CN2730087Y - Farmland ditcher having 'Moqian' type clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a farmland ditcher having 'Moqian'-typed clutch, which comprises a transmission case arranged on the machine frame, a cutter head, a driving device which drives the cutter head axle rotating and a clutch. The farmland ditcher having 'Moqian'-typed clutch is characterized in that the clutch adopts a 'Moqian'-typed clutch and the 'Moqian'-typed clutch is provided with a driving disc on the driving wheel. A driven shaft is provided with a driven disc and a spring. The driven disc is jogged with the driven shaft in the radial direction and the driven disc is in the sliding connection with the driven shaft in the axial direction. The driving disc is provided with a convex tooth or a groove. The driven disc is provided with a groove or a convex tooth which is corresponding with the driven disc. The back lash of the convex tooth and the groove of the driving disc and the driven disc is smaller than 4 millimeters or the adaption angle is smaller than 4 DEG. The utility model overcomes the deficiency of the traditional ditcher that the clutch separates not clearly and binds insufficiently, etc. The novel clutch binds steadily, and in working time it does not slip and separates thoroughly under the bad condition of the entering of mud, water and oil.

Description

Adopt the field furrower of friction inserting type clutch

Technical field

The utility model belongs to agricultural mechanical field, relates to a kind of field furrower that adopts the friction inserting type clutch.

Background technology

Field furrower is the agricultural machinery that grew up in recent years, and development is very fast, large-scale rear-mounted ditching machine occurred, small-sized front-end ditching machine.Each parts of ditching machine, for example cutterhead, blade, depth stops etc. are also being updated.Its structure comprises gearbox, the cutterhead that is arranged on the frame substantially and drives transmission device and the clutch that cutterhead rotates.The employed clutch of ditching machine in the prior art mainly contains jaw clutch peace disk-type friction clutch, particularly multiple-piece square position friction clutch; No. 02263594.7 utility model patent of China also provides the technical scheme of employing circular cone type friction clutch (abbreviation cone-disk clutch).

Traditional friction clutch exists a lot of not enough:

1, inferior separating effect, even separate unclear.Because the square position clutch is under released state, its driven disc and driven shaft are in state free to rotate, and driven disc also can move freely in the axial direction, when rotating plate ran up, very little several factors such as frictional force such as air-flow, dust and vibrations all can cause the driven disc transfer.The driving disc spacing pressing of assembling rotating plate is installed on the driven shaft by two bearings, although the coefficient of friction of ball bearing is very little, rotates flexibly, also still can produce certain frictional force to axle.This minimal friction on the bearing also becomes a factor of transfer.Big machinery driven shaft and associate member quality thereof very heavy (often having several tons), as automobile, on the large components such as tractor, the strength of this transfer also deficiency so that the driven shaft transfer causes mechanical action, so do not see what harm arranged, but miniaturization along with agriculture ditching machine design, lightness, this transfer power has been enough to work the mischief, for example, the optimal design of its cutterhead makes its weight be reduced to about 8kg from nearly 30kg, the so light cutterhead of quality is easy to be driven by rotating plate and above-mentioned " transfer power " and rotate, and can changes faster and faster after clutch separation.This phenomenon can be brought very big potential safety hazard, because: many sharpeners are arranged on the cutterhead, and ditching machine stops trench digging when the edge of a field is turned or travelled on the road surface, and the cutterhead of high speed rotating can bring very big danger to operator and pedestrian.This problem has become the big difficult point in the ditching machine design, has been a long-standing always potential safety hazard since ditching machine is born;

2, easily skid after the combination.Load is big during ditching machine work, and condition of work is abominable, and the clutch sealing is poor, and particularly the rainy day more has between the muddy water engaging friction sheet, thereby produces skidding;

3, the complex structure of traditional square position clutch, weight is bigger.General clutch by 26 kinds, totally 69 parts are formed, the about 10kg of weight;

4, owing to complex structure, the difficulty of its maintenance, renewal part and debugging is all bigger, can only be keeped in repair and be debugged by the skilled worker who accepted professional training.The space of driven disc, rotating plate is very little, and 0.3 millimeter of the adjustable range franchise between 3 separator levers and the release bearing is not that skilled operators can't accurately be debugged; Debug incorrectly, will produce adhesion deficiency, burn rubbing surface or obviously separate unclear problem; The user of service of ditching machine, for example peasant, mechanician etc. are difficult to grasp its maintenance, debugging technique, cause the inconvenience of use;

5, because complex structure causes its manufacturing cost higher;

6, controls damages easily.Disengaging pawl during separation, release bearing are under great stress, are in again under the state of running up, and it is very serious to rub, and release bearing usually damages, and particularly on the poor agriculture ditching machine of operating condition, muddy water, dust, foreign material have more increased the weight of the degree of its infringement.

In order to solve this hard nut to crack, the patent No. provides the scheme that adopts dog clutch for two parts of patents of 91213865.3 and 95240413.3, but do not see so far aborning and to use, its reason be jaw clutch in conjunction with the time impulsive force big, easily cause the damage of tooth inserted tooth.

Summary of the invention

Task of the present utility model is that the clutch to traditional ditching machine improves, a kind of field furrower that adopts the friction inserting type clutch is provided, clutch on this ditching machine is the novel clutch of a kind of first friction launch, backteeth embedding combination, novel clutch should be in conjunction with steadily, non-slip when under harsh conditions, working, and separate back rotating plate and driven disc and all be in check stable state, separate thoroughly.Should have the advantage of friction-type and engagement type two class clutches and overcome both shortcoming.The field furrower of this employing friction inserting type clutch will overcome the deficiency of traditional ditching machine, thoroughly solve the difficult problem in the ditching machine design.

The technical solution of the utility model is: the field furrower that adopts the friction inserting type clutch, comprise transmission device and clutch that the gearbox that is arranged on the frame, cutterhead, drive cutter axis rotate, it is characterized in that: described clutch adopts the friction inserting type clutch, and the friction inserting type clutch is that driving wheel is provided with rotating plate; Driven shaft is provided with driven disc, and driven disc and driven shaft are chimeric diametrically, and sliding in the axial direction connects, and simultaneously, driven shaft is provided with spring; It is characterized in that: described rotating plate is provided with double wedge or groove, and described driven disc is provided with corresponding with it groove or double wedge, and the double wedge of described rotating plate and driven disc and the back lash of groove are less than 4 millimeters; Or fit angle is less than 4 degree.

" driven disc and driven shaft are chimeric diametrically, and sliding in the axial direction connects " described here is meant: driven disc and driven shaft can only rotate synchronously; But can move along axle in the axial direction.

Described rotating plate is provided with the groove or the double wedge of " corresponding " with driven disc, be meant: both can be chimeric mutually.Its form can be only on any one in rotating plate and driven disc groove to be set, double wedge is set on another; Also can be that groove or double wedge are set on both simultaneously.The shape of groove or double wedge is seen below the explanation of literary composition.

Clutch in conjunction with the time, driven disc rotating plate to high speed rotating under spring action is close, forms frictional drive, and progressively quicken to rotate, when both speed difference is little of to a certain degree, the double wedge groove on the driven disc just embeds in the groove double wedge on the rotating plate, realizes tooth embedding transmission.

Prioritization scheme of the present utility model is: double wedge on described clutch driving disk and the driven disc or groove adopt asymmetric shape.

Here said " double wedge or groove are asymmetric shape " is meant: double wedge on the rotating plate or groove, in full accord with groove or double wedge shape on the driven disc, but no matter their planar graph does not present any symmetry from any angles such as diameter, circumference, the centers of circle.That is to say: groove on double wedge on the rotating plate or groove and the driven disc or double wedge have only the angle position of a coincidence on 360 ° circumference, other positions all can not overlap.Can reduce the chimeric chance of tooth embedding like this, increase the time in frictional drive stage, make the speed difference of tooth embedding rotating plate of chimeric moment and driven disc littler.

Said " double wedge or groove are asymmetric shape " can be a complete pattern; Also can be a plurality of discontinuous patterns; Or irregular geometrical pattern; Any shape such as irregular non-geometrical pattern.

In conjunction with the time spring driven disc is pushed to the rotating plate of high speed rotating, form frictional drive, at this moment, on the one hand because the rotating plate of the effect high speed rotating of frictional force drives driven disc progressively rotates, the double wedge groove on the driven disc is subjected to the effect of spring force constantly to attempt again to embed in both friction processes in the groove double wedge on the rotating plate on the other hand; In the technical solution of the utility model that two double wedge and the making of engagement gap is very little, angular speed in the starting stage of rubbing owing to two differs greatly so can not be chimeric smoothly, have only when rotating plate drives driven disc by frictional force and rotate under the close and even approaching synchronous state of both speed, double wedge each other and groove could be chimeric, thereby reach the function of first friction launch backteeth embedding combination, realize in conjunction with steadily, non-slip and separate purpose completely during work.

Comprise following key character in the technical solution of the utility model:

1, the double wedge of clutch driving disk and driven disc, groove fit angle are less than 4 degree following (being advisable 0.5 millimeter-1.5 millimeter in the back lash), reduce chimeric chance as far as possible, and this is the key character that is different from conventional jaw clutch.The angular clearances of conventional jaw clutch is more than 10 degree, be that the double wedge angle is much smaller than the corresponding groove angle, because the back lash is big,, also just therefore can produce bigger impulsive force so under the very big condition of speed discrepancy, also embed easily at driving wheel high speed rotating, rotating plate and driven disc; And double wedge on rotating plate of the present utility model and the driven disc and groove (being the tooth embedding) back lash is very little, driven disc just is difficult for rotating plate chimeric under the situation of rotating plate high speed rotating, so just produce friction, and driven disc is rotated thereupon, just can be chimeric when having only both rotating speeds close, so just alleviated instant impact when chimeric;

2, the geometry of each double wedge, groove is different, asymmetric fully on driven disc and the rotating plate, and only the double wedge of driven disc and rotating plate, groove could be in conjunction with, the i.e. for once chimeric chances of revolution under specific corresponding angle position; This also is to reduce in conjunction with chance, prolongs another key character of frictional drive process;

3, the end face diameter of rotating plate and driven disc, area are big as far as possible under the driving wheel permissive condition, and the area of double wedge and groove is close, make it have enough friction areas, to strengthen antiwear property.

The field furrower of the employing friction inserting type clutch that the utility model provides, overcome on traditional ditching machine clutch separation unclear, in conjunction with not enough, in conjunction with after easily skid, complex structure, adjusting difficulty, radial dimension are bigger, structure shortcoming such as compactness inadequately; The friction inserting type clutch is a kind of brand-new, first friction launch, the novel clutch of backteeth embedding combination, this clutch is in conjunction with more steady, non-slip when under the mal-condition that has mud, water, oil to enter, working, and separate back rotating plate and driven disc and all be in check stable state, separate thoroughly.Because its principle has adopted the dual working method of first friction backteeth embedding, both shortcomings have been overcome so have both advantages.The field furrower of this employing friction inserting type clutch has overcome the deficiency of traditional ditching machine, has thoroughly solved the difficult problem in the ditching machine design.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that novel friction inserting type clutch device fits over the overall layout chart on the ditching machine;

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of this friction inserting type clutch;

Fig. 3 is the rotating plate of the described friction inserting type clutch of Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and the plane structure chart of driven disc;

Fig. 4 is the rotating plate of embodiment 2, the plane structure chart of driven disc;

Fig. 5 is the rotating plate of embodiment 3, the plane structure chart of driven disc.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples technique scheme is described in further detail:

Embodiment 1, adopt the front-end ditching machine of friction inserting type clutch: with reference to Fig. 1,2: on ditching machine frame 19, be equipped with gear-box 15, be equipped with cutterhead 17 on the cutter axis 18 of gear-box 15, blade 16 is housed on the cutterhead, with the opposite side driven shaft 1 of cutterhead 17 corresponding gear-boxes 15 on be equipped with driving wheel 8, in order to reduce wear, between driven shaft 1 and driving wheel 8, be equipped with bearing 10; Rotating plate 7 is connected and fixed with driving wheel 8 usefulness screws or rivet 9; Driven disc 6 is fixing with spline housing 5 usefulness screws or rivet 9, and spline housing 5 is a spline fitted with driven shaft 1, can not rotate, but can endwisely slip on driven shaft 1, and the nut 2 of axle head and big pad 3 are pressed to spline housing 5 with spring 4; The outside of nut 2 has a seal cover 22 to cover on driving wheel 8; Push rod 12 is arranged in the spline of driven shaft 1, and left end pushes up to spline housing 5, and right-hand member withstands and separates circle 13, and separating circle 13 internal diameters has double wedge to insert in the spline of axle 1, and there is the helical teeth more than 2 on disengaging pawl 14 the right, and are corresponding with the helical teeth on the separate cover 11.Among Fig. 2, pull bar 20 is just ordering about disengaging pawl 14 and is reversing, and makes both helical teeth summits corresponding, and push rod 12 was passed driven disc 6 and separated with rotating plate 7 to the left end that spring 4 is housed this moment, and driving-belt 21 drives driving wheel 8 and freely rotates.Releasing lever 20, the helical teeth of disengaging pawl 14 glides from the helical teeth peak of separate cover 11, and the pressure of 12 pairs of spline housings 5 of push rod disappears, and spring 4 is pressed to driving wheel 8 with spline housing 5, driven disc 6 is mutually pressured tight with the rotating plate 7 of high speed rotating, makes driven disc 6 transfers starting under the effect of frictional force.Owing to differ bigger at the starting stage rotating plate 7 of starting and the rotating speed of driven disc 6, the back lash of both double wedges or groove is very little again, the double wedge of driven disc 6 can't embed in the groove of rotating plate 7, and driven disc 6 certainly leads to continuous friction slip phenomenon in the process that compresses rotating plate 7 simultaneously; Have only when both rotating speed progressively close after certain degree, the double wedge of driven disc 6 could embed in the groove of rotating plate 7 and finish combination, the complete and driving wheel 8 of driven shaft 1 this moment rotates synchronously, by interior gear drive cutterhead 17 rotation operations of gear-box 15.

Clutch operating device of the present utility model has adopted the patented technology of cone-disk clutch, and the patent No. is 02263594.7, and this paper no longer describes in detail.

In the present embodiment, driven disc and rotating plate are to adopt two workpiece that the thick steelplate punching of 2～5mm forms, it is quincunx to be pintongs, referring to Fig. 3, last figure is a driven disc, figure below is a rotating plate, and the driven disc 6 of last figure is that stamping-out comes out from the rotating plate 7 of figure below, and rotating plate 7 is penetrating gear ring shapes; Also can make 2 lobes or many lobes, but have following feature: 1. both back lashes can not be big, in the present embodiment, the rotating speed of driving wheel is 1000 rev/mins, fit angle is 1～1.5 degree, about radial clearance 2mm, promptly the exradius r of driven disc is less than the inner ring radius R 1～2mm of rotating plate; 2. each tooth geometrical shape difference can not be not chimeric under correspondence position.(this purpose of 2 all is to reduce chimeric probability, can only could embed the impulsive force to reduce when chimeric after driven disc and rotating plate are compressed when both rotating speeds are close.); 3. the double wedge area of rotating plate and driven disc is close, to prevent that wherein the double wedge area of a slice is little and not wear-resisting; Secondly, the magnifying diameter of trying one's best, the limit is permitted that by the diameter of driving wheel purpose is to guarantee that enough friction areas are arranged, with the amount of reducing wear; 4. make of carbon steel material.In the present embodiment, between the quenching and tempering hardness HRC35-40, coefficient of friction really up to the mark reduces, and crosses soft not wear-resisting again; 5. the pressure of spring is greater than 150 kilograms, to guarantee to have enough frictional force.

In the present embodiment, proposed to make of the sheet metal stamping-out process program of rotating plate and driven disc, this is the technical scheme of a key, and it has solved the processing problems to complex geometric shapes, and be to cut out a piece of cloth in a way with the minimum material to make two or more articles of clothing, one block of material is produced two workpiece, and the gap also is to carry out essence with punching process to cut, and quality is guaranteed, cost also greatly reduces simultaneously, if the employing steel-casting, insufficient strength, the cost of milling or finish forge will be very high also.

The embodiment that the utilization the technical solution of the utility model is made, durability is strong, the reliability height, particularly in conjunction with steadily, with existing slip clutch to combine characteristics close, very little in conjunction with instant impact, in conjunction with after do not have skidding again, having muddy water to enter does not influence performance yet; After the separation, driven disc is under the on-position of being pushed by push rod, do not have freely to wave, will never with the rotating plate friction, thoroughly stopped to separate potential safety hazard unclear, that cutterhead freely rotates under the inoperative condition.

The embodiment that makes according to the technical solution of the utility model connects stove bolt and has only 26 parts of 10 kinds interior, and weight is only about 6 kilograms.The multi-disc friction clutch of prior art weighs more than 10 kilogram, and 26 kinds totally 69 parts are arranged, and compares part and has reduced over halfly, and weight has also alleviated a lot, and production cost descends, and uses, regulates also convenient.

Adopt the technical scheme of large tracts of land, little fit clearance, also various embodiments can be arranged.

Embodiment 2, and is substantially the same manner as Example 1, but adopts another kind of friction inserting type clutch on the ditching machine.With reference to Fig. 4: a kind of friction inserting type clutch of gap type, determine 2 breach that above geometry is different in the plectane upper punch, as driven disc, the material that gets off from the breach stamping-out is assembled on the driving wheel as rotating plate;

Embodiment 3, and is basic identical with embodiment 1,2, but adopts another kind of friction inserting type clutch on the ditching machine.With reference to Fig. 5: determine 2～6 through holes that geometry is different a plectane upper punch, as driven disc or rotating plate, material that will stamping-out goes out from through hole is assembled on the corresponding rotating plate or driven disc.

Claims (7)

1, a kind of field furrower that adopts the friction inserting type clutch, comprise transmission device and clutch that the gearbox that is arranged on the frame, cutterhead, drive cutter axis rotate, it is characterized in that: described clutch adopts the friction inserting type clutch, and the friction inserting type clutch is that driving wheel is provided with rotating plate; Driven shaft is provided with driven disc, and driven disc and driven shaft are chimeric diametrically, and sliding in the axial direction connects, and simultaneously, driven shaft is provided with spring; Described rotating plate is provided with double wedge or groove, and described driven disc is provided with corresponding with it groove or double wedge, and the double wedge of described rotating plate and driven disc and the back lash of groove are less than 4 millimeters; Or fit angle is less than 4 degree.

2, the field furrower of employing friction inserting type clutch according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: double wedge on described clutch driving disk and the driven disc or groove adopt asymmetric shape.

3, the field furrower of employing friction inserting type clutch according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described clutch driving disk and driven disc have the convex and concave teeth more than 2, each profile of tooth end face geometry is all inequality, and can only be chimeric in each self-corresponding position.

4, according to the field furrower of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described employing friction inserting type clutches, it is characterized in that: described rotating plate and driven disc are the penetrating shapes of adopting sheet metal to be made into.

5, according to the field furrower of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described employing friction inserting type clutches, it is characterized in that: described rotating plate and driven disc are arranged on the outside of driving wheel, an end opposite with gear-box.

6, according to the field furrower of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described employing friction inserting type clutches, it is characterized in that: the internal diameter of the diameter of described rotating plate and driving wheel hub is close.

7, according to the field furrower of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described employing friction inserting type clutches, it is characterized in that: the outside of described driven disc has seal cover and driving wheel fastening.

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