CN2631110Y

CN2631110Y - Brushless DC motor

Info

Publication number: CN2631110Y
Application number: CN 03206268
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王九龙
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-07-29
Filing date: 2003-07-29
Publication date: 2004-08-04
Anticipated expiration: 2013-07-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a brushless dc motor, consists of a stator, rotors, a control box, magnetic poles of the stator are arranged on two ends of the stator, the rotors are provided on two ends of the stator by two flywheels, and is fixed on a motor shaft which penetrates the centers of the stator and the two flywheels, the opposite surfaces of the two flywheels are embedded with a plurality of groups of permanent magnet to be magnetic poles, the force between the stator and the rotors are generated on two ends of the stator, the motor has a high work efficiency, cares nothing for rotating locking, has a wide application scope, a low noise, a small starting current, a simple structure, an easy manufacture, a lower cost, a large torque, a small inertia, a light weight, does not require a position sensor, can change rotating direction easily, has a rapid response, can realize a stepless speed change when rotating at an ultra-low speed or a high speed, has an easy maintenance, a reliable work performance, can frequently change between a positive rotation and a reverse rotation.

Description

Novel brushless DC motor

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of motor, relates to the novel brushless DC motor of industries such as being used for industry, agricultural, military affairs, scientific research, medicine specifically.

Background technology

Present motor is varied, can be divided into alternating current motor and DC motor two big classes substantially.DC motor is divided into again having brushes and brushless two kinds.Advantage such as that AC asynchronous motor has is simple in structure, cost is low, noise is little, but speed governing difficulty.The monopole asynchronous motor starting current is big, efficient is low.Though there is the speed governing of brush DC motor easy, there is noise big, complex structure breaks down easily, shortcomings such as maintenance difficult.Though existing brushless DC motor speed governing is easy, work efficiency is high, noise is little, the control circuit complexity needs position detecting device, uses parts many, high other the former thereby not seen widespread use of cost.

Summary of the invention

It is a kind of simple in structure, with low cost that the utility model purpose is to provide, reliable working performance, efficient height, control circuit is simple relatively, can be used for automatic control, applied range, torque is big, inertia is little, in light weight, be not afraid of stall, do not need position detecting device, easy to manufacture, easy to maintenance, electrodeless variable-speed, it is easy to change motor steering, the novel brushless DC motor that noise is little.

The purpose of this utility model realizes by following scheme:

The structure of this novel brushless DC motor and operation principle and traditional AC-DC motor have basic difference.It is made up of stator, rotor, control box and other annex.Stator axially was fixed on by certain angle on two location-plates by a plurality of being parallel at the coil that twines on the strip iron core (iron core of making on the silicon steel sheet with high magnetic conduction is as magnetic pole of the stator) and two signal coils, was fixed in the stator casing after location-plate is connected by connecting plate again and formed.Rotor is made up of former and later two flywheels that are installed in perpendicular on the motor shaft.The corresponding surface of former and later two flywheels all studs with many group permanent-magnets, and (a main pair is one group, and same group of major-minor pole polarity is opposite, and all main pole polarity are identical on same flywheel, and all secondary magnetic poles are another magnetic pole; Magnetic pole set is with the flywheel five equilibrium, and the structure of two flywheels is identical, but main pole polarity is opposite).Main pole cross section congruence on stator core cross section and the rotor, the number of magnetic poles of rotor all are even number, but unequal, and rotor magnetic pole group number is more than the stator magnet number of poles.Control box is by the ultra-low frequency oscillation circuit, bistable flip-flop circuit, and positive and reverse rotation control circuit, ON-OFF control circuit, electronic speed-regulating circuit is formed.

The signal triggering bistable flip-flop circuit of exporting by the ultra-low frequency oscillation circuit when this novel brushless DC motor energized starts, the signal of bistable flip-flop circuit output is the control switch circuit again, and stator two ends polarity is changed with the signal change of ultra-low frequency oscillation circuit output.Because of the coil in the stator is a mounted in pairs, adjacent two pole polarity are opposite when circuit connects, so just form two annular electro magnetic fields at the stator two ends.Because the front and back flywheel on this rotor is that parallelization is at the stator two ends, can freely rotate, be less than permanent magnet magnetic pole set number on the rotor flywheel because of the stator magnet number of poles again, no matter where epitrochanterian flywheel is parked in, all there is the secondary magnetic pole on the rotor flywheel to exist on the corresponding surface between the stator faces magnetic pole, during the magnetic pole of the stator reversing, rotor is all rotated by certain orientation, eliminated the viscous motion phenomenon when starting, so the main pole on two flywheels under the effect of stator electromagnetic field will be by the corresponding poles attract on the stator to certain position, when the magnetic pole of the stator reversing, originally the rotor magnetic pole of inhaling mutually just becomes repulsion, and aligns with the next magnetic pole that attracts each other.Because the secondary magnetic pole on the flywheel exists, rotor is just pressed angle of certain orientation rotation.In rotor rotation, two signal coils on the permanent magnet induction stator on the flywheel produce the signal of telecommunication, and this signal is handled the positive and negative two kinds of triggering signals of back output through positive and negative rotation circuit.Divide two-way output by needed signal: the one tunnel removes to control the ultra-low frequency oscillation circuit makes its failure of oscillation, avoids that magnetic pole of the stator polarity changes in advance when motor rotation, starts this moment to finish; Another road is removed to trigger bistable flip-flop circuit and is made the circuit upset and change magnetic pole of the stator polarity.Repeat down like this, motor will be by required direction running.As long as change the positive and negative triggering signal of positive and negative control circuit output,, motor can both make it change rotation direction when changing motor steering no matter turning round under what state.The speed governing of this motor realizes by changing supply voltage.

The optimal way of the utility model brushless DC motor: when working owing to this novel brshless DC motor, the rotor active force is on the corresponding surface of stator two ends and rotor flywheel, so increased torque and startup ability.This rotor is in light weight simultaneously, two wheel action power equate, inertia is little, noise is little, magnetic pole of the stator is made up of the bar shaped silicon steel sheet, few and the cost of materials used reduces, in light weight, no position detecting device and make electric machine structure simple, control circuit is simpler than other circuit for controlling motor, has both reduced the electrical equipment cost, has improved the machine operation reliability again.By changing supply voltage, can make motor realize electrodeless variable-speed.Change the positive and negative triggering signal of positive and negative rotation circuit, can make motor no matter at a high speed still at low-speed running the time, can both change and turn to and react fast, can frequently change rotating, the electric energy that control circuit consumed is few and improved the effect of motor.

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further details:

Fig. 1 is the utility model brushless DC motor configurations schematic diagram.

Embodiment

This novel brushless DC motor is by stator, rotor, front end housing 3, rear end cap 19, rolling bearing 2, control box 17 is formed, the strip iron core 7 that said stator is made by four high magnetic conduction silicon steel sheets of usefulness, be tied with coil 8 above, iron core 7 is a magnetic pole of the stator, two signal coils 14, the middle iron core 15 that inserts, be parallel to axially, be fixed on the relevant position on prelocalization plate 12 and the rear position plate 20, two location-plates are again by connecting plate 9, after fixedly becoming one with screw 13, the stator case 18 of packing into is fixed in the stator case with screw 10 and forms.Said rotor forms perpendicular to the preceding flywheel 4 and the rear flywheel 11 of motor shaft 1 by being installed in that (it is one group that front and back flywheel opposite face respectively studs with by main pole 5, secondary magnetic pole 6, same group of six group permanent-magnets that pole polarity is opposite, main pole on each flywheel is a homopolarity, secondary magnetic pole is another utmost point, and magnetic pole set is with the flywheel five equilibrium.Two flywheel structures are identical, but main pole polarity is opposite, and when two flywheels were installed on the motor shaft, the main pole of two flywheels was relative, and secondary magnetic pole is relative).Main pole 5 cross sections on the flywheel and magnetic pole of the stator 7 cross section congruences.Said control box 17 inside are made up of ultra-low frequency oscillation circuit, positive and reverse rotation control circuit, bistable flip-flop circuit, switching circuit and electronic voltage regulating circuit, the parts of said each several part are installed to together, just become a novel brushless DC motor.

When this novel brushless DC motor energized starts, signal triggering bistable flip-flop circuit by the output of the ultra-low frequency oscillation circuit of 17 li of control boxes, the signal of bistable flip-flop circuit output is the control switch circuit again, and iron core 7 polarity that make 8 li of four coils on the stator change with the signal change of ultra-low frequency oscillation circuit output.Because of four coils 8 in the stator when circuit connects, two adjacent coils are reversal connections, so form an annular electro magnetic field with regard to each at the stator two ends, because the preceding flywheel 4 of rotor and rear flywheel 11 are to be placed in the stator two ends on the motor shaft that is fixed on by stator center can freely rotate, be less than epitrochanterian magnetic pole set number because of the stator magnet number of poles again, no matter where epitrochanterian flywheel is parked in, always there is secondary magnetic pole 6 to exist between the magnetic pole of the end face at stator two ends, during the magnetic pole of the stator reversing, rotor is rotated by certain orientation, eliminated the viscous motion phenomenon when starting.So, under the effect of stator electromagnetic field, the main pole of two flywheels will be attracted to certain position by the respective poles on the stator, when stator poles sexually revises, originally the magnetic pole of inhaling mutually just becomes repulsion, and align with the next magnetic pole that attracts each other, because secondary magnetic pole exists, flywheel is just by a certain orientation rotation angle (angular dimension is the angle between adjacent two main poles on the flywheel), when flywheel rotates, two signal coils 14 produce the signal of telecommunication on the major-minor magnetic pole induction stator on the flywheel, and this signal is exported positive and negative two kinds of triggering signals after the positive and reverse rotation control circuit of 17 li of control boxes is handled.Said positive and negative triggering signal, be exactly in fact control two on the flywheel main pole and magnetic pole of the stator during where magnetic pole of the stator change the required triggering signal of polarity.Stator changed pole polarity when this motor was the position of magnetic pole that main pole is inhaled on just above stator mutually when flywheel rotates, and making flywheel continue down to rotate required signal is positive signal; And the main pole on the flywheel does not arrive and inhales the position mutually, and it is negative signal toward the required signal of back rotation just that the magnetic pole of the stator reversing makes flywheel.Divide two-way output by required signal (ground is gone in the unwanted signal short circuit), one tunnel control ultra-low frequency oscillation circuit makes its failure of oscillation, avoid motor when rotated magnetic pole of the stator polarity change in advance, start this moment and finish; Bistable flip-flop circuit is removed to trigger in another road, make its upset remove the control switch circuit, make magnetic pole of the stator change polarity, repeat down like this, rotor will continue change by certain orientation, in the time of changing rotor and turn to, as long as change the positive and negative triggering signal that positive and reverse rotation control circuit is exported, no matter motor turns round under what state, can both make it change direction.The electronic voltage regulating circuit of controlling 17 li of control boxes when changing motor speed changes supply voltage, changes motor speed, thereby realizes the electrodeless variable-speed of motor.

Claims

1, a kind of novel brushless motor comprises that stator, rotor, control box (17), front end housing (3), rear end cap (19), rolling bearing (2) is characterized in that: said stator is made magnetic pole of the stator by a plurality of strip iron cores (7), each is tied with coil (8) and two strip iron cores (15) above the iron core, each strip iron core is tied with that signal coil (14) that lead makes is parallel together to be fixed on stator case (18) inwall by certain angle with stator shaft orientation.

2, novel brushless DC motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that rotor is distributed in the stator two ends by preceding flywheel (4) and rear flywheel (11), be fixed on the motor shaft (1) that passes stator center and two flywheel centers, stud with simultaneously main pole (5) secondary magnetic pole (6) on the corresponding surface of two flywheels and be many group permanent-magnets of one group.

3, it is characterized in that according to the described novel brushless DC motor of claim 1～2: motor in the running the interaction force of stator and rotor at the stator two ends.