CN2713982Y - Device for monitoring human body fluid balance by measuring biological resistivity - Google Patents
Device for monitoring human body fluid balance by measuring biological resistivity Download PDFInfo
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- CN2713982Y CN2713982Y CN 200420009156 CN200420009156U CN2713982Y CN 2713982 Y CN2713982 Y CN 2713982Y CN 200420009156 CN200420009156 CN 200420009156 CN 200420009156 U CN200420009156 U CN 200420009156U CN 2713982 Y CN2713982 Y CN 2713982Y
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a device for monitoring human body fluid balance by measuring biological resistivity, comprising a bridge circuit, an interface circuit, a computer, a constant current source circuit, and an electrode system. The electrode system comprises four electrode measuring heads. The output of the constant current source circuit is connected with two exciting electrodes. Two measuring electrodes are connected with the bridge circuit which is connected with the computer interface through the connecting line. The utility model with simple structure can obtain the data of the measured person through measuring biological resistivity.
Description
Affiliated technical field
This utility model relates to a kind of bio-electrical impedance human body fluid balance monitoring instrument.
Background technology
Along with the extensive use of hemodialysis, the evaluation of dialysis-effect is more and more paid attention to.An importance estimating dialysis-effect is exactly the water balance state of monitoring dialysis patient.Auton in 1985 etc. have proposed the notion of " dry weight ".Dry weight promptly is the body weight of patient when being in water balancing the load state.Water balance is meant that the water yield of discharging in the water yield that takes in and produced by the vivo oxidation metabolism from the external world every day and the body is in poised state.Because patient non-functioning kidney unit of uremia accounts for the overwhelming majority, can't keep the bulb function, can not the sodium balance of normal regulating water, so oliguria or anuria occur, extracellular fluid volume increases unusually, and the result causes edema, pulmonary edema and hypertension, even the complication that overloads of water such as heart failure.If patient's extracellular fluid volume deficiency just hypotension, shock even death can occur.So measure patient's dry weight exactly is the important indicator of estimating dialysis-effect.For the mensuration of dry weight, once carried out many-sided research in the world.General adopt following method and instrument: (1) clinical diagnosis method: judge according to patient's general state, clinical manifestation etc. whether patient reaches dry weight.If hypertension appears in patient, pulmonary edema, left heart failures etc. are thought of as water and overload; If hypotension, it is very few then to be thought of as the water load.(2) radiological diagnosis method: promptly use X line observation of use instrument cardiac broad diameter (TP), hilus pulumonis blood vessel width (VPW), compare etc. in ambition.If male ambition ratio is greater than 50%, the women considers then that greater than 55% water overloads.(3) ultrasound: utilize ultrasonic instrument to measure postcava (IVC) diameter, the ratio (VCD) of IVC/ body surface area, atrophy index (CI) is estimated hemodialysis patient dry weight.When the super water of patient is loaded, VCD＞11.5mm/m
2, when occurring hanging down the water load, VCD＜8mm/m
2(4) isotope Evaluation Method: the application of radiation radio sulfur (
35SO
4) or sodium bromide mensuration extracellular fluid volume (EFV), with heavy water method (THO) measurement Total Body Water, use the γ spike and calculate EFV and total water capacity, contrast dialysis front and back body fluid, whether assessment reaches dry weight.(5) biochemical indicator method: mainly estimate patient and whether reach dry weight by the value of measuring cGMP and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP).(6) bio-impedance method: utilize method and the instrument of measuring the human-body biological electrical impedance to estimate extracellular fluid volume, and then estimate patient's dry weight.(7) dynamic hemovolumetry etc.
Said method and instrument respectively have its pluses and minuses, but are subjected to influence of various factors, so inaccurate.Imageology, isotope, and the biochemical indicator method more accurate, but the assay method more complicated does not have ageing.The bio-impedance method is simple, and is ageing strong, but since its reflection be not the conductive characteristic of conductor, measured value is subjected to the influence of conductor form, so measurement result has than large deviation, and measured value instability can not accurately reflect human body water load condition.So it is a kind of ageing good to find, non-invasive, simple, more accurate dry weight determining instrument is necessary.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the measured value instability of existing instrument, can not accurately reflect the deficiency of human body water load condition, this utility model provides a kind of bio-electrical impedance human body fluid balance monitoring instrument.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves this utility model adopts is: a kind of bio-electrical impedance human body fluid balance monitoring instrument is by bridge circuit, interface circuit, and computer, constant-current source circuit and electrode system are formed.Electrode system is made up of four electrode gauge heads, and 2 exciting electrodes are connected with the output of constant-current source, and 2 measurement electrode are connected with bridge circuit, and bridge circuit is connected with the interface of computer by line.
Know-why of the present utility model: by discovering, the human body bio-electrical impedance can reflect the content of extracellular fluid well under the low frequency, i.e. the water balancing the load state of human body.Utilize bio-electrical impedance can estimate the dry weight of dialysis patient well, and can manage patient's dialysis dosage with this.It has overcome the shortcoming of determining instrument in the past.
Resistivity is the conductive characteristic of conductor, is defined as the size of unit volume conductor resistance, and it is by the conductive characteristic decision of the composition material of conductor.For tissue, his resistivity is the size of unit volume tissue resistance, and what its reflected is the conductive characteristic of tissue.Understanding for the electrology characteristic of biological tissue is quite complicated.Nineteen fifty-seven Schwan etc. has proposed particle suspending dielectric response model.In external electric field, the electrical response of biological tissue has tangible frequency characteristic.He thinks that organizational structure is the spheroidal particle (cell) that suspending in the conducting medium (extracellular fluid), is the intracellular fluid of conduction in the cell membrane of non-conductive or atomic weakly conducting.Tissue can be counted as by the nonconducting spherical particles (cell) that suspends in the liquid (extracellular fluid) of conduction and form under the low-frequency current, and at this moment cell membrane conducts electricity hardly, and intracellular fluid does not participate in conduction, and electric current is conducted by extracellular fluid.At this moment the conductive characteristic of biological tissue is determined by extracellular fluid, and bio-electrical impedance is by the capacity of extracellular fluid in the unit volume tissue (the outer liquid hold-up of histiocyte) and form decision.Result of study shows that extracellular fluid volume has significant correlation (seeing Table 1) in the unit volume tissue of tissue bio-electrical impedance and isotope assay.
The relation of the outer liquid capacity (EFV/Mass) of the unit volume histiocyte that table 1 bio-electrical impedance and sodium bromide are measured:
| Normal group (n=14) | The patient organizes (n=13) | |
| Correlation coefficient r | -0.7601 * | -0.5293 * |
*P＜0.05
Because it is constant that the outer liquid of normal human cell is formed, the outer liquid electric conductivity of the electrolytical variation pair cell of extracellular fluid does not have obvious influence before and after the dialysis patient dialysis, so the variation of human-body biological resistance rate mainly is to be caused by the outer liquid hold-up of histiocyte.If body fluid overloads, the outer liquid hold-up height of histiocyte then, at this moment bio-electrical impedance just reduces; Otherwise if how much body fluid loads, then the outer liquid hold-up of histiocyte is little, and at this moment bio-electrical impedance just increases.This has explained the accuracy of bio-electrical impedance reflection body fluid load condition theoretically.
For the normal person, the body fluid load is in poised state, the outer liquid hold-up substantially constant of histiocyte, and extracellular fluid is formed constant, and its bio-electrical impedance is also constant.Result of study shows that bio-electrical impedance is variant between the normal population sex, and the women is higher than the male; But no significant difference between the same sex age groups (seeing Table 2).
Table 2 table 1 normal population electricalresistivity is (annual age group n=15) relatively:
| Age | The male | The women |
| -19 | 569±30 | 639±33 |
| 20-29 | 580±33 | 640±34 |
| 30-39 | 587±27 | 642±32 |
| 40-49 | 580±31 | 641±38 |
| 50-59 | 570±30 | 640±39 |
| 60- | 569±30 | 624±40 |
| Amount to | 575±30 * | 638±36 * |
P＜0.001
Tissue can be divided into fatty tissue and non-fat tissue simply.The electric action of tissue is mainly caused by non-fat tissue, and fatty tissue is conducted electricity hardly.So fat is many more in the unit volume tissue, the outer liquid hold-up of histiocyte is few more, and electric conductivity is poor more, and then bio-electrical impedance is just big more.Because women's fat content is many than the male, so resistivity increases than the male.For dialysis patient, when liquid load was too much, the content of the outer liquid of histiocyte obviously increased, and causes bio-electrical impedance obviously to reduce.Find that in research patient's bio-electrical impedance is starkly lower than normal value before each dialysis to hemodialysis patient, dialysis finish its bio-electrical impedance of back then near or reach normal value (seeing Table 3).
The preceding patient electricalresistivity's of table 3 normal person and hemodialysis comparative result:
| Patient male | Normal male | Female patients | Normal women | |
| (n＝25) | (n＝25) | (n＝25) | (n＝25) | |
| The electricalresistivity | 483±68 | 575±30 | 517±79 | 638±36 |
P＜0.001 P＜0.001
And the speed that this bio-electrical impedance changes depends on the degree of patient's body fluid load imbalance.The serious too much patient of some body fluid load, its bio-electrical impedance must be after dialysis repeatedly could near or reach normal value (seeing Table 4).
The dynamic change of resistivity after table 4 hemodialysis patient repeatedly dialyses:
The dialysis number of times
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 13 14 15 16 18 20 22 24 25 28 29 30 37 38 45 82 88 95 100
Man 4 547 554 577
Man 5 579 619
Man 6 572 586
Woman 4 522 533 561 588 581
Woman 5 560 574 601
Woman 6 713 683
Bio-electrical impedance and hemodialysis patient's clinical symptoms has good dependency.The clinical manifestation that patient's water overloads is serious more, and its bio-electrical impedance is more little; Otherwise if dewatering symptom appears in patient, then bio-electrical impedance is apparently higher than normal value.In addition, applying biological resistivity is used the predetermined hemodialysis patient's of resistivity ultrafiltration equation ultrafiltration volume as parameter, has also reached digital management patient's promising result (seeing Table 5).
The relation of bio-electrical impedance difference DELTA ρ and ultrafiltration volume Y before and after table 5 hemodialysis:
| The male | The women | |
| Correlation coefficient r | 0.8642 * | 0.7003 * |
*P＜0.05
The beneficial effects of the utility model are simple in structure, by measuring the data that bio-electrical impedance obtains the measured.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples this utility model is further specified.
Fig. 1 is an electrical block diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is this utility model structural representation.
Fig. 3 is this utility model circuit theory diagrams.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of bio-electrical impedance human body fluid balance monitoring instrument selects for use GR1689-P-RLC type digital electric bridge circuit, interface circuit 3, computer 4, constant-current source circuit 1 and electrode system to form by bridge circuit 2.Electrode system is made up of four electrode gauge heads, 2 exciting electrodes 5,6 are connected with the output of constant-current source by line 9,10,2 measurement electrode 7,8 be connected with bridge circuit 2 by line 11,12, bridge circuit 2 is connected with computer interface circuits 3 by line, and interface circuit 3 is selected IEE488-D type interface circuit for use.
Constant-current source circuit 1 as shown in Figure 3, the power supply input is through protective tube parallel resistance R1 and capacitor C 1, after connect critesistor R3 resistance R 2 respectively and connect choking-winding TT1 again, choking-winding TT1 meets bridge rectifier D9, bridge rectifier D9 output connecting resistance R4 and capacitor C 2, diode D1, capacitor C 2 ground connection, resistance R 4 meets diode D3, the base stage of D5 and audion T1 and capacitor C 4, ground connection behind the emitter stage connecting resistance R6 of audion T1, ground connection after diode D3 connects with diode D4, the colelctor electrode of audion T1 meets diode D2 after connecing parallel resistor R5 and capacitor C 3, diode D2 is connected the back and is connected with the primary end of transformator TT2 with diode D1, the primary other end of transformator TT2 is connected with the colelctor electrode of audion T1, capacitor C 4 and variable resistance R7 series connection back another elementary connection with diode D6 and transformator TT2, diode D5 is connected with an end of parallel resistor R1 and capacitor C 1 respectively with diode D6, the secondary output of transformator TT2 is connected with variable resistance R11 with critesistor R9, and the other end of critesistor R9 and variable resistance R11 is connected with an end of stabilivolt D7 and D8 and resistance R 10 and picks out output lead.
Constant-current source 1 output 1mA, the operating current of 3KHz.The impedance value that bridge circuit 2 is measured enters computer 4 by IEE488-D type interface, and by the calculation procedure in the computer 4, the calculating by formula is converted to the body fluid balance state value: as to reach body fluid balance then be 0.As body fluid overload then on the occasion of, many more on the occasion of high more expression water load over balance state.Otherwise then be negative value, it is many more that the big more expression water load of negative value is less than poised state.
Embodiment 2: as shown in Figure 2, bridge circuit 2, interface circuit 3 and computer 4 are installed in the control chamber 13.
Claims (2)
1. bio-electrical impedance human body fluid balance monitoring instrument, it is characterized in that: form by bridge circuit, interface circuit, computer, constant-current source circuit and electrode system, electrode system is made up of four electrode gauge heads, 2 exciting electrodes are connected with the output of constant-current source, 2 measurement electrode are connected with bridge circuit, and bridge circuit is connected with the interface of computer by line.
2. a kind of bio-electrical impedance human body fluid balance monitoring instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: bridge circuit is selected GR1689-P-RLC type digital electric bridge circuit for use, interface circuit is selected IEE488-D type interface circuit for use, constant-current source circuit is that the power supply input is through protective tube parallel resistance R1 and capacitor C 1, after connect critesistor R3 resistance R 2 respectively and connect choking-winding TT1 again, choking-winding TT1 meets bridge rectifier D9, bridge rectifier D9 output connecting resistance R4 and capacitor C 2, diode D1, capacitor C 2 ground connection, resistance R 4 meets diode D3, the base stage of D5 and audion T1 and capacitor C 4, ground connection behind the emitter stage connecting resistance R6 of audion T1, ground connection after diode D3 connects with diode D4, the colelctor electrode of audion T1 meets diode D2 after connecing parallel resistor R5 and capacitor C 3, diode D2 is connected the back and is connected with the primary end of transformator TT2 with diode D1, the primary other end of transformator TT2 is connected with the colelctor electrode of audion T1, capacitor C 4 and variable resistance R7 series connection back another elementary connection with diode D6 and transformator TT2, diode D5 is connected with an end of parallel resistor R1 and capacitor C 1 respectively with diode D6, the secondary output of transformator TT2 is connected with variable resistance R11 with critesistor R9, and the other end of critesistor R9 and variable resistance R11 is connected with an end of stabilivolt D7 and D8 and resistance R 10 and picks out output lead.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200420009156 CN2713982Y (en) | 2004-07-01 | 2004-07-01 | Device for monitoring human body fluid balance by measuring biological resistivity |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200420009156 CN2713982Y (en) | 2004-07-01 | 2004-07-01 | Device for monitoring human body fluid balance by measuring biological resistivity |
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| CN2713982Y true CN2713982Y (en) | 2005-08-03 |
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| CN 200420009156 Expired - Lifetime CN2713982Y (en) | 2004-07-01 | 2004-07-01 | Device for monitoring human body fluid balance by measuring biological resistivity |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1316941C (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2007-05-23 | 姜枫 | Bioelectrical resistivity instrument for monitoring human body fluid balance and monitoring method |
| TWI573559B (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2017-03-11 | 費森尼斯醫療德國公司 | Method and arrangement for determining an overhydration parameter or a body composition parameter |
-
2004
- 2004-07-01 CN CN 200420009156 patent/CN2713982Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1316941C (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2007-05-23 | 姜枫 | Bioelectrical resistivity instrument for monitoring human body fluid balance and monitoring method |
| TWI573559B (en) * | 2011-10-07 | 2017-03-11 | 費森尼斯醫療德國公司 | Method and arrangement for determining an overhydration parameter or a body composition parameter |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Effective date of abandoning: 20040701 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |