CN2503508Y - Device for display three-D image - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for displaying the three-dimensional image. The utility model adopts the principle that a set of lenses arranged laterally in neighbor and longitudinally in a strip are arranged at the front part of the ordinary image displaying equipment. Each strip of the lenses is a convex lens in the horizontal direction and is a plane in the vertical direction, the light shot from luminous points at the back surface can be converged to a certain direction, the different light shot from the different parts of the image can be refracted to different areas, the utility model can causes the left eye and the right eye of a user to receive different lights shot from different luminous points, and thus the three-dimensional image can be observed at certain positions.

Description

A kind of device that shows stereo-picture

Title of the present utility model is a kind of device that shows stereo-picture, be to have increased by one group of one dimension convex lens that satisfy certain condition about a kind of front at the normal image display device, make anaclasis that the different piece of image sends to different zones, thereby observe the utility model of the device of stereo-picture at certain position.

After image display technologies such as film and TV occur, people studies show that the technology of stereo-picture always, up to the present, some implementation methods have been arranged, for example utilize the three-dimensional film of polarized-light technique, the screen image that switches synchronously and block glasses device, the observer follows the trail of and position of image is adjusted equipment that a plurality of two-dimensional images of equipment and dynamic focusing show at three dimensions etc. synchronously.But these technology and equipments all exist some defectives, must wears glasses as the observer, can not watch simultaneously for a plurality of people, equipment complexity etc. too.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of device that shows stereo-picture, increase the optical lens of one group of special shape by front at common two-dimensional image display device, each pixel that changes two-dimensional image is regularly sent or the direction of reflection ray, the light refraction of the pixel of should be respectively seeing by left eye and right eye to many adjacent areas, make observer's eyes when being in certain two adjacent area, can observe the pixel that see respectively, thereby observe stereo-picture.

Tell about the technical scheme of this device below.The image display of seeing in our daily life (hereinafter to be referred as screen), the overwhelming majority is that coloured image wherein also great majority is to have utilized the principle of three primary colours with the mode video picture that shows dot matrix.Many tiny monochromes or primary color points are distributing on these screens.For ordinary screen because two of observers can see the light that each point sends, therefore two soon to image be the same, what promptly see is a width of cloth plane picture.The principle of observing stereoscopic image according to people as can be known, the factor that forms binocular stereo vision has multiple, wherein binocular parallax and converge like the spokes of a wheel at the hub most importantly.If the image difference that we can allow observer's two arrive soon just can have been observed stereo-picture.

According to top analysis, when making screen, can increase by one group of horizontal adjacent arrangement in the front of luminous point, vertically be the lens of strip.Each of these group lens is convex lens in the horizontal direction, and its transverse section is crooked; At vertical direction is flat, and its longitudinal profile is straight.We temporarily are called the one dimension convex lens with each lens.These group one dimension convex lens can make the optical convergence that luminous point sent of face thereafter to certain direction, make the zone at observer's left eye and right eye place receive the light that different luminous points send, and make eyes see the image that two width of cloth are different.

Owing to adopt such scheme, only need increase the lens of one group of definite shape in the ordinary screen front, can make the observer see stereoscopic image, thus this device has that cost is low, manufacturing process simple, to the transformation of conventional display apparatus realize easily, the observer need not wear principal features such as any attachment device.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further specified.

Fig. 1 makes theory of constitution figure of the present utility model.1 is 3 one dimension convex lens among the figure, 2 be 6 respectively should be by right eye and the observed pixel of left eye.

Fig. 2 is an optical center of lens, and (index path during f＜d＜2f), 3 vertical lines among the figure from left to right are respectively 4 pixel observation zones, two lens and two pixels greater than focal length of lens f and less than 2 times of focal lengths apart from d to pixel planes.

The index path that Fig. 3 is an optical center of lens when pixel planes equals focal length of lens f (f=d) apart from d, 3 vertical lines among the figure from left to right are respectively 4 pixel observation zones, 1 lens (another does not draw) and two pixels.

Fig. 4 is an optical center of lens, and (index path during f＞d), 4 vertical lines among the figure from left to right are respectively 4 pixel observation zones, 2 lens, 4 pixels and 4 virtual images that pixel is formed by following lens respectively less than focal length of lens f apart from d to pixel planes.

Fig. 5 is an optical center of lens, and (index path during f＞d) is used to illustrate the viewing area width that can see certain pixel and can sees the contrast situation of the viewing area width of this pixel and neighbor thereof simultaneously less than focal length of lens f apart from d to pixel planes.

Many pixel optical path of poly-lens figure when Fig. 6 is f＜d＜2f.

Many pixel optical path of poly-lens figure when Fig. 7 is f=d.

For these group one dimension convex lens, we can determine its parameter with the method for quantitative Analysis.Suppose that at first screen is pure flat, these group one dimension convex lens also are to arrange in one plane so.In the narration below, we represent the smallest point that screen resolution is determined with " pixel " speech.In addition, for convenience of calculation, the narration of back with the data of the LCDs of the portable computer of a certain size as basis.Calculate and divide following step:

One, determines the width W of viewing area.In order to guarantee picture quality to greatest extent, the light that two pixels that our prescribed level direction is adjacent are sent is wanted two adjacent viewing areas of directive.Because the effect of one dimension convex lens, the space of screen front is divided into the viewing area of plurality of vertical strip.In certain zone, can only see the image that left eye can be seen, in two adjacent zones of its left and right sides, can only see the image that right eye can be seen.According to investigation, adult's interpupillary distance is generally 58-72mm, and the width that we get viewing area at this is W=60mm.

Two, determine pixel wide p, viewing distance D.We are that the various parameters of 12 inches lcd screen are that example is calculated with diagonal line.The ratio that screen is wide and high is 4: 3, and ultimate resolution is 800 * 600, and then the wide and high of each pixel is p=0.3048mm.According to actual conditions, we are decided to be D=400mm with viewing distance.

Three, calculate the parameter and the object distance of one dimension convex lens.The focal length that makes the one dimension convex lens is f, and object distance is d, and the branch situation is discussed below: (one) f＜d＜2f

This moment index path as shown in Figure 2, wherein 1,2 is adjacent two one dimension convex lens, width is w; R, L are respectively two pixels that right eye and left eye can be seen, width is p; Object distance is d; Viewing distance and image distance are respectively D and d ', and D=d '; L1, R1 are that L and R pass through convex lens 1 imaging, and L2, R2 are that L and R pass through convex lens 2 imagings, and width is p ', observes width W=p '.Make that focal length of convex lens is f,, can obtain following system of equations according to plane geometry and optical theory:

The group of solving an equation, With p=0.3048, d '=400, p '=60 substitution The above results,

d＝2.032

f＝2.0217296

The w=0.6065188 The above results shows, if in the ratio of width to height is that 4: 3, diagonal line are that 12 inches, ultimate resolution be 800 * 600 lcd screen front apart from pixel are that to place one group wide be the one dimension convex lens of 2.0217296mm for 0.6065188mm, focal length for the distance of 2.032mm, then the observer at distance convex lens 400mm place can see stereo-picture in some positions, and interpupillary distance is that the observer of 60mm has best observation place, as shown in Figure 6.(2) f=d

The index path of this moment as shown in Figure 3.All variablees are identical with situation () among the figure, and system of equations is then arranged: ${\{}_{\frac{w}{f}=\frac{{2p}^{\′}}{D+f}}^{\frac{w-p}{f}=\frac{p^{\′}-p}{D+f}}$ The group of solving an equation, ${\{}_{w=\frac{2p^{\′}p}{p^{\′}+p}}^{f=\frac{\mathrm{pD}}{p^{\′}}}$ With p=0.3048, D=400, p '=60 substitution The above results,

f＝2.302

The w=0.6065188 The above results shows, if in the ratio of width to height is that 4: 3, diagonal line are that 12 inches, ultimate resolution be 800 * 600 lcd screen front apart from pixel are that to place one group wide be the one dimension convex lens of 2.032mm for 0.6065188mm, focal length for the distance of 2.032mm, then the observer at distance convex lens 400mm place can see stereo-picture in some positions, and interpupillary distance is that the observer of 60mm has best observation place, as shown in Figure 7.(3) f＞d

The index path of this moment as shown in Figure 4.All variablees are identical with situation () among the figure, and system of equations is then arranged:

Wherein: p, d ', p ' are known quantity.The group of solving an equation, With p=0.3048, d '=400, p '=60 substitution The above results,

d＝2.032

f＝2.0423753

The w=0.6065188 The above results shows, if in the ratio of width to height is that 4: 3, diagonal line are that 12 inches, ultimate resolution be 800 * 600 lcd screen front apart from pixel are that to place one group wide be the one dimension convex lens of 2.0423753mm for 0.6065188mm, focal length for the distance of 2.032mm, then the observer at distance convex lens 400mm place can see stereo-picture in some positions, and interpupillary distance is that the observer of 60mm has best observation place.

But, since observed be the virtual image, therefore also need further analysis and observation zone.Investigate index path as shown in Figure 5 again, P is the width that can observe the scope of a certain pixel among the figure, and W is for observing the width of the scope of adjacent two pixels simultaneously.Since D=d ', so W=2w=1.21303777, P=W+p '=61.21303777.Last figure is expanded to the situation of the many pixels of multiple convex lens, we can find, can only observe the range of observation width that left eye (or right eye) should observed one group of pixel is 58.78696223mm, is 1.21303777mm and can observe the peak width that left eye and right eye should observed two groups of pixels simultaneously.Because W is much smaller than P, so the situation of f＞d also can form several more satisfactory viewing areas.

The above-mentioned principle that illustrates with quantitative Analysis shows, under f＜d＜2f, f=d, three kinds of situations of f＞d, can find suitable lens parameter, lens and pixel distance parameter and viewing area parameter, reaches the effect that shows stereoscopic image.In actual applications, quality of materials, manufacture craft etc. is had certain requirement.In addition, 2 problems that exist are once illustrated and analyze: the one, display grating problem, the 2nd, the problem of refractive index and frequency.

One, display grating problem.Examine televisor or display, can find that three kinds of picture points of RGB all are transversely arranged successively on these screens, and the length of vertical direction is greater than the length of horizontal direction.The image seen in above-mentioned in question viewing area all is through the image that has amplified, and the principle of three primary colours that color monitor relied on, and has with the resolution characteristic of human eye just to be limited to the basis.If picture point is amplified, then color distortion all can take place in each picture point of seeing of spectators.One of way that addresses this problem is that the picture point of display device " is crossed ".Because the one dimension convex lens can amplify pixel in the horizontal direction, and in the vertical direction does not influence the light that pixel is sent, if therefore the RGB picture point of display device is vertically arranged, just the principle of three primary colours can not be subjected to the influence of one dimension convex lens so.

Two, the problem of refractive index and frequency.For light and two kinds of fixing light transmission media of fixed frequency, its relative index of refraction is a definite value, if but the light frequency variation, then refractive index also can change.The relation of refractive index and frequency can be represented by the formula: $\frac{n^2-1}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="n"\; filenames="Y0020457100102.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">n</figure-callout>}}^2+2}=\frac{4\mathrm{\&pi;}}{3}\frac{{\mathrm{Ne}}^2}{m({\mathrm{\&omega;}}_0^2-{\mathrm{\&omega;}}^2)}$ Wherein: n is a refractive index, and N is the number density of molecule, and e is the electric charge of electronics, and m is an electron mass, ω ₀Be resonance (absorption) frequency, ω is a light frequency.Hence one can see that, and in the normal dispersion district, refractive index is the increasing function of frequency.But, because of the absorption frequency of free atom almost all drops on the ultraviolet spectrum district, so visible light n＞1.According to the regulation of International Commission on Illumination in 1931, selecting the mercury spectrum medium wavelength is that the ruddiness of 700nm is red primary light, and wavelength is that the green glow of 546.1nm is a green primary light, and wavelength is that the blue light of 435.8nm is a blue primary light.Like this, the one dimension convex lens are for the optical index difference of this different frequency in three, thereby the viewing area width that forms is also different, has overlapping phenomenon at the edge, promptly so-called aberration.

One of way that addresses this problem is according to horizontal picture point height the one dimension lens to be divided into corresponding plurality of sections at vertical direction, every section refractive index difference, thus the range of observation width of the picture point of every section lens back is equated.But this will make spectators' observation place further be limited, and that is to say, have several positions, vertical direction may have only one highly can see stereo-picture in the horizontal direction.But, according to the model of designer's research, the relation between frequency recited above and the refractive index is not very big for the influence of viewing area, can ignore.In addition, in actual production process, the glass that the material of lens can be chosen high index of refraction, low chromatic dispersion comes color difference eliminating, takes certain methods to eliminate aberration to the full extent simultaneously.

The stereoscopic display device that the design proposes has following advantage:

One, with the common TV compatibility.The principle of the stereotelevision of making according to the design and the principle of stereophonic broadcasting are very similar, modulating part increases other one road signal when sending the general television set signal, spatical television set can all parse two paths of signals, therefore and general television set only need be resolved road signal wherein, can be well and the common TV compatibility.

Two, the observer needn't wear any glasses.

Three, a plurality of spectators can watch simultaneously.

Four, each spectators can select some positions of watching (zone).

Five, principle is simple, and is cheap for manufacturing cost, when being applied to stereotelevision, also lower to the improvement expenses of existing line, equipment.

This device also exists some shortcomings:

One, sharpness reduces half.One of method that solves is to be applied to high-definition television.In addition, though every observed number of dots of eyes can reduce half, because the amplification of one dimension convex lens, the width of each picture point can double, and therefore the size of every observed entire image of eyes can not change.

Two, refreshing frequency reduces half and can cause stroboscopic.One of solution is to improve field frequency (for example doubling).

Three, viewing distance is restricted.

Reference [1] " Principles of Television ", Yu Sile, Guo Fuyun, Li Guiling, Hou Zhengxin write, National Defense Industry Press, in March, 1999.[2] " optical fiber communication is crossed the threshold ", (day), Mo Songan was fine, she He Jian one is outstanding, and Liu Shiheng, Liang Minji translate, National Defense Industry Press, in February, 1981.[3] " applied physics optics ", tight beautiful jade is compiled China Machine Press, November nineteen ninety in vain.[4] " electromagnetics ", Zhao Kaihua, Chen Ximou, People's Education Publishing House, in March, 1981.[5] " applied optics " first volume, Zhang Yimo chief editor, China Machine Press, February nineteen eighty-two.[6] " optical principle ", M Born, E Wo Erfu work, poplar young shoot of a reed sweet-smelling grass etc. is translated Science Press, 1978.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of device that shows stereo-picture, it is characterized in that: in the equipment of display image, increase by one group of horizontal adjacent arrangement in the front of luminous point, vertically be the lens of strip, make anaclasis that some part of composing images sends zone, thereby make the observer in specific zone, observe stereo-picture to some appointment.

2, a kind of device that shows stereo-picture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: lens are transversely arranged longitudinal strip lens, and the viewing area of formation is some vertical bar-shaped zones.

3, a kind of device that shows stereo-picture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: lens will be refracted to the light that the part that images of left and right eyes in the image should be seen is sent respectively in the adjacent images of left and right eyes viewing area in a distance.

4, a kind of device that shows stereo-picture according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the horizontal focal length of lens is the definite value of limited size, vertically focal length is infinitely great.

5, a kind of device that shows stereo-picture according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: lens are convex lens.

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