CN2389746Y - Arc sensor for detection of droplet transfer of arc welding - Google Patents
Arc sensor for detection of droplet transfer of arc welding Download PDFInfo
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- CN2389746Y CN2389746Y CN 99218747 CN99218747U CN2389746Y CN 2389746 Y CN2389746 Y CN 2389746Y CN 99218747 CN99218747 CN 99218747 CN 99218747 U CN99218747 U CN 99218747U CN 2389746 Y CN2389746 Y CN 2389746Y
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- arc
- control circuit
- automatic control
- transistor
- welding
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an arc sensor for detection of droplet transfer of arc welding. The utility model comprises a sensing probe head, a transmission wire and an automatic control circuit. A control wire is led from the base electrode of a photoelectric triode to a sensitivity automatic control circuit, and the base electrode of a succeeding transistor is connected with the emitting electrode of the photoelectric triode. Leading wires are connected with an output terminal of the automatic control circuit after the leading wires are connected with each other; then, the leading wires are connected with the emitting electrode of the succeeding transistor to form a closed return circuit. An output circuit is connected with a receiving circuit or a computer. The utility model has the advantages that the utility model has the spectral coverage sensitivity which can sufficiently reflect the behavior of an electric arc, the small volume and the firm structure are realized, the low cost and the easy maintenance are realized, the anti-electromagnetic interference ability is strong, the utility model is not influenced by the welding fume, the examination of the lighting intensity is wide, and the dynamic change range can be measured.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of sensor, and particularly a kind of arc-welding droplet transfer is detected arc photosensor.
In the gas metal-arc welding process, the droplet transfer is the key factor of influence process stability and final welding quality.For obtaining the stable droplet transfer, need detect the droplet transfer process exactly.Studies show that in a large number,, can detect the droplet transfer process reliably by detecting the arc optical signal in the welding process.Because transient process is a dynamic process that pace of change is higher, existing arc photosensor mainly uses two kinds of photoelectric cells that response speed is high: photomultiplier and semiconductor photocell.
Photomultiplier is highly sensitive, detection range is wide, has obtained result preferably when detecting the droplet transfer of GMAW.In the pulsed gas metal arc welding of steel, when molten drop comes off, occur one in the arc light radiation signal and significantly stay feature, same phenomenon also is present in the pulsed gas metal arc welding process of aluminium alloy.
The semiconductor photocell that uses at present is photodiode and transistor.This sensing technology can satisfy the needs that detect arc light variation and radiation variation in certain dynamic change scope, and has been applied in the droplet transfer measuring process.
The advantage that photomultiplier has is highly sensitive, detection range is wide has also obtained result preferably during droplet transfer in detecting the GMAW process.But there is more limitation in photomultiplier.Subject matter is that photomultiplier needs about 1000 volts high pressure, volume bigger and frangible, uses inconvenience.In addition, photomultiplier is subject to electromagnetic interference, and cost is higher relatively, poor practicability.
The light-sensitive element that adopts semiconductor photocell to do arc photosensor can overcome above these problems, therefore becomes the present actual main devices of using.From the angle of perfect sensing technology, also there is more problem in this method for sensing, and the dynamic change scope of the arc light intensity that this method that relatively outstanding is can normally receive is less.In use otherwise be completely cured and adjust the dim light degree of depth according to intensity variations.In addition and since the intensity of electric arc arc light head and shoulders above the range of receiving of semiconductor photocell, need take darker dim light measure, and the degree of depth of dim light is difficult to continuously, adjusts in real time.This has brought trouble for the manufacturing and the use of sensor.In addition, existing arc photosensor also rests on laboratory stage, and is bulky, lacks the means that overcome the actual welding mal-condition.
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of dependable performance, easy to use, cost is low, easy care is novel arc-welding droplet transfer and detects arc photosensor.
The purpose of this utility model realizes by following structure: the utility model is a kind of arc-welding droplet transfer to detect this novel sensor of arc photosensor, comprise sensing probe, transmission line and automatic control circuit, draw control line to the sensitivity automatic control circuit from the base stage of phototriode, follow-up transistorized base stage is connected with the emitter stage of phototriode, lead-in wire after the connection is connected with the output of automatic control circuit, and then connect and compose with follow-up transistorized emitter stage and to close and the loop, output circuit is connected with receiving circuit or computer.To solve the needs of research of arc welding arc light sensor and experimental applications.
Outstanding feature of the present utility model is to adopt phototriode replacement phototransistor and added novel sensitivity automatic control circuit, according to the operation principle of phototriode as can be known, the work of phototriode has two processes: the one, and opto-electronic conversion, the 2nd, photoelectric current amplifies.The photoelectric current transfer process is to carry out in collection-Ji interface, the optical excitation electron-hole pair, its electron stream is collected by colelctor electrode to collecting zone, and the hole flows to the base and is amplified by transistor as base current, the photoelectric current that collection-Ji knot produces is amplified β doubly by transistor 5, the colelctor electrode output current:
I
C＝I
Φβ＝S
1βE (1)
Wherein, S
1Be collection-Ji knot photoelectric current sensitivity S
1Be transistorized multiplication factor, E is an incident illumination.
The principle of automatic sensitivity control circuit is the variation with the incident degree, can suitably change sensitivity, thereby improves the dynamic change scope that can receive illumination.As shown in Figure 2, if connect a bypass in the base stage of phototriode, this bypass will split into I to the photoelectric current that collection-Ji interface produces
Bp, then as can be known according to formula (1)
I
C＝(I
Φ-I
bp)β (2)
In the process of this circuit of design, will make I
BpSame I
ΦSet up contact, I
Bp=K
bI
Φ, K
bFor coefficient of relationship also can be designed to constant or variable by the difference requirement, then formula (2) can be expressed as:
I
c＝(I
Φ-K
bI
Φ)β
By formula (3) as seen, variation has taken place, S in the sensitivity of phototriode behind the increase control loop
1＜S
1, the sensitivity after the change is less than original sensitivity, and can control by control loop.This brings many convenience for the design and use arc photosensor.
Utilize this control loop can improve the scope that receives the strong dynamic change of arc light significantly, by choosing the sensitivity that suitable control parameter reduces phototriode, can make its direct strong arc light of reception and have bigger responding range, and the dim light degree of depth can be regulated continuously.This dim light mode belongs to neutral dim light, can not produce with the installation filter disc and conflict.This in addition control circuit can be controlled the duty of phototriode easily, help computer control or with change (as the welding current) adjusted in concert of other parameter.Based on this principle, a series of practical arc photosensors have been designed, to satisfy various instructions for use.In the system, sensitivity is adjusted automatically and is finished by transistor as shown in the figure, and potentiometer is used for setting the duty of whole sensor.Signal outputs to follow-up receiving circuit or computer.In system, automatic sensitivity control is realized by the transistor of controller control.Controller is controlled the output current of welding machine simultaneously, can realize adjusting synchronously according to welding current the sensitivity of sensor like this, can further improve the quality of transducing signal.
In the sensing process of arc welding, there is multiple interference.Arc photosensor will be obtained desirable effect in welding process, must should have following performances:
1, the spectral coverage sensitivity that has the behavior of enough reflection electric arc.
2, volume is little, and is firm in structure, and cost is low, easy care.
3, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong, is not subjected to the influence of weld fumes.
4, the light intensity with broad detects the dynamic change scope.
5, applied range.
Through using proof for a long time, this practicability sensor performance is reliable, easy to use, cost is low, easy care.Adjust circuit by employed automatic sensitivity, need not use extra dim light or adjusting device just can in whole working range, use reliably.By structural design and jet protection, make sensor have the ability that abominable operating environment is welded in very strong opposing.Utilize this sensor can substitute in the past photomultiplier, photoelectric crystal tube sensor, various mode of metal transfers in the sensing welding process reliably, for the arc light waveform of short circuiting transfer form, its periodic arc light extinguishing process correspondence the overlap joint of molten drop with the molten bath.Drip a transition for the globular transfer under argon-rich gas shielded with penetrating, occur the Strength Changes of obvious periodic in the arc light radiation intensity signal.In each cycle, the arc light strength signal at first increases, and sharply reduces then.Along with the increase of metal drop transition rate, the frequency that this cycle changes is also improving.Exist too for this phenomenon in the pulsed gas metal arc welding process of aluminium under steel pulsed gas metal arc welding under argon-rich gas shielded and the straight argon protection.
The signal that adopted photomultiplier and phototransistor in the past and obtained is compared with them, and the quality of signals of utilizing this arc photosensor to obtain is higher.
Fig. 1 is the utility model circuit theory diagrams
Fig. 2 is the phototube circuit schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 1
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 2
Fig. 5 is a sensor probe structure installation diagram
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is further described.
Embodiment 1:
The utility model as shown in Figure 1 is a kind of arc-welding droplet transfer to detect this novel sensor of arc photosensor, comprise sensing probe 1, transmission line 2 and automatic control circuit 3, draw control line to sensitivity automatic control circuit 3 from the base stage 6 of phototriode, follow-up transistorized base stage is connected with the emitter stage of phototriode, lead-in wire after the connection is connected with the output of automatic control circuit, and then connect and compose with follow-up transistorized emitter stage and to close and the loop, output circuit 4 is connected with receiving circuit or computer.As shown in Figure 5; probe 1 is by internal layer shell 16; outer casing 18; drive end bearing bracket 15; rear end cap 20 and light-sensitive element retainer ring 19 are formed; suit internal layer shell 16 in the outer casing 18; fixing cover glass between drive end bearing bracket 15 and the internal layer shell 16; the pneumatic sensor rear end is positioned at the passage 17 on the probe internal layer shell; light-sensitive element is fixed in 22 places, hole; retainer ring 19 relies on end face 26 fixed light photosensitive elements; rear end cap 20 relies on its end face 29 positioning and fixing rings 19; inner and outer shell relies on the shaft shoulder 23 to locate mutually; the diameter of whole sensor probe is 15mm; probe relies on shielding line to be connected with rear portion control receiving circuit; use the current delivery mode; the characteristics of arc light sensor have determined that this sensor probe is nearer apart from electric arc; for preventing the influence to probe of weld fumes and hyperthermia radiation, sensing probe structurally is provided with jet defencive function, the protection gas of gas source in welding gun; throughput is very little, so electric arc is not had harmful effect.Described automatic control circuit 3 is: sensitivity is adjusted automatically and is finished by transistor 12, the base stage of transistor 12 is connected with the input of potentiometer 11, the output of potentiometer 11 is connected with the colelctor electrode of transistor 12, and the lead-in wire after the connection is connected with the base stage 6 of potentiometer 10, phototriode.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are exactly two kinds of comparatively typical utility systems.As shown in Figure 3, sensitivity is adjusted automatically and is finished by transistor 12, draws control line to sensitivity automatic control circuit 3 from the base stage 6 of phototriode, and some passes through the control circuit bypass photoelectric current that phototriode produces.Control circuit 3 is regulated the size of bypass light stream automatically according to current arc light intensity, thereby has changed the sensitivity of phototriode.Potentiometer 10 and 11 is used for setting the duty of whole sensor.The output of phototriode outputs to receiving circuit or computer by follow-up transistorized amplification back from 4.
Embodiment 2:
As shown in Figure 4, described automatic control circuit 3 is: the base stage of transistor 12 is connected with the input of controller, and the colelctor electrode of transistor 12 is connected with the base stage of phototriode 6, and the output of controller is electrically connected with the output of welding machine.
As shown in Figure 4, automatic sensitivity control is realized by the transistor 12 of controller 13 controls.Because the arc light intensity that different welding currents is corresponding different, electric current is big more, and arc light intensity is big more.Controller 13 can be controlled the size of transistor 12 from phototriode 5 bypass photoelectric currents by the voltage on control transistor 12 base stages, thus the sensitivity of control phototriode.Controller 13 is controlled the output current of welding machine 14 simultaneously, can realize adjusting synchronously according to welding current the sensitivity of sensor like this, can further improve the quality of transducing signal.Other structure of present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeats here.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of arc-welding droplet transfer is detected this novel sensor of arc photosensor, comprise sensing probe (1), transmission line (2) and automatic control circuit (3), it is characterized in that: draw control line to sensitivity automatic control circuit (3) from the base stage (6) of phototriode (5), follow-up transistorized base stage is connected with the emitter stage of phototriode (5), lead-in wire after the connection is connected with the output of automatic control circuit (3), and then connect and compose with follow-up transistorized emitter stage and to close and the loop, output circuit (4) is connected with receiving circuit or computer.
2; a kind of arc-welding droplet transfer according to claim 1 is detected this novel sensor of arc photosensor; it is characterized in that: probe (1) is by internal layer shell (16); outer casing (18); drive end bearing bracket (15); rear end cap (20) and light-sensitive element retainer ring (19) are formed; the interior suit of outer casing (18) internal layer shell (16); fixing cover glass between drive end bearing bracket (15) and the internal layer shell (16); the pneumatic sensor rear end is positioned at the passage (17) on the probe internal layer shell; light-sensitive element is fixed in hole (22) to be located; retainer ring (19) relies on end face (26) fixed light photosensitive elements; rear end cap (20) relies on its end face (29) positioning and fixing ring (19); inner and outer shell relies on the shaft shoulder (23) location mutually; the diameter of whole sensor probe is 15mm; probe relies on shielding line to be connected with rear portion control receiving circuit, uses the current delivery mode.。
3, a kind of arc-welding droplet transfer according to claim 1 and 2 is detected this novel sensor of arc photosensor, it is characterized in that: described automatic control circuit (3) is: sensitivity is adjusted automatically and is finished by transistor (12), the base stage of transistor (12) is connected with the input of potentiometer (11), the output of potentiometer (11) is connected with the colelctor electrode of transistor (12), and the lead-in wire after the connection is connected with the base stage (6) of potentiometer (10), phototriode (5).
4, a kind of arc-welding droplet transfer according to claim 1 and 2 is detected this novel sensor of arc photosensor, it is characterized in that: described automatic control circuit (3) is: the base stage of transistor (12) is connected with the input of controller, the colelctor electrode of transistor (12) is connected with the base stage (6) of phototriode (5), and the output of controller is electrically connected with the output of welding machine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99218747 CN2389746Y (en) | 1999-08-06 | 1999-08-06 | Arc sensor for detection of droplet transfer of arc welding |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99218747 CN2389746Y (en) | 1999-08-06 | 1999-08-06 | Arc sensor for detection of droplet transfer of arc welding |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2389746Y true CN2389746Y (en) | 2000-08-02 |
Family
ID=34009853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99218747 Expired - Fee Related CN2389746Y (en) | 1999-08-06 | 1999-08-06 | Arc sensor for detection of droplet transfer of arc welding |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2389746Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113977039A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林大学 | Pulse consumable electrode argon arc welding molten drop transition monitoring device and control method |
-
1999
- 1999-08-06 CN CN 99218747 patent/CN2389746Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113977039A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-28 | 吉林大学 | Pulse consumable electrode argon arc welding molten drop transition monitoring device and control method |
| CN113977039B (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-09-23 | 吉林大学 | Pulse consumable electrode argon arc welding molten drop transition monitoring device and control method |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |