CN2740206Y - Locking and escaping self-destruction safety syringe - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a locking and escaping self-destruction safety injector, belonging to the technical field of a medical injector and an injector used in a laboratory, solving and improving the defects and deficiencies of the present numerous self-destruction injectors. The utility model has the technical proposal that the inner cavity of the neck (9) of a syringe is provided with a locking shallow ring (10), and a locking head (11) is arranged on a plastic bracket (18) for a piston; after the locking head which is pushed forwards passes through the locking shallow ring, the locking head is locked and destroyed. An air leak disengaging device is arranged on the plastic bracket for a piston. When a loose core rod is reused, a plug (17) on the locking head and a socket (15) on the plastic bracket disengage from air leak and lose the function of pumping liquid. A puncture-proof shield disk (17) on a protective sleeve (3) for a needle head has the function of safety, a needle stand which is fixedly sealed in the neck (9) of the syringe has the function of safety, and in addition, an obvious telescopic inner convex on the tail of the syringe has the function of safety. The utility model which is mainly used in medical injection can prevent any cross infection caused by repeated use and share.

Description

Locking breaks away from the self-destruction type safety injector

Affiliated technical field

This utility model relates to a kind of reusable medical combined type (locking adds disengaging) self-destruction type safety injector that prevents, belongs to medical treatment and laboratory injection device technical field.

Background technology

First uses the glass syringe Englishman's Cathy Ferguson.Disposable plastic injector is external sixties in last century of a development product.Carry out the transition to the much progress that plastic injector for temporary use is this area by glass syringe.Make a narrow device of initiatively damaging on the core bar of this plastic injector, required the operator to break disconnected core bar off with the fingers and thumb after the injection, just reached disposable purpose.Yet, in use found reusable phenomenon, as long as it is the attempt person of reusing does not break disconnected core bar off with the fingers and thumb, just reusable.

Though various places administrative department of public health strictly supervises, still there is at present the syringe after the lawless person reclaims use in basic unit and outlying district, repack without sterilization and sell the phenomenon of reaping staggering profits, cause nosocomial infection; Consuming the planned immunity for children of syringes in a large number (hereinafter to be referred as " planned immunization ", be commonly called as preventive inoculation) work in, in order to seek minor benefit, exist one pair of needle set to use phenomenon in basic unit more, cause very big harm to the child, force Ministry of Public Health in planned immunization, to provide free self-destructive syringe; The shared syringe of IDU person (IDUs) causes the wide-scale distribution and the infectious hepatitis virus of various menses of the HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) (being called for short HIV) that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) to propagate in addition.More than three big phenomenons prove absolutely that there is obvious defects in present first generation plastics disposable syringe, be badly in need of carrying out the transition to the plastics self-destructive syringe of the second filial generation.

Through the domestic and international patent documentation update search of self-destruction type disposable syringe, detect relevant patent altogether more than 500.Development abroad was crossed over more than 20 years, and China is also about 15 years.Most United States Patent (USP)s that belong to are wherein at world patent (WO) that China is protected more than totally 87.Relevant Chinese utility model patent comprises external application in China, has exceeded 100.

Talk and analyze through detailed readding comprehensively, the now total following type of the design principle of self-destruction type disposable syringe background technology: 1) locking-type; 2) perforation formula; 3) blocking type; 4) disengaged; 5) syringe needle withdrawal formula; 6) injection ram dissolving deformation gas leakage formula and 7) combined type (two or more existing self-destruction principle combines).

Because most existing patented technologies, comprise the self-destructive syringe of much having manufactured experimently out sample, remain at present in design in many defectives or weak point, minority is only arranged qualified self-destruction type disposable syringe is sold on China market or is got the bid, and be foreign patent product, for example product of U.S. company BD and Britain STAR company.

These two kinds of Ministry of Public Health acceptance of the bid products exempt to use practice through child's pin over the past two years, have found the problem that exists in enlarging the process that the inoculation kind provides free and use.For example: because drawing liquid is finished back piston and can only be pushed ahead and can not retreat, in case generation bubble, get rid of " full dose " injection standard that does not reach behind the bubble in " omnidistance full dose " injection that pin exempts to require, can't before injection, dilute some lyophilized formulations and powder (for example Rimevax) in addition, and lyophilized formulations can get more and more from now on, if use the self-destructive syringe dilution, a person-portion needs two, and cost doubles.Be forced to supspend use at present.

The design of ideal qualified self-destructive syringe and manufacturing should possess following condition:

◆ relatively, structure is simple (naturally all than first generation plastic injector complexity) relatively between the self-destruction type product of the same type, otherwise competition capability is not strong.

◆ there are not difficulty or trouble in tangible processes and the assembling.

◆ self-destroying function is reliable, and percent defective is low.

◆ can not the artificial destruction self-desttruction equipment before and after the injection, and still can keep function of injection simultaneously.

◆ be fit to make the self-destructive syringe of various capacity and specification.

◆ debris reduced to minimum after injection was finished.

◆ can operate (not comprising the action of breaking disconnected Job's tears bar off with the fingers and thumb) by the program and the animal of present first generation plastic injector, but can not propose just self-destruction of any requirement (for example not increasing extra thrust or extra action) to the operator.

◆ do not send out noise: kaka sound is sent in many locking-type self-destructions designs at drawing liquid or when injecting.Can not get production firm or operator's favor like this, a little less than the competitiveness of product in market;

◆ main user (for example nurse and head nurse) is taken like a shot, and uses at the scene in the investigation, does not find to reuse and shared phenomenon again, and this is objective and the most important one.No matter how above each condition accepts as unavoidable qualified, if do not accepted by market, this patent design still need improve.

◆ should have subsequent design and patent application to solid injectable preparation diluter (claiming medicine-feeder again) auxiliary products, require production cost to be starkly lower than self-destructive syringe and do not have function of injection and condition such as easy to use.Otherwise can only rely on other people patented technology.The applicant has in time applied for " quantitatively pre-suction formula ejection preparation diluter " utility model patent (application number: 200420034769.7).

Summary of the invention

The technical problem of required solution: the defective that exists in the numerous patents in home and abroad also meets above-mentioned ideal acceptance condition as far as possible, the applicant had once applied for utility model " locking self-destruction type disposible safety syringe " patent (application number: 032340613), authorized dispatch 2004 dates JIUYUE 17, and pay the fees in full).Through going through and put question to and in trial production, still found some existing problems and weak point in many ways.This utility model patent application is primarily aimed at the above patent existing problems of the applicant and weak point solves and improves, thereby has increased innovative design.

Technical scheme: shape, position, method of attachment and the architectural feature of at first designing improved this patent syringe auxiliary component:

1) in order to prevent that needle point from stabbing wound finger occasionally, the thin-walled needle housings that has designed the anti-perverse shield dish of band is enclosed within on the taper needle stand that is carved with thin ventilation striped.

2) the band corresponding taper garden intracavity of fixedly shutting the taper needle stand insertion injection tube cervical region (abbreviation cervical region) of device is fixed, and makes debris after the injection level that minimizes.In case fixedly shut, needle stand can not be removed again, prevents to destroy locking device.

Needle stand after this improvement has solved the problem that takes place when changing the different size needle tubing.Because the external diameter specification of tapered needle seat is unified, after changing, just can insert the diameter of needle stand needle tubing passage the needle tubing of different thicknesses, reach universal standard, same pair of injection tube can be changed the needle tubing of assembling different thicknesses, obviously saved the mould manufacturing expense.Except that the following syringe of 1ml (needle tubing has only a specification, and is thin more good more), the inner and outer diameter of the above syringe cervical region of 2ml is carried out unified standard, and the needle stand of all size needle tubing all can be inserted.

3) front end (top) at injection tube forms injection tube internal diameter expansion section (with the degree of micron standard adjustment interior diameter expansion), progressive piston resistance is diminished suddenly in this district, but do not lose drip-preventing function.

4) hold locking device at the inner chamber that slightly enlarges than conventional syringe cervical region interior diameter.Locking device by: a) the acute angle formula is set below the cervical region inner chamber and locks shallow ring; And b) anchor formula elastic locking head, it is by head, spring leaf, bar portion, spacing ring and plug are formed.

The design that does not need additionally to increase a thrust during locking is to rely on: a) height of the shallow ring of locking is limited, so resistance is little; B) can regulate the thickness and the angle of spring leaf, the resistance that makes it by locking shallow when ring is very little; C) according to the unexpected drag reduction effect of injection tube front end inner chamber expansion section, same thrust when pushing away liquid, according to hydraulic press principle (being that the syringe plunger surface area is obviously long-pending greater than the greatest cross-section of elongated insertion part), just can apply tangible thrust to locking head (its diameter is slightly less than the interior diameter of the shallow ring of locking), make spring leaf easily by the shallow ring of locking.

5), change by the release unit that originally was arranged on stem and be located on the piston plastic stent in order to overcome the trouble in when assembling.Promptly on the axis of the lower head of elongated insertion part bar portion and plug are set, insert on the ventilation socket on the axis of piston plastic stent surface and fix it, insertion depth is limited by spacing ring.The elasticity of plug and socket can be regulated when mfg. moulding die, the air-tightness of plug is good and can never slippage when drawing liquid when reaching drawing liquid, and plug just breaks away from the standard of socket when firmly the pumpback core bar is with the piston that is connected locking back, forms to break away from reference leakage device.

6) because the thin projection position of cassette plastics and the securing rod plug position of conventional fixed rubber piston are arranged on the axis on piston plastic stent surface initiation problem and conflict simultaneously.So rubber piston is changed on the side that is located at the piston plastic stent, and traditional rubber piston structure is re-established as one to twice (maximum three roads) elastic tape, form elastic tape formula piston, be fixed in the ring-type half garden shape groove of plastic stent, requirement guarantees the air-tightness and the anti-leakage function of piston under the condition that does not increase resistance.

7) slightly loosening ventilation nipple is set to be connected two parts on the joint of piston plastic stent afterbody and core bar.

8) at the injection tube afterbody telescopic obvious inner process is set, its flank is fixedly shut on injection tube tube handle.Telescopic obvious inner process is the core technology of this patent, has following function: a) stop piston to be pulled out outside the injection tube, prevent that elongated insertion part is removed, destroy lock function; B) prevent that contaminated piston from pulling out the back and content pollutes external environment; C) prevent that core bar from swinging and the plastics of saving manufacturing core bar; D) according to the length of injection tube capacity regulating inner sleeve, so that limit maximum injection dosage; E) preventing that IDUs from extracting out topples over Hai Luoying behind the piston and carries out from hemodilution in injection tube; F) prevent illegal businessman utilize discarded and sterilized syringe he use.For example Guangdong found once that illegal businessman utilized injection wound packages sugarplum ball to sell to child.

9) stop is between injection tube handle and core bar handle.In order to prevent active card in transit because of the vibrations slippage changes by the sleeve snap ring on the obvious inner process, the fixture on elasticity (knob) thimble and the core bar handle is formed.Pull-up elasticity thimble is stuck in the sleeve snap ring and encircles in the universal annular holddown groove of foot during assembling.During drawing liquid, the elasticity thimble falls after rise from sleeve snap ring lateral wall in the little cross recess of core bar, and thimble just loses position-limiting action when pushing away liquid.If the syringe user is pressed operating habit elder generation propelling piston with deaeration, then the elasticity thimble plays position-limiting action, prevents inadvertent destruct.

The design of stop is many at present, destroys action but great majority need add one before injection.When being drawing liquid, the design's characteristics lose limit function automatically.

10) to read graduated difficulty and disorder when injecting in order solving, to adopt the double-rail containing mark on the injection tube surface, zero graduation alignd with the surperficial turning of coloured piston plastic stent when a track was indicated drawing liquid, extracted needed injection volume; Another track indicates that zero graduation is positioned at the injection tube top end when pushing away liquid, and behind the air in vertical row is removed injection tube, the scale between zero graduation and the piston face is a standard of judging that the extraction amount is whether qualified.If attempt is reused, just being pushed into neck finish, the elongated insertion part on the piston stops, various malpracticees (comprising penicillin anaphylaxis death) or other problems will take place in remaining part debris.

In the design of safety: comprising: a) the needle housings bottom is provided with anti-perverse shield dish; B) tapered needle seat is fixedly shut, and prevents that contaminated needle stand and harmful content from polluting external environment; C) inner sleeve of injection tube rear end (afterbody) prevents that contaminated piston and injection from polluting external environment.

In above 10 improvement, the anti-perverse shield dish of needle housings, the taper needle stand, elastic tape formula piston, the ventilation nipple, elastic top pin type stop and double-rail containing mark are the innovative design of present patent application.

This utility model is realized self-destruction by following injection process:

Before the injection, if by usual action propelling piston deaeration, stop is had an effect, and prevents inadvertent destruct.Elasticity thimble self-return is to the core bar place during drawing liquid, and the position-limiting action that do not recur when pushing away liquid carries out until the piston arrives top injection smoothly.Locked after elongated insertion part is by the shallow ring of cervical region locking, syringe is realized self-destruction.

If attempt is reused and is pulled back the core bar drawing liquid, the shaft-like plug on the elongated insertion part slippage and gas leakage from the socket of piston, the air pressure balance of inner chamber and exocoel loses the drawing liquid function.

The design of the art of this patent is fit to the manufacturing of various capacity (comprising that 1ml and 1ml are following) syringe, and does not all have manufacturing, the difficulty of the demoulding and fit on).

Beneficial effect: according to the careful thinking of above-mentioned problems and modification design repeatedly, not only solved the problem and shortage part of finding, and newly-increased unique design has been improved performance, make it more to meet many conditions of qualified self-destructive syringe, also meet novelty, the patent right condition of creativeness and practicality.

Manufacture, list marketing or bid, competitive bidding all are feasible with competitive, but dare not say that its performance has reached perfect boundary.Because as any product (for example mobile phone), all development in updating.Should perform mental preparation at any time, one finds new problem, improves design immediately and solves.

In case this patent product is identified by regular department (for example SFDA), its beneficial effect is fairly obvious, at first have the important social benefit, prevent suppuration that common medical cross infection causes or inflamed, contaminated needle set intravenous injection even can cause septicemia; Anti-going up reclaimed the probability that re-uses, and alleviates the supervision burden; Particularly importantly qualified self-destructive syringe is to cut off the spread disease strong weapon of route of transmission of menses, will produce contribution for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and hepatitis anti-.

Economic benefit is more considerable: on August in this year 5 is said that hepatitis and the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (every year) propagated by dangerous injection make 390,000 Chinese dead ahead of time in the new spy sound development research center according to the Ministry of Public Health subordinate.The annual injection of China surpasses 3,000,000,000 times, has 50% to be dangerous injection (the injection quantity that does not comprise protective inoculation and IDUs) in the therapeutic injection of wherein dangerous injection total amount 90%.Statistics shows, accounting in the inoculation of national total amount 10% has 30% to be dangerous injection (selecting from first phase in " digest lengthens one's life " on October 1st, 2004).Therefore self-destructive syringe is in great demand.Huge potential economic benefit on the outlet international market can't be estimated.

Description of drawings:

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples this utility model is further specified:

Fig. 1 is that this utility model embodiment injects forward position axis section signal full figure.

Fig. 2 is the thin portion sketch map of locking self-destruction state in injection shown in Figure 1 back along the axis section.

Fig. 3 is the schematic surface of anchor formula elastic locking head shown in Figure 1.

Fig. 4 is the double-rail containing mark on injection tube shown in Figure 1 surface.

The specific embodiment

In Fig. 1, this utility model is by needle housings (3), needle tubing (2), taper needle stand (5), injection tube cervical region (9), the acute angle formula locks shallow ring (10), elongated insertion part, elastic tape formula piston (16), piston plastic stent (18), ventilation socket (15), ventilation nipple (19), telescopic obvious inner process (23), elasticity thimble (28), injection tube (21) and core bar (push-pull bar) (20) are formed.

Establish the anti-needle point (1) of stab-resistant shield disc (7) at the needle housings root and puncture finger, needle housings is enclosed within on the taper needle stand.Needle tubing inserts in the needle tubing passage (6) of taper needle stand during fabrication, locates to fix at fixing point (4).The taper needle stand is located to shut at needle stand fixed cover (8) after inserting the injection tube cervical region, prevents to take off.Elongated insertion part is by head (11), and spring leaf (14) and plug (17) constitute, and plug inserts in the ventilation socket of piston plastic stent, and when pumpback core bar and piston were exerted oneself in the locking back, plug broke away from socket, forms to break away from reference leakage device.The air pressure balance of injection tube inner chamber (13) and exocoel (22) loses the drawing liquid function and self-destruction at this moment.

During assembling, earlier the piston plastic stent is inserted in the injection tube, two flanks (24) of telescopic obvious inner process are shut on injection tube handle (25), prevent to take off.Then core bar is inserted by sleeve-port and screw connection in the injection tube and at ventilation nipple place.

Before core bar insertion injection tube and ventilation nipple do not screw as yet, elasticity (top, garden) thimble pull-up is stuck in the outer annular holddown groove (26) of sleeve snap ring (27), the turning of elasticity thimble is fixed on the core bar (29), and syringe assembling so far finishes.

Among Fig. 2, by the shallow ring of locking, spring leaf opens in the acute angle annular groove that is locked in the shallow ring of locking, is lock-out state for the head of elongated insertion part and spring leaf.Special suggestion: the acute angle level that the cervical region inner chamber locks shallow ring is the inside and outside connector mold of injection tube place, in order to the demoulding behind the injection molded.

Fig. 3 shows the detailed structure schematic surface of elongated insertion part.Elongated insertion part is by head, spring leaf, and bar portion (30), spacing ring (31), plug and injection passage (32) constitute.Leave enough spaces passing through between the spring leaf in order to injection.During injection molded, the joint of two moulds is positioned on the edge line of many spring leafs, does not have demoulding difficulty.

Fig. 4 shows double-rail containing mark (33) design of printing on the injection tube surface.The most handy double-colored printing of containing mark is in order to observation.If production cost obviously increases, an also available rail is dark, and the monochrome that a rail is shallow is printed.

This locking breaks away from self-destructive syringe under the identical condition of self-destruction principle, and existing multiple design is selective, more than is the preferred embodiment that this utility model is thought at present.

Claims (9)

1, a kind of locking breaks away from the self-destruction type safety injector, its technical characterictic is that intracavity is provided with locking device in the cervical region that injection tube slightly enlarges, it is made up of shallow ring of locking and elongated insertion part, shaft position is provided with the disengaging reference leakage device in the plastic stent of piston, stab-resistant shield disc is set and at the injection tube tail end telescopic obvious inner process is set at the needle housings base portion and form safety device.

2, locking according to claim 1 breaks away from the destructing safety syringe, it is characterized in that: at the stab-resistant shield disc of needle housings base portion setting.

3, device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the automatic locking apparatus that does not need additionally to increase thrust locks shallow ring by the acute angle formula and anchor formula elastic locking head is formed, when pushing ahead, elongated insertion part enters injection tube cervical region inner chamber, when running into the shallow inclined plane of the shallow ring of locking, the lateral spring leaf of elongated insertion part shrinks, make elongated insertion part smoothly by the shallow ring of locking, open, be locked in the cannelure of the shallow ring of locking by the back spring leaf.

4, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: break away from reference leakage device and be made up of the ventilation socket on plug on the elongated insertion part and the piston plastic stent.

5, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: rubber piston changes on the side that is located at the piston plastic stent, is made up of 1-3 road elastic tape, forms elastic tape formula piston.

6, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the afterbody at the piston plastic stent is provided with female thread, at the core bar head pin thread is set, and connects the back and forms loosening ventilation nipple.

7, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: at the injection tube afterbody telescopic obvious inner process is set, stops piston to be pulled out outside the injection tube.

8, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the stop between injection tube tube handle and core bar handle is made up of the elasticity thimble and the sleeve snap ring that are fixed on the core bar handle.

9, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: print the double-rail containing mark on the injection tube surface.