect.
Meaningfully the electricity-saving appliance in the utility model not only can suppress surge and transition, also has tangible energy-conserving action.Although the utility model is described by several different versions, within the scope of claim, also have many in variant.