CN2501464Y

CN2501464Y - Thigh-bone intramedullary nail made by marmem and its corollary equipment

Info

Publication number: CN2501464Y
Application number: CN 01265812
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘怿
Original assignee: Xiamei Marmem Co Ltd Lanzhou
Current assignee: Xiamei Marmem Co Ltd Lanzhou
Priority date: 2001-10-23
Filing date: 2001-10-23
Publication date: 2002-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2011-10-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses an orthopeadic internal fixation device made of shape memory alloy materials, and the matching instrument of the fixation device. The marrow internal nails of the utility model are two plate-shaped nail tablets, the farther end of each nail tablet is an end with a sharp edge, each nail tablet is provided with a bending which is similar to the physiological bending of the femur in the direction of the plate width plane, and a rightabout bending is arranged between the two nail tablets in longitudinal direction along the vertical direction of the plate width. The matching instrument of the utility model comprises a guiding needle, a special instrument and a driven into device.

Description

Memorial alloy femoral interlocking nail and supporting apparatus thereof

Technical field

This utility model relates to the supporting apparatus of a kind of orthopaedics with internal fixation apparatus and this fixation device of use, particularly a kind of orthopedic fixation device material made from shape memory alloy material.

Background technology

Intramedullary pin is a kind of orthopaedics internal fixation apparatus.Traditional femoral interlocking nail as V-arrangement or trilobal intramedullary pin, insufficient strength and can not effective anti-rotational deficiency often occurs, thereby has occurred various formula femoral interlocking nails with lock in succession in application.Can be about existing intramedullary pin referring to " intramedullary pin internal fixation " book (work such as Luo Xianzheng, the People's Health Publisher publishes, October in 1997 the 1st edition) and " orthopedist's education must be read " book (Di Xunyuan etc. are outstanding, People's Medical Officer Press November in 1999 the 1st edition).But because of this intramedullary pin active length is longer, its cross-sectional area is less, in use is an elongate rod structure and unstability easily takes place; Limit mutually because of inter-locking screw and intramedullary pin diameter on the other hand, inter-locking screw and marrow nail intersect formation stress concentration afterwards simultaneously, the phenomenon of rupture of intramedullary pin or pinning can occur.In addition, insert difficulty owing to distal locking nail often occurs, this class intramedullary pin brings suitable difficulty to operation process.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of can not reversing by the operative constraint knochenbruch of existing in the prior art that overcome, and it is insufficient easily to produce unstable failure etc., is used for the novel intramedullary pin of femur, provide simultaneously use this in matching used apparatus during nail.

Intramedullary pin of the present utility model is to make with marmem, it is concrete is shaped as two and is tabular nail sheet, each follows closely the sheet far-end is end with sharp sword, each is followed closely sheet and has and the akin camber of femur physiological bending along the wide in-plane of plate, and the perpendicular direction in two nail sheets and the wide plane of plate is provided with rightabout bending.

The cross section length-width ratio of respectively following closely sheet of intramedullary pin is 2～2.5: 1 in this utility model.

Femoral interlocking nail of the present utility model, between its intramedullary pin two nail sheets vertically the average angle along the bending of the wide vertical direction of plate be 30 ± 5 degree, its best implementation is to form one section circular arc outside the active section of intramedullary pin, its circular arc radius of curvature determine so that between bending section and nail sheet axis average angle can satisfy 30 ± 5 and spend and be as the criterion.

Use the supporting apparatus of intramedullary pin of the present utility model to comprise guide pin, special equipment and driver.

Guide pin of the present utility model can be made with stainless steel material, its shape and intramedullary pin are basic identical, also be to constitute by two nail sheets, and its proximal end also is provided with takes out the hole, but each guide pin except that have along the wide in-plane of plate with the akin camber of femur physiological bending, the nail sheet vertically do not have a bending, present straight plate shape.

Special equipment of the present utility model is one to have the cover of rectangular opening in it, at cover one end the anvil piece is arranged, close anvil piece place at cover is provided with handle, wherein hole shape is identical with intramedullary pin of the present utility model or guide pin in Tao the rectangle, its cross-sectional area is a bit larger tham intramedullary pin or guide pin, and in use the endoporus of special equipment can be placed on intramedullary pin of the present utility model or the guide pin easily.

Intramedullary pin of the present utility model is under cold conditions its camber along the wide planar vertical direction of plate to be pulled directly earlier in use, guide pin is inserted in the pulp cavity of patient's knochenbruch by surgical wound again, after the knochenbruch position resetted, extract a slice guide pin out, then a slice intramedullary pin is inserted along the guide pin position of extracting out, special equipment is placed in the intramedullary pin tail end, knock the anvil piece of special equipment with hand-mallet, intramedullary pin is squeezed in the pulp cavity, expose partly and long time such as special equipment when marrow nail being squeezed into pulp cavity to intramedullary pin with special equipment, can not by special equipment intramedullary pin be squeezed in the medullary cavity more, at this moment special equipment is taken off from the intramedullary pin tail end, the concave inward structure of driver is placed in the tail end of intramedullary pin again, impacts the other end of driver with hand-mallet, intramedullary pin is squeezed in the pulp cavity fully the most at last; Extract another sheet guide pin again out, repeat aforementioned operation, another sheet intramedullary pin is also squeezed into pulp cavity.After intramedullary pin entered pulp cavity, under the patient temperature effect, intramedullary pin was heated to phase transition temperature gradually, the generation shape is recovered, the rightabout bending that two nail sheets produce, and the sharp sword place of its end " is hammered into " in the spongy bone of bone cavity root, fracture fixation is firm.After union of fracture, open surgical wound again, the surgical instrument of reuse buckle is hooked in place, hole set on the intramedullary pin, and intramedullary pin is pulled out respectively.

This utility model since each nail sheet have and the akin camber of femur physiological bending along the wide in-plane of plate, make its with femur between have preferably and cooperate, the while implantation of can conveniently performing the operation.Simultaneously comparatively suitable because of intramedullary pin sheet cross section length-width ratio of the present utility model, make it that higher rigidity be arranged, both can effective antitorque commentaries on classics, can overcome bending load effectively again, can also effectively avoid unstable phenomenon of the prior art.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is an intramedullary pin sketch map of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is that the A of Fig. 1 is to view.

Fig. 3 is Figure 1B-B position generalized section.

Fig. 4 is this utility model user mode sketch map in femur.

Fig. 5 is the X-ray sheet that uses intramedullary pin in the actual use.

Fig. 6 is a guide pin sketch map of the present utility model, and this figure also can be used as when performing the operation through pulling straight intramedullary pin sketch map.

Fig. 7 is a special equipment sketch map of the present utility model.

Fig. 8 is a driver sketch map of the present utility model.

The specific embodiment

By accompanying drawing 1 as seen, intramedullary pin of the present utility model is made of two nail bodies.Each is followed closely sheet and all makes with the Ti-Nd marmem, having and the akin camber of femur physiological bending along the wide plane of plate, referring to Fig. 2.Be provided with rightabout bending with the perpendicular direction in the wide plane of plate between two nail sheets, see Fig. 1.The length-width ratio of respectively following closely the sheet cross section among Fig. 1 is 2 to 1, referring to Fig. 3.But the intramedullary pin sheet cross section length-width ratio in reality can be controlled at 2～2.5 according to different patients' situation: between 1.Among Fig. 1,1 of phantom line segments place is an active section, active section 1 left side be for far-end 3, the right be near-end 2, the tail end of intramedullary pin just.Wherein the end that is sharp bladed is arranged, and the hole 5 of taking-up is arranged, referring to Fig. 2 at the place, close end of near-end 2 in the end of far-end 3.In Fig. 1, whole intramedullary pin is a straightway at active section 1, and its far-end 3 is made one section circular arc, and makes tangent line and the average angle between axis on it be about 30 angles of spending; Its near-end 2 also has a bit of circular arc, makes the angle that is about 10 to 15 degree between its tangent line and axis.It should be noted that near-end 2 also can be one section straightway, but in general, be provided with its better effects if of a bit of circular arc some.

This utility model experiment and clinical situation below are provided.

(1) experiment situation

Get moistening adult corpse femur, and it is made stage casing transverse fracture model.On model, bore aperture, and in experiment forward direction medullary cavity, inject 38～42 ℃ warm water, and it is inserted in 37 ℃ the calorstat be incubated.Implant intramedullary pin of the present utility model by modus operandi, carry out torsion test and bend test again.Its test result is as follows:

(1) torsion test result: during 15 ° at femur inward turning test maximum twist angle, average torque is 3.235 ± 0.502Nm, during 15 ° at femur outward turning test maximum twist angle, average torque is 3.340 ± 0.004Nm, do not find that under above-mentioned test situation there is tangible displacement at the knochenbruch place, do not find to destroy yet.

(2) bend test result before and after adopts three-point bending, and is preceding---and when the crooked maximum test amount of deflection in back was 6 millimeters, average moment of flexure was greater than 700Nm; When the maximum test amount of deflection of back---front curve was 6 millimeters, average moment of flexure did not find that greater than 269Nm there is tangible displacement at the knochenbruch place under above-mentioned test situation, did not find to destroy yet.

(3) side bend test result adopts three-point bending, and is outer---and when the maximum test amount of deflection of interior bending was 6 millimeters, average moment of flexure was greater than 486Nm; In---when the maximum of outside sweep test amount of deflection was 6 millimeters, average moment of flexure did not find that greater than 393Nm there is tangible displacement at the knochenbruch place under above-mentioned test situation, found to destroy yet.

More than Shi Yan result all is better than the result that correlated existing intramedullary pin is tested equally.

(2) clinical setting

This utility model is through 63 routine clinical uses, wherein: experimenter's M-F is 42: 21, and a year order is 65 years old to the maximum, and minimum is 19 years old.Fresh fracture 42 examples, old fracture and merge abnormal property healing 10 examples is owing to adopt existing intramedullary pin to carry out internal fixation, because of fixing loosening or rupture and cause nonunion, bone does not connect 11 examples.Fracture site: fractura subtrochanterica 12 examples, epimere 36 examples of fracturing in the femur, distal fracture of femur 15 examples.Before operation, select suitable intramedullary pin of the present utility model according to patient's femur length and pulp cavity width.After underwent operative was implanted, except that fracture needs make the cortex external fixation of the bone snap ring for oblique, spiral type or the patient that pulverizes shape, all the other all need not external fixation.2～3 all patients can leave the bed and hold up the crutches activity after operation.Follow up a case by regular visits to through postoperative, the time is 6～18 months, and all cases all reach the critical bed healing to clinical union of fracture standard, and the loosening or phenomenon of rupture of nail in the bone appears in none example, and acceptance rate reaches 96.826%.

Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5 provides a comminuted fracture case postoperative X mating plate to this utility model simultaneously in femur internal fixation situation.

Guide pin of the present utility model adopts the rustless steel manufacturing, and its profile is seen Fig. 6, and the vertical view of Fig. 6 is identical with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 with the transverse section cutaway view.In fact the shape after marrow nail of the present utility model is pulled directly before art is identical with guide pin.

Special equipment in this utility model is by the cover 6 that has rectangle endoporus 7 and be located at the anvil piece 8 that overlaps 6 one ends, and handle 9 formations, and referring to Fig. 7, wherein the cross section of rectangle endoporus 7 is slightly larger than the tail end of corresponding intramedullary pin or guide pin.In use be the tail end that it is placed in intramedullary pin, squeeze into anvil piece 8 with hand-mallet then, so that intramedullary pin is squeezed in the pulp cavity.

Driver in this utility model, referring to Fig. 8, it is the column structure 11 that one one end has expansion segment 12, the end of expansion segment 12 thereon has a concave inward structure 13, its size and shape should be suitable with matching used intramedullary pin tail end, should be the size that concave inward structure should be slightly larger than the intramedullary pin tail end that matches more exactly.The length of driver is determined according to dissimilar patients or position, but its major diameter (on-expansible section diameter) is than the most very much not surpassing 12.In operation, expose partly and long time such as special equipment when marrow nail being squeezed into bone cavity to intramedullary pin with special equipment, can not by special equipment intramedullary pin be squeezed in the medullary cavity more, at this moment special equipment is taken off from the intramedullary pin tail end, again the concave inward structure on the driver 11 13 is placed in the tail end of intramedullary pin, impact the other end (end that does not promptly have expansion segment) of driver 11 with hand-mallet, intramedullary pin can be squeezed in the pulp cavity fully.

Claims

1, memorial alloy femoral interlocking nail, be provided with the taking-up hole in the proximal end of intramedullary pin, it is characterized in that described intramedullary pin is tabular nail sheet by two and constitutes, each follows closely the sheet far-end is end with sharp sword, each is followed closely sheet and has and the akin camber of femur physiological bending along the wide in-plane of plate, and the perpendicular direction in two nail sheets and the wide plane of plate is provided with rightabout bending.

2, the described memorial alloy femoral interlocking nail of claim 1, it is characterized in that respectively following closely sheet cross section length-width ratio is 2～2.5: 1.

3, claim 1 or 2 described memorial alloy femoral interlocking nails is characterized in that respectively following closely between sheet vertically of intramedullary pin is about 30 along average angle between the flexibility of the wide vertical direction of plate and its axis and spends.

4, use claim 1 or 2 or 3 required guide pins, the proximal end that it is characterized in that guide pin is provided with the taking-up hole, and guide pin is tabular faller gill by two and constitutes, and each follows closely the sheet far-end is end with sharp sword, and each is followed closely, and sheet is vertical to be had and the akin camber of femur physiological bending along plate width direction.

5, use claim 1 or 2 or 3 required special equipments, it is characterized in that described special equipment is by the cover that has rectangular opening in it, be located at the anvil piece of cover one end, and it is outer and be positioned near anvil piece place handle and constitute to be fixed in cover, and wherein Tao rectangle endoporus can cooperate with corresponding intramedullary pin or guide pin.

6, use claim 1 or 2 or 3 required drivers, it is characterized in that described driver is the column structure that one one end has expansion segment, expansion segment end thereon has the concave inward structure that can match with the intramedullary pin afterbody.