CN2447879Y - Multi-functional geometrical optics demonstrator - Google Patents
Multi-functional geometrical optics demonstrator Download PDFInfo
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- CN2447879Y CN2447879Y CN 00244699 CN00244699U CN2447879Y CN 2447879 Y CN2447879 Y CN 2447879Y CN 00244699 CN00244699 CN 00244699 CN 00244699 U CN00244699 U CN 00244699U CN 2447879 Y CN2447879 Y CN 2447879Y
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- light source
- geometrical optics
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a multifunctional geometrical optics demonstrator. The utility model is characterized in that the upper part of a light path display box is provided with a laser source, the inner part of the box body is provided with optical elements and the device thereof, the optical elements can demonstrate various optical experiments, the periphery of the box body which has an openable upper cover is sealed with the bottom of the box, light beam entrance windows that are provided with glass are installed on the upper cover, at the bottom of the box, and on the right side wall of the box body, the external sides of the windows are provided with a light source seat and the front of the box body is provided with a piece of glass that can observe the internal optical path of the box body.
Description
Affiliated technical field and the deficiencies in the prior art:
Middle school physics teaching material geometrical optics part, lecture experiment is many, carries out lecture experiment the student is grasped the geometrical optics rule, understands the light path of geometrical optics, it is most important to perform index path, and carry out the geometrical optics experiment at first should have high-quality source of parallel light and a few bundle direction of light to regulate respectively; Secondly, light path should become clear, clear.
The light source that the existing geometric optical instrument uses mainly contains two classes:
(1) directional light that is converged to of incandescent lamp: the shortcoming of this light source mainly is: the depth of parallelism is bad, and brightness is not high; Be white light, be difficult for causing enough attentions of student.
(2) be converged to directional light with more powerful special bulb, resolve into the red, green, blue three-beam through prism again.This light source depth of parallelism, brightness increase, and is bright in luster.But when using this light source to do the lens principle experiment, because three kinds of coloured light refractive indexes are different, lens are inconsistent to their convergences and degree of divergence, on the contrary inconvenience explanation focus; In addition, this light source can not be demonstrated lens simultaneously to the effect of three special light i.e. (light of crossing photocentre does not change direction, is parallel to the light path of the light of main shaft and overfocus).
Existing instrument shows the method for light path: utilize the diffuse reflection of optical screen to light.I.e. observation optical path on optical screen.Its weak point is: 1. luminance shortage, and it is bigger influenced by ambient light illumination, often need make troubles to teaching at darker laboratory experiment; 2. light path can only show in the plane, no stereoscopic sensation.
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, design a kind of light path clear display, and can finish the effect of reflection law, refraction law, male and fomale(M﹠F) mirror to light, lens are measured the multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device of junior-senior high school geometrical optics experiments such as liquid refractive index, telescope, microscopical imaging optical path roughly to the effect of light.
The utility model specifically is achieved in that
A kind of multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device relates to the light path show case, and light source is characterized in that:
A, described light path show case are a casing with openable loam cake, casing periphery and sealing at the bottom of the case, at the bottom of the case, a side of casing and on cover and respectively have a light beam entrance window, wherein the window of light beam entrance window is equipped with glass, and seal with its periphery around the glass, the periphery of light beam entrance window is provided with light source base, is fixed with a horizontal peg on the left and right sides tank wall on the top in casing, and the tank wall in casing front is a transparent material plate;
B, light source place on the light source base;
Optical element is equipped with in appropriate position in C, the casing.
Described light source relates to the laser tube, and the tray deck of laser tube and set nut are wherein drawn slideway on the tray deck, and set nut places slideway, and the other end blocks the laser tube, one side also be provided with the fastener that cooperates with light source base at tray deck.Its laser tube is preferably 3, and correspondingly set nut also has 3, to demonstrate experiments such as directional light preferably.
Described light source base is to be fixed in light beam entrance window both sides and to constitute the clamp of certain interval with the light beam entrance window, one side tray deck be wider than tray deck, and this limit and tray deck meet at right angles and constitute fastener.
Hang with index plate on the described peg, the periphery of index plate indicates angle mark, and index plate can dig slit along MM ＇ to omiting the off-center place along NN ＇ to bending, is inserted with level crossing in the slit, and the upper edge of index plate is bent into hook backward, is hung on the peg.
Also be fixed with a pull bar parallel with hook on the described index plate, also be installed with a hole in the relevant position of casing, pull bar stretches out outside the casing after passing this hole.
Carrier base also is housed on the base plate of described casing, is equipped with cylinder male and fomale(M﹠F) mirror or combined prism on the carrier base.
In the utility model, the shape of the light beam entrance window that casing and casing are offered above may be rectangle, circle or other shape, is advisable but be rectangle.
This overlaps multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device and has following distinguishing feature:
1, utilize laser to make light source: light beam is the monochromatic ruddiness of diameter 2-3 millimeter, and is bright in luster, brightness is high, light beam is thin, and the depth of parallelism is good, can regard approximate light as.Make power supply with three joint No.5 cells, easy to use, the life-span is long.
2, be installed on the light source dish with three laser tubes, three-beam can independently be regulated and control, and both can demonstrate parallel beam incident, but also several Shu Guang of sending of simulation points light source.
3, light path display packing: utilize the light path show case to show light path.Chest removes following pane, and all the other each faces are all light tight, and the inside and outside luminance contrast of case is big; Dispensing an amount of smog or put into a little suspended particulates and make the diffuse reflection medium in water in case again, the light requirement screen just not can be observed bright-colouredly, bright, has relief light path.
4, function is many: cooperate ordinary lens again with this cover instrument, can finish the effect to light of reflection of light law, refraction law, male and fomale(M﹠F) mirror.Lens are to the research of the effect of light; The rough refractive index of measuring water, first, high geometrical optics experiment such as telescope, microscopical imaging optical path.
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of the utility model light path show case.Fig. 2 is the vertical view of light path show case.Fig. 3 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 2.Fig. 4 is the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 2.Fig. 5 is the vertical view after the light source bracket dish amplifies.Fig. 6 is that the C of Fig. 5 is to view.Fig. 7 is the enlarged drawing that the D-D of Fig. 5 analyses and observe.Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of laser tube.Fig. 9 is the front elevation after index plate amplifies.Figure 10 is that the E of Fig. 9 is to diagrammatic sketch.Figure 11 is an index plate bending state synoptic diagram.Figure 12 is the schematic perspective view of cylinder male and fomale(M﹠F) mirror.Figure 13 is the side view of one of combined prism.Figure 14 is two a side view of combined prism.Figure 15 is the front elevation of prism bracket.Figure 16 is the cut-open view of carrier base.Figure 17 is the refraction and the total reflection light path figure of light.Figure 18 is the special light path of light figure of three of convex lens.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described further.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the structure of the light path show case that a kind of multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device is related comprises a rectangular box 1 with openable loam cake 2 that is formed by the sheet iron pressure welding, casing 1 periphery and sealing at the bottom of the case, left side at the bottom of case, respectively have a rectangular light beam entrance window 3 on the right side wall of casing 1 and the loam cake 2,4 and 5, the window of each light beam entrance window is equipped with glass, and seal with the window periphery around the glass, the window periphery also is provided with light source base 6, also be fixed with a horizontal peg 9 on the left and right sides tank wall on the top in casing 1, the tank wall in casing 1 front is a glass that is embedded on the casing 1.
Described light source base 6 is for being fixed in light beam entrance window 3,4 and 5 both sides and constituting the clamp of certain intervals with light beam entrance window 3,4 and 5.
On casing 1 upper left-hand wall, also have an aperture, draining valve is equipped with in casing 1 bottom.
As Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the described concrete structure of the light source on the light source base 6 that places is: drawn slideway on a tray deck 7, be equipped with 3 set nuts 13 that can move along slideway on the slideway, card has laser tube 11 on each set nut 13, the laser tube also can rotate on tray deck 7 by adjusting lock nut 13, bottom at tray deck 7 also is provided with the fastener 10 that cooperates with light source base 6, and fastener 10 is wider than tray deck 7 and is met at right angles with tray deck 7.
The structure of described laser tube 11 is: at a housing afterbody laser diode 17, convex lens 19 are housed, between laser diode 17 and convex lens 19, spring 18 is housed also, in convex lens 19 fronts focus adjustment nut 20 is housed also, is provided with end cap 21 at the housing leading section.
On tray deck 7, also be provided with the binding post 12 of laser diode 17.
The circuit working principle of laser tube 11 is, in a DC circuit, is parallel with three laser tubes 11, between laser tube 11 and the circuit, be provided with a three-way switch.In this example, replaced the effect of three-way switch by binding post 12.
As Fig. 9, Figure 10 and Figure 11, the circumference of described index plate 8 is marked with angle mark, and index plate 8 can be along NN ＇ to bending, dug slit 14 along MM ＇ to omiting the off-center place, can insert level crossing in the slit 14, the upper edge of index plate 8 is bent into hook 16 backward, and hook 16 is hung on the peg 9.
Also be fixed with pull bars 15 parallel with hook 16 on index plate 8 tops, pull bar 15 stretches out outside the casing 1 after passing the aperture of casing 1 right upper portion.
Also can place a carrier base 26 as shown in figure 16 on the base plate of casing 1, cylinder male and fomale(M﹠F) mirror 22 shown in Figure 12 can insert in the carrier base 26.After also can loading onto support 25 shown in Figure 15 on the carrier base 26, again Figure 13 or combined prism shown in Figure 14 are placed on the prong of support 25.
This multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration box can be demonstrated following Experiments of Optics:
1, demonstration reflection of light and checking reflection of light law: insert level crossing in the level crossing jack 14 of index plate 8, index plate 8 is hung on the index plate peg 9, pull bar 15 passes from case left side wall aperture; In case, spray into an amount of smog, build case lid 2.Light source dish 7 is contained on the light beam entrance window 3, connects a laser tube power supply, the adjusting lock nut 13, the red laser beam that the laser tube is sent is mapped on the level crossing along index plate 8 at a certain angle, regulate pull bar 15, making NN ＇ is normal, just can observe the light path of reflected light and incident light.The right half of of index plate 8 taken off from peg 9, the right is bent forward, reflected light is blocked; Bending backward again, reflected light occur again but not on right half of plane.So draw the conclusion of reflected light, incident light, the three-way coplane of normal; Index plate the right is hung back peg revert to same plane, just can read reflection angle, incident angle, draw the conclusion that reflection angle equals incident angle.
2, the refraction law of research light: install the samely, take off level crossing, in case, be filled to index plate MM ＇ place from level crossing jack 14.In water, put into an amount of fluorescent powder or other suspended particulates, a little smog of spray on the water surface.Reflection and refraction take place to the water surface at the water surface in 8 oblique fires simultaneously from window 3 along index plate to allow a laser tube send beam of laser.This moment as seen clearly the reflection, refractive light paths.It is normal that mobile index plate 8 makes NN ＇, can read refraction angle, reflection angle, incident angle; Bending index plate 8 right one side of something again observes.Can get bright dipping and from air, inject law of refraction in the water.Also can calculate the relative index of refraction of water roughly by n=sini/sinr.
Make three laser tubes simultaneously luminous, regulate beam direction, a branch of light is perpendicular in the water surface directive air, and a branch of incident angle is less than 48.7 ° (48.7 ° is the critical angle of water), and a branch of incident angle is greater than 48.7 °, as Figure 17.Then observe the situation of vertical interface incident, total reflection simultaneously, and compare with general refraction.
3, demonstrate the effect of spherical mirror: open draining valve, drain the water in the case to light.Cylinder concave and convex lenses 22 are fixed on the carrier base 26, put into case, it is high together to adjust the center that highly makes its center and window 5, in case, spray into an amount of smog, build case lid light source dish 7 is installed on the window 5, regulate two laser tube positions and direction, be mapped on concave surface or the convex mirror with allowing two bundle laser parallel, can be observed complete light path, see the effect of spherical mirror light.
4, study the effect of lens to light: device changes spherical mirror into lens with 3, regulates its height and position, and the directive lens can be observed the effect of lens to directional light with allowing two bundle laser parallel.Make three laser tubes simultaneously luminous, regulate the position of three beams direction of light and lens, allow a branch of parallel light in main shaft, a branch of overfocus, a branch of photocentre (along main shaft) of crossing are injected lens.As Figure 18, just can observe three special light paths of lens simultaneously, this has great role to the index path that the student grasps lens imaging.
5, study the refraction of prism to light: device is with 4, and the lens of taking away are placed on prism to be fixed on the support 25 puts into the suitable position of case on the carrier base 26.Allow a branch of light inject from right-hand, visible light is to prism base deviation.Combined prism 23 or 24 is placed on the support 25 replaces single prism, allow two bundle directional light directive combined prisms, observe its effect to directional light, soluble convex lens are to the converging action of light and the concavees lens disperse function to light.
6, utilize two convex lens to cooperate, also can demonstrate microscope, telescopical light path.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device relates to the light path show case, and light source is characterized in that:
A, described light path show case are a casing with openable loam cake (2) (1), casing (1) periphery and sealing at the bottom of the case, at the bottom of the case, respectively have a light beam entrance window (3,4,5) on a side of casing (1) and the loam cake (2), wherein the window of light beam entrance window (4,5) is equipped with glass, and seal with its periphery around the glass, the periphery of light beam entrance window (3,4,5) is provided with light source base (6), be fixed with a horizontal peg (9) on the left and right sides tank wall on the top in casing (1), the positive tank wall of casing (1) is a transparent material plate;
B, light source place on the light source base (6);
Optical element is equipped with in appropriate position in C, the casing (1).
2, multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described light source relates to laser tube (11), the tray deck (7) of laser tube (11) and set nut (13), wherein draw slideway on the tray deck (7), set nut (13) places slideway, the other end blocks laser tube (11), at tray deck (7) one side also be provided with the fastener (10) that cooperates with light source base (6).
3, multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device according to claim 2 is characterized in that described laser tube (11) is 3, and correspondingly set nut also has 3.
4, multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that described light source base (6) is for being fixed in light beam entrance window (3,4,5) both sides and constituting the clamp of certain interval with light beam entrance window (3,4,5), tray deck (7) is wider than on one side of tray deck (7), and this limit and tray deck (7) meet at right angles and constitute fastener (10).
5,, it is characterized in that hanging with on the peg (9) index plate (8) according to the described multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device of claim 1.The circumference of index plate (8) is marked with angle mark, index plate (8) can dig slit (14) along MM ＇ to omiting the off-center place along NN ＇ to bending, and slit is inserted with level crossing in (14), the upper edge of index plate (8) is bent into hook (16) backward, and hook (16) is hung on the peg (9).
6, multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that also being fixed with on the index plate (8) pull bar (15) parallel with hook, relevant position at casing (1) also is installed with a hole, and pull bar (15) stretches out outside the casing (1) after passing this hole.
7, multi-functional geometrical optics demonstration device according to claim 1 is characterized in that also being equipped with carrier base (26) on the base plate of casing (1), be equipped with cylinder male and fomale(M﹠F) mirror (22) or combined prism (23,24) on the carrier base (26).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00244699 CN2447879Y (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2000-10-17 | Multi-functional geometrical optics demonstrator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00244699 CN2447879Y (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2000-10-17 | Multi-functional geometrical optics demonstrator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2447879Y true CN2447879Y (en) | 2001-09-12 |
Family
ID=33604335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00244699 Expired - Fee Related CN2447879Y (en) | 2000-10-17 | 2000-10-17 | Multi-functional geometrical optics demonstrator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2447879Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103544873A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-29 | 郭茂清 | Optical fiber communication principle demonstration instrument |
-
2000
- 2000-10-17 CN CN 00244699 patent/CN2447879Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103544873A (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2014-01-29 | 郭茂清 | Optical fiber communication principle demonstration instrument |
| CN103544873B (en) * | 2012-07-16 | 2016-01-06 | 郭茂清 | Optical fiber communication principle demonstration instrument |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |