CN2409523Y - Electroscope - Google Patents

Electroscope Download PDF

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Publication number
CN2409523Y
CN2409523Y CN 99251261 CN99251261U CN2409523Y CN 2409523 Y CN2409523 Y CN 2409523Y CN 99251261 CN99251261 CN 99251261 CN 99251261 U CN99251261 U CN 99251261U CN 2409523 Y CN2409523 Y CN 2409523Y
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China
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voltage
amplifier
resistance
stationary contact
exploring electrode
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN 99251261
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Chinese (zh)
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杨锡福
杨兴旺
杨繁荣
张贵岚
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杨锡福
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Priority to CN 99251261 priority Critical patent/CN2409523Y/en
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Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of H5 in IPC. An amplifier (3) is connected with a voltage indication (6), and an inner circuit and an outer structure are matched to form the voltage indication (6). An input end is connected with a low voltage exploring electrode (1) and a high voltage exploring electrode (7) provided with a sleeve barrel type range switching. An output end is connected with a light show (4) and a sound prompt (8) which synergistically move. The amplifier (3) is also connected with a self-diagnostic test (9), a battery (5) and a touching electrode or an earthing (2). One utility model can contain various voltage levels which are from a safe voltage to 500 thousand V and can provide ac or dc exact voltage data with polarity. The utility model provides a test facility for the latest power transmission technology HVDC.

Description

Novel electroscope
The invention belongs to the H05 technical field of H portion among the IPC, be safety utilization of electric power or, and the novel electroscope of the automatic color-changing demonstration of voltage data is provided because of real works such as operation, maintenance, test need to predict in advance whether charged and charged character such as the equipment that will contact, facility.
Existing technology is, (below the 250V) also has disclosed Chinese patent on April 14th, 1999 " test pencil that a kind of automatic color-changing shows " except that commercially available polytype neon tube or liquid crystal test pencil in low-pressure field, and Granted publication number is CN2314381Y.The shortcoming of neon tube test pencil be luminous dark, the life-span short, the DC voltage indication is indeterminate and easily cause misjudgment etc.; The display error of liquid crystal test pencil is very big, even complete mistake, and does not show in the illumination weak point; Though and the aforementioned patent technology does not have the shortcoming of neon tube test pencil, a fly in the ointment is can not definitely indicate equally the magnitude of voltage of measured target thing.In addition, various low tension test pencils all can not be applied to high pressure, UHV (ultra-high voltage) field (more than the 250V, even reaching 500KV).And in high pressure, UHV (ultra-high voltage) field used electroscope, only be applicable to correspondent voltage grade (being certain voltage section), exceeding limited range still can not use, and do not work in low-pressure field---the electroscope such as different electric pressures in 220,000 volts or the 11 Wan Fu transformer stations has three covers at least, even 30,000 5 the most small-sized stations also get two covers, original several few operators on duty must be with a few cover electroscopes and other instruments to beat up and down as required in battery limits during operation, and are extremely inconvenient; Owing to constructional reason, the light-emitting component of high voltage electroscope is at front end (near the exploring electrode place), and luminous situation operator can't see oneself at all; High voltage electroscope all is to leave in the long box after each big parts is disassembled, assembles before the use temporarily, and the one, troublesome poeration, the 2nd, the probability of damaging strengthens; High voltage electroscope exists equally can only detect no-voltage, can not predict the problem of voltage height, let alone the definite numerical value of voltage is provided; The structure of high voltage electroscope is substantially the same or identical, and just electric pressure is different, must have many covers simultaneously, is actually the waste to resource and material.
The purpose of this utility model provides and a kind ofly can contain existing all kinds of utilization voltage grades, and can both indicate exact numerical values recited, long-lived reliable, carry with easy to use, show electroscope eye-catching, the prompting acumen.Certainly, wide if residing environment does not need voltage range is contained in actual use, also can do part omission and simplification.
The utility model is on the basis of five parts such as Chinese patent " test pencil that a kind of automatic color-changing shows " the existing low pressure exploring electrode of primary circuit, touch electrode (or ground connection), amplifier, luminous demonstration, battery, through rigorous suitable augmenting, newly added the voltage indicating section that connects amp.in inside; High pressure exploring electrode and range conversion portion that the tie point with amp.in and low pressure exploring electrode joins have been increased; Two output terminals at amplifier are connecting total sound equipment notification portion respectively separately again; Also be provided with two groups of self check hookups etc., form by nine parts altogether.
The voltage measurement indicating section comprises by measurement finishing promptly from the linear resistance potentiometer RW of horizontal reset 1, diode D 1And D 2The circuit of forming, and the voltage indicating graduation on the electroscope handle, this scale and potentiometer RW 1The operation key button on mark finish magnitude of voltage indication jointly.Potentiometer RW 1Terminals and primary circuit in R 2, C 1, DW 1, DW 2Tie point join and potentiometer RW 1The center cursor slide then with after its another terminals link to each other, be connected on diode D 1And D 2Tie point on.Diode D 1Positive pole connect battery cathode; Diode D 2Negative pole connect the positive pole of battery.
Luminous displaing part branch (variable color light emitting diode just) is installed in the one side that the electroscope housing is connected with handle, promptly towards operator's a side, is convenient to operator oneself and observes.
High pressure exploring electrode and range conversion portion adopt telescoping structure, are divided into basic sleeve and connecting casing pipe two big units.High pressure exploring electrode TT 2And resistance R 1e, R 1d, R 1CAnd corresponding contacts JZ1 JZ 3, DZ 1, DZ 2, JZ 2, JZ 4In basic sleeve, outside, in the inner sleeve; High pressure exploring electrode TT 1With resistance R 1a, R 1bAnd corresponding contacts JZ 5, JZ 6, DZ 3With socket CZ in connecting casing pipe continuous, continue in the outer sleeve.Concrete connection is: resistance R 1eTwo ends meet stationary contact JZ respectively 3And JZ 1, stationary contact JZ 1Tie point with amplifier input terminal and low pressure exploring electrode communicates again; Resistance R 1dTwo ends meet moving contact DZ respectively 1And DZ 2Resistance R 1cTwo ends meet stationary contact JZ respectively 4And JZ 2, stationary contact JZ 2High pressure exploring electrode TT ins succession again 2Resistance R 1aTwo ends meet stationary contact JZ respectively 5And JZ 6, stationary contact JZ 6High pressure exploring electrode TT ins succession again 1Resistance R 1bThe two ends moving contact DZ that ins succession respectively 3With socket CZ.
Sound notification portion is by diode D 3, D 4And capacitor C 2, resistance R 8And triode BG 6, BG 7Also have audio oscillator circuit such as loudspeaker Y to form jointly.Concrete connection is: diode D 3, D 4Positive pole meet triode BG in the amplifier respectively 5And BG 3Collector; And diode D 3, D 4The then common and capacitor C of negative pole 2Positive pole and resistance R 8One of end link to each other; Capacitor C 2Negative pole connect battery cathode; Resistance R 8Another termination audio oscillator circuit in triode BG 6Base stage.
The self check hookup is made up of identical two parts: i.e. resistance R 10With pushbutton switch AN 1, resistance R 11With pushbutton switch AN 2Two groups of series circuits are connected on triode BG separately 1And BG 4Base stage and collector between.
Improve through above many places, make the utility model only need one, pulling out or advancing by sleeve, the conversion of range just, just can simple and reliablely finish the electrical equipment of containing existing all kinds of utilization voltage grades, the test of facility, the judgement task, and can rely on interior circuit and the external structure that voltage is indicated, the interchange of certain precision or direct current are provided and indicate the voltage data of polarity, accomplished from 36 volts of safe voltages (in fact can accomplish below 30 volts) general until 500,000 volts of UHV (ultra-high voltage), more valuable is for the latest model technology of transmission of electricity---high voltage direct current technology (HVDC) provides a kind of possible detection means now, this is inconceivable for existing technology, so that the utility model also has is certain perspective.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the block scheme of each structure division of the utility model.
Fig. 2 is a galvanoscopic detailed circuit diagram shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure and the overall schematic of galvanoscopic high pressure exploring electrode shown in Figure 1 and range conversion portion.
Embodiment 1
Electroscope leaves in the long box at ordinary times, and basic sleeve is all to advance; Its connecting casing pipe also is all to advance and separation with it, places separately.If the sight when galvanoscopic each sleeve is all pulled out then as shown in Figure 3.
Resistance R 1dThe basic sleeve at place is in outermost layer (being called for short outer sleeve 11), resistance R 1dTwo ends meet the moving contact DZ at outer sleeve 11 two ends respectively 1And DZ 2Resistance R 1eThe basic sleeve at place is in the inside (being called for short middle sleeve 12) of outer sleeve 11, resistance R 1eTwo ends meet the stationary contact JZ at middle sleeve 12 two ends respectively 3And JZ 1, and stationary contact JZ 1Again with low pressure exploring electrode 1 and amplifier 3 in resistance R 2Be electrically connected (referring to Fig. 2), and middle sleeve 12 its stationary contact JZ 1One end at place and electroscope housing 16 are an integral body, and the opposite side of housing 16 is handle 17 (see figure 3)s; Resistance R 1cThe basic sleeve at place is in the inside (being called for short inner sleeve 13), resistance R 1cTwo ends meet the stationary contact JZ at inner sleeve 13 two ends respectively 4And JZ 2, stationary contact JZ 2Again with high pressure exploring electrode TT 2Link to each other.When electroscope is taken out from the long box of depositing it, because of its basic sleeve is all to advance, so middle sleeve 12 is inserted in the outer sleeve 11; Inner sleeve 13 also in outer sleeve 11, inserts again in the middle sleeve 12 simultaneously.Situation is now---the moving contact DZ of outer sleeve 11 1Stationary contact JZ with middle sleeve 12 1Connect; The moving contact DZ of outer sleeve 11 2Stationary contact JZ with inner sleeve 13 2Connect, and stationary contact JZ 2Again with high pressure exploring electrode TT 2Link to each other, this is actually the resistance R in the inner sleeve 13 1CAnd the resistance R in the middle sleeve 12 1eAll open a way, have only the resistance R of outer sleeve 11 1dWork, at this moment 10KV electric pressure test pattern just! In addition, because potentiometer RW 1Formula automatically resets, it has maximum resistance to electroscope when not using, be reflected in and be meant on the handle 17 and be shown on the minimum voltage value position, that is to say that electroscope is in the maximum sensitivity state, even so, electroscope is still awaited orders and is not worked, and each triode and circuit all end, and is in the preparatory stage (the idle principle of this fashion is seen notification number CN2314381Y Chinese patent).
According to 70 regulations of Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power of the People's Republic of China (PRC) " electrical safe working order " generating plant and electric substation's electric part (be called for short " (safety ", down with): " during electrical verification, must be with the suitable and qualified electroscope of electric pressure.Before the electrical verification, should be earlier test having on the electric equipment, the conclusive evidence electroscope is good." we can click self check test button AN earlier respectively 1And AN 2, each self-supporting triode BG 1And BG 4Some bias currents are provided, press AN 1The time, electroscope sends the sound, and the diode displaying green glow proves that the positive voltage test circuit is working properly; When pressing AN 2The time electroscope also send the sound, diode displaying ruddiness proves that again the negative voltage test circuit is working properly.If hold electroscope handle 17 and with galvanoscopic high pressure exploring electrode TT 2To the electric equipment of having of relevant voltage grade, test, then will demonstrate different light---positively charged green glow, negative electricity ruddiness, alternating current orange-colored light according to the charged character that electric equipment is arranged (being negative just or interchange), and the sound that sends is easy to distinguish because of charged different in kind has some differences.When the equipment to needs checks carried out formal electrical verification, if electroscope is reactionless, neither luminous also sounding (prerequisite be proved conclusively electroscope good) not then proved this equipment no-voltage; If the electroscope luminous and sounding type, available finger push potentiometer RW 1Operation key button to acousto-optic just stop, extinguish the position, at this moment operate key button indication and multiply by multiplying power on the outer sleeve 11 at the voltage calibration reading on the handle 17, promptly be the magnitude of voltage of charging equipment.For safety and voltage readings accurately, should on touch electrode (or ground connection) 5, connect appended ground wire of electroscope and reliable ground during test, doing also like this is that " safety " 70 allows and regulation.
In voltage indicating circuit 6, diode D 1And D 2Connection very important, it has guaranteed the duty of triode: when positive voltage signal is imported, diode D 1End and D 2Conducting can guarantee triode BG 1Be operated in common-collector configuration; When negative voltage signal is imported, diode D 2End and D 1Conducting has guaranteed triode BG again 4Be operated in common-collector configuration.Like this, make that not only the measurement sensitivity of positive and negative signal is identical, and the input impedance of common-collector configuration transistor circuit is high, to step-down current-limiting resistance R 1a～R 1e, R 2With pressure measurement potentiometer RW 1Between the influence of intrinsic standoff ratio minimum, improved ability picked up in the inspection of feeble signal, also make potentiometer RW 1Pressure measurement work accurately sharp.
In the sound equipment cue circuit 8, diode D 3And D 4Play buffer action, prevented interacting between just luminous demonstration and the negative luminous demonstration, no matter and make that jointly the sound equipment prompting is all same normal startup of positive signal input or negative signal input, and end fully again during the no signal input, power switch has also been saved in no longer power consumption.Capacitor C 2Important role, on the one hand it makes that the action of sound prompting and light demonstration is synchronous when surveying voltage, has eliminated because of can not harmoniously causing the awkward situation that the people is difficult to follow each other; It is crisp to make again that on the other hand sound, light change, and has avoided backlash phenomena (the potentiometer RW that occurs when measuring 1Transfer in the past or recall to indication that sound, light stops not on same position).
Embodiment 2
When surveying 35KV voltage, hold handle 17 galvanoscopic middle sleeve 12 is pulled out from outer sleeve 11.At this moment, the stationary contact JZ of middle sleeve 12 3Moving contact DZ with outer sleeve 11 1Connect, and the moving contact DZ of outer sleeve 11 2Still with the stationary contact JZ of inner sleeve 13 2Connect, because stationary contact JZ 2Again with high pressure exploring electrode TT 2Link to each other, so like this, only be resistance R 1cOpen circuit is by resistance R 1d, R 1eThe series connection (see figure 2).Other operation as: self check, test, connects reliable ground wire, to desiring the formal electrical verification of measurement equipment, referring to push away potentiometer RW to the electric equipment of having of relevant voltage grade 1Key button is surveyed voltage etc., and is identical with embodiment 1.As long as will be on the handle 17 the voltage calibration reading of indication multiply by multiplying power on the middle sleeve 12, promptly know the magnitude of voltage of equipment under test.
Embodiment 3
When surveying 110KV voltage, be to survey on the basis of 35KV voltage, again inner sleeve 13 pulled out from outer sleeve 11, at this moment the moving contact DZ of outer sleeve 11 at embodiment 2 2Stationary contact JZ with inner sleeve 13 4Connect, be actually resistance R 1c, R 1d, R 1eThe (see figure 2) that is in series, other operation is with embodiment 2 or 1.When reading magnitude of voltage, a multiplying power that the voltage calibration reading that need indicate on the handle 17 multiply by on the inner sleeve 13 gets final product.
Embodiment 4
When surveying 220KV voltage, be to survey on the basis of 110KV voltage, add connecting casing pipe at embodiment 3.The socket CZ of continuous outer sleeve 14 and the high pressure exploring electrode TT of inner sleeve 13 2It is ready to connect cooperation, at this moment the moving contact DZ of continuous outer sleeve 14 3Stationary contact JE with continuous inner sleeve 15 6Connect (because of storage configuration time continuous inner sleeve 15 be to insert in the continuous outer sleeve 14), stationary contact JZ 6Link to each other with high pressure exploring electrode TT1 again, be actually resistance R 1b, R 1c, R 1d, R 1eThe (see figure 2) that is in series, other operation is with embodiment 2 or 1.The multiplying power that when reading magnitude of voltage the voltage calibration reading of indicating on the handle 17 be multiply by on the continuous outer sleeve 14 gets final product.
Embodiment 5
When surveying 500KV voltage, be to survey on the basis of 220KV voltage, will continue inner sleeve 15 again and from continuous outer sleeve 14, pull out at embodiment 4.At this moment the moving contact DZ that continues outer sleeve 14 3Stationary contact JZ with continuous inner sleeve 15 5Connect, be actually resistance R 1a, R 1b, R 1c, R 1d, R 1eThe (see figure 2) that is in series, other operation is with embodiment 2 or 1.The multiplying power that when reading magnitude of voltage the voltage calibration reading of indicating on the handle 17 be multiply by on the continuous inner sleeve 15 gets final product.
Embodiment 6
(according to clearly defining of " safety " the 4th: " voltage-to-ground reaches following person at 250 volts when surveying low-voltage." this comprises also that certainly line voltage is 380 volts power electricity, because of its voltage-to-ground is that phase voltage is 220 volts, still below 250 volts); concrete operations are comparable such according to embodiment 1, electroscope taken out, without connecting casing pipe; basic sleeve is let alone to leave unused also in whole advanced state.Behind self-check program, remove to touch the object of equipment under test or desire test with low pressure exploring electrode 1, if electroscope is reactionless, prove the measured object no-voltage; If the electroscope luminous and sounding type promotes potentiometer RW 1The operation key button to sound, light stops, extinguishes the position, direct read-out voltage value from the low pressure scale.
Embodiment 7
If only want to survey low-voltage with electroscope, and when being made into dedicated form, electroscope can be simplified on structure and circuit greatly---remove high pressure exploring electrode and range conversion portion 7, remove sound notification portion 8 and from seizure test 9, only keep 1,2,3,4,5,6 each several parts, like this, with regard to the input end that the has become amplifier 3 low pressure exploring electrode 1 of ining succession, the inside of input end is connecting voltage indication 6, its two output terminals are connecting total luminous demonstration 4 respectively, it also is connected with battery 5 and touch electrode or ground connection 2, manufacture pocket-size according to this in the hope of easy to carry and use, so as notification number CN2314381Y Chinese patent, but many functions of measuring magnitude of voltage.During use, as common test pencil.But because substituted by season, degree of drying is different and the variation of human body resistance etc. influences, the magnitude of voltage of measuring is very inaccurate, if connect a ground wire, then voltage tester will not be subjected to the influence of extraneous factor, and will be consequently very gratifying.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of novel electroscope, it comprises amplifier (3), low pressure exploring electrode (1), the output terminal luminous demonstration (4) of ining succession of ining succession of the input end of amplifier (3), amplifier (3) also is connected with battery (5) and touch electrode or ground connection (2), it is characterized in that: the inside of the input end of amplifier (3) is connecting voltage indication (6); High pressure exploring electrode and the range conversion (7) of ining succession again of the tie point of amplifier (3) input end and low pressure exploring electrode (1); Two output terminals of amplifier (3) are connecting total sound prompting (8) respectively separately.
2, novel electroscope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: can automatically reset linear resistance potentiometer RW 1Terminals and the resistance R in the amplifier (3) 2, capacitor C 1, voltage stabilizing diode DW 1, DW 2Common tie point join potentiometer RW 1Another terminals of center cursor slide and its link to each other after, be connected on diode D 1And D 2Tie point on, diode D 1Positive pole meet battery (5) negative pole, diode D 2Negative pole connect the positive pole of battery (5).
3, novel electroscope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: telescoping structure is adopted in high pressure exploring electrode and range conversion (7).
4, novel electroscope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: resistance R 1eTwo ends meet stationary contact JZ respectively 3And JZ 1, stationary contact JZ 1Communicate with the input end of amplifier (3) and the tie point of low pressure exploring electrode (1) again; Resistance R 1dTwo ends meet moving contact DZ respectively 1And DZ 2Resistance R 1cTwo ends meet stationary contact JZ respectively 4And JZ 2, stationary contact JZ 2High pressure exploring electrode TT ins succession again 2Work as resistance R 1e, R 1d, R 1cWhen the basic sleeve at place is all pulled out, stationary contact JZ 3With moving contact DZ 1Connection, moving contact DZ 2With stationary contact JZ 4Connect, when basic sleeve all advances, moving contact DZ 1With stationary contact JZ 1Connection, moving contact DZ 2With stationary contact JZ 2Connect; Resistance R 1aTwo ends meet stationary contact JZ respectively 5And JZ 6, stationary contact JZ 6High pressure exploring electrode TT ins succession again 1Resistance R 1bTwo ends meet moving contact DZ respectively 3With socket CZ; Work as resistance R 1a, R 1bWhen the connecting casing pipe at place is all pulled out, moving contact DZ 3With stationary contact JZ 5Connect, when connecting casing pipe all advances, moving contact DZ 3With stationary contact JZ 6Connect; As required, whether decision uses connecting casing pipe, during bitter the use, and the high pressure exploring electrode TT of the socket CZ of connecting casing pipe and basic sleeve 2Connect.
5, novel electroscope according to claim 1 is characterized in that: diode D 3And D 4Positive pole meet triode BG in the amplifier (3) respectively 5And BG 3Collector; And diode D 3And D 4The then common and capacitor C of negative pole 2Positive pole and resistance R 8One of end link to each other; Capacitor C 2Negative pole connect the negative pole of battery (5); Resistance R 8The other end then meet triode BG in the audio oscillator circuit 6Base stage.
6, novel electroscope according to claim 1, if want to make the pocket tailored version of only testing low-voltage, circuit and structure can be simplified greatly, give up high pressure exploring electrode and range conversion (7), sound prompting (8), from seizure test (9), it is characterized in that: the input end of amplifier (3) the low pressure exploring electrode (1) of ining succession; The voltage indication (6) of ining succession of the inside of the input end of amplifier (3); Two output terminals of amplifier (3) are connecting total luminous demonstration (4) respectively; Amplifier (3) also is connected with battery (5) and touch electrode or ground connection (2), and that is exactly a kind of pocket low pressure electroscope or the test pencil that can measure the accurate data of magnitude of voltage.
CN 99251261 1999-10-18 1999-10-18 Electroscope Expired - Fee Related CN2409523Y (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 99251261 CN2409523Y (en) 1999-10-18 1999-10-18 Electroscope

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN 99251261 CN2409523Y (en) 1999-10-18 1999-10-18 Electroscope

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CN2409523Y true CN2409523Y (en) 2000-12-06

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100344979C (en) * 2004-07-27 2007-10-24 谢文略 High-voltage split-phase peak contact electroscopy
CN102841236A (en) * 2012-09-02 2012-12-26 国家电网公司 Multi-voltage-stage high voltage electroscope
CN104931905A (en) * 2014-03-21 2015-09-23 国家电网公司 High-voltage electroscope starting voltage test apparatus and test method
CN105823922A (en) * 2016-03-17 2016-08-03 国家电网公司 AC charged induction device
CN107525977A (en) * 2016-06-20 2017-12-29 广东电网有限责任公司中山供电局 High-tension apparatus measuring device with electricity

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100344979C (en) * 2004-07-27 2007-10-24 谢文略 High-voltage split-phase peak contact electroscopy
CN102841236A (en) * 2012-09-02 2012-12-26 国家电网公司 Multi-voltage-stage high voltage electroscope
CN104931905A (en) * 2014-03-21 2015-09-23 国家电网公司 High-voltage electroscope starting voltage test apparatus and test method
CN104931905B (en) * 2014-03-21 2017-12-19 国家电网公司 High voltage electroscope starts voltage test device and test method
CN105823922A (en) * 2016-03-17 2016-08-03 国家电网公司 AC charged induction device
CN105823922B (en) * 2016-03-17 2019-01-08 国家电网公司 Hum bar electrical induction device
CN107525977A (en) * 2016-06-20 2017-12-29 广东电网有限责任公司中山供电局 High-tension apparatus measuring device with electricity

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