(2) background technology
According to statistics, everyone on average can run into fire one time in the middle of all one's life, recurs again and again for exempting from tragedy, and everybody all need possess fire prevention escape knowledge, in the hope of do sth. that will save both oneself and others.The people who sinks into the scene of a fire in the middle of fire must face three kinds of situations: one, dark: the power breakdown that causes during fire, allow the people sink into suddenly to lose original sense of direction in the dark, add black smoke dense in the scene of a fire, more cause the bad of sight line, seriously influence the time of escape and the judgement of direction.Two, dense smoke: this is to cause the people in the middle of the fire in dead invisible killer, and its composition comprises carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hot-air, helium, dioxin poison gas etc.Three, temperature: rapid rising in the scene of a fire, cause human body to damage, when temperature was higher than Fahrenheit 150 and spends, the physiological function one of human body touched, and just lost normal function at once.
The main cause that fire is fearful is that the result that material combustion produces in the fire process obviously threatens personnel's life, no matter is in the fire combustion zone and the personnel of neighboring region, but its relative seriousness is according to each fire situation and decide.In general public place or the mansion, all emergency exits can be set.But when breaking out of fire, often, delay the time of escape, even find just that then emergency exits have been shut already because pushing between the crowd causes emergency exits to open smoothly.In addition, flame and dense smoke also easily flee to reach the adjacency area in the Emergency Ladder with the emergency exits of opening, and threaten survivor and the regional personnel of adjacency in the Emergency Ladder.
In order to overcome above-mentioned shortcoming, existing at present a kind of survival equipment is in order to be installed on the water pipe 1 in the doorframe (as Fig. 1), a plurality of nozzles 2 are arranged on the water pipe 1, in order to spray a plurality of water curtains to form a waterwall, wherein the angle of each nozzles spray is between between 45 to 60 degree, and its hydraulic pressure is less than 8bar.And the sprinkling direction of nozzle is to be set to towards scene of a fire direction, and (the sprinkling direction of top nozzle and the angle of vertical line are 30 degree towards the scene of a fire to press from both sides an angle with this plane, water pipe 1 place, the sprinkling direction of both sides nozzle and the angle of two frame lines are 45 degree towards the scene of a fire), in the hope of the temperature and the smog in the isolated scene of a fire.
But because above-mentioned survival equipment, the design of nozzle is bad and hydraulic pressure is not enough, can't effectively produce tiny particle water (most particle diameter is more than 500 Kua) and produce enough air-flows, effect with the build-up of pressure difference, therefore only can completely cut off a spot of heat, and even can't completely cut off smog, and when under the too high situation of fire scene temperature and smoke density, bad visibility not only, and temperature is too high and be difficult near above-mentioned survival equipment, people in the scene of a fire will utilize above-mentioned survival equipment to help escape, climbs a tree to seek fish undoubtedly, and its flameproof effect is unsatisfactory.
(3) utility model content
Main purpose of the present utility model is to provide a kind of fire prevention escape device, and it can completely cut off the smog and the temperature in a scene of a fire, and effectively reduces the temperature and the smoke density of close this fire prevention escape device in the scene of a fire, increases the chance of common people's escape.
For achieving the above object, according to the utility model a kind of fire prevention escape device on the one hand, the smog and the temperature that are used for an isolated scene of a fire, it comprises: a plurality of nozzles, it is arranged at one at interval and builds around the thing, in order to spraying a plurality of water under high pressure veils forming one water smoke wall and gas wall, and then can effectively completely cut off this smog and this temperature, and (about 1.5 meters) can effectively suppress smoke density and reduce temperature in the suitable distance of the non-scene of a fire of water smoke wall side in the non-scene of a fire of water smoke wall side; One water system, it is connected in this a plurality of nozzles, in order to the required water yield to be provided; And a pressue device, it is arranged between this water system and this a plurality of nozzles, in order to the hydraulic pressure of this water system of pressurizeing, to form this water under high pressure veil.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this fire prevention escape device also comprises a switch, in order to start this nozzle.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this switch is a manual switch.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this switch is a sense switch.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this sense switch is a temperature sensing switch.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this sense switch is a smoke sensing switch.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this hydraulic pressure size is greater than 60bar.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein the drop size of this water smoke curtain is less than 500 μ m.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein the spray angle scope of this water smoke curtain is greater than 60 degree.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this to build thing be a gateway, this nozzle is arranged at the both sides and the top of this gateway.
According to above-mentioned conception, when wherein this nozzle was arranged at these both sides, gateway, spacing was in the 500mm.
According to above-mentioned conception, when wherein this nozzle was arranged at this top, gateway, spacing was in the 300mm.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein distance can be greater than 1m between these both sides, gateway.
According to above-mentioned conception, the sprinkling direction that wherein is positioned at this nozzle of these both sides, gateway is to be set to press from both sides an angle towards scene of a fire direction and with the plane at this place, gateway.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this angle is 30 degree.
According to above-mentioned conception, the sprinkling direction that wherein is positioned at this nozzle of top, this gateway is to be set to press from both sides an angle towards scene of a fire direction and with the plane at this place, gateway.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this angle is 5 degree.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein be arranged at gateway when top when this nozzle, the sprinkling direction of these a plurality of nozzles can part optionally towards the direction parallel with ceiling, and form the water under high pressure veil of spraying toward scene of a fire direction.
According to above-mentioned conception, this nozzle is to arrange on the water pipe that is arranged at this device top for wire.
According to above-mentioned conception, when wherein this nozzle was arranged on this water pipe, spacing was in the 300mm.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein the maximum length of this wire arrangement can be 150m.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein the sprinkling direction of this nozzle is towards scene of a fire direction, and with this smallpox plate holder one angle.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this angle is to be 85 degree.
According to the utility model a kind of fire prevention escape device on the other hand, be used for smog and temperature isolated and inhibition one scene of a fire, it comprises: a water injection system, it comprises a plurality of nozzles, this nozzle is to be arranged at intervals at one to build around the thing, in order to spraying a plurality of water under high pressure veils forming one waterwall and gas wall, and then isolated this smog and this temperature; And a switch, in order to start this water injection system.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this fire prevention escape device also comprises a water system, and it is to be connected in this water injection system, in order to the required water yield to be provided.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this fire prevention escape device also comprises a pressue device, in order to the hydraulic pressure of this water system of pressurizeing, and forms these a plurality of water under high pressure veils.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this switch is a manual switch.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this switch is a sense switch.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this sense switch is a temperature sensing switch.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this sense switch is a smoke sensing switch.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this hydraulic pressure size is greater than 60bar.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein the drop size of this water smoke curtain is less than 500 μ m.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein the spray angle scope of this water smoke curtain is greater than 60 degree.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this to build thing be a gateway, this nozzle is arranged at the both sides and the top of this gateway.
According to above-mentioned conception, when wherein this nozzle was arranged at these both sides, gateway, spacing was in the 500mm.
According to above-mentioned conception, when wherein this nozzle was arranged at this top, gateway, spacing was in the 300mm.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein distance can be greater than 1m between these both sides, gateway.
According to above-mentioned conception, the sprinkling direction that is positioned at this nozzle of these both sides, gateway is to be set to press from both sides an angle towards scene of a fire direction and with the plane at this place, gateway.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this angle is 30 degree.
According to above-mentioned conception, the sprinkling direction that is positioned at this nozzle of top, this gateway is to be set to press from both sides an angle towards scene of a fire direction and with the plane at this place, gateway.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this angle is 5 degree.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein be arranged at gateway when top when this nozzle, the sprinkling direction of these a plurality of nozzles can part optionally towards the direction parallel with ceiling, and form the water under high pressure veil of spraying toward scene of a fire direction.
According to above-mentioned conception, this nozzle is to arrange on the water pipe that is arranged at this device top for wire.
According to above-mentioned conception, when wherein this nozzle was arranged on this water pipe, spacing was in the 300mm.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein the maximum length of this wire arrangement can be 150m.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein the sprinkling direction of this nozzle is towards scene of a fire direction, and with this smallpox plate holder one angle.
According to above-mentioned conception, wherein this angle is to be 85 degree.
The utility model is by following accompanying drawing and detailed description and can obtain one and more understand in depth:
(5) specific embodiment
See also Fig. 2 (a), it is the fire prevention escape device structure chart for the utility model first preferred embodiment.Shown in Fig. 2 (a), fire prevention escape device of the present utility model, be smog and the temperature that is used for an isolated scene of a fire, it comprises a plurality of nozzles 2, it is the interior on every side water pipe 1 that is arranged at intervals at a gateway, in order to spray a plurality of water under high pressure veils, utilizes the spray pressure of high pressure, drive the pressure differential that air-flow produces the scene of a fire and neighboring region, to form one waterwall and gas wall and then to completely cut off this smog and this temperature; One water system 3, it is to be connected in this a plurality of nozzles 2, in order to the required water yield to be provided; And a force (forcing) pump 4, it is to be arranged between this water system 3 and this a plurality of nozzles 2, in order to the hydraulic pressure of this water system 3 of pressurizeing, to form this water jets under high pressure.Wherein dress water and gases at high pressure (as nitrogen) replace in the also available gas cylinder 42 of water supply installation 3 and force (forcing) pump 4, shown in Fig. 2 (b).This fire prevention escape device also comprises a switch, in order to start this nozzle 2.This switch can be a manual switch 5, or a sense switch 6, but the variation of sensing temperature or smoke density.When wherein this nozzle 2 was arranged at water pipe 1 both sides, its injector spacing was in 500mm, and the nozzle 2 of water pipe 1 top, spacing is in 300mm.And the maximum spacing of these water pipe 1 both sides can reach more than the 1m.In addition, the sprinkling direction of this nozzle 2 of these water pipe 1 both sides is to be set to press from both sides an angle towards scene of a fire direction (direction of arrow 33) and with the plane at this water pipe 1 place, as 30 degree angles.And the sprinkling direction of this nozzle 2 of this water pipe 1 top is to be set to press from both sides an angle towards scene of a fire direction and with the plane at this water pipe 1 place, as 5 degree angles.And when fire takes place; its ceiling can be accumulated a large amount of flue gases usually; and generation high temperature; therefore the sprinkling direction of the nozzle 2 of water pipe top can be partly optionally towards the direction parallel with ceiling; and form toward the water under high pressure veil of scene of a fire direction sprinkling; accumulate in the temperature of the dense smoke gas of ceiling with effective reduction; reduce the danger that causes flash burn in the scene of a fire; and keep apart from this fire prevention escape device certain width in the scene of a fire of this fire prevention escape device side; as 1.5 meters; the safe escape passage, make the device benefit of this fire prevention escape device improve, this puts another main points of new design for this reason.
See also Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 3 (a), it is the nozzle act schematic diagram of known firebreak device, and wherein the spray angle scope of this water smoke curtain 21 is between between 45 to 60 degree, and the hydraulic pressure size that adopts is less than 8bar.And shown in Fig. 3 (b), it is the nozzle act schematic diagram of fire prevention escape device of the present utility model, the spray angle scope of water smoke curtain 21 wherein of the present utility model is for spending greater than 60, can reduce the quantity that nozzle 2 uses, and the hydraulic pressure size that the utility model adopts is greater than 60bar, can make that water droplet 22 sizes in the water smoke curtain 21 are less than 500 μ m, be significantly less than the water droplet 22 of the generation of known nozzle, when the total surface area of water droplet has increased, the ability that absorbs heat also just increases, and therefore can reduce temperature, isolated heat rapidly.And the hydraulic pressure size that the utility model adopts is greater than 60bar, can produce enough pressure differentials in the both sides of this escape device of preventing fires, can make air-flow by the non-scene of a fire effluent of this fire prevention escape device to scene of a fire side, make dense smoke to prolong to non-scene of a fire lateral bine.Because the water droplet 22 that the utility model device produces is less, it is aerial therefore to suspend easily, absorbs more heat in the air.Show according to experiment, when be 700 degree high temperature Celsius in the scene of a fire, after firebreak device of the present utility model is isolated, the temperature outside its scene of a fire even have only 30 to spend.
See also Fig. 4 (a), it is the fire prevention escape device plan structure schematic diagram for the utility model first preferred embodiment.Shown in figure, the utility model is to adopt water under high pressure veil 21, because the fast moving of water particle causes one air-flow identical with the water particle moving direction, and the formation pressure differential, therefore the air of the peripheral neighboring region in the scene of a fire can move toward scene of a fire direction towards water smoke curtain 21 sprinkling directions, as shown in arrow 32, therefore can produce one the gas wall, flow out outside the scene of a fire to stop the smog 31 in the scene of a fire.See also Fig. 4 (b), it is to be known fire prevention escape device plan structure schematic diagram.Shown in figure, because known fire prevention escape device hydraulic pressure is less, the angle of the water pipe 1 of its water smoke curtain and gateway is required to be 45 degree, enough flameproof effects can be provided, and device hydraulic pressure of the present utility model is stronger, the angle of the water pipe 1 of its water smoke curtain and gateway only is required to be 30 degree, just can provide enough flameproof effects.In addition, with the triangle geometrical relationship, under the same hydraulic pressure, because angle of the present utility model is less, so the formed waterwall of the utility model device is contained face greater than conventional devices.The hydraulic pressure that the utility model adopted is much larger than conventional devices still more, and therefore the application surface (being the span of both sides) of fire prevention escape device of the present utility model just improves greatly.
See also Fig. 5, it is to use schematic diagram for one of firebreak device of the present utility model.As shown in Figure 5, firebreak device 7 of the present utility model also can be set up in the ceiling of a train railway platform, and this nozzle is to be that wire is arranged to be provided with, wherein between the nozzle apart from 300mm.And the maximum length of these firebreak device 7 installings can reach 150m.
Please consult Fig. 5 again, when a train 8 took place to burn car, this fire prevention escape device 7 can produce isolated together waterwall and gas wall immediately, in order to completely cut off temperature and the cigarette that this train produces.And the emergency exits 9 of railway platform both sides also can be installed fire prevention escape device of the present utility model, make it can further completely cut off the scene of a fire.See also Fig. 6 (a), and when fire prevention escape device of the present utility model was arranged on the ceiling 10, wherein the spray angle of a water smoke curtain 21 was and smallpox plate holder 85 degree, and the spray angle of another water smoke curtain 21 is parallel with ceiling, as Fig. 6 (b).
In sum, the firebreak device of commonly using is because the hydraulic pressure deficiency, the water droplet that produces greatly too, therefore can't effectively absorb heat, and the smog and the temperature in the obstruct scene of a fire, and owing to accumulate in the dense smoke layer temperature of ceiling too high in the scene of a fire, be easy to cause flash burn, and cause personnel's escape to be difficult for, again by accumulating air-flow and the pressure texture that to destroy the firebreak device of commonly using in the too high swollen turgor pressure power that causes of dense smoke layer temperature of ceiling, cause the puzzlement of the common people on escaping, can't satisfy the security of means of escape and the needs of reliability.And fire prevention escape device of the present utility model not only hydraulic pressure is powerful, the globule that produces is little, heat absorption easily, and drive fresh air moves toward scene of a fire direction because of hydraulic pressure is powerful, can completely cut off the toxic gas in the scene of a fire easily, and the water smoke curtain 21 parallel with ceiling can be effectively reduces temperature effectively and suppresses dense smoke in this fire prevention escape device distance certain toward scene of a fire side direction such as 1.5m, security in the time of also can increasing escape, can overcome the shortcoming of known techniques like this, the much progress of can saying so.