CN2414575Y

CN2414575Y - Conbined high noise-resistant electret pick-up device

Info

Publication number: CN2414575Y
Application number: CN 99254306
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程滋颐
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-11-18
Filing date: 1999-11-18
Publication date: 2001-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2009-11-18

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combined high noise-resistant electret pick-up device. A plurality of noise-resistant electret pick-up devices are combined together, and mutual positions and corresponding relations are adjusted and determined through a common mode signal suppressing circuit arranged on a supporting seat. The noise-resistant function of the combined high noise-resistant electret pick-up device, compared with the state of a single pick-up device, is enhanced by more than one time. The utility model still has high signal-to-noise performance under the state of high noise in an extremely severe environment, and tone color is kept clear.

Description

Combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance

The utility model relates to a kind of pick-up, particularly a kind of combined electret pick-up of high noise resistance.

No matter be used for the pick-up of communication system, still be used for daily life, when carrying out phonetic entry, all wish under the situation that does not lower pick-up sensitivity, to have high as far as possible Noise Resistance Ability, especially in the higher frequency band scope, and when using under the higher ambient condition of noise, the ability with high noise resistance just needs more, designs a kind of more perfect, electret pick-up with high noise resistance performance just becomes main task of the present utility model.

The technology contents that the utility model is involved, be on the basis of completed two patent research of the inventor another innovation with significantly improve, the inventor's PCT patent application CT/CN99/00097, the patent No. 98207092.6 and 99217256.X patent application afterwards, all detailed entire infrastructure that discloses a kind of anti-noise-electret pick-up and mounted inside relation, this pick-up has preceding cylindrical shell and two parts of rear cylinder body that mutually combine, as a kind of single anti-noise pickup, it has possessed very good performance, in use, it not only has the higher characteristics of signal to noise ratio, and, in higher frequency range, do not lose good noise resistance function yet, simultaneously, make the transmitter need not shell, just can directly be installed on the external device (ED), make structure not only light but also be suitable for assembling.

But this single noise resistance electret pick-up is for some particular environment; Under the very high adverse circumstances of noise, noise resistance will show to such an extent that ability is short of, especially when applying to the speech recognition signal input of computer, the performance of this single anti-noise pickup still can not meet the demands, therefore just need be by new assembly structure, on new circuit application, take in and improve, make this improved structure under the environment of abominable high noisy, perhaps under the input of higher frequency band voice signal, still can keep good performance.The electret pick-up appearance that this is strengthened with regard to wishing a kind of combined Noise Resistance Ability.

Present non-noise resistance electret pick-up is because be that non-voice signal receiving devices such as impedance inverter circuit are placed directly in the pick-up, therefore make that its thickness is bigger, and in combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model, in the time of two monomer noise resistance electret pick-ups that use or two overlapping placements of the non-noise resistance electret pick-up of monomer, because the distance of antinoise effect and frequency range and two monomer pick-up keynote source sound receiving terminals has direct relation, the near more antinoise effect of distance is strong more and frequency range is high more, the inventor's aforementioned patent applications and patent, solved the sound receiving terminal placket body thickness problem of noise resistance electret pick-up, can be according to the design needs and according at that time manufacturing technology level, as much as possible sound receiving terminal placket body thickness is reduced between the 0.2-10 millimeter even littler thinner.And present non-noise resistance electret pick-up makes that the distance of two monomer pick-up keynote source sound receiving terminals is distant because thickness is thicker adds two sound between the monomer pick-up and enter the gap, does not reach desired performance index.

The purpose of this utility model is in order to overcome the defective of the scarce capacity that existing single noise resistance electret pick-up presents under abominable high noise environments, to redesign a kind of electret pick-up of combined high noise resistance ability.

The utility model relies on following technical proposals to realize, a kind of combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance, constitute by a plurality of monomer electret pick-ups, wherein, described monomer electret pick-up is made of preceding cylindrical shell and rear cylinder body, cylindrical shell comprises that electret pick-up receives the necessary part of sound before described, described rear cylinder body comprises the necessary part of reception sound parts in addition such as circuit, it is characterized in that this combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance is in a certain way a plurality of monomer noise resistance electret pick-ups to be made up with certain interval.

Wherein, between described a plurality of monomer electret pick-ups, be fixed with support.

By being connected, described each rear cylinder body fixes described a plurality of monomer electret pick-up.

Described a plurality of monomer noise resistance electret pick-up can be the pick-up that adopts pickup part and non-pickup part isolating construction, also can be noise resistance electret pick-up, noise resistance moving-coil pickup, noise resistance electromagnetic pick-up, noise resistance ceramic pick-up or the noise resistance semiconductor pick-up of non-isolating construction.

Between the anti-electret pick-up of described a plurality of monomer towards can be identical, also can be inequality.

Axis between the anti-electret pick-up of described a plurality of monomer can be on same straight line, also can be on different straight lines.

A plurality of monomer noise resistance electret pick-ups are put into a plurality of patchhole internal fixation of a shell.Between pick-up and patchhole, put into earthquake washer.

The preceding shell portion of each monomer noise resistance electret pick-up can be integrated, also the rear cylinder body of each monomer noise resistance electret pick-up partly can be integrated.

The rear cylinder body of described each electret pick-up is provided with the common mode inhibition circuit module that is used to suppress noise.

Described common mode inhibition circuit module is made of a subtraction circuit.Its structure is a pick-up M ₁An output receive partiting dc capacitor C ₂, pass through R ₂Receive the common-mode signal suppression circuit U that subtracter forms ₁Negative terminal, another pick-up M ₂An output pass through C ₁, C ₂Receive the common-mode signal suppression circuit U that subtracter forms ₁Anode, power supply VCC is by constant-current source H ₁And H ₂Respectively to the 1st and the 2nd pick-up M ₁And M ₂Power supply, by described common-mode signal suppression circuit, the voice signal that two pick-ups are received carries out the common-mode signal inhibition, takes out difference mode signal.

Described common mode inhibition circuit module is made of an adder circuit.Its structure is pick-up M ₁Output receive partiting dc capacitor C ₂Pick-up M ₂Output is received partiting dc capacitor C ₁, pass through R again ₅, R ₆, R ₇Common-mode signal suppression circuit U with adder formation ₂Anode connect U ₂Negative terminal connecting resistance 8, power supply VCC is by constant-current source H ₁And H ₂(also can be resistance or the like power supply circuits) be respectively to pick-up M ₃, M ₄Power supply will suppress common-mode signal by output and extract difference mode signal.And between the partiting dc capacitor of described module and adder, a phase-shift circuit is set.

The described common mode inhibition circuit module that is used to suppress noise can be arranged on the outside of each electret pick-up rear cylinder body.

The a plurality of electret pick-ups that connect by connector can be made up with 3 dimension array formats, so that from comprehensive reception voice signal.

Described pick-up can be used for the directional reception of sound.

The driving and the transfer that are used to regulate direction are housed on described connector.

The rear cylinder body of described each electret pick-up is provided with the digital common mode inhibition circuit module that is used to suppress noise.And the structure of described digital common mode inhibition circuit module is, with a plurality of pick-up M ₁And M ₂Respectively with capacitor C ₂, C ₁Deng connection, more respectively with pre-process circuit ID ₂And ID ₁Deng, output to mould/number conversion circuit D through merging after the various preliminary treatment ₁, analog signal conversion is become digital signal, mould/number conversion circuit D ₁Digital signal after the conversion is outputed to digital signal processing circuit D ₂, carry out common-mode signal and suppress computing, remove common-mode signal, extract difference mode signal.And one preamplifier is set again in the front of described subtracter or adder.

Described digital common mode inhibition circuit module can be connected with ancillary equipment such as computer, carries out localization of sound by calculating and receives.

Described digital common mode inhibition circuit module can be arranged on the outside of described pick-up.

The described localization of sound that carries out receives and may further comprise the steps: make system initialization; Read in the A/D switching signal of a plurality of pick-ups respectively; Calculate the difference mode signal between the voice signal that per two pick-ups receive; Utilize digital filtering method, leach each sound wave in the voice signal that a plurality of pick-ups receive respectively; Each sound wave of same waveform as in the voice signal of a plurality of pick-ups receptions is carried out the comparison of acoustical power size, calculate big or small ratio between the two, priority difference with time of reception, according to the voice signal ratio table that source of sound practical measurement and certain position that calculate sends, obtain sending the source of sound of this sound wave and the concrete relative position of pick-up.Store the sound wave number of the sound source of each assigned address, and return step (2); And, find out the alternate position spike distance by the sensing of more present pick-up and the position of actual source of sound, and calculate the orientation that pick-up need change, by D/A output, drive servomotor, rotate the sensing of pick-up, reach best sensing position.

The major advantage of this device is, the single noise resistance electret pick-up of the antinoise function ratio of combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance state strengthens more than one times down, because the application of common-mode signal suppression circuit, it can be more intense the inhibition noise signal, even if this device is operated under the high noisy state of most evil bad environment, still have higher signal-to-noise performance, make tone color keep clear, and also can carry out noise resistance and handle, reach the purpose that realizes that directed location receives by the computer digit handling procedure.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further specify each embodiment.

Fig. 1 is the profile of the combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of expression the 1st embodiment of the present utility model.

Figure 1A～1B is respectively along the profile of A-A shown in Fig. 1 and B-B line.

Fig. 2 is the profile of the combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of expression the 2nd embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 A～2B is respectively along the profile of A-A shown in Fig. 2 and B-B line.

Fig. 3 is the profile of the combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of expression the 3rd embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 A～3B is respectively along the profile of A-A shown in Fig. 3 and B-B line.

Fig. 4 is the profile of the combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of expression the 4th embodiment of the present utility model.Fig. 4 A～4B is respectively along the profile of A-A shown in Fig. 4 and B-B line.

Fig. 5 a and 5b are that the high noise resistance of combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model and end view and the front view that the location receives electret pick-up are used in expression.

Fig. 6 a is a kind of common-mode signal suppression circuit schematic diagram that is made of subtraction circuit;

Fig. 6 b is a kind of common-mode signal suppression circuit schematic diagram that is made of adder circuit;

Fig. 6 c is a kind of common-mode signal suppression circuit schematic diagram that is made of phase-shift circuit and adder circuit;

Fig. 6 d is a kind of by common-mode signal suppression circuit that mould/the number conversion circuit constitutes and location receiving system circuit theory diagrams;

Fig. 7 a is the common-mode signal suppression circuit schematic diagram that comprises one-level preamplifier circuit and subtraction circuit composition;

Fig. 7 b is the common-mode signal suppression circuit schematic diagram that comprises one-level preamplifier circuit and adder circuit composition;

A kind of numerical data of using in Fig. 8 a and the explanation combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model is gathered common mode inhibition and location receiving system circuit diagram.

A kind of numerical data of using in Fig. 8 b and the explanation combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model is gathered common mode inhibition and location receiving system circuit diagram.

Fig. 9 is a kind of digital common mode inhibition computer flow chart that uses in the explanation combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model.

Figure 10 is a kind of digital noise resistance computer flow chart that uses in the explanation combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model.

In Fig. 1, combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model comprises a plurality of monomer electret pick-ups.Wherein, each monomer electret pick-up has a columnar shell, and by preceding cylindrical shell 1 and rear cylinder body 17 be combined intos, and there is protecgulum 2 front portion of cylindrical shell 1 before being somebody's turn to do; Simultaneously as required, this shell also can adopt other different shape.This shell outside dimension can be between the 1-55 millimeter, highly can be between the 0.2-20 millimeter, also can be greater than or less than this size, can according to test decision (in CT/CN99/00097 and utility model patent 99217256.X number application and 98 2 No. 07092.6 patents of utility model patent ZL because outside dimension between the 3-20 millimeter, height dimension just can satisfy performance requirement between the 3-20 millimeter, therefore here with height setting between the 0.2-20 millimeter, also can be greater than or less than this size, can be according to the test decision.In addition, the anti-noise pickup in other is used can also adopt the above-mentioned size of electret pick-up of the present utility model.)。

At first the protecgulum 2 at shell is provided with one or more protecgulum sound through hole 3, and be close to these protecgulum 2 belows around the inwall of this preceding cylindrical shell 1 and be provided with a damping membrane packing ring 6, there is damping membrane compressing tablet 7 that this damping membrane packing ring 6 is pressed together and forms a cavity with this protecgulum 2 simultaneously; In this cavity, be provided with damping membrane 5; In addition, vibrating diaphragm 9 by the inwall around preceding cylindrical shell 1 be provided with stretch tight zona 8 with separate at the back side of damping membrane compressing tablet 7, and then at this damping membrane compressing tablet 7, formation one cavity between zona 8 and the vibrating diaphragm 9 that stretches tight, so sound wave just acts on the vibrating diaphragm 9 from vibrating diaphragm 9 fronts by protecgulum sound through hole 3, damping membrane 5, damping membrane packing ring 6, damping membrane compressing tablet 7 and cavity.Between vibrating diaphragm 9 and the backplane 10 back-pole base space washer 11 is arranged.

Monomer electret pick-up of the present utility model is except having increased preceding damping membrane 5, rear cylinder body 13, rear cylinder body fixture 14 in electret pick-up in the past, and the material of its operation principle, structure and use and circuit, all identical with existing electret pick-up, so explanation is omitted.

Damping membrane 5 can adopt materials such as felt or nonwoven fabrics to make, all have damping because the material of the effect of respiratory air flow generation breathing noise is made also can to use other, as the metal of the fine pore of individual layer or multilayer or the nonmetal silk screen of making, nonwoven fabrics or the like, this be in order to reduce in the pick-up use because the gas of breathing out from mouth when breathing blows to that vibrating diaphragm produces noise damping membrane of increasing, materials are identical with the damping membrane that through hole installs additional previously on the shell of electret pick-up usually with use principle.When direct this electret pick-up of use, and in its outside when not installing the pick-up shell additional, in order not damage vibrating diaphragm and to influence the pickup performance and put it in the shell.Whether damping membrane 5, damping membrane packing ring 6 and damping membrane compressing tablet 7 can use according to the decision of design needs, as: pick-up is positioned in the pick-up shell just can damping membrane be positioned in the pick-up, the independent use of pick-up of the present utility model can determine whether put it in the pick-up as required as not adding casing outside.Back-pole base 10 adopts insulating material and so on to make.

Because preceding shell portion has only anti-noise-electret pick-up to receive the necessary part of sound, and will with sound receive beyond the necessary part other parts as: compound field effect transistor 16 (also can use the various circuitry needed of integrated circuit or the like), printed substrate 17, link electrode 18 etc. are placed within the rear cylinder body or outside the rear cylinder body, shell portion can be made very thinly as required before making, rear cylinder body can also can save the pick-up shell as the part that directly is connected with the pick-up support simultaneously.For better being fixed on, pick-up prevents from the external device (ED) to come off, outside at rear cylinder body 13 makes fixture 14, can be according to designing requirement in the fixture that is connected with external device (ED) 14 of making the different shape of outwards outstanding or depression from the barrel wall on any part of rear cylinder body 17, this fixture 18 as shown in Figure 1A is a upside-down triangle shape, it can directly be connected with shell, also can make separately to be fixed on the shell.Backplane 10 in back-pole base 12 is by passing the backplane 15 of a pin that connects backplane 10 and compound field effect transistor 16 in the hole 19, compound field effect transistor 16 is installed on the printed substrate 17, be connected with peripheral circuitry by the output pin on the printed substrate 17 18, perhaps backplane 15 is drawn by the wall of bonnet or rear cylinder body 13, other is local and be not installed in placket body or the rear cylinder body also can circuit part to be installed on pick-up outside according to designing requirement.Rear cylinder body 13 can be that cylindrical shape also can be other shape, its diameter (or cross section, down herewith) and thickness can greater than, equal, less than the diameter and the thickness of preceding cylindrical shell 1, that is can be different from the diameter and the thickness of cylindrical shell 1 before the pick-up, its installation site can according to designing requirement on the preceding cylindrical shell on the optional position that does not influence the sound acceptable effect.

The other parts of this pick-up can be with reference to the structure and the employed material that adopt various types of electret pick-ups.Before cylindrical shell 1, protecgulum 2 and be connected combination as shown in the figure in twos after rear cylinder body 17 can separately be made, also can be made into combination mutually behind the complex.Same internal structure also can separately be made and make up, and makes up after perhaps being made into complex.

Combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model can use two monomer electret pick-ups, also can use a plurality of monomer electret pick-ups.

The rear cylinder body 13 of last electret pick-up 20 and the rear cylinder body 13 of following electret pick-up 21 are inserted respectively in the rear cylinder body patchhole 23 of rear cylinder body support 22, between the inwall of the rear cylinder body 13 of electret pick-up and rear cylinder body patchhole 23, can use earthquake washer 24 as required.

Here on the axis that can coexist, axis (axis that the extended line of center line forms) of the preceding cylindrical shell of each monomer electret pick-up (the as above preceding cylindrical shell of the preceding cylindrical shell of electret pick-up 20 and following electret pick-up 21), also can be on different axis, when on different axis, each axis can be parallel also certain angle can be arranged each other.

Each monomer electret pick-up of the present utility model must be different to the distance between the main sound source, longitudinal separation before per two anti-noise-electret pick-ups between the protecgulum sound through hole 3 of the preceding sound receiving terminal (protecgulum 2) of cylindrical shell (the as above preceding cylindrical shell 1 of 1 time following electret pick-up 21 of preceding cylindrical shell of electret pick-up 20) determines according to designing requirement, for example: can be between the 0.1-200 millimeter, also can be greater than or less than this size, can be according to the test decision, generally between the 2-20 millimeter.

Cylindrical shell before each electret pick-up can be put into preceding cylinder stent 25 according to designing requirement, play protection and support.

Can interconnect between cylindrical shell (the as above preceding cylindrical shell of the preceding cylindrical shell of anti-noise-electret pick-up 20 and following anti-noise-electret pick-up 21) and the preceding cylinder stent 25 before with a plurality of anti-noise-electret pick-ups fixing by preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 according to designing requirement, rise and strengthen fixation, one or more preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 can be arranged, can adopt cross, ring shape, crotch shape or yi word pattern or the like different shape.All rear cylinder body support in the utility model, preceding cylinder stent, preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame, preceding cylindrical shell and rear cylinder body 13, rear cylinder body 13a etc. can be according to designing requirement and actual needs, adopt the square of rule or irregular distortion, rectangle, circular, rectangle, triangle, rhombus, polygon, fan-shaped, ellipse or the like various basic configurations, it also can be the complicated shape that various basic configurations are combined to form, it can be the simple monomer of single shape, also can be the jockey of the complex that forms of the combination of monomers of different shape or the like different shape, but this rear cylinder body support, preceding cylinder stent, preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame, the shape of rear cylinder body and rear cylinder body support and installation site can not influence each electret pick-up, the noise resistance effect of the combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of anti-noise-electret pick-up and integral body.This preceding cylinder stent, preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame, rear cylinder body and rear cylinder body support can fuse, and also can be separate, can use simultaneously all according to designing requirement, use three, also can choose one of them or wherein two.

According to having earthquake washer 27 or crash roll to carry out shockproof isolation between the cylindrical shell before cylinder stent before the designing requirement 25, preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 and the electret pick-up.

Each monomer pick-up in the utility model also can adopt various existing various types of anti-noise pickups or non-anti-noise pickup, as: electret pick-up, moving-coil pickup, electromagnetic pick-up, ceramic pick-up, semiconductor pick-up or the like.

By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 as seen, its difference is in cylindrical shell before having placed a plurality of monomer pick-ups before and after in rear cylinder body 13a (cylindrical shell 20 and preceding cylindrical shell 21 before being two monomer pick-ups among the figure), the rear cylinder body 13a of electret pick-up of the present utility model is a complete tube-holding body, it can be used as a common rear cylinder body of two or many preceding cylindrical shells of monomer pick-up, therefore is the rear cylinder body of rear cylinder body 13a and last electret pick-up 20 and the placket system of following electret pick-up 21 are made a device.Rear cylinder body 13a can be made by nonmetallic materials such as metals such as stainless steel material, copper product, aluminum or plastics or composite material.The shape of rear cylinder body 13a can with rear cylinder body 13 shapes of Fig. 1 are roughly the same also can be different.Common mode inhibition circuit 28 being placed among the rear cylinder body 13a, also can be placed on other place.

Cylindrical shell before can adopting preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 with each electret pick-up, preceding cylinder stent, rear cylinder body 13a and rear cylinder body support 22 can be connected with each other, play the reinforcement fixation, one or more preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 can be arranged, cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 can be separate also can connecting together before these were a plurality of, preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 can adopt triangle type or yi word pattern, can be the square of rule or irregular distortion, rectangle, circular, rectangle, triangle, rhombus, polygon, fan-shaped, ellipse or the like various basic configurations, it also can be the complicated shape that various basic configurations are combined to form, it can be the simple monomer of single shape, also can be the jockey of the complex that forms of the combination of monomers of different shape or the like different shape, but the shape of this preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 and installation site can not influence the noise resistance effect of each electret pick-up and whole combined high noise resistance.This preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame can fuse with rear cylinder body, rear cylinder body support, also can be separate.

Fig. 3 is the profile of the anti-noise-electret pick-up of expression the 3rd embodiment of the present utility model.

By Fig. 3 and Fig. 1, Fig. 2 as seen, its difference is in the PCT patent application CT/CN99/00097 that adopted the inventor, the patent No. 98207092.6 and 99217256.X patent application afterwards, all detailed disclosed a kind of anti-noise-electret pick-up.And a kind of rear cylinder body support 22 that adopts among Fig. 1 and preceding cylinder stent 25 and preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26.Here the different of preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 and Fig. 1 are: it is flat of font that the preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 of mid portion is one, supports two preceding cylindrical shells and preceding cylinder stent up and down simultaneously.

Here also can adopt other the various anti-noise-electret pick-ups in these patent applications of the inventor, and existing various types of anti-noise pickup or non-anti-noise pickup, as: various types of various types of anti-noise pickups of electret pick-up, moving-coil pickup, electromagnetic pick-up, ceramic pick-up, semiconductor pick-up or the like or non-anti-noise pickup.

Before cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 can adopt cross, hollow or yi word pattern or the like, can adopt different shape used among Fig. 1, Fig. 2 equally.

By Fig. 4 and Fig. 1～Fig. 3 as seen, its difference is in the PCT patent application CT/CN99/00097 that adopted the inventor, the patent No. 98207092.6 and 99217256.X patent application afterwards, all detailed disclosed a kind of anti-noise-electret pick-up, and rear cylinder body 13a that adopts among Fig. 2 and preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame 26.

Here also can adopt other the various anti-noise-electret pick-ups in the inventor's the existing patent application, and present existing various types of anti-noise pickups or non-anti-noise pickup, as: various types of various types of anti-noise pickups of electret pick-up, moving-coil pickup, electromagnetic pick-up, ceramic pick-up, semiconductor pick-up or the like or non-anti-noise pickup.

Before cylindrical shell bracing frame 26 can adopt a flat framework that three hollows that connect together combine that the anti-noise pickup of each monomer is fixed therein, play the effect of support fixation, also can adopt shapes such as cross, hollow or yi word pattern, can adopt different shape used among Fig. 1, Fig. 2 equally.

Fig. 5 a and 5b are that the high noise resistance of combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of the present utility model and end view and the front view that the location receives electret pick-up are used in expression;

The a plurality of pick-ups of use of location receiving system are mid point 29 as four pick-ups 37,38,39,40 among the figure from jointing, connect by the linking arm 30,31,32,33 that stretches out to the outside respectively.Stretch out linking arm 31 forward or backward from mid point 29 and connect pick-up 37, it and outwardly directed three pick-up linking arms 30,32,33 can be isometric.If not isometric, then each anti-noise-electret pick-up is on scalene three summits exactly.These three pick-ups distance each other can be adjusted according to the source of sound of required reception and the distance between the pick-up, but distance between each pick-up and position should relative fixed, if change, the computational methods of the digital processing program of the voice signal that pick-up receives are carried out in corresponding change simultaneously later on.In the receiving system of this location, can use other various anti-noise-electret pick-ups and above-mentioned various types of pick-ups of the present utility model or various existing various types of anti-noise pickups or non-anti-noise pickup in the inventor's the existing patent application, as: various types of anti-noise pickups or non-anti-noise pickups such as electret pick-up, moving-coil pickup, electromagnetic pick-up, ceramic pick-up, semiconductor pick-up.When using three or three above, promptly a plurality of above-mentioned pick-ups of the present utility model press space array and are disposed, and the positioning accuracy on three dimensions can decide by the calculating of central processing unit.Also can adopt the support or the framework of various types of each pick-ups of connection.

Use two pick-ups to position when receiving computing, because 2 relations that can only determine straight line so can only calculate the distance of source of sound, can only reach the purpose that spacing receives.When using three or a plurality of in the pick-up of a planar alignment, because 3 that in one plane arrange can be made a position on the plane, therefore can make the range direction of source of sound, but can not determine that source of sound in the place ahead on this plane still in the wings, when being arranged in as shown in figure 10 three-dimensional matrix with the pick-up more than four or four at that time, this matrix can be determined the correct orientation of source of sound.Therefore can be according to the pick-up number of design needs decision use.

Because anti-noise-electret pick-up has 8 fonts or heart-shaped direction directive property, therefore this location receives pick-up certain pickup blind area, even use direction-free electret pick-up when receiving, because electret pick-up mutually between the putting position relation, also have the reception muting sensitivity district of certain position, therefore need when receiving, can look for automatically the device of the sound source position that will receive, make location of the present utility model receive pick-up and aim at the best direction of reception automatically, can in connector 29, place and drive and transfer 34, as stepping motor and tooth sector or the like, make pick-up omnirange rotation up and down, perhaps some directions are rotated, also tumbler can be placed on other place, as on base 36 and the base pole 36 or the like.Can certainly use artificial tumbler.Can utilize computer to find the position of the source of sound that will accept earlier, look for by D/A converter driving and transfer rotation then, and pick-up aimed at the source of sound that will accept by the best direction of reception, pick-up is accepted in the location that can certainly use the pick-up of more sensing different directions to make no pickup blind area.

Fig. 6 a is a kind of common mode inhibition circuit that is made of subtraction circuit, shows pick-up M of a route among the figure ₁An output receive partiting dc capacitor C ₂, pass through R ₂Receive the common-mode signal suppression circuit U that subtracter forms ₁Negative terminal, another pick-up of another route M ₂An output pass through C ₁, C ₂Receive the common-mode signal suppression circuit U that subtracter forms ₁Anode, power supply VCC is by constant-current source H ₁And H ₂Perhaps power-supply circuit, resistance etc. are respectively to the 1st and the 2nd pick-up M ₁And M ₂Power supply, and by common-mode signal suppression circuit, the voice signal that two pick-ups are received carries out the common-mode signal inhibition, takes out difference mode signal.

Differential amplifier circuit is LM324 one road operational amplifier in the present embodiment, also can adopt the operational amplifier of other various models and type, and described subtraction circuit, also can adopt the differential amplifier of other types, for example, with the differential amplifier that is in series, with the differential amplifier etc. that is in parallel, also can adopt other by transistor or by operational amplifier or the subtraction circuit formed by digital circuit.This subtraction circuit also can be used for other needs subtraction circuit to carry out the pick-up circuit that common-mode signal suppresses.

Fig. 6 b is the another kind of common mode inhibition circuit that is made of adder circuit, shows a route pick-up M among the figure ₁Output receive partiting dc capacitor C ₂, another road is by pick-up M ₂Output is received partiting dc capacitor C ₁, pass through R again ₅, R ₆, R ₇Common-mode signal suppression circuit U with adder formation ₂Anode connect U ₂Negative terminal connecting resistance 8, power supply VCC is by constant-current source H ₁And H ₂(also can be resistance or the like power supply circuits) be respectively to pick-up M ₃, M ₄Power supply will suppress common-mode signal by output and extract difference mode signal and be for further processing.

Adder circuit is the road operational amplifier of LM324 in the present embodiment, also can adopt the operational amplifier of other various models and type, and adder circuit also can adopt by transistor or by operational amplifier or the positive adder be made up of digital circuit, or anti-phase adder.This adder circuit also can be used for other needs adder circuit to carry out the pick-up circuit that common-mode signal suppresses.

Fig. 6 c is a kind of common mode inhibition circuit that is made of phase-shift circuit and adder circuit, shows among the figure, and this circuit is made of the common mode inhibition circuit that phase-shift circuit and adder form.Fig. 7 _CWith Fig. 7 _BCircuit compare, just at pick-up M ₂Output is received partiting dc capacitor C ₁With resistance R ₅Between insert the new phase-shift circuit that adds and the input of U2 put upside down.No longer describe for same section, and only explain with regard to phase-shift circuit.This phase-shift circuit is made of amplifier U5 and resistance R 13, R14 and R15.One of resistance R 13 and negative feedback resistor R14 terminates to negative (-) end of U5, and the other end of feedback resistance R14 is connected with the output of U5 and partiting dc capacitor C1, the other end output signal of capacitor C 1.Just (+) input of amplifier U4 is through resistance R 15 ground connection.

This circuit is applicable to that the voice signal that receives when two pick-up receiving terminals is not just in time to differ 0 degree or differ 180 degree, thereby can not use subtracter or adder circuit to carry out common mode inhibition the time.By correcting phase difference, make them can carry out common mode inhibition with this circuit.

Phase-shift circuit can be by transistor, operational amplifier in the present embodiment, and perhaps digital circuit is formed.Above-mentioned circuit phase shift 180 degree, but also can use the phase-shift circuit that in the scope of 360 degree, carries out phase shift as required.What phase-shift circuit adopted in the present embodiment is the two-way operational amplifier of LM324, also can adopt the operational amplifier of other various models and type, also can adopt by transistor or by operational amplifier or the phase-shift circuit be made up of digital circuit

Another common-mode signal suppression circuit is described, promptly digital common mode inhibition circuit and location receiving system circuit among Fig. 6 d.It is to carry out constituting of common mode inhibition computing and D/A switch circuit by mould/number conversion circuit, central processing unit, from a plurality of pick-up M ₁And M ₂Deng being connected to capacitor C ₂, C ₁Deng electric capacity, connected mode is all identical with Fig. 7 a, respectively the voice signal of gathering is input to pre-process circuit ID as required then ₂And ID ₁In circuit, output to mould/number conversion circuit D through after the various necessary preliminary treatment ₁, analog signal conversion is become digital signal, mould/number conversion circuit D ₁Digital signal after the conversion is outputed to digital signal processing circuit D ₂, carry out common-mode signal and suppress computing, remove common-mode signal, extract difference mode signal, also can locate the reception computing, pass through D/A switch circuit D again ₃, the step number word processing of advancing of going forward side by side, as carry out digital filtering, speech recognition etc.Digital signal processing circuit can also be made up of the digital circuit of other types.

Digital signal processing circuit can execution graph 9 digital common mode inhibition computer flow chart.Also can carry out the digital noise resistance location receiving computer flow chart computing of Figure 10.

Digital signal processing circuit can be made up of various types of central processor CPUs and peripheral circuit, or is made up of digital processing unit (DSP) and peripheral circuit.Equally, digital signal processing circuit can also be made up of other the various types of digital circuits that can finish this computing.

Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b are add one-level pre-amplification circuit U3U4 respectively in circuit after, and together with the common-mode signal suppression circuit of subtraction circuit or adder circuit formation, it is from U again ₁(or U ₂) extract difference mode signal after, through with dc capacitor C ₅Output to that other back level application circuit is for further processing.

In the present embodiment in the amplifier circuit present embodiment differential amplifier circuit be four road operational amplifiers of LM324, also can adopt the operational amplifier of other various models and type, also can adopt by the various amplifier circuits of transistor or operational amplifier or the like and form.

Fig. 8 a and Fig. 8 b further specify a kind of common-mode signal inhibition and location receiving system circuit, promptly digital common mode inhibition and the location receiving system circuit of describing among Fig. 6 d.Be that a kind of numerical data of using in the pick-up of the present utility model is gathered the circuit diagram of common mode inhibition and location receiving system.

Fig. 8 a illustrates a kind of numerical data collection common mode inhibition and the location receiving system circuit diagram that uses in the pick-up of the present utility model.

In this embodiment: voice data acquisition process output device becomes the parallel processing apparatus of digital information processing system of the present invention with computer set.Voice data acquisition process output device receives the signal of pick-up output in the pick-up of the present invention, carrying out signal through preamplifier amplifies, carry out preliminary treatment such as various filtering then, become digital signal by mould/number conversion circuit conversion, input central processing unit (CPU) or digital processing unit (DSP).If two pick-ups are arranged in the pick-up, (also can carry out other processing by carrying out the processing of digital signal common mode inhibition, as locate the processing of reception), then the differential mode digital signal is for further processing, with its result by address bus and data/address bus and computer exchanges or by parallel port or serial port export to miscellaneous equipment or by digital to analog converter with audio digital signal be converted to analog signal, through the laggard capable power amplification output of filtering.Computer can communicate by bus interface, parallel port or serial port and voice data acquisition process output device, promptly send instruction or receive data, voice data acquisition process output device because program storage and data storage are arranged, central processing unit is arranged (CPU) or digital processing unit (DSP) can service data acquisition process program, therefore also can independently constitute an independently work system.As required also can one certain part of utilization native system form an independently system, as computer is partly removed, just with the part of front or some part wherein or the like.

If when using a plurality of anti-noise pickups to receive voice signal, in this voice data acquisition process output device, input pre-amplification circuit and filter circuit mould/number conversion circuit will have the circuit of respective numbers.In this voice data acquisition process output device, the various digital circuits that can adopt various types of central processing units (CPU) or digital processing unit (DSP) as required and can finish this computing, can adopt 8 bits or 8 bits above A/D converter, digital to analog converter, pre-amplification circuit, filter circuit, power amplification circuit.Computer interface circuit, parallel port, serial port etc. can be set as required.

Here various types of digital processing units and central processing unit can be used and other various types of digital circuits of this computing or the like can be finished, and various types of mould/number conversion circuit and D/A converting circuit.

A kind of numerical data of using in Fig. 8 b and the explanation pick-up of the present utility model is gathered the common mode inhibition system circuit diagram.Behind the voice signal input preamplifier that pick-up M2 and M1 receive, carry out the common mode inhibition computing through mould/number conversion circuit AD1847, central processing unit (ADSP2111 or the like digital processing element), output in computer or other digital signal processing appts through input/output interface and to go, perhaps say that through the D/A converting circuit of AD1847 digital quantity is transformed into analog quantity output.Here various types of digital processing units and central processing unit can be used and other various types of digital circuits of this computing or the like can be finished, and various types of mould/number conversion circuit and D/A converting circuit.

Fig. 9 is a kind of digital common mode inhibition computer flow chart that uses in the explanation pick-up of the present utility model.

Below, illustrate that pick-up of the present utility model can carry out the principle of digital common mode inhibition.Utilize two pick-ups to receive the voice signal that source of sound sends, utilize mould/number conversion circuit that the analog-signal transitions of sound is digital signal, extract difference mode signal by digital common mode inhibition, also can extract difference mode signal and carry out digital filtering by digital common mode inhibition, deliver to D/A output then, or output to computer.

Figure 10 is a kind of digital noise resistance location receiving computer flow process that explanation is used in the pick-up of the present utility model: following, illustrate that pick-up of the present utility model can determine that sound source arrives the principle of pick-up distance.Utilize two monomer pick-ups to receive the voice signal that source of sound sends, add digital filtering method with digital common mode inhibition, leach the voice signal of a pick-up reception in two monomer pick-ups and each sound wave in the difference mode signal respectively, each sound wave of finding out same waveform as in each road voice signal then carries out the comparison of watt level, calculate big or small ratio between the two, both ratio tables of voice signal that contrast is sent according to the source of sound of certain distance practical measurement or that calculate just can be known the source of sound that sends this sound wave and the actual range of pick-up.In fact can almost completely extract the sound that sends at the source of sound with a certain distance from pick-up this moment.

The handling process of utilizing the monomer pick-up of the structure that the certain space array configurations is arranged more than two to position reception is: receive the voice signal that source of sound sends with each pick-up respectively, use digital filtering method, leach each sound wave in the voice signal that a plurality of pick-ups receive respectively, each sound wave of same waveform as carries out the comparison of acoustical power size in the voice signal that a plurality of pick-ups are received then, calculate big or small ratio between the two, priority difference with time of reception, according to the voice signal ratio table that source of sound practical measurement and certain position that calculate sends, calculate this ratio and just can know the source of sound that sends this sound wave and the concrete relative position of pick-up.At this moment, in fact can almost completely extract the sound that sends at source of sound with a certain distance from the ad-hoc location of pick-up.Program is found out the alternate position spike distance by the sensing of more present pick-up and the position of actual source of sound, and the orientation that the calculating pick-up need change is exported by D/A, drives servomotor, rotates the sensing of pick-up, reaches best sensing position.

As required, each parts in each most preferred embodiment of the present utility model can be combined into mutually new various embodiments, for example the rear cylinder body support in the accompanying drawing, preceding cylinder stent and preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame are exchanged combination, perhaps each internal part exchange in rear cylinder body support, preceding cylinder stent and the preceding cylindrical shell bracing frame is reconfigured, also can form new embodiment.

As mentioned above,, describe most preferred embodiment of the present utility model in detail, still, should not think that the utility model only only limits to each above-mentioned embodiment with reference to each accompanying drawing.Those skilled in the art, inspiration by the various embodiments described above, be not difficult anti-noise-electret pick-up of the present utility model is made various improvement, change or replacement, therefore, these improvement, change or replacement, should not think to have broken away from design of the present utility model, or appended claims book institute restricted portion.

Claims

1. combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance, constitute by a plurality of monomer electret pick-ups, wherein, described monomer electret pick-up is made of preceding cylindrical shell and rear cylinder body, cylindrical shell comprises that electret pick-up receives the necessary part of sound before described, described rear cylinder body comprises the necessary part of reception sound parts in addition such as circuit, it is characterized in that this combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance is in a certain way a plurality of monomer noise resistance electret pick-ups to be made up with certain interval.

2. according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1, it is characterized in that, between described a plurality of monomer electret pick-ups, be fixed with support.

3. according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1, it is characterized in that, fix described a plurality of monomer electret pick-up by described each rear cylinder body is connected.

4. according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described a plurality of monomer noise resistance electret pick-up can be the pick-up that adopts pickup part and non-pickup part isolating construction, also can be noise resistance electret pick-up, noise resistance moving-coil pickup, noise resistance electromagnetic pick-up, noise resistance ceramic pick-up or the noise resistance semiconductor pick-up of non-isolating construction.

5. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance, it is characterized in that, between the anti-electret pick-up of described a plurality of monomers towards can be identical, also can be inequality.

6. according to claim 1,2 or 3 described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance, it is characterized in that the axis between the anti-electret pick-up of described a plurality of monomers can be on same straight line, also can be on different straight lines.

7. according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1, it is characterized in that, described a plurality of monomer noise resistance electret pick-ups are put into a plurality of patchhole internal fixation of a shell.Between pick-up and patchhole, put into earthquake washer.

8. according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preceding shell portion of each monomer noise resistance electret pick-up can be integrated, also the rear cylinder body of each monomer noise resistance electret pick-up partly can be integrated.

9. according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1, it is characterized in that the rear cylinder body of described each electret pick-up is provided with the common mode inhibition circuit module that is used to suppress noise.

10. described according to Claim 8 combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance is characterized in that described common mode inhibition circuit module is made of a subtraction circuit.Its structure is a pick-up M ₁An output receive partiting dc capacitor C ₂, pass through R ₂Receive the common-mode signal suppression circuit U that subtracter forms ₁Negative terminal, another pick-up M ₂An output pass through C ₁, C ₂Receive the common-mode signal suppression circuit U that subtracter forms ₁Anode, power supply VCC is by constant-current source H ₁And H ₂Respectively to the 1st and the 2nd pick-up M ₁And M ₂Power supply, by described common-mode signal suppression circuit, the voice signal that two pick-ups are received carries out the common-mode signal inhibition, takes out difference mode signal.

11. described according to Claim 8 combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance is characterized in that, described common mode inhibition circuit module is made of an adder circuit.Its structure is pick-up M ₁Output receive partiting dc capacitor C ₂Pick-up M ₂Output is received partiting dc capacitor C ₁, pass through R again ₅, R ₆, R ₇Common-mode signal suppression circuit U with adder formation ₂Anode connect U ₂Negative terminal connecting resistance 8, power supply VCC is by constant-current source H ₁And H ₂(also can be resistance or the like power supply circuits) be respectively to pick-up M ₃, M ₄Power supply will suppress common-mode signal by output and extract difference mode signal.

12. described according to Claim 8 combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance, its feature exists

In, between the partiting dc capacitor of described module and adder, a phase-shift circuit is set.

13. described according to Claim 8 combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance is characterized in that, the described common mode inhibition circuit module that is used to suppress noise can be arranged on the outside of each electret pick-up rear cylinder body.

14. according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1, it is characterized in that, a plurality of electret pick-ups that connect by connector can be made up with 3 dimension array formats, so that from comprehensive reception voice signal.

15., it is characterized in that described pick-up can be used for the directional reception of sound according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 12.

16. according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 12, it is characterized in that, the driving and the transfer that are used to regulate direction be housed on described connector.

17., it is characterized in that the rear cylinder body of described each electret pick-up is provided with the digital common mode inhibition circuit module that is used to suppress noise according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1.

18., it is characterized in that the structure of described digital common mode inhibition circuit module is, with a plurality of pick-up M according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 1 ₁And M ₂Respectively with capacitor C ₂, C ₁Deng connection, more respectively with pre-process circuit ID ₂And ID ₁Deng, output to mould/number conversion circuit D through merging after the various preliminary treatment ₁, analog signal conversion is become digital signal, mould/number conversion circuit D ₁Digital signal after the conversion is outputed to digital signal processing circuit D ₂, carry out common-mode signal and suppress computing, remove common-mode signal, extract difference mode signal.

19. according to claim 9 or 10 described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance, it is characterized in that, one preamplifier be set again in the front of described subtracter or adder.

20., it is characterized in that described digital common mode inhibition circuit module can be connected with ancillary equipment such as computer according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 18, carry out localization of sound by calculating and receive.

21., it is characterized in that described digital common mode inhibition circuit module can be arranged on the outside of described pick-up according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 18.

22., it is characterized in that the described localization of sound that carries out receives and may further comprise the steps according to the described combined electret pick-up with high noise resistance of claim 19:

(1) makes system initialization;

(2) read in the A/D switching signal of a plurality of pick-ups respectively;

(3) difference mode signal between the voice signal of per two pick-ups reception of calculating;

(4) utilize digital filtering method, leach each sound wave in the voice signal that a plurality of pick-ups receive respectively;

(5) each sound wave of same waveform as carries out the comparison of acoustical power size in the voice signal that a plurality of pick-ups are received, calculate big or small ratio between the two, priority difference with time of reception, according to the voice signal ratio table that source of sound practical measurement and certain position that calculate sends, obtain sending the source of sound of this sound wave and the concrete relative position of pick-up.

Store the sound wave number of the sound source of each assigned address, and return step (2); And, find out the alternate position spike distance by the sensing of more present pick-up and the position of actual source of sound, and calculate the orientation that pick-up need change, by D/A output, drive servomotor, rotate the sensing of pick-up, reach best sensing position.