CN2557991Y - Universal automatic controller - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is an all-purpose automatic controller which detects, controls and displays multiple sensor signals. The utility model comprises circuits for AC power supply control, stabilized voltage supply, trigger control, function conversion, functional mode display, functional mode detection and alarm. The core circuit includes a Schmitt trigger circuit composed of two NE555 time base circuits and a voltage comparator circuit composed of two LM324 four-purpose operational amplifier integrated circuits. The utility model can automatically control, display and give an alarm on various water conditions, travel switch conditions, acousto-optic degree, temperature, humidity, water pressure, oil pressure, air pressure, timing and delaying only through one single-core screening wire to transmit the to-be-detected signals to the input end of the trigger circuit and the common input end of the comparator circuit. The utility model has the advantages of simple circuit assembly; flexible purpose conversion; easy production; low cost; high anti-jamming capacity; high reliability; simple, convenient and quick installation, debugging, disassembly, maintenance and conversion; wide application range; and high universality.

Description

The general-purpose self-actuated controller

Technical field the utility model be a kind of to multiple transducing signal detect, control, the controller of demonstration etc.

The now existing multifunctional automatic controllers of background technology, and applied for patent, as " multifunctional automatic controller " (patent No. 90204428), it adopts with time base circuit NE555 is the trigger flip-flop that main body constitutes, the control input end water receiving position signal sensor or the illuminance signal sensor of trigger flip-flop.There is following problem in it: it still presses traditional approach, adopts the transmission mode of three electrodes, and only is provided with the bound water level, and water level keeps relying on the contact of J, has the failure rate factor that increases.Simultaneously, in parallel, change, flexible other purposes such as light, sound, pressure, temperature sensitive, wet quick, regularly, time-delay or the like senser element, the one, can not reliably, simply transmit connection, the 2nd, can not show to be detected the residing duty of signal.

Two, only adopt the NE555 trigger flip-flop, its circuit is subject to outer pulsing circuit and disturbs, or owing to adopting three interference that line is subjected to, make time base circuit sensitivity reduce, overturn ineffective, can't effectively control, three, do not have status display circuit, warning circuit, be unfavorable for visual supervisory control.

" distant signal collector " (patent No. 93237516.2), it mainly comprises signal transmitting device and signal converter two parts, connects by the single core cable line between two parts.There is following problem in it:

1, is a signal picker;

2, detectable signal is not direct transmission, but has adopted the change-over circuit of complicated V--f modulation and demodulation, be subject to disturb, and the cost height, debugging, maintenance inconvenience, versatility is poor;

3, can not adaptive senser element widely.

The summary of the invention the purpose of this utility model is at above-mentioned present situation, aim to provide single-core shielding line of a kind of usefulness, transmit detected signal to the input end of trigger circuit and the in-phase end of comparator circuit, just can be directly to signals such as water level control automatically, function conversion, the general-purpose self-actuated controller that shows and report to the police.The controller strong interference immunity, reliability height, applied range, highly versatile.

The implementation of the purpose of this utility model is that the general-purpose self-actuated controller includes AC power control circuit, voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, trigger control circuit, functional mapping circuit, duty display circuit, Working state checking circuit and warning circuit.

Wherein voltage-stabilized power supply circuit AC220V civil power is 16v through transformer By step-down, round bridge rectifier QZ rectification, capacitor C ₁, C ₃Filtering, trifocal integrated package of pressure-stabilizing IC1 (L7812) voltage stabilizing is the DC12V direct-current working volts,

Trigger control circuit is by respectively to J ₁And J ₂The IC that controls ₂(NE555), resistance R ₄, R ₁₂, R ₁₃, capacitor C ₁₀And IC ₃(NE555), resistance R ₇, R ₁₄, R ₁₅, capacitor C ₁₁Two groups of bi-stable type Schmitt trigger circuits forming, IC ₂Or IC ₃2 pin and 6 pin are common input end of trigger pip voltage, 3 pin are output terminals,

The functional mapping circuit is by IC ₂With IC ₃(NE555), the touch-switch KH-1 of Lian Jieing, diode D ₃, resistance R ₄, R ₇, triode BG ₄Form,

The duty display circuit is by IC ₄(LM324), IC ₅(LM324) form resistance R ₁₆-R ₂₀And resistance R ₂₃-R ₂₇Be respectively IC ₄, IC ₅The voltage ratio of inverting input directly inserts IC than divider resistance after four in-phase end parallel connections of every amplifier integrated circuit ₂, IC ₃Trigger relative trigger input end, resistance R ₂₈-R ₃₃With diode D ₆-D ₁₇, LED ₆-LED ₉And LED _10-LED ₁₃The triggering level display circuit of forming detected current potential or trigger, LED ₁, resistance R ₅, LED ₂, resistance R ₁₀And LED ₃, resistance R ₉, LED ₄, resistance R ₁₁Be respectively IC ₂, IC ₃The indicating circuit of output high-low level, LED ₅, resistance R ₈, touch-switch KH-2 composition function transition state display circuit,

Duty detects the input translation circuit by DW ₁, resistance R ₁, touch-switch KQ ₁, KQ ₂, transmission line connector CT ₁, CT ₂, QA, TA, resistance R ₃₄, R ₃₅, R ₃₆, transmission line connector CS ₁～CS ₄Form CT ₁, CT ₂, QA, TA, CS ₁～CS ₄And R ₃₄, R ₃₅, R ₃₆Be arranged on and detect among the transducer RV,

Warning circuit is by musical film integrated circuit (IC) y, hummer FM, triode BG ₂, capacitor C ₇-C ₉Form.

With reference to accompanying drawing 1,2, the utility model partly is made up of AC power control circuit, voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, trigger control circuit, functional mapping circuit, duty display circuit, Working state checking circuit, warning circuit etc.The action principle division of each several part circuit elements device in circuitry is as follows:

The AC power control circuit is in order to make installation, demolition, maintenance etc. convenient and swift, and is flexible and changeable in the utilization, and the utility model all is set to plug-in type with the mode of power supply input, output.CZ ₀Be the general supply socket.CZ ₁, CZ ₂Be the load socket of power supply output, its power supply obtains to be subjected to respectively J ₁And J ₂Control.J ₁, J ₂(relay) can work in J under the effect of control circuit ₁Adhesive discharge (break-make) J that links ₂Release adhesive (open close) and be independent of each other, respectively two class working methods such as functional requirement action are set by each.R _LFor power supply is imported total fuse cutout.

Trigger control circuit the utility model is selected for use by two time base circuit IC ₂(NE555), IC ₃(NE555) etc. element is that main two groups of bi-stable type Schmitt trigger circuits forming are respectively to J ₁And J ₂Control.IC ₂Or IC ₃2 pin and 6 pin are common input end of trigger pip voltage, 3 pin are output terminals.When input terminal voltage≤1/3VCC (set voltage), the Q of corresponding trigger end output noble potential, J ₁Or J ₂Adhesive, contacting.So far, as long as input terminal voltage keeps its electronegative potential or voltage to be no more than 2/3VCC (resetting voltage) and general reset end (IC ₂Or IC ₃4 pin) keep noble potential, then the Q end keeps its noble potential stable state situation.If during input terminal voltage 〉=2/3VCC (resetting voltage), 3 pin of corresponding trigger output electronegative potential, J ₁Or J ₂Discharge, its contact disconnects.So far, as long as keep its noble potential or return falling voltage and being not less than set voltage, then keep its this kind stable state situation.If the general reset end is inserted electronegative potential (about 0V), no matter then input end is in which kind of current potential, the output terminal of corresponding IC output electronegative potential.

Functional mapping circuit functional mapping circuit of the present utility model is the control circuit of one group of interlock and transfer actually.When KH-1 is in closed condition, IC ₂3 pin output noble potential the time, BG ₄Conducting, IC ₃The general reset end clamped down in electronegative potential, though input end in which kind of current potential, output all will keep electronegative potential.That is to say J ₁Adhesive, J ₂Release, J ₁Discharge J ₂Work by the independent operating mode.When KH-1 was in the shutoff situation, its duty was respectively executed in two groups of Schmitt trigger circuit mutually noninterferes.Make the utility model flexible.

Duty display circuit the utility model has adopted dependable performance, cheap LM324 (IC ₄, IC ₅) the four high guaily unit integrated circuit, respectively to IC ₂, IC ₃The displacement of Schmidt trigger evoked potential mobile status is monitored.Only need a single-core shielding line to get final product.IC ₄, IC ₅Be set at the voltage comparator duty, utilize the height drive diode displaying of its output level bright dark, reflect the residing duty of detected facility.And the height of this output level also can be used as the signal level of automatic monitoring.R among Fig. 2 ₁₆-R ₂₀And R ₂₃-R ₂₇Be respectively IC ₄, IC ₅The voltage ratio of two four high guaily unit integrated circuit inverting inputs directly inserts IC than divider resistance after four in-phase end parallel connections of every amplifier integrated circuit ₂, IC ₃Trigger relative trigger input end.R ₂₈-R ₃₃And D ₆-D ₁₇Deng element mainly is to be LED ₆-LED ₉And LED ₁₀-LED ₁₂Single limit show and reduce Overall Power Consumption and be provided with.For example: during the triggering level of detected current potential or trigger＞2/3VCC voltage, display circuit is not all to light in order, but LED ₉Or LED ₁₃Light LED ₆-LED ₁₂Do not worked by locking in regular turn.Adopt this circuit, just eliminated the power consumption of 6 light emitting diodes when bright.R ₂₈-R ₃₃And D ₆-D ₁₇All can not be provided with Deng element.R ₂₁, R ₂₂Be IC ₄, IC ₅The current-limiting resistance of display circuit light emitting diode.C ₁₀-C ₁₃Be for preventing the shunt capacitance of the misoperation that external disturbance causes, C ₁₄, C ₁₅Be the electric capacity that quivers that the fast-pulse level is disappeared.LED ₁, R ₅, LED ₂, R ₁₀And LED ₃, R ₉, LED ₄, R ₁₁Be respectively IC Deng element ₂, IC ₃The indicating circuit of integrated circuit output high-low level, LED ₅, R ₈, composition function transition state display circuit such as KH-2.

Duty detects input translation circuit DW ₁, R ₁Mainly be to be IC ₂With IC ₄And IC ₃With IC ₅Can always work in normal accurate match state and be provided with, can also play relative corrective action to the maximum input impedance that triggers resistance simultaneously.KQ ₁, KQ ₂Be touch-switch, be arranged on the automatic controller, when not inserting other detection input circuit, both can be used as the no-load test switch, also can be used as exchanging the shutdown switch that manually boots of output load.RV (detection transducer) is arranged on needs detected facility other (by water tank), QA, TA to be respectively the contact button that the other manually test of machine is opened and stopped, CT ₁, CT ₂, CS ₁-CS ₄Be the connector of transmission line, R ₃₄-R ₃₆For detecting resistance.Adopt the design, it is single to make the detection conduction lay circuit, set up an office arbitrarily, reliable working performance, purposes is changeful, adjusts easily, and Adapter Property is strong, it is extremely low to set up the required cost of purposes, can adapt to extremely widely water level, irrigation and drainage, hydraulic pressure, oil pressure, air pressure, stroke, photosensitive, magnetosensitive, temperature, humidity, speed, regularly, time-delay, the senser element of reporting to the police or the like, requiredly reach flexible detection and make the relevant occasion of control automatically.

The warning circuit warning circuit is worked when the facility setting reaches the limit of.In order to reduce complete machine quiescent dissipation and integrated cost, ICy is required+and the 3V direct supply adopted by BG ₁, R ₂, DW ₂, C ₅, C ₆Emitter follower mu balanced circuit Deng the element formation.The trigger pip of ICy is through C ₈, C ₉Trigger isolation capacitance from

The place obtains with the  contact.C ₇Effect mainly be improve to trigger performance.Its course of work is: IC ₄, IC ₆The every output high level of upper limit comparer once, then warning circuit is triggered once, stops automatically after playing a piece of music.

The utility model is only used a single-core shielding line, transmit detected signal to the input end of trigger circuit and the in-phase end of comparator circuit, just can be directly to various water conditions, travel switch situation, acousto-optic degree, temperature, humidity, hydraulic pressure, oil pressure, air pressure, regularly, time-delay or the like controls automatically, shows, alarms.The utility model circuit arrangement is simple, and the purposes conversion is flexible, makes easily, and cost is low, strong interference immunity, the reliability height, install, debugging, dismounting, safeguard, the conversion purposes is simple, convenient, fast, applied range, highly versatile.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1---the utility model circuit block diagram

Fig. 2---the utility model electrical schematic diagram

Fig. 3---detect transducer RV electrical schematic diagram

Fig. 4---the utility model only can be in many places starts and stops the control linkage electrical schematic diagram to one or two All-China Federation of Taiwan Compatriots's motivations electricity facilities with a single core strip line

Fig. 5---photoresistance, photosensitive three-reporting pipe, magnetosensitive switch, thermo-sensitive resistor, hygristor, speed relay, acoustic control, regularly, sensors such as time-delay, electric contact humidity, air pressure, hydraulic pressure, oil pressure connect electrical schematic diagram

Fig. 6---the utility model is used for regularly, delay capacitor configuration electrical schematic diagram

Embodiment

Enumerate the utility model Application Example below:

Example 1: two water level Automatic Control, demonstration, alarm.

Operating environment condition: insufficient water sources but water is intermittently arranged or the very little water yield;

Require: the Automatic Control that from the water storage box to the supply tank, realizes the tap water no supervision.

With reference to Fig. 2, set CZ ₁The solenoid valve of control retaining, CZ ₂The single-phase pump motor of water in the control, functional switch is in closure state (LED ₅Bright), transmission line two ends are loaded onto the CT that inserts respectively behind the plug on automatic controller and other (by the water tank) RV propagation and transformation of the machine device ₁And CT ₂On the socket, water level is provided with I, II, III, IV shelves, and corresponding input end level is respectively: 3.12V, 4.72V, 6.32V, 7.92V) after control loop obtains the DC12V direct-current working volts from mu balanced circuit, if the water level in two water tanks all is lower than the I shelves. IC then ₂, IC ₃Trigger input end current potential is in (R ₁₃/ R ₁₂+ R ₁₃) * DCl2V＜1/3DCl2V and (R ₁₄/ R ₁₄+ R ₁₅The state of) * DCl2V＜1/3DCl2V=2.59V＜4V, IC ₂, IC ₃All satisfy the first condition that trigger circuit are set, but since the interlock circuit to IC ₃Clamping action, can only J ₁Adhesive, solenoid valve gets electric, and valve opening enters the retaining state; J ₂Discharge, the pump motor of last water quits work, and has eliminated the factor that the charging pump machine burns because of lack of water idle running.When reserve-water-level reached I shelves water level, VT voltage was through water resistance (about 3K Ω-15K Ω), detection resistance R ₃₄-R ₃₆, QA, CT ₁, transmission line arrives IC in the automatic controller ₂Trigger and IC ₄The common input end A point of voltage comparator, it detects voltage and is about 4.3V.This voltage＜2/3DC12V (reset level) and＞3.12V (following comparer inverting input level), J ₁Keep attracting state, lower limit comparer output noble potential, LED6 lights, and the expression retaining has reached I shelves water level.When water level arrived II shelves, III shelves water level, its principle of work and I shelves were similar.

When water level arrived IV shelves water level, VT voltage was through water resistance, QA, CT ₁, transmission line and R ₁₂With R ₁₃Heavy constituent pressure ratio again, it detects voltage＞7.92V (upper limit comparer inverting input level), satisfies the condition of the corresponding control level of circuit upset output.Simultaneously, the high level of upper limit comparer output is through D ₁, R ₃, BG ₃Deng element with IC ₂General reset end clamper in electronegative potential, force IC ₂Certain output electronegative potential, J ₁Discharge, stop retaining, warning circuit is triggered, and it is full to inform that people's water has held.Simultaneously, BG ₄Therefore do not have base current and eliminated IC ₃Clamping action, IC ₃The output high level, J ₂Adhesive, the charging pump motor gets electric operation, begins from water storage box to the upper water box water filling, and its stopped process and retaining control procedure are similar.After this, this circuit goes round and begins again by each cistern water level rise and fall situation, and automatically keyholed back plate the operation of retaining and last water.

If only be used for water or irrigate control automatically, then only need RV is inserted CT ₁Or CT ₂, CZ is inserted in load ₁Or CZ ₂Get final product.That is to say that the utility model can put water to two simultaneously or irrigates dynamo-electric facility and carry out Automatic Control.If be used for drainage, then only need RV is inserted CT to various water conditions ₁, CZ is inserted in load ₂, press KH and make KH-1 be in closure (linkage status) to get final product.If bearing power＞1KW＜7.5KW or need three-phase alternating-current supply then only need CZ in the JWH-1A automatic controller ₁Or CZ ₂Output remove to control a CJ ₂₀The interchange of-16A～40A is pressed tentaculum and is got final product.If bearing power＞7.5KW～300KW also can be with CZ of the present utility model ₁Or CZ ₂Output remove to control the supporting starter box of such load facility, the interstage exchange relay in the cabinet.

Example 2 light, sound, temperature, wet, magnetic, pressure, regularly, control automatically such as time-delay

With reference to Fig. 5, photoresistance GR, phototriode BG, thermo-sensitive resistor NT, hygristor SR, the quick switch S K of sound, decide components and parts such as delay capacitor C, insert the CT on the utility model or the RV detection transducer ₁Or CT ₂On the socket, just can realize corresponding Automatic Control.Components and parts such as magnetosensitive switch CM, speed relay SJ, electric jointing temp meter JD-T, electric contact rain glass JD-Q, electric contact water pressure gauge JD-S and electric contact oil pressure gauge JD-Y directly apply in this circuit, will obtain satisfied automatic control effect.Its principle of automatic control is through change resistance back or directly through CS with VT (detection voltage) ₄, QA, CT ₁Or CT ₂Be transported to the common input end of Schmidt trigger and voltage comparator, then load controlled.

Example 3:, just can be same set of or the dynamo-electric facility that links be started and stop to control at hundreds of places only with a single-core shielding line

Fig. 4 is the wiring electrical schematic diagram.From Fig. 4 as seen, the RV at each reference mark (detection transducer) is that polyphone is laid, and VT (detection voltage) is through R ₃₆, R ₃₅, R ₃₄, RV ₁-n → RV _1-1Directly transfer point to A.During start back standby, A point current potential press intrinsic standoff ratio calculating＞4.5V＞

DC12V, IC ₂Be in reset mode, its 3 pin (Q end) output electronegative potential, J ₁Stop CZ ₁AC-less power output.During QA on pressing arbitrary reference mark RV, A point current potential reduce to immediately 2.59V＜ DC12V, IC ₂Be set its Q end output high level, J ₁Adhesive, CZ ₁Power to the load and keep its stable state.During TA on pressing arbitrary reference mark RV, VT+10V voltage directly through certain section QA transfer to the A point＞

DC12V (resetting voltage), IC ₂Circuit is reset, IC ₂Q end output electronegative potential, J ₁Discharge CZ ₁Outage.

Example 4: regularly, delay capacitor configuration and automatic control using method thereof

Fig. 6 comes down to a monostable type timing circuit.The plug of the capacitor C of will packing into inserts CS ₄Socket promptly can be used as time switch, also is used as delay switch, and its charging rate theoretical value is td=1.1R13C.Connect circuit power, insert capacitor C moment, according to the inherent characteristic that the electric capacity both end voltage can not be suddenlyd change, A point current potential approximate VT voltage+10＞ DC12V (resetting voltage), IC ₂Q end output electronegative potential.When the capacitor C both end voltage after charge circuit acquires a certain degree, that is: A point current potential drop to＜ During DC12V (set voltage), IC ₂Q end output high-order, J ₁Adhesive, CZ ₁Power to the load, stable state finishes temporarily.Click TA, time-delay restarts.With reference to the configuration of Fig. 6, in practicality,, then only need load plug is inserted CZ if be used for timing to the load transmission of electric energy ₁On.If be used for the time-delay closing load power source, only need press the KH switch, CZ is inserted in load ₂Go up and get final product.

Claims (1)

1, general-purpose self-actuated controller is characterized in that including AC power control circuit, voltage-stabilized power supply circuit, trigger control circuit, functional mapping circuit, duty display circuit, Working state checking circuit and warning circuit,

Wherein voltage-stabilized power supply circuit AC220V civil power is 16v through transformer By step-down, round bridge rectifier QZ rectification, capacitor C ₁, C ₃Filtering, trifocal integrated package of pressure-stabilizing IC1 (L7812) voltage stabilizing is the DC12V direct-current working volts,

Trigger control circuit is by respectively to J ₁And J ₂The IC that controls ₂(NE555), resistance R ₄, R ₁₂, R ₁₃, capacitor C ₁₀And IC ₃(NE555), resistance R ₇, R ₁₄, R ₁₅, capacitor C ₁₁Two groups of bi-stable type Schmitt trigger circuits forming, IC ₂Or IC ₃2 pin and 6 pin are common input end of trigger pip voltage, 3 pin are output terminals,

The functional mapping circuit is by IC ₂With IC ₃(NE555), the touch-switch KH-1 of Lian Jieing, diode D ₃, resistance R ₆, R ₇, triode BG ₄Form,

The duty display circuit is by IC ₄(LM324), IC ₅(LM324) form resistance R ₁₆-R ₂₀And resistance R ₂₃-R ₂₇Be respectively IC ₄, IC ₅The voltage ratio of inverting input directly inserts IC than divider resistance after four in-phase end parallel connections of every amplifier integrated circuit ₂, IC ₃Trigger relative trigger input end, resistance R ₂₈-R ₃₃With diode D ₆-D ₁₇, LED ₆-LED ₉And LED ₁₀-LED ₁₅The triggering level display circuit of forming detected current potential or trigger, LED ₁, resistance R ₅, LED ₂, resistance R ₁₀And LED ₃, resistance R ₉, LED ₄, resistance R ₁₁Be respectively IC ₂, IC ₃The indicating circuit of output high-low level, LED ₅, resistance R ₈, touch-switch KH-2 composition function transition state display circuit,

Duty detects the input translation circuit by DW ₁, resistance R ₁, touch-switch KQ ₁, KQ ₂, transmission line connector CT ₁, CT ₂, QA, TA, resistance R ₃₄, R ₃₅, R ₃₆, transmission line connector CS ₁～CS ₄Form CT ₁, CT ₂, QA, TA, CS ₁～CS ₄And R ₃₄, R ₃₅, R ₃₆Be arranged on and detect among the transducer RV,

Warning circuit is by musical film integrated circuit (IC) y, hummer FM, triode BG ₂, capacitor C ₇-C ₉Form.

Images