CN2531176Y

CN2531176Y - Friction driven buncher

Info

Publication number: CN2531176Y
Application number: CN 02221636
Authority: CN
Inventors: 江从寿
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-02-09
Filing date: 2002-02-09
Publication date: 2003-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2012-02-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to a friction driven stepless speed changer which is characterized in that an oil pump 2 in a stepless speed changer mechanism is fixed in a front box body 28, and a gear 3 is sheathed on an input shaft 1 which passes through the oil pump 2. The gear 3 is engaged with a front double connection gear 4 sheathed on a pin shaft 22, the front double connection 4 is engaged with a gear 5 on an axle shaft 7 simultaneously, and the other head of the axle shaft 7 is in a conical contour of which the male cone is frequently contacted with the inner cone surface of a driven shaft 9 of which the other end is provided with a gear 21. The driven shaft 9 is supported in a bearing sleeve 10 by a hydrostatic bearing, an external spline of the bearing sleeve 10 is matched with an inside spline of a bearing housing 12, the bearing housing 12 is fixed in a rear box body 27, and an oil cylinder 11 is arranged between the bearing housing 12 and the bearing sleeve 10. The axle shaft 7 is supported in a connecting rod 6 by the hydrostatic bearing, the connecting rod 6 is emptily sheathed on the pin shaft 22, and a sector gear on the connecting rod is engaged with an endless screw 8. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, low cost, small stress force of the contact point, and high transmission efficiency, and can implement the automatic and smooth stepless speed change of an automobile.

Description

The stepless speed variator of friction driving

One. technical field:

The utility model relates to a kind of speed changer, especially the stepless speed variator of friction driving.

Two. background technique:

At present, the automatic transmission on the various automobiles that everybody was familiar with mainly contains following several types:

1. the speed changer formed of fluid torque converter and a plurality of epicyclic train and a plurality of wet slice clutch.This mechanism is the gear that generally adopts on the present automobile, and its reliable performance is handled steadily, but complex structure, volume is big, the manufacture cost height, and transmission efficiency is low, maintenance difficult.

2. electronic control changes the mechanical step change transmission of gear automatically.This mechanism structure is simple, low cost of manufacture, and the transmission efficiency height, but can not realize the speed change of continuous stepless.

3. two speed changers that the flexible steel band transmission is set between can the V-type belt wheel of folding.This mechanism structure is simple, the transmission efficiency height, but high especially to the material and the manufacturing technology requirement of steel band, so manufacture cost is still higher.

4. the fricting transmissioning mode speed changer that contacts with male cone (strobilus masculinus) with male cone (strobilus masculinus).This mode will reach transmits certain power and moment of torsion, and the contact stress on its point of contact is excessive, is difficult to realize the stepless change of automobile.

Three. summary of the invention:

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of friction transmision stepless speed-variator that is applicable on the automobile, by changing the structure of existing speed changer, solve existing automotive transmission complex structure, volume is big, the manufacture cost height, transmission efficiency is low, and point of contact stress is big, is difficult to realize the problem of automobile automatic stepless speed change.

Concrete scheme of the present utility model is: comprise stepless speed changing mechanism, overrunning clutch, gearshift, hydraulic pressure installation and electronic controller, it is characterized in that: the oil pump in the A. stepless speed changing mechanism is fixed in the preceding casing, pass on the input shaft of oil pump and be set with gear, gear and the empty preceding doubly-linked gear engagement that is enclosed within on the bearing pin, before the doubly-linked gear simultaneously with driving shaft on gear engagement, the driving shaft other end is taper, its male cone (strobilus masculinus) often contacts with the inner conical surface of driven axle, and the driven axle the other end is a gear; B. driven axle is supported in the bearing housing by hydrostatic bearing, and the external splines of bearing housing cooperates with the internal spline of bearing shell, and the bearing shell is fixed in the rear box, is provided with oil cylinder between it and the bearing housing; C. driving shaft is supported in the connecting rod by hydrostatic bearing, and the connecting rod sky is enclosed within on the bearing pin, and bearing pin equates that with distance of shaft centers between input shaft and the driving shaft be fixed in tooth sector and worm meshing on the connecting rod, worm screw is connected on the motor.

Adopt such scheme, simple in structure, volume is little, low cost of manufacture; Owing to be that male cone (strobilus masculinus) contacts with inner conical surface, so its point of contact place stress reduces, and the transmission efficiency height can be realized the stepless change of automobile automatic smoothing.

Four. description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the present utility model, and it is the state of automobile when being in high speed;

Fig. 2 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the C-C sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the utility model hydraulic work system schematic representation;

Fig. 6 is an automatically controlled structure of relief valve schematic representation among Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a proportional control valve structural representation among Fig. 5.

Five. embodiment:

Please see Figure 1, Fig. 2, the utility model transmission system mainly is made up of input shaft 1, oil pump 2, gear 3, preceding doubly-linked gear 4, driving shaft gear 5, connecting rod 6, driving shaft 7, worm screw 8, driven axle 9, bearing housing 10, oil cylinder 11, bearing shell 12, overrunning clutch 13, helical gear 17, bearing pin 22, motor 23, universal-joint fork 25, gearshift mechanism 26, rear box 27, preceding casing 28, eccentric wheel 42 etc.Wherein overrunning clutch 13 is arranged on the driven axle 9, casing 28 before rear box 27 1 ends connect, the other end connects gearshift 26, be set with helical gear 17 and universal-joint fork 25 on the output shaft 16 of gearshift 26, structure outline of the present utility model is: the oil pump 2 in the A. stepless speed changing mechanism is fixed in the preceding casing 28, pass on the input shaft 1 of oil pump 2 and be set with gear 3, gear 3 and empty preceding doubly-linked gear 4 engagements that are enclosed within on the bearing pin 22, before doubly-linked gear 4 simultaneously with driving shaft 7 on gear 5 engagements, driving shaft 7 other ends are tapers, its male cone (strobilus masculinus) often contacts with the inner conical surface of driven axle 9, and driven axle 9 the other ends are gears 21; B. driven axle 9 is supported in the bearing housing 10 by hydrostatic bearing, and the external splines of bearing housing 10 cooperates with the internal spline of bearing shell 12, and bearing shell 12 is fixed in the rear box 27, is provided with oil cylinder 11 between it and the bearing housing 10; C. driving shaft 7 is supported in the connecting rod 6 by hydrostatic bearing, and connecting rod 6 skies are enclosed within on the bearing pin 22, and bearing pin 22 equates with distance of shaft centers between input shaft 1 and the driving shaft 7, is fixed in tooth sector and worm screw 8 engagements on the connecting rod 6, and worm screw 8 is connected on the motor 23.

Please see Figure 1: be connected with eccentric wheel 42 on the input shaft 1 in the oil pump 2, the external cylindrical surface of eccentric wheel 42 contacts with the plunger of oil pump 2.

Please see Figure 1: in the oil cylinder 11 belleville spring is installed.

As Fig. 1, shown in Figure 4: gearshift 26 is made up of back doubly-linked gear 14, bearing pin 15, output shaft 16, bearing pin 18, reverse gear 19, slide block gear 20 and gear 21.The gear 21 that is arranged on the driven axle 9 often meshes with the empty spool gear that is enclosed within the back doubly-linked gear 14 on the bearing pin 15, the short gear of back doubly-linked gear 14 and reverse gear 19 often mesh, one end stretches on the output shaft 16 in the gear 21 has slide block gear 20 through the spline kink, and slide block gear 20 meshes with the long tooth of back doubly-linked gear 14 or with reverse gear 19.

As shown in Figure 3: overrunning clutch is made up of driven axle 9, bearing housing 10, revolution spring 24, roller 29.Be evenly equipped with the wedge groove on the driven axle 9, be provided with roller 29 between the wedge groove working plane of the inner cylindrical surface of bearing housing 10 and driven axle 9, the big end of wedge groove is equipped with revolution spring 24.

Please see Figure shown in 5: hydraulic pressure installation is by oil sump 30, oil pump 2, automatically controlled relief valve 31, proportional pressure-reducing valve 32, oil cylinder 11, throttle orifice, pressure chamber and oil pipe line are formed, oil pump 2 outlets that are arranged in the oil sump 30 are connected with automatically controlled relief valve 31 and proportional pressure-reducing valve 32, automatically controlled relief valve 31 and proportional pressure-reducing valve 32 one is connected connecting rod 6 through end face guiding gutter 34, be provided with the branch road that leads to radial pressure chamber 35 and end force chamber 37 in the connecting rod 6, radial pressure chamber 35 and end force chamber 37 are arranged on the connecting rod 6, wherein are respectively arranged with throttle orifice 36 on radial pressure chamber 35 and the axial pressure chamber 37; The other end of proportional pressure-reducing valve 32 connects oil cylinder 11, and oil cylinder 11 is connected on the bearing housing 10 of driven axle 9 axial pressure chamber 38 and radial pressure chamber 40 accordingly with 41 through throttle orifice 39; The other end of automatically controlled relief valve 31 communicates with oil sump 30.

Also can be found out by Fig. 5: hydrostatic bearing is a kind of separation layer that is formed between the end face of axial axis trepanning and cylndrical surface by the pressure oil in the hydraulic pressure installation, makes the end face of the end face of axle and external cylindrical surface and axle sleeve hole and inner cylindrical surface that direct contact the between the metal do not taken place.

Please see Figure 6: automatically controlled relief valve 31 is made up of valve body 50, armature 51, coil 52, little overflow hole 53, piston 54, throttle orifice 55, big overflow hole 56, inlet 57, passage 58, spring 59, outlet 60.The tip that is provided with coil 52, armature 51 in the epicoele of valve body 50 is passed coil 52 backs and is inserted in the little overflow hole 53, and 58 1 in the passage in the valve body 50 communicates with epicoele, and the other end communicates with outlet 60 on the cavity of resorption; Piston 54 most advanced and sophisticated insertions in the big overflow hole 56 in the cavity of resorption are provided with spring 59 between piston 54 and the epicoele, the cavity of resorption bottom is provided with inlet 57, and 55 1 of throttle orifices communicate the upper space of other end connection piston 54 with inlet 57.Automatically controlled relief valve 31 is the unsteady working pressure P1 by the electronic control hydraulic system, and the purpose of control is that massage transmission actual demand applies rubbing contact pressure and corresponding bearings power.

Please see Figure 7: proportional pressure-reducing valve 32 is made up of shell 61, piston 62, inlet 63, outlet 64, center hole 65, valve port 66.Shell 61 is provided with inlet 63 and outlet 64, and piston 62 is installed in the shell 61, is provided with the center hole 65 and the valve port 66 that are interconnected in the piston 62.The pressure of inlet 63 and outlet 64 and piston 62 upper-end surface work area A and piston 62 lower end work area a are inversely proportional to.Be P1: P2=A: a.

Working principle of the present utility model is such: this speed changer one end is connected motor car engine, and the other end connects wheel differential.When the slide block gear 20 on the output shaft 16 was in not state with any gear engagement, the moment of torsion of motor car engine and rotating speed can not be delivered on the output shaft 16, and at this moment automobile neither advances, and does not also fall back.When slide block gear 20 moves to and afterwards the spool gear of doubly-linked gear 14 meshes, forward gear corresponding to automobile, at this moment doubly-linked gear 4 before the gear 3 of the power of motor on output shaft 1 passes to, preceding doubly-linked gear 4 drives driving shafts 7 through gear 5 simultaneously and rotates, because rotating the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of driving shaft 7 often contacts with the inner conical surface of driven axle 9, when driving shaft 7 rotates with driven axle 9 between the frictional force drive driven axle 9 that produces rotate simultaneously, driven axle 9 drives output shaft 16 again and gives wheel with transmission of power, drives automobile and advances.When quickening to exercise, starting actuating motor 23, at this moment actuating motor 23 drives worm screw 8 rotations, the tooth sector drivening rod 6 of worm screw 8 through being fixed on the connecting rod 6 freely swings around bearing pin 22, when connecting rod 6 swings to a certain orientation, and input shaft 1, driving shaft 7 and driven axle 9 are positioned at same axis, at this moment the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of driving shaft 7 is that face contacts with the inner conical surface of driven axle 9, and the velocity ratio between driving shaft 7 and the driven axle 9 is 1: 1, and automobile is realized high speed driving.When the axis of connecting rod 6 axis runout driven axle 9 of driving shaft 7 under the driving of worm screw 8, the male cone (strobilus masculinus) of driving shaft 7 is contacted by face with the inner conical surface of driven axle 9 and becomes the line contact, increasing along with deviation angle, Line of contact moves to the direction away from the axle center on the work inner conical surface of driven axle 9, at this moment the real work half of driven axle 9 work inner conical surfaces is through strengthening, because the work half of driving shaft 7 work male cone (strobilus masculinus)s has so just realized the reduction of speed transmission of automobile through being changeless.Continuously smooth ground changes the orientation angles of connecting rod 6, just can realize level and smooth stepless speed change transmission.

When slide block gear 20 moves to reverse gear 19 engagements, corresponding to the reverse gear of automobile, back of automobile.When if automobile is moveed backward in the starting of upward slope place or at the descending place, can produce self-locking less than friction angle by tangent line on the point of contact of roller 29 in the overrunning clutch 13 and bearing housing 10 and the angle between the wedge groove working surface on the driven axle 9, advance when preventing that automobile from falling back when going up a slope starting and descending is moveed backward.

When motor car engine drives input shaft 1 and rotates, eccentric wheel 42 drive plunger formula oil pumps 2 work on the input shaft 1, oil pump 2 sucks from oil sump 30 oil afterwards that high pressure pumps, and the automatically controlled relief valve 31 by its outlet port comes the total pressure of controlled hydraulic system.Divide two-way to carry out work then, one the tunnel imports pressure oil in the connecting rod 6 through end face guiding gutter 34, pressure oil many paths in being arranged on connecting rod 6 again leads to radial pressure chamber 35 and end force chamber 37 on the driving shaft 7, be equipped with throttle orifice 36 on each pressure chamber, when shaft strength, certain pressure chamber place is subjected to big pressure effect, then the gap of this pressure chamber periphery reduces, the resistance that liquid overflows strengthens, flow by throttle orifice reduces, the working pressure of this pressure chamber is increased, load with the bearing that contends with, all separated thereby make between the metal of driving shaft 7 and connecting rod 6, form the hydrostatic bearing system of driving shaft 7, make axle and bearing hole that direct contact the between the metal do not taken place by hydraulic oil.

Another road passing ratio reduction valve 32 of oil pump 2 outlets is with system pressure step-down pro rata, and feed in the oil cylinder 11, and to driven axle 9 required axially and

radial pressure chamber

39,40, pressure oil pushing shaft bearing sleeve 10 in the oil cylinder 11, bearing housing 10 promotes driven axle 9 again, make driven axle 9 press to driving shaft 7, on the point of contact of the work inner conical surface of the work male cone (strobilus masculinus) of driving shaft 7 and driven axle 9, produce needed work contact pressure.Oil cylinder 11 is communicated with corresponding axial pressure chamber 38 and warp-wise pressure chamber 40 by a plurality of axial throttle orifices 39 and warp-wise throttle orifice 41, forms the hydrostatic bearing system of driven axle 9.

Claims

1. the stepless speed variator of a friction driving, comprise stepless speed changing mechanism, overrunning clutch (13), gearshift (26), hydraulic pressure installation and electronic controller, it is characterized in that: the oil pump in the A. stepless speed changing mechanism (2) is fixed in the preceding casing (28), pass on the input shaft (1) of oil pump (2) and be set with gear (3), gear (3) meshes with the preceding doubly-linked gear (4) that sky is enclosed within on the bearing pin (22), before doubly-linked gear (4) simultaneously with driving shaft (7) on gear (5) engagement, driving shaft (7) other end is taper, its male cone (strobilus masculinus) often contacts with the inner conical surface of driven axle (9), and driven axle (9) the other end is gear (21); B. driven axle (9) is supported in the bearing housing (10) by hydrostatic bearing, and the external splines of bearing housing (10) cooperates with the internal spline of bearing shell (12), and bearing shell (12) is fixed in the rear box (27), is provided with oil cylinder (11) between it and the bearing housing (10); C. driving shaft (7) is supported in the connecting rod (6) by hydrostatic bearing, connecting rod (6) sky is enclosed within on the bearing pin (22), bearing pin (22) equates with distance of shaft centers between input shaft (1) and the driving shaft (7), be fixed in tooth sector and worm screw (8) engagement on the connecting rod (6), worm screw (8) is connected on the motor (23).

2. the stepless speed variator of friction driving according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected with eccentric wheel (42) on the input shaft (1) in the oil pump (2), it contacts with the plunger of oil pump (2).

3. the stepless speed variator of friction driving according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: oil cylinder is equipped with disk spring in (11).

4. the stepless speed variator of friction driving according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: gearshift mechanism (26) is by back doubly-linked gear (14), bearing pin (15), output shaft (16), bearing pin (18), reverse gear (19), slide block gear (20), gear (21) is formed, the gear (21) that is arranged on the driven axle (9) often meshes with the spool gear that sky is enclosed within the back doubly-linked gear (14) on the bearing pin (15), the normal engagement of the short gear of back doubly-linked gear (14) and reverse gear (19), the output shaft (16) that one end stretches in the gear (21) upward has slide block gear (20) through the spline kink, and slide block gear (20) meshes with the long tooth of back doubly-linked gear (14) or with reverse gear (19).

5. the stepless speed variator of friction driving according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: overrunning clutch (13) is made up of bearing housing (10), roller (29), revolution spring (24) and driven axle (9), driven axle is evenly equipped with the wedge groove on (9), be provided with roller (29) between the inner cylindrical surface of bearing housing (10) and the wedge groove working plane on the driven axle (9), the big end of wedge groove is equipped with revolution spring (24).

6. the stepless speed variator of friction driving according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: hydraulic pressure installation is by oil sump (30), oil pump (2), automatically controlled relief valve (31), proportional pressure-reducing valve (32), oil cylinder (11), throttle orifice, pressure chamber and oil pipe line are formed, oil pump (2) outlet that is arranged in the oil sump (30) is connected with automatically controlled relief valve (31) and proportional pressure-reducing valve (32), one of automatically controlled relief valve (31) through end face guiding gutter (34) connection connecting rod (6), be provided with the branch road that leads to radial pressure chamber (35) and end force chamber (37) in the connecting rod (6), radial pressure chamber (35) and end force chamber (37) are arranged on the connecting rod (6), wherein are respectively arranged with throttle orifice (36) on radial pressure chamber (35) and axial pressure chamber (37); One of proportional pressure-reducing valve (32) connects oil cylinder (11), and oil cylinder (11) is gone up corresponding axial pressure chamber (38) and radial pressure chamber (40) through throttle orifice (39) is connected driven axle (9) with (41) bearing housing (10); The other end of automatically controlled relief valve (31) communicates with oil sump (30).

7. the stepless speed variator of friction driving according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: automatically controlled relief valve (31) is by valve body (50), armature (51), coil (52), little overflow hole (53), piston (54), throttle orifice (55), big overflow hole (56), inlet (57), passage (58), spring (59), outlet (60) is formed, be provided with coil (52) in the epicoele of valve body (50), after coil (52) is passed at the tip of armature (51), insert in the little overflow hole (53), (58) one in the passage of valve body (50) communicates with epicoele, and the other end communicates with outlet (60) on the cavity of resorption; Piston (54) in the cavity of resorption is most advanced and sophisticated to be inserted in the big overflow hole (56), be provided with spring (59) between piston (54) and the epicoele, cavity of resorption bottom is provided with inlet (57), and (55) one of throttle orifices communicate the upper space of other end connection piston (54) with enter the mouth (57).

8. the stepless speed variator of friction driving according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: proportional pressure-reducing valve (32) is made up of shell (61), piston (62), inlet (63), outlet (64), center hole (65), valve port (66), shell (61) is provided with inlet (63) and exports in (64), the shell (61) piston (62) is installed, and is provided with the center hole (65) and the valve port (66) that interconnect in the piston (62).

9. the stepless speed variator of friction driving according to claim 1 is characterized in that: hydrostatic bearing is a kind of separation layer that is formed between the end face of axle and axle sleeve hole and cylndrical surface by the pressure oil in the hydraulic pressure installation.