CN2416232Y

CN2416232Y - Four stroke engine

Info

Publication number: CN2416232Y
Application number: CN 00233991
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟荣昌
Original assignee: Jenn Feng Industrial Co ltd
Current assignee: Husqvarna AB
Priority date: 2000-05-10
Filing date: 2000-05-10
Publication date: 2001-01-24
Anticipated expiration: 2010-05-10

Abstract

The utility model relates to a four-stroke engine, which mainly comprises an engine main body and a head, wherein, the engine main body comprises at least one cylinder, a crankshaft, a connecting rod, and a crankcase, a piston is arranged in the cylinder, the connecting rod and the crankshaft are arranged in the crankcase and are connected with the piston; the head comprises a valve cover, an air inlet valve, an air exhaust valve, a valve operating mechanism, and a valve cover, the valve cover tightly closes round the air inlet valve, the air exhaust valve, and the valve operating mechanism, and an enclosed area is closes round in the head; a crankcase additionally comprises a fuel air inlet, a fuel air outlet, and a conduit, wherein, a conduit is arranged between the fuel air outlet and the enclosed area. The utility model has the advantages that mixture flows to the air outlet from the air inlet through the crankcase, and the engine part in the crankcase is lubricated.

Description

Four-journey engine

The utility model system is relevant for a kind of internal-combustion engine, especially a kind ofly is applicable to portable machine four-journey engine.It is that popularity is relatively arranged that small-sized internal combustion is sent out association's machine, also be used in general power plant more widely, for example: chain hard iron machine, blower ... or the like, because science and technology is constantly progressive, technology constantly improves, these power plant are developed into by single to be controlled, therefore be necessary to alleviate the weight of these power plant, and be modified to and be able to different direction to control (for example: laterally or directly to).

Up to the present, nearly all engine with these functions all is two stroke air cooled engines, and with regard to the ratio of each size of weight, this kind engine has preferable power, does not also have too many complicated structure, and can control in different directions; Because using the barrier type Carburetor to add lubricant oil in fuel, this engine system make engine reach lubricated purpose (typical oily vapour-air mixture ratio is 40: 1), so can reach the characteristic of aforementioned two stroke air cooled engines.

In the middle of the two-stroke engine operation of this kind pattern, have some shortcomings to reveal gradually: the consumption rate of fuel increases gradually, noise level is also higher in the operation, and more serious Litter discharging degree is quite high, because contain a large amount of imperfect combustion fuel in the waste gas therein; In nineteen ninety-five, the control machine automobile exhaust thing of California, USA government strictness, the toxic emission of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in the restriction exhaust thing, yet, up to the present, nearly all two-stroke engine does not all meet the standard of California defined, and this exhaust thing standard is scheduled to will soon be useful in other states or the other countries.

Four-journey engine also is well-known engine certainly, the amount that contains hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide in this engine institute exhaust gas discharged thing is also lacked than two-stroke engine, this is obviously as can be known, because four-journey engine uses a more correct mode to exchange Litter and unburned mixture-utilize valve to exchange completely, moreover the noise level of four-journey engine is also less.

In comparison, small-sized four-journey engine is easier to purchase, and brought and used, similarly be at model or rotation aircraft ... Deng, though this engine is small enough to be useful on the hand-held tool, but its effect still is not very satisfactory, because of its structure has the complexity of relativity and cubical content little; General four-journey engine comprises an oil groove and an oil pump, and wherein oil groove is located in the crankcase of engine bottom, and this oil pump drives machine oil in the start district, as overhead-valve and valve operating mechanism.But this lubrication system also is not suitable for all positions.

The U.S.Pat.No.5 that on January 5th, 1993 was applied for, 176, be described to portable four-journey engine lubrication system in the 116 U. S. Patent cases, wherein some engine is lubricated by the machine oil in the crankcase, and another part system uses animal oil to be coated with plug around the start district; Temperature can constantly rise in engine uses, whether this animal oil can provide gratifying lubricity is very shady, because animal oil must be regular cleaning and recharge, if use in wild country or garden for a long time, machine can have problems sooner or later, similarly be on the arranging garden instrument at home, this animal oil neither be very suitable.

The purpose of this utility model is the lubricating structure more complicated that exists at present four-journey engine, and the unfavorable problem of lubrication effect, and a kind of simple structure is provided, high lubricating effect, and fuel gas buring four-journey engine more fully.

Four-journey internal combustion engine described in the utility model, the flammability mixture that is become by fuel, machine oil and air institute flour mixed with adulterants is burnt, wherein:

(a) main structure of this four-journey engine comprises: an engine body, a head and a crankcase;

(b) this head comprises a citadel, a suction valve and is located at valve operating mechanism in the citadel;

(c) aforementioned valve operating mechanism comprises at least one cylinder and is located at the piston that operates repeatedly in the cylinder;

(d) in the aforementioned structure, when piston operated repeatedly, the volume in the crankcase alternately increased thereupon and successively decreases;

(e) in the aforementioned structure, this crankcase side is provided with suction port and relief opening, and when the crankcase internal volume increased, outlet valve combined with suction port, and fluid is flowed in the crankcase;

(f) conduit is located between relief opening and the head, links crankcase and citadel;

(g) the flammability mixture flow is surrounded on crankcase, citadel and valve operating mechanism through admission door, crankcase and valve citadel, the engine structure in lubricated simultaneously crankcase and the valve operating mechanism.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein suction valve communicates with relief opening, and when crankcase volume increased, fluid was able to flow in the conduit from crankcase.

Four-journey engine described in the utility model also can be that this engine is burnt by the flammability mixture that fuel, machine oil and air mixed, wherein:

(a) this four-journey engine structure comprises: a crankcase, cylinder and valve citadel;

(b) piston, a firing chamber and a valve citadel, wherein piston is located in the cylinder running repeatedly, volume in this crankcase is alternately increased thereupon and successively decreases;

(c) be provided with suction port and relief opening in the crankcase, wherein suction port communicates with the supply area of flammability mixture;

(d) valve operating mechanism is located in the valve citadel, includes a suction valve, an outlet valve and a valve operating mechanism, and when this air intake valve was opened, the citadel communicated with the firing chamber, and when this drain tap was opened, the firing chamber communicated with atmosphere;

(e) conduit is connected to the citadel from relief opening, makes mixture be able to flow to the valve citadel by crankcase;

(f) in the middle of the engine operation, the mixture of sufficient quantity can flow through crankcase and valve citadel are lubricated the valve operating mechanism in this district.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein outlet valve is located at this suction port, allows the mixture single direction to flow in the crankcase.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein suction valve is located at this relief opening, and the single side of control mixture is in the crankcase inflow catheter.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein conduit is a pressure stabilizer.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein the valve operating mechanism comprises a startup instrument and a support facility, this startup instrument is in order to starting fluid suction valve and outlet valve, and support facility is in order to support the startup instrument, this support facility and startup instrument are arranged in the citadel and contact with the flammability mixture, in the time of in engine operates, the flammability mixture flow is through around two instruments.

Described four-journey engine structure, comprising a crankshaft and a gear timing tape that rotates, this crankshaft is installed in the crankcase, and this is established the timing tape and is connected on the bent axle, is equiped with aforesaid startup instrument.

Four-journey engine described in the utility model, can also be this engine by the flammability mixture burns that fuel, machine oil and air mixed, comprising:

(a) crankcase, one first cylinder and one second cylinder;

(b) first piston and one second piston, this first piston is located in first cylinder and is moved back and forth repeatedly, this second piston is located in second cylinder and is moved back and forth repeatedly, two-piston lays respectively in first firing chamber and second firing chamber, when running, two-piston is simultaneously toward the crankcase motion, and also with also moving from crankcase, the internal volume of crankcase is because of the change that operates size repeatedly of piston;

(c) contiguous this first firing chamber in the first valve citadel and the second valve citadel and second firing chamber, the first valve citadel and the second valve citadel of this engine are respectively equipped with first valve operating mechanism and second valve operating mechanism;

(d) each valve operating mechanism comprises a suction valve and an outlet valve;

(e) be provided with a suction port and a relief opening in this crankcase at least, can in suction port, import mixture;

(f) conduit has linked aforesaid relief opening, the first valve citadel, second valve citadel and the suction valve, in the engine operation, and mixture flow warp and lubricated crankcase and valve citadel.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein suction port is provided with safety check, allows the fluid single direction to flow into crankcase.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein relief opening is provided with second safety check, allows the fluid single direction to flow in the crankcase.

Described four-journey engine structure wherein comprises a bent axle that rotates in the crankcase, the operation running that cooperatively interacts of this bent axle and piston constitutes the various power stroke circulations of engine.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein this cylinder is located at relative position, and the motion repeatedly toward each other of this piston.

Described engine structure, wherein crankcase and valve citadel are provided with enough spaces mixture are flowed into, and have lubricated the engine parts in this district.

Described four-journey engine structure, its conduit are a U type structure, and an end and crankcase link, and its other end links with the center portion that separate with engine the valve citadel.

Four-journey engine described in the utility model, also can be this engine by the flammability mixture burns that fuel, machine oil and air mixed, comprising:

(a) crankcase, a cylinder and a citadel;

(b) be provided with a firing chamber and a crankcase in this cylinder, because piston motion repeatedly back and forth, piston is motion repeatedly back and forth, and the internal volume of this crankcase is also changed thereupon;

(c) be provided with a suction port and row's mouth in the crankcase, mixture is from this suction port input;

(d) valve operating mechanism is located in the citadel, comprises a suction valve and an outlet valve, when air intake valve is opened, and this citadel and communicate with the firing chamber, and when exhaust valve opening, this citadel communicates with atmosphere;

(e) conduit connects relief opening to the citadel, makes mixture import the citadel from crankcase;

(f) when engine running, mixture has the amount of filling part to flow between crankcase and the citadel, simultaneously the engine configuration in lubricated this district;

(g) this cylinder is provided with cylinder wall, and this cylinder wall is provided with suction port, and when piston moved repeatedly, suction port was alternately opened thereupon and be closed.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein conduit constitutes a U type structure, and this conduit one end is linked on the crankcase, and its other end is attached to the center portion that separate with engine the valve citadel.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein suction port is provided with a safety check.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein engine structure is the cool engine configuration of a vapour.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein mixed steam is supplied from the Carburetor of contiguous suction valve.

Described four-journey engine structure, wherein Carburetor is the carburetion vapour of a comprehensive type.

Compare with existing four-journey engine, the advantage of four-journey engine described in the utility model is, its active region is lubricated by oily vapour mixture, avoided the piece-rate system of disperseing, and this mixture need not to add the separation pressurized machine just can have superpower driving force, does not have imperfect combustion fuel in the waste gas of this engine.This engine configuration is simple, volume is little.

Fig. 1 a is the diagrammatic sectional view of four operating process of the utility model four-journey engine structure to Fig. 1 d;

Fig. 2 a is the diagrammatic sectional view of four operating process of another kind of four-journey engine structure of the present utility model to Fig. 2 d;

Fig. 3 a is the diagrammatic sectional view of two operating process of another four-journey engine structure of the present utility model to Fig. 3 b;

Fig. 4 a is the diagrammatic sectional view of two operating process of another four-journey engine structure of the present utility model to Fig. 4 b;

Fig. 5 a is the tectonic maps of four-journey engine structure of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 b is the base portion sectional drawing of four-journey engine structure of the present utility model;

,110 111112 113114 115116 117118 119120 122123 124125 126127 128129 130210 212216 217222 230231 204241 310311 312315 316a316b 317318a 318b319a 319b328 329330 332a332b 333a333b 410411a 411b416a 416b432a 432b440 441510 511512 513514 515517 518519 522524 526527 528529 531532 536540 541542 543544 547549 558551 552553 554559 561562 563564 566568 569571 572573 574576

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Shown in Fig. 1 a to Fig. 1 d four-journey overhead-valve internal combustion engine 110, Fig. 1 a shows compression stroke

Fig. 1 b shows expansion or power stroke, and Fig. 1 c shows exhaust stroke, and Fig. 1 d shows intake stroke.

The main structure of this engine has: engine body 111, head 113, this engine body 111 is made up of cylinder 114, bent axle 117, connecting rod 118, piston 116 and crankcase 112, wherein piston 116 is arranged at running back and forth repeatedly in the cylinder 114, this bent axle 117 can rotate, and this connecting rod 118 links piston 116 and bent axle 117; Head 113 includes suction valve 119, outlet valve 120, valve gap 122, conduit 123, spark plug 124, end points 125, firing chamber 126, wherein include suction valve 119 and outlet valve 120 in the valve gap 122, this conduit 123 is located at the side of outlet valve 120, carries waste gas (not show among the figure) to baffler from cylinder 114; One end points 125 of this spark plug 124 extends in the firing chamber 126; This firing chamber 126 is arranged between piston 116 lateral margins, cylinder 114 sidewalls and the head 113.

Suction port 128 is arranged at crankcase 112 sidewalls, when engine operates, can learn by the benchmark index on the Carburetor 129 when this fuel air mouth 128 receives flammability mixture, the preferably comprehensive type Carburetor of this Carburetor 129, for example diaphragm-type Carburetor from Carburetor 129; One one-way valve or safety check 130 corresponding suction ports 128 bindings only allow mixture to flow to the inner room 115 of crankcase 112 from Carburetor 129 uniaxiallies; One side of Carburetor 129 air inlets connects a supply tank 127, and oily vapour mixture is housed in this supply tank 127, similarly is gasoline and the machine oil ratio with 40: 1 mixtures, and wherein machine oil is the employed machine oil of general small-sized two-stroke engine; The aforementioned flammability material that flows to crankcase 112 inner rooms 115 from Carburetor 129 is the light oil mixture, this light oil mixture entrained air in Carburetor 129.

In the crankcase 112 and be provided with an outlet valve 131 and a conduit 232, these conduit 132 1 ends are connected on aforementioned crankcase 112 relief openings 131, the other end is connected on head 113 shells 136 and the valve gap 122, therefore, carry mixture by conduit 132 to valve gap 122 citadels 136 from crankcase 112 inner rooms 115.In the engine structure and comprised valve mechanism and operating device, but do not show as yet among Fig. 1 a to Fig. 1 d; This mechanism has comprised that the cam of traditional usefulness and push rod device drive the rocking arm of controlling valve, this cam and push rod are located on inner room 115 and the conduit 132, this rocking arm is located at citadel 136, in addition, can install between the cam mechanism in bent axle 117 and the citadel 136 and advise belt for the moment.

Please referring to shown in Fig. 1 a engine compression stroke, suction valve 119,120 liang of valves of outlet valve are closed condition, piston 116 promotes to head 113, mixture in the compression and combustion chamber 126, when piston 116 upwards promoted, inner room 115 internal volumes that surrounded by crankcase 112 and piston 116 downsides can increase thereupon, so the flammability mixture is extracted out in Carburetor 129 via suction port 128, safety check 130 is simultaneously and opens shape, and mixture is circulated along the valve direction.When engine running will arrive compression stroke at the end nearly, spark plug 124 can igniting, and the flammability mixture in the firing chamber 126, driven plunger 116 promotes downwards then, shown in Fig. 1 b, suction valve 119,120 liang of valves of outlet valve is closes shape; Because when this piston 116 moves down, the volume of crankcase 112 inner rooms 115 can reduce, and therefore increases the pressure of mixture in the inner room 115, and safety check 130 cuts out, and simultaneously, the flammability mixture in the inner room 115, conduit 132 and citadel 136 be pressurized also.

Shown in Fig. 1 b, expand the last of stroke, piston 116 upwards promotes in exhaust stroke once more, and shown in Fig. 1 c, this moment, outlet valve was opened by the valve operating mechanism; In aforementioned expansion stroke,, gas is discharged from firing chamber 126 in cylinder through outlet valve 120 and conduit 123 because piston 116 upwards promotes.

Exhaust stroke is last, and piston 116 is promoting shown in Fig. 1 d downwards in the fuel air stroke once more, and outlet valve 120 is closed, suction valve 119 is opened by the valve operating mechanism; When the downward pushing course of piston 116, attract mixture to enter in the firing chamber 126, drive simultaneously mixture from crankcase 112 inner rooms 115 through conduit 132 and the suction valve 119 of opening shape in fuel chambers 126; Intake stroke at piston 116 is last, and suction valve 119 cuts out, yet piston 116 upwards promotion once more in next compression stroke so, is finished a complete engine operation circulation.

We obviously may see, aforementioned flammability mixture flows to valve gap 122 again from Carburetor 129 crankcase 112 of flowing through, and this mixture forms mist of oil, all zones that need lubricate of flowing through in crankcase 112 inner rooms 115 and valve gap 122; The shell of valve, valve operating mechanism and crankcase contains a kind of mist of oil material that contains, and mist of oil drops on the surface in this start district and adheres to thereon, keeps the lubricated of this zone, continues to provide the lubricated of active region.

To shown in the sectional drawing of Fig. 2 b, wherein the figure number among Fig. 2 is corresponding to the figure number of Fig. 1 as Fig. 2 a for replaceable four-journey engine 210 structures, and back two numerals are constant, and only changing first digit is 2 beginnings.

Please referring to Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 b, engine 210 comprises a conduit 232, crankcase 212, valve gap 222, expansion chamber 240, outlet valve 231 and safety check 241, this conduit 232 forms an accumulator tank or pressure stabilizer, link between crankcase 212 and the valve gap 222, this safety check 241 (or claiming one-way valve) extension is across on the crankcase 212 interior outlet valves 231, as shown in the figure, 241 on safety check allows the mixture single direction to flow in the expansion chamber 240 from crankcase 212 inner rooms 115.

Mode of operation of this engine 210 and aforementioned engine operation are similar, when the expansion stroke, mixture is subjected to than the bigger pressure of mixture in the conduit 132 in the expansion chamber 240, comparison chart 2a is to Fig. 2 b, when piston 216 up promotes in compression stroke, mixture can be drawn into crankcase inner room 115 from Carburetor, and safety check 241 is and cuts out shape; When engine was controlled at the expansion stroke, shown in Fig. 2 b, piston 216 promoted downwards, and suction valve 230 cuts out thereupon, forces the mixture pressurized to flow into expansion chamber 240 and pressurized; Shown in Fig. 2 c, in the expansion stroke, mixture is closed in the manifold chambers by suction valve 119 and outlet valve 241, and in ensuing intake stroke, shown in Fig. 2 d, when piston promotes downwards once more, remaining mixture can be drawn in the expansion chamber 240, and valve 219 is the unlatching shape simultaneously; The result of intake stroke, expansion chamber's 240 internal pressures are increased, this and crankcase inner room 240 volumes, expansion chamber's 240 volumes and piston 216 displacement amounts have very big relation, the pressure ratio atmospheric pressure that it increased is higher, exceed 8-15% approximately, the volumetric efficiency that pressure that is increased or superpower horsepower also can be promoted engine certainly makes engine produce bigger horsepower than other engines under fixing volume.

In addition, because of the increase of pressure produces dense thick or concentrated mixture simultaneously, the engine structure of mixture flow warp is subjected to higher lubricity.

Be to have double cylinder engine 3 10 section of structures shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, its engine structure is but similar with the engine structure shown in Fig. 1 a to Fig. 1 d, its piston is respectively arranged, this two-piston synchronous operation in this cylinder, toward the crankcase interlock, also push cylinder head simultaneously to simultaneously; Illustrated embodiment shows to be one to have double cylinder engine, but also can install many cylinder engines, and two-piston installs relatively in the illustration engine, yet also can become other modes by device, for example parallel kenel or V-type kenel ... Deng; This engine 3 10 includes a crankcase 312, inner room 315, a suction port 328, two relief opening 331a, 333b and safety check 330, wherein be provided with a suction port 328 and two relief opening 331a in the crankcase 312,331b safety check 330 is located at suction port 328 both sides, this admission door 328 is located between crankcase 312 inner rooms 315 and the Carburetor 329 and is provided with, and this

relief opening

331a, 331b are located at the end of two

conduit

332a, 332b respectively.

Engine comprises two-phase countercylinder 311a and 311b, two-piston 316a and 316b, two connecting rod 318a and 318b, bent axle 317, Carburetor 329 in addition, be provided with piston 316a among this cylinder 311a, be provided with piston 316b among this cylinder 311b, two connecting rod 318a, 318b connect two-piston 316a, 316b and bent axle 317 respectively, and this connection set makes in the engine cycle operation two-piston 316a, 316b be able to simultaneously polymerization in opposite directions or oppositely separates simultaneously; The firing time of this two-piston 316a, 316b is different fully, when piston 316a when exhaust stroke outwards promotes, piston 316b is in compression stroke simultaneously outwards to be promoted, shown in Fig. 3 a, and when piston 316a was in intake stroke and inwardly promotes, piston 316b then was in power stroke or the expansion stroke inwardly promotes; Two cylinders distinctly comprise the spark plug in suction valve, outlet valve, valve operating mechanism (not showing among the figure) and the head, and the structure of this part and operating process are as shown in Fig. 1 a to Fig. 1 b.And for example shown in Fig. 3 a, two-piston 316a, 316b outwards promote simultaneously, and mixture is drawn in crankcase 312 inner rooms 315 from Carburetor 329; And when piston 316a, 316b inwardly promotion simultaneously, mixture is pressed into two conduit 332a, one of them conduit of 332b and two suction valve 319a, one of them suction valve of 319b from inner room 315.

Again please referring to engine 410 section of structures of Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b, these engine 410 devices are similar with engine 3 10 as can be seen, comprise two cylinder 411a and 411b, two-piston 416a and 416b, safety check 441, a manifold chambers 440, two conduit 432a and 432b, crankcase inner room 415; Wherein two cylinder 411a and 411b are oppositely arranged, and are provided with piston 416a among this cylinder 411a, are provided with piston 416a among the cylinder 411b, are provided with piston 416b among the cylinder 411b; Safety check 441 is shared by two cylinder 411a and 411b institute, receives mixture to two conduit 432a and 432b from crankcase inner room 415; In addition, engine 3 10 is also very similar with the mode of operation of engine 410, makes the power of engine 410 higher except increasing bigger pressure in the admission conduit; The pressure that the pressure ratio manifold chambers 210 that this manifold chambers 440 is increased is increased is big because when the volume of firing chamber is full of mixture, two-piston 416a and 416b inswept volume be the twice of single-cylinder displacement, the circulation of double-piston single piston out of the ordinary just is identical with the circulation of single-cylinder; Shown in Fig. 3 a and Fig. 3 b, lack the twin cylinder engine of manifold chambers (pressure stabilizer), the pressure ratio atmospheric pressure that its intake stroke is ended exceeds 16～25 percentages; If this engine adds a manifold chambers, then its pressure can exceed 21～45 percentages than atmospheric pressure, shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b.

Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b expose another kind of engine 510 structures of the present utility model, and its figure number indicates knot should be in the figure number of Fig. 1, and back two numerals are constant, and only changing first digit is 5; Please referring to Fig. 5 b, this engine structure comprises an engine body 511, crankcase 512, head 513 and forms head valve gap 522; In this embodiment, engine adopts air cooling, is provided with radiating fin 540 in engine body 511 and head 513 peripheries.

Be provided with a piston 516 repetitiousness motion back and forth in the cylinder 514, this piston 516 links by a connecting rod 518 and bent axle 517, this bent axle 517 is provided with a crankweb 514 in addition and links with connecting rod 518, shown in Fig. 5 b, this crankweb 541 is provided with a counterweight 542, crankcase 512 inner rooms 515 are provided with bent axle 517 and crankweb 541, therefore relative space is very little, this allows, because in this crankcase 512 also preparation establish oil groove and come splendid attire lubricant oil, get rid of suction port 528 and relief opening 513, this engine body 511 and crankcase 512 closely link together and form an airtight chamber.

Firing chamber 526 is the space that is surrounded by piston 516, cylinder 514 walls and head 513 inwalls, slit between engine body 511 and the head 513 is sealed by joint sealant 543, wall 544 of head 513 inboard formation crosses cylinder 514 upper limbs, (shown in Fig. 5 b, be that engine is provided with the orientation difference), the main structure that forms this wall 544 includes the opening of a suction port, a relief opening (not showing among the figure) and spark plug 524; In traditional four-journey engine, suction valve 519 and outlet valve (not shown) are used for the gateway of switch valve out of the ordinary, each valve comprises a valve rod 547 and a valve spring, and wherein this valve rod 547 is located at valve and is led slip in 548, and this valve spring promotes valve and moves towards the citadel.

Be provided with a valve operating mechanism in this engine, this valve operating mechanism comprises a Rocker arm 5 51, a rocking handle 552, a cam 553 and a camshaft 554; The mid point of this Rocker arm 5 51 is provided with a rocking handle 552, and one end and valve outer end match, and its other end and cam 553 match, and this cam 553 connects and is fixed on the camshaft 554; Whole valve operating mechanism and valve all are included in the formed citadel 536 of head valve gap, and valving wherein is a known technology.

Please referring to Fig. 5 a, valve operating mechanism and comprise a gear timing tape 558, this gear timing tape 558 is located on the bent axle 517, driven by a driving sprocket wheel (not shown), this bent axle 517 is supported by bearing 559 (as shown in the figure) and crankcase 512 on the engine body 511 at least, the two ends of its bent axle 517 extend outside the engine body 511, one end points (not shown) is to become a given shape with a driving tool in conjunction with special, and another end points is locked on the impeller 562 by nut 561, this impeller 562 forms a flywheel or fan, and the fin 563 on the impeller 562 causes that cool air circulates around; Aforementioned driving sprocket wheel 564 forms the part of impeller 562, is driven by bent axle 517; Gear timing tape 558 also matches with driving sprocket wheel 564, and this driving sprocket wheel 564 is fixed in camshaft 554; In the middle of a circulation, driving sprocket wheel 564 revolves when turning around corresponding crankshaft 517 than camshaft 554 and revolves and take two turns.Bearing (not shown) support work camshaft 554 rotations of head 513, camshaft 554 and bent axle 517 two bearings are located at citadel 536 and crankcase 512 inner rooms 515, to reach lubricated purpose, below more detailed description will be arranged.

Foregoing engine structure, engine body 511 is provided with suction port 528 and relief opening 531, when piston 516 is positioned at upper dead center position, the suction port 528 of being located at cylinder side wall is the unlatching shape, shown in Fig. 5 b, and when piston is pushed to the other end dead center position (not shown), piston 516 backplates 566 can cover suction port 528 gradually, in operation cycle each time, backplate 566 can be covered on admission door 528 twice.

Carburetor 529 is linked to suction port 528 by a conduit 567, and is supported by the support 568 that tightly lies on the valve operating mechanism, and the air inlet place of Carburetor 529 is provided with a filter cleaner 569, and conduit 571 inputs of fuel through being linked to supply of fuel groove 527; The dividing plate of this Carburetor 529, supply of fuel groove 527 and filter cleaner 569 all use traditional technology, and fuel is imported Carburetors 529 from crankcase 512 inner rooms 515 through conduit 572.

In the middle of in specific embodiment of the utility model, be provided with a pipe 533 and one safety check 541 between relief opening 531 and the conduit 532, this safety check 541 is adopted the spring vibration formula, only allows the gas single direction to flow in the conduit 532.

The material of conduit 532 has plasticity or disturbing property, one end is connected in valve 541 outlets, the other end is located at the valve 573 on the valve gap 522, conduit 532 generally is U type structure, independent with engine body 511, shown in Fig. 5 b, this valve 573 directly communicates with citadel 536, also communicates with head 513 valves from suction valve 519.

The outlet valve (not shown) of head 513 and corresponding engine 110, engine 210, engine 3 10 and engine 410 valve types are seemingly, wherein steam discharge conduit 123 1 end closures are in the citadel 136, therefore waste gas can not flow into citadel 536, and can be through exhaust manifolds in baffler 574, valve leads 548, valve spring 549 all passes to the purpose that reaches lubricated with citadel 536 mutually with outlet valve.

When operating engine 510, the operator pours out fuel oil 576 in oil groove 527, (composition of this fuel oil 576 uses the employed mixing composition of general two-stroke engine, 40: 1 oily vapour-air mixture ratio for example), this mixture is drawn onto in the oiling device 529 via conduit 517, become a flammability mixture with air mixing, mix with machine oil gasoline evaporation back, becomes an extraordinary fuel mixture.

When piston 516 when TDC promotes, because the volume increase of crankcase 512 inner rooms 515 makes pressure descend, backplate 566 moves to piston 516, suction valve 528 is also opened simultaneously, when mixture is inhaled into the inner room 515 from oiling device 529, pressure reduces in the inner room 515, causes exhaust valve closure, and this process all can take place in compression stroke and exhaust stroke simultaneously.

When piston 516 when TDC is pushed to the BDC position, piston 516 backplates 566 are closed suction valve 528, because the promotion of piston 516 causes the volume of crankcase 512 inner rooms 515 to dwindle, the result compresses the mixture in the inner room 515, opens valve, allows mixture flow in the middle of the conduit 532 simultaneously; In the expansion stroke, mixture is compressed in the conduit 532, and this pressure remains unchanged, and when valve spring 549 was closed, piston was upwards passed once more; During intake stroke, this compressed mixture is drawn onto in the middle of the cylinder 514, and remaining mixture is pressed in the middle of the piston 516; Therefore, for the engine of a fixed volume, the compression of crankcase 512 improves as a pressurized machine, increases the output power of motor, simultaneously because of having increased miscella concentration, makes the part in this engine start district be subjected to better lubricity.

Gasoline and AIR MIXTURES as the aforementioned, citadel 536 in 515 guide rails 532 and the valve gap in the crankcase 513 of flowing through, this mixture forms the mist of oil shapes at inner room 515 and citadel 536, flow through, around and lubricated all parts that need lubricate; Even each operation cycle have four strokes or mixture only therein a stroke (intake stroke) flow out citadel 536, mist of oil still remains in inner room 515 and the citadel 536; Owing to comprised a certain amount of mist of oil in inner room 515 and the citadel 536, therefore, need not to establish in addition oil pump and lubricate this part, also need not other be coated in around this part with lubricant oil.

The utility model is one to have more the engine 510 of progressive, comprises bigger conduit 532 internal volumes, and approximate manifold chambers of its function or pressure stabilizer are because of conduit 532 forms a U type bending, so its volume is bigger; The relative position setting of valve 528 and piston 516 makes valve all very convenient when opening or closing, and has also therefore exempted installing and has separated safety check, and this device makes Carburetor that one position more easily be arranged simultaneously; This is very important to the less portable machine of type, for example the hand-held power chain saw; Any piston of flowing through blow gas leakage body still can flow back in the firing chamber at last.

As Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 b and Fig. 5 a to shown in Fig. 5 b, be provided with in the single-cylinder that stores manifold chambers or pressure stabilizer at one, when just beginning to enter compression stroke, between the air pressure in the volume of pressure stabilizer and crankcase and the cylinder relation of can not ignore is arranged, for the single-cylinder engine, the change of supposing gas remains on etc. under the temperature state, then: Wherein, Po: atmospheric pressure; Pa: the pressure before the compression stroke in the cylinder bottom dead center; Pt: the pressure maximum in the pressure stabilizer bottom dead center; Pc: the theoretical pressure maximum in the bent axle bottom dead center; V: total engine displacement; Vc: crankcase gap body; Vt: pressure stabilizer volume; Vcc: cylinder clearance volume.For the twin cylinder engine that is provided with a pressure stabilizer (shown in Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b), the transformation of equally supposing gas remains on etc. under the temperature state, then:

Wherein pressure Pa still remains unchanged after through some engine circulations.

Obviously visible four-journey engine of the present utility model is one to have more the engine of progressive from previous embodiment, the start district of this engine is lubricated by oily vapour mixture, avoid the piece-rate system of dispersion, and this mixture need not to add and separates pressurized machine and just can have superpower driving force; Because this engine is a four-journey engine, does not have unburned fuel completely in its Litter.

Only the above only is a possible embodiments of the present utility model, and the equivalent structure that utilizes the utility model specification or claims to do such as changes, and ought to be included in the claim of the present utility model.

Claims

1. four-journey engine, this engine is burnt by the flammability mixture that fuel, machine oil and air mixed, and it is characterized in that:

(d) in the aforementioned structure, this crankcase side is provided with suction port and relief opening, and when the crankcase internal volume increased, outlet valve combined with suction port, and fluid is flowed in the crankcase;

(e) conduit is located in the exhaust and between the head, is linked bent axle and citadel;

2. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: wherein suction valve communicates with relief opening, and when crankcase volume increased, fluid was able to flow in the conduit from crankcase.

3. four-journey engine, it is characterized in that: this engine is burnt by the flammability mixture that fuel, machine oil and air mixed, wherein:

4. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: wherein outlet valve is located at this suction port, allows the mixture single direction to flow in the crankcase.

5. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: wherein suction valve is located at this relief opening, and the single side of control mixture is in the crankcase inflow catheter.

6. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that: wherein conduit is a pressure stabilizer.

7. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: wherein the valve operating mechanism comprises a startup instrument and a support facility, this startup instrument is in order to starting fluid suction valve and outlet valve, and support facility is in order to support the startup instrument, this support facility and startup instrument are arranged in the citadel and contact with the flammability mixture, in the time of in engine operates, the flammability mixture flow is through around two instruments.

8. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: comprising a crankshaft and a gear timing tape that rotates, this crankshaft is installed in the crankcase, and this timing tape is connected on the bent axle, is equiped with aforesaid startup instrument.

9. a four-journey engine, this engine be is characterized in that by the flammability mixture burns that fuel, machine oil and air mixed: comprising:

(a) crankcase, one first cylinder and one second cylinder;

(b) first piston and one second piston, this first piston is located in first cylinder and is moved back and forth repeatedly, this second piston is located in second cylinder and is moved back and forth repeatedly, two-piston lays respectively in first firing chamber and second firing chamber, when running, two-piston is simultaneously toward the crankcase motion, and also simultaneously away from the crankcase motion, the internal volume of crankcase is because of the change that operates size repeatedly of piston;

(f) conduit has linked aforesaid relief opening, the first valve citadel, second valve citadel and the suction valve, and in the engine operation, mixture flow is through lubricated crankcase and valve citadel.

10. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: wherein suction port is provided with safety check, allows the fluid single direction to flow into crankcase.

11. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: wherein conduit is a pressure stabilizer.

12. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: wherein relief opening is provided with second safety check, allows the fluid single direction to flow in the crankcase.

13. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: wherein comprise a bent axle that rotates in the crankcase, the operation running that cooperatively interacts of this bent axle and piston constitutes the various power stroke circulations of engine.

14. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: wherein this cylinder is located at relative position, and the repetitiousness motion toward each other of this piston.

15. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: wherein crankcase and valve citadel are provided with enough spaces mixture are flowed into, and have lubricated the engine parts in this district.

16. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: wherein conduit is a U type structure, and an end and crankcase link, and its other end links with the center portion that separate with engine the valve citadel.

17. a four-journey engine, this engine be is characterized in that by the flammability mixture burns that fuel, machine oil and air mixed: comprising:

(a) crankcase, a cylinder and a citadel;

(b) be provided with a firing chamber and a crankcase in this cylinder, because piston motion repeatedly back and forth also changes the internal volume of this crankcase thereupon;

(f) this cylinder is provided with cylinder wall, and this cylinder wall is provided with suction port, and when piston moved repeatedly, suction port was alternately opened thereupon and be closed.

18. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that: wherein conduit constitutes a U type structure, and this conduit one end is attached on the crankcase, and its other end is attached to the center portion that separate with engine the valve citadel.

19. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that: wherein suction port is provided with a safety check.

20. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that: wherein engine structure is the cold engine configuration of a vapour.

21. four-journey engine as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that: wherein Carburetor system is characterized in that: the carburetion vapour of a comprehensive type.