CN2465150Y - Misreading proof A/D converter for multi-digit mechanical counter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a misreading proof A/D converter for multi-digit mechanical counters, which can be used in the process that display values of a multi-digit mechanical counter are converted to electric digital output codes and can also be used in the process of the A/D information conversion of other linear displacement or angular displacement. The utility model is characterized in that certain media codes are utilized to generate block signals to cause the Gray code misreading proof technology which originally carries out A/D conversion only when the rotation angle of angular displacement or linear displacement does not exceed 360 DEG to be generalized and applied to the A/D conversion of the multi-digit mechanical counter. More specifically, the media codes are divided into defining codes corresponding to output codes, and block codes not corresponding to the output codes; the block codes generate block or synchronous signals to prevent from misreading when a bit is carried and to ensure that conversion error does not exceed one word of a final bit word wheel.

Description

Multidigit mechanical counter misread preventing analog-digital commutator

The mechanical character wheel displayed value that the utility model is mainly used in multidigit decade (or other scales) is converted to and two of its equivalence---and among the decimal system (or other scales) the output electron number character code process, its principle also can be used for other angular displacements or displacement of the lines and is converted to equivalent electron number character code and crosses among the Cheng.

Background technology of the present utility model: employing mechanical counters such as the electric energy meter in actual at present use the, water meter, gas meter are made the instrument of cummulative metering value, normal use pulse to export to carry out data remote, but because of pulse signal be subject to disturb the metering accumulated value that causes between field instrument and the long-range meter reading device not-cause.For avoiding this kind phenomenon to take place, inquire about with a teletransmission or a distant place but need a kind of displayed value directly to carry out analog-to-digital method with mechanical counter.

If the physical object that is converted in analog-digital conversion process can not directly be accepted by sensor institute, generally all need to introduce intermediary's physical quantity, be about to physical object and at first be converted to signals such as the light that can be experienced by sensor, electricity, reusable sensor identification then.And, often adopt the logic state coding techniques in the above-mentioned conversion along with the development of digital technology, to reduce the transformed error of being introduced in the transfer process.

With the mechanical wires displacement, when angular displacement is converted to electronic digital coding, the general electron number character code output that analog quantity directly is not converted to equivalence, but adopt the media code that analog quantity at first is converted to a kind of logic state, then this media code is translated into the scale-of-two output code that can be accepted by computing machine or other digital circuits with electronic digital circuit.Why directly conversion and will adopt media code is because sensor can't accurately be discerned the digitizing status signal that is in two state encoding intersections, and often in the make a mistake situation of read state signal of intersection.For example

Intersection just may be read any one 16 codings of from " 0000 " to " 1111 ".Therefore, if do not prevent the measure of misreading, do not use media code or adopt the switch technology that can not prevent the media code misread all to be considered to not have practical value at adjacent two kinds of state intersections.

When analog to digital conversion is carried out in the angular displacement that displacement of the lines or corner is no more than a week, adopt Gray code usually ¹⁾Make media code, it is a character string of forming with the two kinds of status words in " 0 " " 1 ", be characterized in adjacent two sign indicating numbers only have be in same position-individual character opposite states; And it is a kind of non-weighted code, as long as keep adjacent two sign indicating numbers have only-feature of individual character difference is constant, the layout of character string inside does not have essential meaning (be about to " 0101 " and change " 1100 " into as long as each sign indicating number all is that just it doesn't matter in identical two character positions exchange), it is with two---and the decimal system number correspondence does not have fixed relationship yet, as long as corresponding adjacent two output codes of adjacent two Gray codes, from where, the feature what direction all not have the essential distinction misread preventing toward still keeps, and only code translator need be done corresponding change.By Gray code contained in the common data arrange and and the decade number between relation, only be for code-disc and code translator that can commodity in useization.The Gray code of being carried only refers to that usually adjacent two sign indicating numbers only have a group code of a character opposite states that is in same position in the present invention, and not necessarily is exactly the Gray code on the commercialization code-disc.

Notes 1) Gray code is a kind of disclosed coding techniques, it is characterized in that having only between adjacent two sign indicating numbers a place that the variation of " 0 " and " 1 " character takes place.Which no matter sensor can both be judged to one of these two adjacent codes with these two adjacent different character recognition for.Therefore Gray code has only the transformed error of a calibration unit at the most when being used for corner and being no more than 360 ° angular displacement modulus signal conversion.Draw F.Hoeschele.Jr... from U.S.J " Analog-to-Digital.Digital-to-Anaiog ConversionTechniques " by David

But if having only this cryptoprinciple of character opposite states that is in same position to be used in the conversion of multidigit mechanical counter digital signal adjacent two sign indicating numbers, just may produce a word error of that character wheel that is equivalent to accept carry when carry takes place, this obviously can not accepted by the user in use.

Purpose of design of the present utility model: solve the following problems that background technology exists: at first be because employing mechanical counters such as electric energy meter, water meter, gas meter are made the instrument of cummulative metering value, normal use pulse is exported and is carried out data remote, but pulse signal is subject to disturb and cause the variable accumulated value between field instrument and the long-range meter reading device inconsistent; Next is to adopt above-mentioned pulse signal or adopt the product that can not prevent the direct modulus conversion technique misread, can not adapt to the job requirement of data in real time inquiry from top to bottom: the 3rd is because of being subject to disturb or being in some state or easily misreading during in rotation continuously at counter, and conversion accuracy can not guarantee.

Design proposal of the present utility model: the utility model is the example introduction with decade photoelectricity analog-digital commutator, but gordian technique of the present utility model is the establishment of media code (media code of the present utility model is meant: definitions and block sign indicating number), and with to adopt which kind of principle to carry out transformational relation little; Therefore, technology provided by the utility model is applicable to the analog-digital commutator based on the use sensor identification mechanical quantity status signal of any principle.Sensor is to use non electrical quantities such as photoelectricity (comprising printing opacity, reflective and refractive power etc.) electromagnetism, magnetoelectricity, induction, inductance, electric capacity, resistance and Hall effect all to can be used to make it to prevent misreading of two displayed value intersections of NOT-carry in the electric weight transfer process.Concrete grammar: 1 adopts adjacent two yards to have only a cryptoprinciple that is in the character opposite states of same position, misreads preventing.2 utilize the obstruction sign indicating number of transition state produce to block or synchronizing signal, misread when preventing carry.Above-mentioned the 1st measure 360 ° of corners with interior be current techique, therefore adopting one group of Gray code only is a basis of the utility model design, key is the 2nd measure, makes originally to expand on the multidigit counter at the media code that 360 ° of Gray's modes of using on inside lock are encoded and uses owing to block the existence of sign indicating number.Its design proposal: a kind of multidigit mechanical counter misread preventing analog-digital commutator that is used for, it judges the current display digit of character wheel by the status signal that sensor reads the sign band, by code translator it is translated into output code or produces obstruction or synchronizing signal, sign with on status signal according to by one group of definitions with block and yard to identify, definitions is corresponding with the display digit of character wheel, blocks sign indicating number and produces obstruction or the synchronizing signal of discerning for follow-up electronic circuit.Definitions and obstruction sign indicating number are identified at sign and are with, sign band guarantees that with physical construction the character wheel of itself and counter rotates synchronously, each display digit of character wheel has the tag slot of a length basically identical corresponding with it, and the status signal of this tag slot is represented one or several definitions corresponding with this display digit.One of insertion or several obstruction sign indicating numbers are corresponding with it between character wheel end numeral and these two corresponding tag slots of display digit of initial number (is 9 and 0 to decimal system character wheel), when carry takes place, produce by code translator and block or synchronizing signal by blocking sign indicating number, again by follow-up electronic circuit in addition misread preventing handle.Block in the pairing sign band zone of transition of sign indicating number, each blocks the shared length of the corresponding identification signal of sign indicating number and is not less than the minimum length that selected sensor can be discerned, mechanical counter for two-way use, described zone of transition is positioned at the digital corresponding identification of character wheel head and the tail and distinguishes boundary line two sides, single word corresponding identification district one side headed by then zone of transition can only take with the mechanical counter that uses.

Technical measures of the present utility model are: choose one group of Gray code, the quantity of its yard is greater than the number of display digit on corresponding that character wheel, and two yards of head and the tail promptly have only a character opposite states that is in same position also by common adjacent two yards requirements.Should organize Gray code and be divided into two parts, those corresponding with display digit sign indicating numbers claim definitions, and this character wheel end and headed by two-digit (as 9 → 0.They also are being adjacent on the character wheel) transition section is set between the corresponding zone, in this section, arrange 1～4 obstruction sign indicating number that does not repeat with definitions, to produce obstruction or synchronizing signal.The quantity of blocking sign indicating number can guarantee also that by the head and the tail that guarantee this group Gray code adjacent two yards are had only this designing requirement of character opposite states that is in same position to decide (promptly this group Gray code is " ring " shape), specifically, based on the ring-type Gray code, part sign indicating number corresponding with the display digit of corresponding character wheel in the ring-type Gray code is called definitions, remaining is for blocking sign indicating number, definitions is exported the demonstration numerical value of corresponding character wheel, blocks sign indicating number and produces obstruction or the synchronizing signal of discerning for follow-up electronic circuit.The definitions character number used with blocking character string that sign indicating number all is " 0 " and " 1 " two status words formations and each yard is identical, has only a character opposite states that is in same position between adjacent two yards, one group code that will have feature like this is called one group of Gray code, this group Gray code in the form of a ring, be its Head-Til stroke Chinese code also by adjacent two yards requirements, also have only a character opposite states that is in same position.Each definitions is only corresponding with certain display digit of character wheel, and each display digit to allow a plurality of definitions corresponding, blocking sign indicating number must be the sign indicating number different with definitions, blocks sign indicating number and to block between the sign indicating number permission identical.As long as keep the neighbouring relations of character wheel display digit, and the neighbouring relations between the definitions are not destroyed, corresponding relation between its definitions and the display digit can be determined arbitrarily, headed by character wheel and connect two display digits of tail (for the decade character wheel, promptly be display digit " 0 " and " 9 ") between insert determined obstructions yard, and keep each intersymbol neighbouring relations of this group ring-type Gray code not to be destroyed.

When character wheel is in the position of normal demonstration number, sensor is counted what read in the status indicator district (seeing accompanying drawing 1) of correspondence in this demonstration be the definitions corresponding with this demonstration number, it can be translated into the scale-of-two output code that can be accepted by computing machine or other digital circuits by code translator.If but position, end character wheel is in the intersection of appointing two-digit except that two display digits of head and the tail, then because two adjacent media codes of its correspondence have only a character opposite states that is in same position, this moment, sensor read must be and this two shows one of pairing definitions of number, and therefore the scale-of-two output code by the code translator gained has only the difference with a word of this position, end character wheel at the most.If position, end character wheel is in the intersection of two display digits of head and the tail, the mechanical counter of this moment must be in the carry or the state of giving up the throne.It must be to block sign indicating number that sensor reads corresponding status signal; Taken place to block or synchronizing signal by code translator, the former data of depositing of data register maintenance of indication back are constant or shift to an earlier date carry (or giving up the throne) to next output data.Therefore when position, end character wheel was in the head and the tail intersection, output code also only differed a word that is equivalent to position, end character wheel with the mechanical counter displayed value at the most.

Obviously when the one or more character wheels in front are in the intersection of two displayed values, no matter this intersection is the head and the tail boundary or the boundary of other two consecutive numbers of this character wheel, position, end this moment character wheel must be in the head and the tail intersection, and its sensor also must be read and block sign indicating number.Because the acting in the process of boundary the data register content and will remain unchanged or shift to an earlier date carry of this obstructions sign indicating number.So output code also only differs a word that is equivalent to position, end character wheel with the mechanical counter displayed value at the most.

To sum up, utilize the conversion accuracy of the utility model establishment mechanical counter analog-digital commutator that media code constituted to guarantee the binary code of output and the word that the difference between the mechanical counter displayed value only is equivalent to position, end character wheel at the most.

Be in the two-value intersection at the mechanical counter displayed value, especially occurring in carry status has the display digit of a plurality of character wheels to be in the change procedure, this media code can avoid reading mistakenly mechanical displayed value, make the electron number code value of output and mechanical displayed value that the difference of a word only be arranged on the minimum character wheel of mechanical counter at the most, also can guarantee this performance even the character wheel of minimum several of mechanical counter is under the situation of almost rotating continuously.

The utility model is compared with background technology, the one, do to adopt in the instrument of cummulative metering value this patent to provide technology to carry out data remote or distant place inquiry at employing mechanical counters such as electric energy meter, water meter, gas meters, can guarantee that the metering accumulated value between field instrument and the long-range meter reading device is synchronously consistent; The 2nd, adopt measuring instrument product of the present utility model, can adapt to the working method of from top to bottom carrying out the real-time inquiry of data; The 3rd, adopt measuring instrument product of the present utility model, be in the two-value intersection at the mechanical counter displayed value, especially occurring in carry status has the display digit of a plurality of character wheels to be in the change procedure, electron number code value and the mechanical displayed value of output only has the difference of a word at the most on the minimum character wheel of mechanical counter, also can guarantee this performance under the situation of rotation continuously even the character wheel of minimum several of mechanical counter is in almost.

Accompanying drawing and subordinate list explanation:

Fig. 1 is multidigit mechanical counter misread preventing analog-digital commutator structured flowchart and workflow.

Fig. 2 is common Gray code Karnaugh map.

Fig. 3 is the Karnaugh map (" 9 " " 8 " are the obstruction sign indicating number for two yards among the figure) of the media code of ten common Gray code composition decade character wheels in the past.

Fig. 4 is (1 figure place character wheel) the conversion equipment synoptic diagram with four sign band four-sensors.

Fig. 5 is adjacent two yards and has only a sign band synoptic diagram that is in the character opposite states of same position.

Several common Gray codes constituted the example of decade, duodecimal counter media code before subordinate list 1 was to use.

Subordinate list 2 is the examples (each yard is all inequality in table, and may specifying wherein arbitrarily, 1～2 sign indicating number is the obstruction sign indicating number) that can constitute " ring " shape Gray code of decimal counter media code.

Reaching subordinate list in conjunction with the accompanying drawings does with narration the present invention.

Do not having under the condition of other particular constraints, find one group of Gray code not difficult, especially decade, duodecimal and the required Gray code of sexadesimal system character wheel.Accompanying drawing 2 promptly is the Karnaugh map of preceding 16 sign indicating numbers of Gray code used on the commercialization code-disc.Each sign indicating number is all represented with its corresponding weighted code in accompanying drawing 2, promptly supposes sensor G ₁, G ₂, G ₃, G ₄The status signal that is read has the right 8,4,2,1 and the decimal number that constitutes respectively; Because Gray code is had no right in essence, because of only being for the convenience on explaining than this literary style, there is no other implications.Can obviously find out on scheme adjacent two yards also be adjacent on figure and also these 16 yards end to end.Therefore as long as can constitute Gray code required for the present invention greater than the demonstration number on the character wheel at the number of finding out one group of end to end and contained sign indicating number arbitrarily by neighbouring relations on the Karnaugh map.The media code of ten common Gray code formation decimal counter character wheels before having listed in accompanying drawing 3 and the subordinate list 1.In subordinate list 2, also listed the example of other decimal system media codes.

Because Gray code haves no right, so the listed sensor number of this instructions, the weights that each sensor is composed are all only for the convenience on explaining, and nonessential numbering like this and compose power.And selected that group Gray code as media code itself there is no specific head and the tail, and is therefore listed also not exclusive with relation output code in the table, can select the orientation of head and the tail and Gray code arbitrarily.Do not influence the function of media code this moment, and only code translator need be made corresponding modification.

Block head and the tail that sign indicating number generally the is arranged in character wheel corresponding tag slot that has a common boundary.To unidirectional counter, the obstruction sign indicating number takies the corresponding tag slot of that numeral headed by the character wheel usually; To bi-directional counter, block two sides that sign indicating number is arranged in the tag slot boundary line of character wheel head and tail corresponding usually, take headed by the character wheel respectively and meet the respective identification district of tail.Because other technical reason, for example because the minimum length of the sign band that sensor can be differentiated is long, for the blocking time that does not make the head and the tail intersection long, except character wheel head and the tail intersection, also unnecessary obstruction sign indicating number can be arranged in the intersection of the tag slot of other adjacent numerals of character wheel in case of necessity; Though this arrangement can cause unnecessary obstruction or synchronous, does not influence the actual use of analog-digital commutator.Under the situation that the code-disc size allows, also can once and not transfer some appearance to definitions at character wheel obstruction sign indicating number from beginning to end, just unnecessary obstruction can not occur this moment, and be unlikely to that at the head and the tail intersection arranged long blocking time.Tens examples that common Gray code carries out above-mentioned processing before in subordinate list 1.Adopt above-mentioned processing, the pairing tag slot of each display digit of mechanical counter character wheel is equal length mostly, is one or several definitions in this tag slot no matter; But if sign indicating number has also been arranged to block in this digital tag slot, then block the length that sign indicating number will take its tag slot, each sign length of blocking sign indicating number generally equates with the minimum length that sensor can be differentiated.

As mentioned above, key problem in technology of the present utility model is a Gray code of selecting one group of end to end being " ring " shape dog, as required it is divided into definitions and blocks sign indicating number.Make originally and can only be applied to the multidigit mechanical counter less than the technology popularization of the Gray code misread preventing of 360 ° of angular displacements or displacement of the lines at corner.For decade, duodecimal and sexagesimal mechanical counter, because the required output code of its each character wheel is no more than 60, therefore is easy to take up an official post and gets one group of design basis that is the Gray code of " ring " shape as required media code with tens of the front common Gray codes or at Karnaugh map.Subordinate list 1, subordinate list 2 and accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3 have just been enumerated several examples commonly used.When one group of Gray code is used as the media code of a converter, should judge that at first which sign indicating number can make to block sign indicating number, as long as this sign indicating number only occurs once in group, it both can be used as definitions and also can do to block sign indicating number, but this sign indicating number is as if secondary occurring or then can only be as obstruction yard more than the secondary.As long as guaranteeing has the sign indicating number of obstruction between the character wheel display digit from beginning to end, the neighbouring relations between the Gray code are not destroyed, and the corresponding relation of media code and output code then can be selected arbitrarily.

Technical characterstic according to the instrument and meter that uses this mechanical counter, select photoelectricity, electromagnetism, magnetoelectricity, induction, inductance, electric capacity, resistance or hall effect sensor and corresponding sign band, this and 360 ° of degree corners there is no essential distinction with interior Gray code analog to digital converter, only media code is different to the code translator of electric signal output code, it is except output electric signal output code, when reading the obstruction sign indicating number, also should send obstruction or synchronizing signal and be correspondingly processed, guarantee conversion accuracy for subsequent conditioning circuit.Its principle of work and structured flowchart are seen accompanying drawing 1.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of multidigit mechanical counter misread preventing analog-digital commutator that is used for, it judges the current display digit of character wheel by the status signal that sensor reads the sign band, by code translator it is translated into output code or produces obstruction or synchronizing signal, it is characterized in that: sign with on status signal be according to by one group by definitions with block the ring-type Gray code that sign indicating number constitutes and identify, definitions is corresponding with the display digit of character wheel, blocks sign indicating number and produces obstruction or the synchronizing signal of discerning for follow-up electronic circuit.

2, the multidigit mechanical counter misread preventing analog-digital commutator that is used for according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: definitions and obstruction sign indicating number are identified at sign and are with, sign band guarantees that with physical construction the character wheel of itself and counter rotates synchronously, each display digit of character wheel has the tag slot of a length basically identical corresponding with it, and the status signal of this tag slot is represented one or several definitions corresponding with this display digit.

3, the multidigit mechanical counter misread preventing analog-digital commutator that is used for according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: one of insertion or several obstruction sign indicating numbers are corresponding with it between character wheel end numeral and these two corresponding tag slots of display digit of initial number (is " 9 " and " 0 " to decimal system character wheel), when carry takes place, produce by code translator and block or synchronizing signal by blocking sign indicating number, again by follow-up electronic circuit in addition misread preventing handle.

4, the multidigit mechanical counter misread preventing analog-digital commutator that is used for according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: block in the pairing sign band zone of transition of sign indicating number, each blocks the shared length of the corresponding identification signal of sign indicating number and is not less than the minimum length that selected sensor can be discerned.For the mechanical counter of two-way use, described zone of transition is positioned at the digital corresponding identification of character wheel head and the tail and distinguishes boundary line two sides, digital corresponding identification district one side headed by then zone of transition can only take to the mechanical counter of unidirectional use.

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