CN2454036Y - Settling mouth of hydrocyclone - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a sand settling port of a hydraulic cyclone. The position of an ore discharging hole on the bottom of a past sand settling port is changed, the bottom is sealed, and the side face of a hollow circular cone is provided with a plurality of symmetric and downward inclined ore discharging hole. The improved sand settling port can raise the classification efficiency of a hydraulic cyclone. The utility model is suitable for hydraulic cyclones with various diameters and can be used for classification, oil and water separation, solid and liquid separation, the separation of immiscible liquids with different specific densities, etc.

Description

The hydrocyclone spigot

The utility model belongs to the hydrocyclone technical field, is specifically related to the improvement of hydrocyclone spigot.

Hydrocyclone is to utilize centrifugal force field, realizes the equipment of feed separation according to the difference of raw meal particle size and proportion.Compare with grader it have simple in structure, floor space is little, easy to operate, production capacity big, the classification efficiency advantages of higher.It is widely used in the mine classification, desliming, industries such as operation and oil, chemical industry such as concentrate, clarify, sort.

The basic structure of hydrocyclone is: it is made up of the cylinder on top and cone two parts of bottom.Mineral-feeding pipe and overflow pipe are installed in cylindrical top, and spigot is installed in the bottom of cone.After ore pulp feeds cyclone along cylindrical top edge feed port with tangential way, produce powerful centrifugal force field, because raw meal particle size and proportion is different, make material radially produce very big-difference with axial sinking speed.Fine size, the material that proportion is little are discharged from the top overflow pipe, form the overflow product; Coarse size, heavy material are discharged from the bottom spigot, form the sand setting product.People have remarkable progress to the research of ore dressing cyclone high-abrasive material for many years, have prolonged several times, tens times service life, have in use played great role.But for classifying cyclone, the raising of classification efficiency makes little progress.Because the environment for use difference of cyclone, its classification efficiency also has very big-difference.If feed ore concentration is big, calculate the grain size content height, the classification efficiency of cyclone is just low, on the contrary classification efficiency is just high.Adopt the FXK-500 line with rubber hydrocyclone of the imitative external krebs type that Liaoyuan Heavy Machinery Plant produces to replace spiral classifier in one section closed circuit grinding flow process as certain copper mine, the technical indicator situation that the technical indicator under the technical parameter condition that cyclone suits and certain copper mine Φ 500 line with rubber hydrocyclones are used for the closed circuit classification of secondary grinding sees Table 1:

Cyclone classification efficiency information slip 1 under the varying environment

Find out that by table 1 use in the closed circuit classification of primary grinding, it is lower that cyclone calculates grain size content to the ore deposit, the classification efficiency height.Use is in the closed circuit classification of secondary grinding, because cyclone is higher to ore deposit calculating grain size content, classification efficiency is lower.Because cyclone specifications and models difference, environment for use difference, and the different in kind of material, its classification efficiency exist than big-difference, high the reaching about 80% of classification efficiency both at home and abroad.But its concentration that feeds material is lower with the content that calculates grade, and the limitation of use is also stronger.

Dresser author and cyclone expert have done a large amount of work to cyclone in decades, particularly number of research projects has been carried out in the design of cyclone parameter, great impetus has been played in the development of cyclone, but the ore discharge mode to spigot is studied less, up to the present, the mineral ejection hole of all spigots all is the bottom that is positioned at spigot, and all has only a mineral ejection hole.

The purpose of this utility model provides the high hydrocyclone spigot of a kind of classification efficiency.

The technical solution adopted in the utility model is: the hydrocyclone spigot is a hollow cone shape, thinner lower end closed, and mineral ejection hole is positioned at the cone side, and downward-sloping, and the mineral ejection hole axis becomes 10-60 degree angle with the central axis of spigot.

Spigot changes the side discharge into by original center discharge, obtaining than quantum jump aspect the raising classification efficiency, contrasts by test, as can be seen the situation of classification efficiency raising.Test is to use Φ 500mm line with rubber hydrocyclone, the graded operation that unites two into one as primary grinding control classification and the closed circuit classification of secondary grinding, mineral ejection hole before changing is in the spigot bottom, aperture Φ=35mm, mineral ejection hole after changing has two, aperture Φ=20mm in the spigot side, cyclone is given ore deposit pressure 0.07-0.1Mpa, and result of the test sees Table two:

Comparison of test results table table 2

Classification	Title	The average mark stage efficiency		One		Two		Three		Four
												-0.074	-0.038	-0.074	-0.038	-0.074	-0.038	-0.074	-0.038	-0.074	-0.038
			Give the ore deposit			61.15	31.95	53.1	28.35	58.25	31.5											48.65	24.4
Before changing	Overflow													80.75	48.25	71.25	51.25	75.5	44.5	80.5	50.45
		Sand setting			43.95	17.6	38.5	10.25	29.25	13.95	28.25											14.75
	After changing											Overflow			84.5	58	84.25	57.5	92.05	73.75	73		45
Sand setting				39.95	9.65	28.8	8	42.25	14	23	3.5
												Classification efficiency	Before changing	35	39.22	38.56	35.1	32.49	49	37.58	34.61	31.38	38.17
After changing	49.06	56.96	46.77	55.26	54.81	59	44.65	57.35	50	56.24
											Difference		14.06	17.4	8.21	20.16	23.32	10	7.07	22.74	18.62	18.07

Classification efficiency is a classification matter efficient in the table, is calculated as follows:

E=(α-θ)(β-α)/[α(100-α)(β-θ)]×10000

E, α, β, θ are respectively classification efficiency and give the weight percentage that calculates grade in ore deposit, overflow and the sand setting in the formula.As can be seen from Table 2, the cyclone classification efficient behind the remodeling is apparently higher than the preceding classification efficiency of remodeling, and-0.074mm classification efficiency on average improves 14.06, and-0.038mm classification efficiency on average improves 17.74.The contrast of classification efficiency increase rate sees Table 3 under the various conditions:

Classification efficiency increase rate contrast table 3

Condition	Calculate grade	Improve amplitude peak		Improve minimum radius
						Give the ore deposit identical	-0.074mm	22.32		7.07
-0.038mm	22.74		10
					Give the ore deposit difference		-0.074mm	23.43		6.09
-0.038mm	24.39		6.26
						Give the ore deposit difference	-0.074mm	Maximum and maximum value difference	16.81	Minimum of a value and minimum value difference	15.39
-0.038mm	Maximum and maximum value difference	10	Minimum of a value and minimum value difference	20.65

As shown in Table 3, classification efficiency before using cyclone classification efficient of the present utility model under any condition, not to be lower than spigot to improve (the highest ranked efficient after amplitude peak is meant improvement in the table with improve before lowest hierarchical efficient compare, minimum radius be meant after the improvement lowest hierarchical efficient with improve preceding highest ranked efficient and compare).

Can think that the spigot after the improvement has changed shape and the relative position that the inner zero-speed envelope of former spigot cyclone face cone bottom is divided, air enters the bottom air column that cyclone forms from spigot when also having avoided former spigot big.Therefore being a kind of innovation for cyclone sand setting ore discharge mode, is a breakthrough for improving classification efficiency.

Further specify structure of the present utility model below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of hydrocyclone;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of existing spigot;

Fig. 3 is a structural representation of the present utility model.

Among Fig. 1, hydrocyclone is made of upper cylinder 2 and bottom cone 3, and cylinder 2 tops are equipped with feed port 1 and overfall 5, and spigot 4 is installed in cone 3 bottoms.Existing spigot is an open circles centrum, and circular mineral ejection hole is arranged at its bottom.The utility model also is an open circles centrum, but the bottom seals, and mineral ejection hole is positioned at the side, and downward-sloping, can be a plurality of symmetrical distributions, and the axis of mineral ejection hole becomes 10-60 degree angle with the axis of spigot.According to the size that how much determines the aperture of perforate, its rule is: $d=\sqrt{n}D/n$ D is the side opening aperture in the formula, and D is former centre bore aperture, and n is the number of perforate, and makes the distance h ≈ d of side opening lower edge to the bottom.Owing to be not, can suitably increase sidewall thickness, to prolong spigot service life at bottom opening.Side opening quantity is too much unsuitable, is to be fit to 2-4 generally.If side opening quantity is too much, though useful to classification efficiency, spigot easily stops up.Life cycle shortens.The utility model may extend to the cyclone of any size diameter, so long as be used for classification or detached job all can, also can promote in industries such as coal, oil, chemical industry, be used for classification, water-oil separating, mushy stage separation and the immiscible fluid separation applications of different specific weight, application prospect is very wide.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of hydrocyclone spigot, it is an open circles centrum shape, it is characterized in that the lower end closed that it is thinner, and mineral ejection hole is positioned at the cone side, and is downward-sloping, and the mineral ejection hole axis becomes 10-60 degree angle with the central axis of spigot.

2, hydrocyclone spigot according to claim 1 is characterized in that mineral ejection hole is a plurality of, is symmetrically distributed.

3, hydrocyclone spigot according to claim 2 is characterized in that closing between the aperture D of the single mineral ejection hole of aperture d and bottom of n mineral ejection hole and is: $d=\sqrt{n}D/n$ 。

4,, it is characterized in that mineral ejection hole is 2-4 according to claim 2 or 3 described hydrocyclone spigots.

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