CN2435871Y - Automatic protective switch for use in small industrial and mining area - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic protective switch for small industrial mines, which is composed of a three-phase ac contactor 1, a power supply circuit 2 for a contactor coil, a three-phase rectifying power supply 3, a phase-loss monitoring circuit 4 of the three-phase power supply, a photoelectric coupling circuit 5, a phase-loss control circuit 6 of the three-phase power supply, a three-phase load phase-loss monitoring circuit 7, a three-phase load overload monitoring circuit 8, a phase-loss overload alarm circuit 9 and a power-supply control circuit 10 of the contactor coil, which are connected together. The utility model can be combined with the ac contactor, can be arranged on the three-phase power supply as a main switch without malfunction, and can be especially suitable for protecting from phase loss and current overload and alarming for small industrial mines and small workshops with the voltage drop variation range greater than about +-25%.

Description

The mining Automatic Protection Switching of unskilled labourer

The utility model relates to a kind of tight protective circuit device of automatic disconnection that the harmful variation that departs from the normal electrical working condition is directly reacted, and specifically is meant a kind of Automatic Protection Switching that is specially adapted to little industrial and mineral and little workshop.

Have the emergency protective circuit device of making class integrated protections such as phase shortage and current overload that on three-phase circuit and electromechanical equipment, uses now; though phase shortage and current overload are had protective effect really very much; but they can not be used as the three phase mains master switch and use; because when no-load current on the way circuit or load current are too small; it also can be mistakened as makes phase shortage and produces mistake protection action, so that influences the normal electricity consumption of other electric equipment on the way circuit.In addition, existing phase shortage overload protective device is not include A.C. contactor mostly, so the user disposes contactor again and protector carries out the wiring assembling, and some user does not understand how to assemble and wiring, and this just brings inconvenience to the user.And the protector that minority is combined into one A.C. contactor; mostly what adopt is to fall behind the out-of-date thermal relay and the combination of contactor again; adopt contactor that electric mode controls even wherein have; but the power supply of contactor line bag all is again to adopt Alternating Current Power Supply, and the mode of Alternating Current Power Supply may not used greater than ± 25% the little industrial and mineral of only paying attention to short its behavior and territory, unskilled labourer place in starting fluctuation of pressure drop scope.Also have, now a lot of phase shortage overload protective devices are the alarm free device all, even and installed warning device, also be alarm by single-phase control transformer power supply, also have only the warning reliability of 1/3rd probability when therefore open-phase fault occurring.

In view of this; this practical purpose; be that a kind of Automatic Protection Switching that is specially adapted to little industrial and mineral and the use of unskilled labourer field that A.C. contactor is combined into one that the three phase mains master switch uses that can be used as is provided, accomplish simultaneously when three-phase scarce any produces overload mutually, can both do reliable warning.

Referring to Fig. 1 the utility model electricity functional-block diagram, solution of the present utility model is as follows.Its circuit part is by three-phase ac contactor 1, contactor line bag power supply circuits 2, three-phase rectifier power supply 3, three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4, photoelectricity coupling circuit 5, three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6, threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7, threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8, phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9 and contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 connect to form, wherein the power supply output of contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 links to each other with the line bag of three-phase ac contactor 1, the power output end of three-phase rectifier power supply 3 and photoelectricity coupling circuit 5, three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6, threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7, threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8, the working power end of phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9 and contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 joins so that dc supply to be provided, the output of three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4 links to each other with the input control end of photoelectricity coupling circuit 5, the input of the output of photoelectricity coupling circuit 5 and three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6 joins, three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6, the output control terminal of threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 and threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 all links to each other with the controlled end of input of contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10, the input of another output of threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 and threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 joins, the warning output of threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 links to each other with the input control end of phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9, and the controlled end of input of the output control terminal of contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 and contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 joins.

The utility model with foregoing circuit structure is when installing and using, three power inputs of the upper end of three main contacts of three-phase ac contactor 1, three-phase rectifier power supply 3 and three power inputs of three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4 all are connected with A, B, the C three-phase of three-phase alternating current electrical network respectively by knife switch, also the power input of contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 are connected with any two-phase in A, B, the C three-phase simultaneously.In the lower end of three main contacts of A.C. contactor 1, then can insert three-phase respectively with electric loading (as motor etc.) and single-phase usefulness electric loading (as illuminating lamp etc.) by switch.So as long as close a floodgate power supply, the power output end of three-phase rectifier power supply 3 is just supplied with foregoing circuit 5～10 respectively with direct-current working volts (owing to be three-phase rectifier power supply, even power supply lacks any phase, also can supply sufficient direct-current working volts).When circuit is used the electric loading access failure, three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6, threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 and threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 all do not have the control signal of phase shortage or overload and export to contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10, therefore this circuit 10 export to the control signal of contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 be make the power input of this circuit 2 be coupled with supply voltage and electric work, so these circuit 2 output supply power voltages are given the line bag of three-phase ac contactor 1, make A.C. contactor 1 get electric adhesive, thereby give the electricity consumption electric that is connected A.C. contactor 1 main contact lower end; When circuit was connected with electric loading, as long as the generation of no phase shortage and overload fault, it is constant that above-mentioned each circuit is still kept its normal operating conditions, and three-phase ac contactor 1 is also still kept it, and to get electric "on" position constant.

When three-phase general supply A, B, C phase shortage take place and when causing with the electric loading phase shortage; threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 output phase shortage control signals are given contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10; make these circuit 10 output control signals give the power input of contactor line bag power supply circuits 2; disconnect the input supply voltage of contactor line bag power supply circuits 2; make the line bag dead electricity of three-phase ac contactor 1 discharge; so the tripping operation of the three-phase main contact of three-phase ac contactor 1 disconnects, thereby protection does not damage because of phase shortage with electric loading.After though three-phase ac contactor 1 tripping operation disconnects, the phase shortage control signal that can make threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 export to contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 is ended, but because three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4 output phase shortage pilot signals are given photoelectricity coupling circuit 5, photoelectricity coupling circuit 5 sends the sort signal coupling to three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6 again, 6 in this circuit can be exported the phase shortage control signal and give contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10, so still can make three-phase ac contactor 1 keep the state that it continues tripping operation, guarantee safety with electric loading.

If three-phase general supply phase shortage is because loose contact causes, and automatic again at once contact is good and recover normal, or fixed a breakdown, obviously, three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4 can stop to export the phase shortage pilot signal and give photoelectricity coupling circuit 5, make three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6 also can stop to export the phase shortage control signal and give contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10, thereby contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 recover the power supply to three-phase exchange tentaculum 1 line bag again, so three-phase ac contactor 1 recovers the power supply of closing a floodgate.

If open-phase fault is to occur in the later circuit in the main contact lower end of three-phase ac contactor and cause A.C. contactor 1 tripping operation, as previously mentioned, the phase shortage control signal that can make threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 export to contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 after the tripping operation is ended; Simultaneously again because the three-phase general supply of main contact upper end phase shortage not, then three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4 does not have the phase shortage pilot signal and gives photoelectricity coupling circuit 5 at this moment, therefore three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6 also is provided with the phase shortage control signal and offers contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10, normally, can recover again to close a floodgate after three-phase ac contactor 1 tripping operation, but do not close a floodgate this moment, illustrate to follow because of phase shortage in the load circuit and overload current occurred, overload current makes threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 output overloading pilot signals give contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10, still can make three-phase ac contactor 1 be in the power failure tripping state, and circuit 8 is gone back the output alarm control signal and is sent warning for phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9, with the alert on-call maintenance.When mechanical breakdown causes current overload, make three-phase ac contactor 1 power failure tripping by threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 output overloading pilot signals equally, phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9 sends warning simultaneously.

The utlity model has following advantage and benefit: 1. it can be contained in and do the master switch use on the three phase mains, no-load current or little load current in the circuit, and it can both normally move power supply, can misoperation.2. it is combined into one A.C. contactor, greatly made things convenient for the user, and the line bag of A.C. contactor power supply adopts is direct current supply, so it is specially adapted to use greater than ± 25% the little industrial and mineral of only paying attention to acts and efforts for expediency and territory, unskilled labourer place in starting fluctuation of pressure drop scope.In general, three-phase power line voltage 260V～500V before combined floodgate, the back 80V～500V that closes a floodgate, phase shortage and overload protection are reliable in the same old way.3. adopted the warning circuit of three phase rectifier power supply, so three-phase lacks any one and can both report to the police mutually, this has just guaranteed the reliability of reporting to the police.4. adopted the photoelectricity coupling circuit to isolate in the three phase mains open-phase protection circuit, the control precision height does not have misoperation.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is the utility model electricity functional-block diagram;

Fig. 2 is a kind of physical circuit schematic diagram of Fig. 1 block diagram.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.Three-phase ac contactor 1 is by comprising wired bag CJ ₁, three-phase main contact CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3With auxiliary normally closed interlock CJ _1-4Three-phase alternating current contact CJ ₁Constitute; Contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 are by diode D ₁To D ₈, capacitor C ₁And control transformer BK ₂Connect to form; Three-phase rectifier power supply 3 is by control transformer BK ₁, diode D ₉To D ₁₄, capacitor C ₂With C ₃And integrated voltage stabilizer IC ₁With IC ₂Connect to form; Three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4 is by resistance R ₁To R ₃, diode D ₁₅To D ₁₈And capacitor C ₄Connect to form; Photoelectricity coupling circuit 5 is by photoelectrical coupler GD, resistance R ₄With R ₅And indicator light DX ₁Connect to form; Three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6 is by triode T ₁, direct current relay J ₁And resistance R ₆Connect to form; Threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 is by triode T ₂To T ₅, direct current relay J ₂With J ₃, diode D ₁₉To D ₂₄, resistance R ₇To R ₁₀, capacitor C ₅To C ₈And inductance coil L ₁To L ₆Connect to form; Threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 is by triode T ₆, direct current relay J ₄, indicator light DX ₂, potentiometer W ₁, resistance R ₁₁With R ₁₂And capacitor C ₉Connect to form; Phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9 is made of loud speaker YD; Contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 is by direct current relay J ₅With single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) K ₂Connect to form.

Each circuit connecting relation is achieved like this in Fig. 2 embodiment in Fig. 1 the utility model technical solution: D ₁, D ₃, D ₅, D ₇Negative pole and C ₁An end join after again with CJ ₁Line Bao Yiduan link to each other D ₂, D ₄, D ₆, D ₈Positive pole and C ₁After the other end joins again with CJ ₁The other end of line bag link to each other D ₁Positive pole and D ₂The continuous common port of negative pole pass through CJ _1-4With BK ₂An end of primary coil join; C ₃Cathode output end respectively with collector electrode, the J of the phototriode of GD ₁To J ₄An end and the J of line bag ₁Normally closed interlock J _1-1Join, and C ₃Cathode output end respectively with T ₁, T ₂, T ₅And T ₆Emitter-base bandgap grading link to each other, like this so that dc supply to be provided; C ₄Cathode output end and R ₄With R ₅Public connecting end join C ₄Cathode output end and R ₄Public connecting end with GD links to each other; The emitter-base bandgap grading of the phototriode of GD and resistance R ₆Be connected; J ₁Normally closed interlock J _1-1, J ₂Normally closed interlock J _2-1, J ₃Normally closed interlock J _3-1And J ₄Normally closed interlock J _4-1J again after the serial connection mutually successively ₅The line bag join J ₂Normally open contact J _2-2Fixed contact and J ₄Normally closed interlock J _4-1Moving contact link to each other T ₁, T ₂, T ₅And T ₆Emitter and K ₂An end join; D ₂₂, D ₂₃And D ₂₄Negative pole common port that connects together and potentiometer W ₁An end join; R ₁₁An end link to each other with the end of YD; J ₅Normally open contact J _5-1An end as the point that connects three phase mains C phase, J _5-1The other end then with D ₃Positive pole, D ₄Negative pole and BK ₂An end of primary coil join.

The utility model of Fig. 2 embodiment when installing and using, CJ ₁Main contact CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3Upper end, BK ₁Primary coil and R ₁To R ₃An end all by fuse and Three-phase knife switch K ₁Be connected with three-phase alternating current electrical network A, B, C three-phase respectively, simultaneously also with BK ₂An end and the B of primary coil link to each other, with J _5-1An end join with C.At CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3The lower end, then can pass through K switch ₃Insert three-phase respectively with electric loading (as motor D) and single-phase usefulness electric loading (as illuminating lamp etc.), and with L ₁To L ₃And L ₄To L ₆Be contained in the three-phase load circuit respectively.So, as long as close K ₁And K ₂, just make D ₉To D ₁₄Get electric rectification, after filtering and voltage stabilizing, C ₃Two ends just provide direct-current working volts to GD, J ₁To J ₅Line bag and T ₁To T ₆When circuit is used the electric loading access failure, J ₁To J ₄All be failure to actuate J ₅Get electronic work, J _5-1Closure, D ₁To D ₈Two groups of bridge rectifier power supplies make CJ ₁The line bag gets electronic work, CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3Close a floodgate, and C _1-4Disconnect D ₁To D ₄No longer power supply is only by D ₅To D ₈Give CJ ₁Adhesive is kept in the power supply of line bag.When circuit is connected with load, L ₁To L ₆Must be electric, make T ₂To T ₅Because of base stage gets electric conducting, so J ₂And J ₃The line bag also electronic work, J _2-1Disconnect and J _2-2Closure, and J _3-1Disconnect, but J ₁The line bag still electric, so CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3Continue to close a floodgate.

When causing with the electric loading phase shortage when A, B, C three phase mains generation phase shortage, T ₂To T ₄In have at least one base stage out of hand, make J ₂Line bag dead electricity discharge J _2-2Disconnect and J _2-1Closure, but T ₅Base stage still has control signal to make J ₃The line bag is kept electricly, J _3-1Still disconnect, so J ₅Line bag dead electricity discharges, so CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3Tripping operation disconnects, thereby keeps not damaging because of phase shortage with electric loading.After the electric loading disconnection, though J _3-1Again can be closed, but owing to the three-phase phase shortage makes D ₁₅To D ₁₈Have rectification export to GD (this moment DX ₁Luminous), GD outputs signal to T again ₁And make J ₁Line Bao Dedian is with J _1-1Still can keep J this moment disconnect, so ₅Line bag dead electricity discharges, and just keeps CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3Tripping operation disconnects.

If three-phase general supply phase shortage is to cause owing to loose contact, and automatic again at once contact is good and recovery is normal, or has fixed a breakdown, and is obvious, D ₁₅To D ₁₈Rectified signal be can stop to export and GD, J given ₁The line bag will dead electricity discharges and makes J _1-1So closure is J ₅The line bag return to again electricity condition, J _5-1Closure, CJ ₁Line Bao Dedian, J _1-1, J _1-2And J _1-3Close a floodgate again and power.If phase shortage is to occur in CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3In the later circuit of lower end and cause CJ ₁Tripping operation as previously mentioned, can make J after the tripping operation _3-1Closed again, simultaneously again because CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3The three-phase general supply of upper end is phase shortage not, then this moment D ₁₅To D ₁₈Do not have rectified signal and give GD, therefore, J ₁The line bag can not get electric yet, J _1-1Closed in the same old way, CJ normally ₁Should recover again after the tripping operation to close a floodgate, but not close a floodgate this moment, illustrate then must follow because of phase shortage in the load circuit overload current to have occurred that overload current made D ₂₂To D ₂₄The output signal of negative pole end can be enough to make T ₆So conducting is J ₄Line Bao Dedian and disconnect J _4-1, still can make J ₅Line bag dead electricity and J _5-1Disconnect, cause CJ ₁Line bag dead electricity and CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3Tripping operation disconnects.Meanwhile, D ₂₂To D ₂₄The signal of negative pole output is also through R ₁₁Make loud speaker YD sounding alarm, and DX ₂Make luminous indication.When mechanical breakdown causes current overload, equally by D ₂₂To D ₂₄The negative pole output signal makes T ₆Conducting makes CJ at last ₁Power failure tripping, the YD sounding alarm.

In Fig. 2 embodiment, IC ₁And IC ₂Model adopt 7818 and 7812 respectively, the model of GD can adopt the GH201C type.

Claims (2)

1; the mining Automatic Protection Switching of a kind of unskilled labourer; it is characterized in that; its circuit part is by three-phase ac contactor 1; contactor line bag power supply circuits 2; three-phase rectifier power supply 3; three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4; photoelectricity coupling circuit 5; three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6; threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7; threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8; phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9 and contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 connect to form; wherein the power supply output of contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 links to each other with the line bag of three-phase ac contactor 1; the power output end of three-phase rectifier power supply 3 and photoelectricity coupling circuit 5; three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6; threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7; threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8; the working power end of phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9 and contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 joins so that dc supply to be provided; the output of three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4 links to each other with the input control end of photoelectricity coupling circuit 5; the input of the output of photoelectricity coupling circuit 5 and three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6 joins; three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6; the output control terminal of threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 and threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 all links to each other with the controlled end of input of contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10; the input of another output of threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 and threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 joins; the warning output of threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 links to each other with the input control end of phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9, and the controlled end of input of the output control terminal of contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 and contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 joins.

2, the mining Automatic Protection Switching of unskilled labourer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, three-phase ac contactor 1 is by comprising wired bag CJ ₁, three-phase main contact CJ _1-1, CJ _1-2And CJ _1-3With auxiliary normally closed interlock CJ _1-4Three-phase alternating current contact CJ ₁Constitute; Contactor line bag power supply circuits 2 are by diode D ₁To D ₃, capacitor C ₁And control transformer BK ₂Connect to form; Three-phase rectifier power supply 3 is by control transformer BK ₁, diode D ₉To D ₁₄, capacitor C ₂With C ₃And integrated voltage stabilizer IC ₁With IC ₂Connect to form; Three phase mains phase shortage observation circuit 4 is by resistance R ₁To R ₃, diode D ₁₅To D ₁₈And capacitor C ₄Connect to form; Photoelectricity coupling circuit 5 is by photoelectrical coupler GD, resistance R ₄With R ₅And indicator light DX ₁Connect to form; Three phase mains phase shortage control circuit 6 is by triode T ₁, direct current relay J ₁And resistance R ₆Connect to form; Threephase load phase shortage supervisory circuit 7 is by triode T ₂To T ₅, direct current relay J ₂With J ₃, diode D ₁₉To D ₂₄, resistance R ₇To R ₁₀, capacitor C ₅To C ₈And inductance coil L ₁To L ₆Connect to form; Threephase load overload supervisory circuit 8 is by triode T ₆, direct current relay J ₄, indicator light DX ₂, potentiometer W ₁, resistance R ₁₁With R ₁₂And capacitor C ₉Connect to form; Phase shortage overload-alarm circuit 9 is made of loud speaker YD, and contactor line bag power-supplying circuit 10 is by direct current relay J ₅With single-pole single-throw switch (SPST) K ₂Connect to form.

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