CN2407550Y - Synchronous observator for steady/unsteady periodical movements - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a synchronous observer for steady/unsteady periodical movements. A main body is a plurality of same pulsed light source composed of xenon flash tubes, etc.; the utility model is also provided with a synchronous triggering and pulse distributing device composed of a single-chip computer, a synchronous switch, a photoelectric driver, etc. When the part needed to be observed on the object in periodical movement passes through the observation place of people, the synchronous switch is switched on, and the single-chip computer immediately outputs triggering pulse to flash the flash tubes to light the part needed to be observed. Because of the visual persistence effect of the human eyes, people see an approximately static spectacle. Through the arrangement of switching on and off the operating condition, the single-chip computer can enable a plurality of flash tubes to circularly flash in turn, and the object with a faster moving speed can be observed.

Description

The synchronous finder of stable state or unstable state periodic motion

The utility model relates to a kind of device of observing stable state or unstable state periodic motion, specifically, relates to a kind of synchronous pulse flasher, belongs to the lighting source technical field of special purpose.

People's certain part on the periodic motion object that usually needs to detect by an unaided eye is to understand this a part of state or variation.But to a body in motion, just fuzzy a slice that people see is difficult to see clearly, and is when periodic motion is in when not stablizing so, more ugly clear.Never have a good way in the past or have a simple device to solve this problem.

The utility model proposes a scheme that addresses this problem.The ambient brightness of the periodic motion object that need are observed reduces, make people under this ambient brightness, not see this object of Chu, with a light-pulse generator it is thrown light on then, when on periodic motion object, needing look-out station process people's observation place, allow light-pulse generator that it is illuminated once, people have just seen the scene that needs look-out station, when this observed position repeatedly is illuminated and is seen by human eye, because the visual persistence effect of human eye, its result sees an approximate static scene, so just can see this position on this periodic motion object clearly.This finder that the utility model proposes is made light-pulse generator with xenon flash tube, and has designed the multiplex pulse light source, and (MCU) makes synchronous triggering and pulsqe distributor with single-chip microcomputer, not only can be used for general occasion, can also be used for period of motion occasion faster.

Describe the physical circuit and the course of work of this scheme of enforcement in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that the utility model is observed rotating object.

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of single-chip microcomputer working procedure in the utility model.

Fig. 1 has provided electrical schematic diagram of the present utility model, device main body is the light-pulse generator that identical a few route xenon flash tube constitute, next is synchronous triggering and the pulsqe distributor that is made of single-chip microcomputer, the speed of the periodic motion of observing according to need, this identical several roads light-pulse generator can get 1 the tunnel, the 2 tunnel, the 3 road or 4 the tunnel, get less when slow, get when fast more, and be called single channel flash of light, 2 tunnel flashes of light, 3 tunnel flashes of light or 4 tunnel flashes of light.Drawn 4 the tunnel among the figure, be denoted as 11,12,13 and 14 successively.

Physical circuit is such: the alternating current 220V power supply is isolated and transformations through transformer 16, tells several roads, a road 15 working power of making this device after rectification, filtering and pressurizer 17 voltage stabilizings wherein; Identical in addition several roads 11,12,13 and 14 earlier become DC power supply about 300V through rectification, receive the positive terminal of energy storage capacitor 21,22,23 and 24 again, and then receive an end of xenon flash tube 31,32,33 and 34; DC power supply is also by causing an end that triggers capacitor 51,52,53 and 54 respectively behind charging resistor 41,42,43 and 44, trigger the other end contact of capacitor and send out the elementary of transformer 61,62,63 and 64, trigger the high voltage of several kilovolts of secondary output of transformer, be added on xenon flash tube 31,32,33 and 34 respectively; Constitute synchronous triggering and pulsqe distributor by single-chip microcomputer 18, on the input of single-chip microcomputer 18 except that being connected to the necessary devices of work such as crystal oscillator, reset circuit, on several inputs, be connected to operating state switch 81,82 and 83 is set, on another input, be connected to synchro switch 19; This synchro switch 19, needs according to practical application, it can be travel switch, also can be near switch, optoelectronic switch, Hall switch etc., move and to use travel switch when slow, move when fast and can select for use near switch or Hall switch can not contact again the time, synchro switch 19 must can be used optoelectronic switch from must be far away the time from the need look-out station, and these situations also can be selected other various switches that can play same purpose for use certainly; Several outputs of single-chip microcomputer 18 are connected to photoelectricity driver 71,72,73 and 74 respectively, the quantity of photoelectricity driver is identical with the quantity of light-pulse generator and flash tube, the upper end of the control end of photoelectricity driver connects working power by current-limiting resistance, and the lower end of control end connects the output of single-chip microcomputer, and inside is a light-emitting diode; The drive end of photoelectricity driver is light-operated type electronic switch, one end of electronic switch contacts an end of generating container 51,52,53 and 54 respectively, the common port of another termination DC power supply, thus make electronic switch, triggering capacitor, triggering transformer form a discharge loop; The single-chip microcomputer inside solidification has the working procedure of single channel, 2 tunnel, 3 road and 4 tunnel flashes of light, and the working procedure of group flashing light and interval flash of light, needs to use which kind of working procedure by the operating state on the single-chip microcomputer switch 81,82 and 83 to be set and decides.

The course of work of this device is such: when connecting the alternating current 220V power supply, 16 level output of transformer correspondent voltage, single-chip microcomputer 18 is started working behind electrification reset, several roads pulse powers also, through the DC power supply that becomes after the rectification about 300V energy storage capacitor 21,22,23 and 24 is charged, at this moment xenon flash tube 31,32,33 and 34 two ends also just have been coupled with the DC power supply about this 300V, and simultaneously, DC power supply is also to triggering capacitor 51,52,53 and 54 chargings.At this moment, if the synchro switch of single-chip microcomputer 19 is connected, then on this input of single-chip microcomputer, form a low level control signal, after single-chip microcomputer is received this low level control signal, start working procedure, general this section working procedure only just can be moved with tens microseconds or microsecond more than hundred and finish and export a low level trigger impulse at certain output, then connect light-emitting diode in the photoelectricity driver of what on it with luminous, and make the optoelectronic switch conducting of drive end, trigger the optoelectronic switch discharge of capacitor by conducting, form pulse current and flow through the elementary of triggering transformer, thereby induce the trigger impulse of several kilovolts and add on the what flash tube triggering transformer secondary output, this flash tube will be triggered discharge and send of short duration flash of light.Energy storage capacitor discharges rapidly during flash of light, and voltage reduces, so that it is luminous to keep flash tube soon, and flash of light this time just stops.Afterwards, DC power supply to energy storage capacitor and the charging of triggering capacitor, is waited for flash of light next time once more.

The time of flash tube Discharge illuminating is very short, generally has only several milliseconds to tens milliseconds, and it is determined by the capacitance of energy storage capacitor and the impedance of circuit:

t _D＝R ₁C/2

In the formula: t _D: flash time, microsecond (μ S);

R ₁: the resistance value of discharge loop, ohm (Ω);

C: the capacitance of energy storage capacitor; Microfarad (μ F).

For example: the capacitance of energy storage capacitor is 300 μ F, and the impedance of discharge loop is 20 Ω, then flash time t _DBe 3000 μ S.This t _DBe effective flash time, in fact begin to finish fully to flash of light from flash of light, more longer than this time.

After the flash tube discharge, need one period recovery time, and energy storage capacitor needs also a period of time to charge, thereby flash of light once more at once, the charging of energy storage capacitor needs the long time usually, and it is determined by following formula:

t _R＝3R ₂C

In the formula: t _R: charging interval, second (S);

R ₂: the resistance value of charge circuit, ohm (Ω);

C: the capacitance of energy storage capacitor, farad (F).

The impedance of charge circuit is bigger usually, and it comprises transformer induction reactance, the D.C. resistance of transformer coil, and the dynamic electric resistors of rectifying tube etc. generally can reach about 500 Ω, like this

t _R＝3×500×300×10 ^-6＝45×10 ^-2＝0.45S

The once required time interval of the every work of flash tube is flash time t _DWith charging interval t _RSum according to the conclusion of top two formulas, is added some other time that does not have expectation to enter again, in this circuit, is approximately 0.5 second.

Fig. 2 is an example of observing a rotating object with the utility model.A rotating object P is arranged on fixed mount E, several sections such as A, B, C, D are arranged on the P and together rotate with P, Q is the electric and mechanical part of this finder, and H is the xenon flash tube of this finder, and 4 road flash tubes all are loaded in the light projector cover.Near the place of A a magnetic pole M is set on P, M also will rotate with P and A, control the conducting and the disconnection of Hall type synchro switch 19 with M, M switch connection during near switch 19, and switch disconnected when M left switch 19.Now desire is observed A position on the P with this device.

When A rotated together along with P, if rotary speed is slower, people with the naked eye can also see A clearly, and along with rotary speed is accelerated, what people saw no longer is the scene of A, but fuzzy a slice.In order to see A in this case clearly, can install by this.According to the speed of rotating object P rotation, select this device of single channel type or 2 tunnel, 3 tunnel, 4 tunnel flashes of light, and corresponding work status switch on the single-chip microcomputer is set.Then ambient brightness is reduced, so that do not see A, B, positions such as C, D on the P more, place near A on P fixes magnetic pole M, P rotated a little A is on people's the observation place, again Hall type synchro switch 19 is shifted near M, make synchro switch conducting reliably under the effect of magnetic pole, be fixed in synchro switch 19 on the support afterwards or on other fixed objects.When A rotates with P, as A not during the observation place people, synchro switch will disconnect away from magnetic pole M, and this device can not glisten.When A goes to people's observation place with P, synchro switch 19 conducting under the effect of magnetic pole M, give single-chip microcomputer 18 inputs a low level control signal, single-chip microcomputer is immediately according to the situation that is provided with of operating state switch, enter the corresponding work program, after very fast computing, just give certain output output a low level trigger impulse, usually the computing of this working procedure is very fast, general tens microseconds or the hundreds of microsecond of only needing that is to say that single-chip microcomputer 18 just provides trigger impulse immediately after the control signal of receiving synchro switch 19.Under the effect of trigger impulse, the lumination of light emitting diode of photoelectricity driver, the light-controlled electronic switch conduction triggers the capacitor discharge, thus the position A that needs observation is illuminated in the flash of light of trigger flashing tube discharge, and people just see A clearly once like this.Later on each A is illuminated once with regard to repeating top process during through this observation place of people, people see A clearly once again again, because pleasing to the eye visual persistence effect, people will feel to have seen the static scene of A in this case, so just can see A clearly.

The front said that every flash of light once approximately needed 0.5 second the time interval to glisten once more.0.5 the rotary speed of the P of second flash period correspondence is:

P ₁=60 * 1/0.5=120 rev/min

When the rotary speed of P surpassed per minute 120 commentaries on classics, when particularly surpassing often, flash tube will have little time flash of light.In industrial production or in the daily life, all can run into rotating speed situation faster, at this moment just need to use this device of 2 tunnel, 3 road or 4 tunnel flashes of light.In the device of multichannel flash of light, single-chip microcomputer 18 for example allows flash tube 32 glisten when 2 tunnel flashes of light after the control signal of receiving synchro switch 19 for the first time, allow for the second time flash tube 31 glisten, after receiving the control signal of synchro switch 19 again, allow flash tube 32 glisten again, in turn circulation successively.Flash tube ground of also such flash tube circulates successively when 3 tunnel flashes of light, 4 tunnel flashes of light.In this case, the time interval of each flash tube still is more than 0.5 second, has guaranteed that it has enough recovery times, but repeatedly flash of light was arranged in 0.5 second.

Under 2 tunnel flash of light situations, the rotary speed of corresponding P is:

P ₂=2 * P ₁=240 rev/mins

Under 3 tunnel flash of light situations, the rotary speed of corresponding P is:

P ₃=3 * P ₁=360 rev/mins

Under 4 tunnel flash of light situations, the rotary speed of corresponding P is:

P ₄=4 * P ₁=480 rev/mins

When the rotary speed of P is higher, increase the way of flash tube again, will make the apparatus structure complexity, volume increases, and cost improves, and is not the developing direction of this device.At this moment, the method for availability interval flash of light, i.e. twice flash of light of synchro switch 19 every conductings once, even repeatedly glisten once method of synchro switch conducting.In other words, per twice or be illuminated once during repeatedly through the observation place of observed position, but because its speed is fast, people see is still an approximate static scene.

Be the principle and the course of work that example has been introduced this device above with the rotating object, as a same reason, for shuttle periodic motion, this device can use too.Owing in this device, use synchro switch to detect the observation place whether observed part passes through people, thereby to the periodic motion of less stable, promptly under unstable state periodic motion situation, also can see with this device being similar to static scene.

Single-chip microcomputer 19 plays synchronous triggering and pulsqe distributor here, working procedure is fairly simple, can use low-grade chips such as 89C2051 in the general MCS-51 series monolithic or P87LPC762, also can use other singlechip chips that can meet the demands.In Fig. 1, provided the method for attachment of single-chip microcomputer in this device, here remake detailed explanation: on some terminals of single-chip microcomputer, according to the singlechip technology performance demands, be connected to the necessary power supply of working, reset, device such as crystal oscillator; Be connected to operating state on three other inputs switch 81,82 and 83 is set, according to the connected mode of circuit, state is 0 during switch connection, is 1 during disconnection; Switch 81 has 0,1 two states like this, is designed to switch 81 control flash of light types on program, 81 be 0 o'clock be group flashing light, be 1 o'clock be flash of light at interval; Switch 82,83 has 00,01,10,11 4 kind of state, and being designed to 00 on program is 1 tunnel flash of light mode, and 01 is 2 tunnel flash of light modes, and 10 is 3 tunnel flash of light modes, and 11 is 4 tunnel flash of light modes; Another input of single-chip microcomputer is connected to synchro switch 19, and this input can be general input, also can be an external interrupt input, and setting it in the explanation of bottom is an interrupting input end; The output of single-chip microcomputer has used four, is connected to photoelectricity driver 71,72,73 and 74 respectively.

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of single-chip microcomputer working procedure in this device.Before energising work, should observe the speed of object of which movement and the quantity of flash of light way according to need, the operating state of this device is provided with switch 81,82 and 83 sets.Single-chip microcomputer is after energising, the oscillator starting oscillation, reset immediately, the address at article one program place is gone in redirect then, carry out initialization, the terminal that is connected to switch 81,82 and 83 exactly is set to input, is connected to 71,72,73 and 74 terminal and is set to output, enter working procedure afterwards, the state of switch 81 is read in register R ₁, the state of switch 82,83 is read in register R ₂, and clear 0 register R ₃After these program running, just wait for the interrupt signal on the interrupting input end that is connected to synchro switch 19.

When position that need are observed during through the observation place, synchro switch 19 is connected, and occurs a low level interrupt signal on the interrupting input end.After single-chip microcomputer connects this interrupt signal, with register R ₁With R ₃Subtract each other and the result is deposited what R ₄, judge R afterwards ₄Whether be 0.Because register R at this moment ₁In what deposit is flash of light type information 1 or 0, and register R ₃In be 0 at this moment.If R ₁Be that 0 expression is a group flashing light, subtracting each other the result still is 0 certainly, and single-chip microcomputer just changes the program of output control signal over to; If R ₁In what deposit is that 1 expression is at interval flash of light, subtracting each other the result and be 1 is not 0, at this moment single-chip microcomputer is then with register R ₃Add 1, and turn to continuation to wait for next interrupt signal.When another interrupted, the step above single-chip microcomputer repeats was once more with R ₁With R ₃Subtract each other, because R at this moment ₃Be rewritten as 1, so the result who subtracts each other will be 0, single-chip microcomputer just changes the program of output control signal over to, becomes the mode of flash of light at interval.

After changing the program of output control signal over to, at first single-chip microcomputer is with clear 0 register R ₃, prepare for receiving interrupt signal next time, simultaneously according to the status register R of switch 82,83 ₂Content, to the trigger impulse of an output output low level, make the light-emitting diode conducting flash of light in the optoelectronic switch, and then the flash of light of trigger flashing pipe.Register R ₂In what deposit is the state of switch 81,82, represented the mode of several roads flash of light originally, and at this moment, it represents the order of several roads flash of light again, 00 is the 1 the tunnel, 01 to be the 2 the tunnel, 10 to be the 3 the tunnel, 11 to be the 4 the tunnel.R for example ₂In what deposit is 10, then it both to have represented be 3 tunnel flash of light modes, and at this moment represent to the 3 road flash tube output trigger impulse.The output trigger impulse is through one section time-delay, and to guarantee that flash tube can reliably glisten, stopping transportation goes out then.Afterwards with register R ₂Subtract 1 and judge R ₂Whether less than 0 or equal 0.As being the single channel flash of light less than 0 explanation, then program just turns to the said working procedure in front, and another reads the state of switch 81,82 and 83, and beginning one is taken turns operation again.As be not less than or equal 0, explanation is the multichannel flash of light, then the said wait in procedure turn front is interrupted, the process above repeating.Interrupt signal is arranged again and move corresponding program and enter into output control signal program the time because R ₂Subtracted 1, the flash of light order of representative is different with last time, thereby will make another flash tube flash of light to another one lead-out terminal output trigger impulse.Such process repeats several times to R ₂Equal 0 after subtracting 1, illustrate that several flash tubes have all glistened once, program is turning operation program again just, and the state of reading switch 81,82 and 83 again begins new round work.

In sum, the utility model uses lock-out pulse flash of light principle, make can detect by an unaided eye certain part on the periodic motion object of people, owing in device, used multichannel flash of light, single-chip microcomputer and synchro switch again, make several roads flash tube can automatically take turns to glisten, like this, the speed of periodic motion object to comparatively fast, is stable state or unstable state from more slowly, this device can both adapt to, and this has further strengthened the practicality of this device again.

Claims (3)

1. the synchronous finder of stable state or unstable state periodic motion, use lock-out pulse formula flash of light principle, comprise by power transformer, rectification circuit, storage capacitor, trigger electric capacity, trigger transformer, the identical flasher circuit in several roads that xenon flash tube and respective element constitute, also comprise by single-chip microcomputer and the necessary element of single-chip microcomputer work, operating state is provided with switch, synchro switch, synchronous triggering and pulsqe distributor that the identical photoelectricity driver in several roads constitutes, it is characterized in that: be used to detect observed part and whether pass through the input that the synchro switch of people's observation place is connected to single-chip microcomputer, several roads photoelectricity driver is connected to respectively on several outputs of single-chip microcomputer; Light-controlled electronic switch in the photoelectricity driver is formed the discharge loop that triggers capacitor with the primary coil that triggers transformer, and the output trigger impulse makes the light-controlled electronic switch conduction when single-chip microcomputer is received the control signal of synchro switch, thereby trigger flashing tube discharge flash of light.

2. finder according to claim 1, its feature are that also the way of several roads photoelectricity driver is identical with the way of several roads flasher circuit, and the preferred value of its way is 1 the road to 4 the tunnel.

3. finder according to claim 1 and 2, its feature also is there is single channel, 2 tunnel in the single-chip microcomputer, the working procedure of 3 road and 4 tunnel flashes of light, and the group flashing light and the working procedure of flash of light at interval, which kind of program single-chip microcomputer works in is provided with switch by the operating state of single-chip microcomputer input and decides.

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