Summary of the invention
Existing automatic control stroke numerical control drilling head working (machining) efficiency is on the low side, maintenance cost is high in order to overcome, can only drill through the deficiency in hole, the utility model provides a kind of automatic control stroke numerical control drill unit, this drill unit can not only the automatic control feed distance, and simple in structure, working (machining) efficiency is high, maintenance cost is low, also can bore counterbore.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts is:
Automatic control stroke numerical control drill unit is made up of unit head part, feeding part and control section.The unit head part mainly is made up of motor, decelerator, drill bit.The feeding part mainly is made up of motion guide rail pair, screw pair, servomotor and driving member thereof.Control section mainly partly is made up of servo-driver, controller and feed distance automatic control.The feeding mode of this feed distance automatic control part is: become the worker automatically and advance, hole and become rewind down again automatically after having bored after drill bit is not F.F., contact workpiece during contact workpiece.Servo-driver will adopt the torque monitoring unit that can monitor servo-driver output torque, or claims driver will have torque to monitor output.Feed distance automatic control part is made up of torque monitoring unit, voltage detecting and conversion equipment two parts.The input of voltage detecting and conversion equipment and the output of torque monitoring unit of servo-driver, be that torque monitors that output is connected, the output of voltage detecting and conversion equipment is connected with the input of controller; It with the output voltage of torque monitoring unit, be the torque monitor voltage, being converted to useful input signal and the worker that F.F./worker advances conversion advances/useful input signal that rewind down is changed is input to controller.
The technical scheme that its technical problem that solves the utility model adopts can also be:
The feeding mode of automatic control feed distance when boring counterbore is: become automatically after drill bit is not F.F., contact workpiece during contact workpiece and become rewind down when the worker advances, is drilled into the counterbore depth value of controller input automatically.
The circuit of voltage detecting and conversion equipment can adopt two voltage comparators to constitute, and their divide two-way to export useful input signal, the worker that F.F./worker advances conversion respectively to advance/the useful input signal of rewind down conversion; Also can adopt analog-digital converter to constitute, torque is monitored that output voltage is converted to the useful input signal of data signal.
The circuit of voltage detecting and conversion equipment adopts two integrated voltage comparators to constitute.Wherein, the torque that the in-phase input end of one road voltage comparator connects servo-driver monitors output, the bleeder circuit cross-over connection of being made up of resistance and potentiometer is between power positive cathode, the potentiometer of setting the high threshold signal potential is regulated the inverting input of termination voltage comparator, forms the voltage detecting circuit that F.F./worker advances conversion.The LED of photoelectrical coupler importation and pull-up resistor are connected, are the forward cross-over connection between power positive cathode, and the tie point of the two is connected with the output of voltage comparator, and the output termination controller input of optocoupler is formed signaling conversion circuit.Another road voltage comparator and peripheral cell thereof: resistance, potentiometer, optocoupler forms the worker and advances/voltage detecting and the signaling conversion circuit of rewind down conversion.Monitor that except the inverting input of voltage comparator switches through square output, its in-phase input end connect the potentiometer adjustable side of setting low threshold signal current potential, another input of optocoupler output termination controller, its circuit is identical with voltage detecting and signaling conversion circuit that F.F./worker advances to change.
Voltage detecting and conversion equipment adopt the analog-to-digital conversion module that is made of analog-digital converter, and two inputs of analog-to-digital conversion module are connected with two outputs of torque monitoring unit of servo-driver respectively, and analog-to-digital conversion module is connected with controller by bus.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
F.F./the worker of drill unit advances conversion and the worker advances/the rewind down conversion, finish by the torque monitor voltage that detects servo-driver output, and need import depth value except boring counterbore, need not to import in advance the feed distance data.Adopt this feed distance autocontrol mode need not directly detect the suffered axial force size of drill bit, the torque monitor voltage that need pick up servo-driver, sample of signal is simple, simplifies the structure.Owing to adopt servo control mode, not only can drill through the hole and can also bore counterbore, and also lower, simple in structure, environmental than hydraulic control mode working (machining) efficiency height, maintenance cost.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.
Embodiment 1:
In Fig. 1, the utility model automatic control stroke numerical control drill unit mainly is grouped into by unit head part, feeding part and electric control part.The unit head part mainly is made up of motor (1), decelerator (2), drill bit (3).The feeding part mainly is made up of motion guide rail pair (5), screw pair (6), synchronous band (8) and servomotor (7).The unit head part combines as a whole with the moving part of motion guide rail pair (5), and the leading screw of screw pair (6) and servomotor (7) are by band (8) transmission synchronously.Servomotor (7) is connected with automatically controlled part.
The cutting power of drill bit (3) is provided by decelerator (2) by motor (1).Servomotor (7) rotation through band (8) and screw pair (6) transmission synchronously, makes unit head do feed motion along the guide rail of motion guide rail pair (5).The running of servomotor (7) is controlled by automatically controlled part.The feed distance of drill unit adopts the servo-drive mode to realize automatic control.
In Fig. 2, automatically controlled part mainly is made up of servo-driver (11), voltage detecting and conversion equipment (13), controller (15).Servomotor (7) divides two-way to be connected with servo-driver (11) by motor cable (9), encoder cable (10), the torque of servo-driver (11) monitors that output is connected with conversion equipment (13) with voltage detecting through torque monitor voltage holding wire (12), voltage detecting is connected with controller (15) by useful input signal cable (14) with conversion equipment (13), and controller (15) is connected with servo-driver (11) by control instruction holding wire (16).Wherein, torque monitoring unit, voltage detecting and the conversion equipment (13) of servo-driver (11) are feed distance automatic control part.This automatic control part is cooperated by controller (15), servo-driver (11), realizes the automatic control of feed distance, that is: when drilling through the hole, become automatically after drill bit is not F.F., contact workpiece during contact workpiece and become rewind down again automatically after the worker advances, bores thoroughly; When boring counterbore, after drill bit is not F.F., contact workpiece during contact workpiece, become automatically and become rewind down when the worker advances, is drilled into input counterbore depth value automatically.
Servo-driver (11) adopts Panasonic's product, and model is MHDA103A1A.Servomotor (7) adopts Panasonic's product, and model is MHMA102A1A, and rated output power is 1.0KW, and motor carries rotary encoder.
In Fig. 4, the circuit of voltage detecting and conversion equipment mainly is made of two integrated voltage comparators.This circuit employing ± 24V dual power supply, the cross-over connection of power filtering capacitor (C1, C2) difference is between two groups of power positive cathodes and 0V end.Voltage comparator (U1A) and peripheral circuit thereof constitute the voltage detecting circuit that F.F./worker advances conversion: the torque that the in-phase input end of voltage comparator (U1A) connects servo-driver (11) monitors output (IM), and torque monitors that output earth terminal (GND) connects power supply 0V end; Resistance (R1), resistance (R3) and potentiometer (R2) are formed bleeder circuit, cross-over connection between the both positive and negative polarity of power supply, the inverting input of the adjusting termination voltage comparator (U1A) of potentiometer (R2).Photoelectrical coupler (U2) and pull-up resistor (R4) are formed signaling conversion circuit: the LED of optocoupler (U2) importation connects, is the forward cross-over connection between power positive cathode with pull-up resistor (R4), and the tie point of the two is connected with the output of voltage comparator (U1A); The useful input signal input (X0) of the output termination controller (15) of optocoupler (U2), input common port (COM).
Voltage comparator (U1B) and peripheral cell thereof: resistance (R5), resistance (R7), potentiometer (R6) and optocoupler (U3) constitute the worker and advance/voltage detecting and the change-over circuit of rewind down conversion.The voltage detecting circuit that its circuit structure and F.F./worker advance to change is basic identical; Difference only is: voltage comparator (U1B) inverting input switches through square and monitors that output (IM), its in-phase input end connect potentiometer (R6) adjustable side of bleeder circuit, another useful input signal input (X1) of the output termination controller (15) of optocoupler (U3) and input common port (COM).
Circuit theory: voltage comparator (U1A) realizes that F.F./worker advances the voltage detecting of conversion, by regulator potentiometer (R2) set the high threshold signal potential, (U1A) inverting input that is added to voltage comparator, the torque of servo-driver monitors the torque monitor voltage of output (IM), being added to voltage comparator (U1A) in-phase input end compares, when the torque monitor voltage is higher than the high threshold signal potential, voltage comparator (U1A) output high level signal.Voltage comparator (U1B) realizes that the worker advances/voltage detecting of rewind down conversion, set the in-phase input end that hangs down the threshold signal current potential, is added to voltage comparator (U1B) by regulator potentiometer (R6), the torque of servo-driver monitors the torque monitor voltage of output (IM), the inverting input that is added to voltage comparator (U1B) compares, when the torque monitor voltage is lower than the threshold signal current potential, voltage comparator (U1B) output high level signal.Photoelectrical coupler (U2, U3) plays conversion and buffer action.The signaling conversion circuit that two optocouplers (U2, U3) are formed is exported two paths of signals respectively to the two switching value inputs (X0, X1) of controller (15) when voltage comparator (U1A, U1B) output high level signal: the useful input signal of switching mode and the worker that F.F./worker advances conversion advance/and the useful input signal of switching mode that rewind down is changed.
Because the actual installation structure of unit head may be different, the resistance that the torque monitor voltage of servo-driver (11) output is subjected in the time of may be with the unit head positive movement increases, and the resistance increase that is subjected in the time of also may be with the unit head positive movement reduces.This routine torque monitor voltage for-3V~+ 3V, the resistance that is subjected to during with the unit head positive movement increase, otherwise can put upside down the polarity of torque monitor voltage when this circuit is imported.Suitably set each divider resistance (ratio of R1~R3, R5~R7), the adjustable extent that makes the high threshold signal potential be 0~+ 3V, the adjustable extent of low threshold signal current potential is-3V~+ 1V.Because of the installation situation difference of every unit head, high and low threshold signal current potential, the real work torque that can export in different process according to servo-driver (11) according to the proportionate relationship of output torque and torque monitor voltage, is determined by debugging.Resistance (can select between number K Ω~hundreds of K Ω by the resistance of R1~R3, R5~R7); The optional resistance 5.1K Ω of resistance (R4, R8)~24K Ω; Two optocouplers (U2, U3) optional TIL117,4N25 etc., optional 100~470 μ F/50V of two electric capacity (C1, C2).
Operation principle: during unit head work, controller (15) sends instruction by control instruction holding wire (16), control servo-driver (11) drives servomotor (7) rotation through motor cable (9), servomotor (7) is through band (8) and screw pair (6) transmission synchronously, and unit head is done feed motion along motion guide rail pair (5).The unit head progressive position, promptly servomotor (7) the encoded device cable of anglec of rotation displacement (10) feeds back to servo-driver (11).After unit head started, voltage detecting and conversion equipment (13) detected the torque monitor voltage of servo-driver (11) always, and the size of this voltage is exported torque in real time with servomotor (7) and is directly proportional, the direction of the polarity reflection output torque of voltage.The torque monitor voltage compares with high and low threshold signal current potential in voltage comparator circuit.After the drill bit F.F. touches workpiece, because of F.F. is obstructed, the driving torque of servo-driver (11) must increase, its torque monitor voltage also must increase, the high threshold signal potential of this voltage and setting compares, when the former greater than the latter, voltage comparator circuit output high level signal, promptly import the useful input signal of controller (15), controller (15) can send control instruction signal, control servo-driver (11) after receiving this signal, drive servomotor (7) through motor cable (9) rotates with work speed.The worker advances in the process, the torque monitor voltage compares with the low threshold signal current potential of setting always, when the former less than the latter, show that workpiece bores, voltage comparator circuit output high level signal, promptly import the useful input signal in another road of controller (15), controller (15) can send the control instruction signal after receiving this signal, control servo-driver (11) drives servomotor (7) with the rotation of rewind down speed through motor cable (9), finishes the process of a through hole.
But the utility model also expanded application in boring counterbore.When boring counterbore, controller (15) only adopts torque monitor voltage and high threshold signal potential result relatively, and control F.F./worker advances conversion.After the unit head worker advanced, controller (15) did not detect workpiece and bores the number of leaking information, and gave controller (15) input counterbore depth value by the operator, and the worker advances to reach this depth value, and controller (15) control unit head rewind down is finished a counterbore process.
Embodiment 2:
The automatic control stroke numerical control drill unit that this is routine, its voltage detecting and conversion equipment adopt analog-to-digital conversion module.All the other are all identical with embodiment 1.
In Fig. 3, the torque that the input (V+) of the analog-to-digital conversion module of voltage detecting and conversion equipment (17) connects servo-driver (11) monitors output (IM), its input (V-) switches through square and monitors output earth terminal (GND), torque monitor voltage holding wire Shielded Twisted Pair, shielding line are connected to shielding end (SLD).Earth terminal (FG) ground connection, current signal incoming end (I+) and analog signal level ground end (A.G) do not connect at this.Analog-to-digital conversion module (17) is connected with the control substrate (18) of controller by bus, and the CPU of controller (19) is connected by the bus on the control substrate (18) with each module.
Analog-to-digital conversion module (17) adopts model: Q64AD, and control substrate (18) adopts model: Q38B, and CPU (19) adopts model: Q00, is Mitsubishi's product.Q64AD is the analog-to-digital module of two-way, and this example only uses one the tunnel, and one tunnel binding post only draws among the figure.Q38B can insert eight functional modules at most.Q00 and Q64AD and other module all are inserted on the Q38B, together forming control system.Q00, be CPU (19), be connected and exchanges data by the bus on the control substrate Q38B with each module.
This circuit can be converted to the torque monitor voltage of servo-driver (11) the useful input signal of input controller (15) equally.The useful input signal of this moment is a data signal, and its size is directly proportional with the torque monitor voltage, and reflection polarity.Analog-to-digital conversion module (17) is received on the controller (15), carries out the automatic communication of data.
The analog voltage range of importing that analog-to-digital conversion module Q64AD sets is :-10V~+ 10V.The data area of the useful input signal after conversion is :-4000~+ 4000, and proportional with the aanalogvoltage of its input.The torque monitor voltage is :-3V~+ 3V, and the increase of the resistance that is subjected to during with the unit head positive movement increases, otherwise can put upside down the polarity of torque monitor voltage at this circuit input end.High threshold data and low threshold data that this example assumes user program is set are respectively: 400 and 40, and the torque monitor voltage of corresponding analog-to-digital conversion module (17) input is respectively: 1V and 0.1V.Controller (15) compares the data of useful input signal simultaneously in carrying out numerical control program all the time with high threshold data and low threshold data.
High threshold data and low threshold data can be set by man-machine interface.Installation situation difference because of every unit head, the real work torque that can in different process, export according to servo-driver (11), according to the proportionate relationship of the aanalogvoltage of the data of the proportionate relationship of output torque and torque monitor voltage and useful input signal and analog-to-digital conversion module (17) input, determine by debugging.
Analog-to-digital conversion module generally is made of A/D chip and modulate circuit thereof, memory, timer, EBI.The circuit of also available A/D chip of analog-to-digital conversion module and relevant integrated package, element assembling substitutes.
Operation principle: when the unit head F.F., if analog-to-digital conversion module (17) flows to the data of useful input signal of controller (15) greater than the high threshold data, show that detecting F.F./worker advances switching signal, make controller (15) send the control instruction signal by program again, control servo-driver (11) drives servomotor (7) advances the unit head worker.When the unit head worker advances, if the data of useful input signal are less than low threshold data, show that detecting the worker advances/the rewind down switching signal, make controller (15) send the control instruction signal by program, by servo-driver (11), servomotor (7) control unit head rewind down, finish the process of a through hole.
When boring counterbore, controller (15) only adopts the useful input signal data and the high threshold data result relatively of torque monitor voltage conversion, and control F.F./worker advances conversion; And monitoring workpiece does not bore saturating signal.The worker carries out journey and gives the decision of controller (15) input counterbore depth value by the operator.