CN2380798Y - Fire-tube internal-circulation fluidized-bed water-fire tube type boiler - Google Patents
Fire-tube internal-circulation fluidized-bed water-fire tube type boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN2380798Y CN2380798Y CN 99215125 CN99215125U CN2380798Y CN 2380798 Y CN2380798 Y CN 2380798Y CN 99215125 CN99215125 CN 99215125 CN 99215125 U CN99215125 U CN 99215125U CN 2380798 Y CN2380798 Y CN 2380798Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a fire-tube internal-circulation fluidized-bed water-fire tube type boiler. The boiler can separate and back feed fume and dust by a dust returning fire tube, and as a consequence, the utility model realize internal-circulation fluidized-bed combustion of the coal with 0-15 mm. The utility model has many advantages of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, and besides, the utility model self also has the advantages of simple structure, small size, light weight, low cost, few auxiliary machines, easy operation, high desulfurization percent, etc. The utility model can meet requirements of environment protection standards only by a dry type dust remover with high efficiency and external connection. When the utility model is installed, an original boiler house is not changed or changed little. The utility model is the replacing product of the horizontal coal-fired industrial boiler with small capacity and realizes decrease of coal consumption and complete elimination of coal smoke pollution.
Description
The utility model relates to Industrial Boiler Technology, especially a kind of fire tube ICFB that utilizes installing returning dust fire-cylinder formation uniqueness in drum, and realize efficient burning and efficient novel industrial boiler device from desulfurization.
China is first big country that world's coal-burned industrial boiler is produced and used, and annual coal-burned industrial boiler will discharge 8,000,000 tons of flue dust, more than 500 ten thousand tons of SO
2With 600,000,000 tons of CO
2Gas, and a large amount of NO
xDeng pernicious gas, be the main root of Chinese coal-smoke pollution, not only cause serious atmosphere pollution and acid rain harm, and Global Greenhouse Effect is had direct influence to China.This situation has caused concern both domestic and external, the Chinese government carries out the improvement of air pollution due to coal combustion energetically, Global Environment Facility's meeting in the world (GEF) is also subsidized, set up the efficient Industrial Boiler project of GEF China, carry out by specialties management organization, ending to calendar year 2001 end, is that Chinese coal-burned industrial boiler is released the new and effective regeneration product that meets the ball guaranteed request with 6 years.The efficient Industrial Boiler project development target of GEF China is to improve boiler efficiency, reduces CO on this basis
2And SO
2The discharge capacity of gas and flue dust, the substance of project are to adopt the new and effective boiler type of furnace.But, the focus technology of the efficient Industrial Boiler of GEF China, for capacity is the boiler of 1～20t/h, be to improve the design and fabrication technology of the various fire grates of existing usefulness, for cogeneration of heat and power with steam boiler and big capacity hot-water boiler, be to introduce external ripe spreader feeder and large-scale traveling-grate stoker technology, also introduce Combustion technology of circulating fluidized simultaneously.This shows that the efficient Industrial Boiler project of GEF China mainly is that existing combustion method of Chinese Industrial Boiler and equipment are transformed raising, makes its design and manufacturing reach so-called " exquisiteness " degree, and does not belong to the content of innovation fully.This meliorative raising, be difficult to obtain big effect, in its Performance Evaluation standard, boiler efficiency is only brought up to about 80% from 70%, the backward state generation essence of Chinese industrial boiler is changed, also just be difficult to satisfy an urgent demand that big degree reduces coal consumption and air pollution damage.The low capacity Industrial Boiler also adopts recirculating fluidized bed to be only to reach the thorough improvement of high request, because recirculating fluidized bed is current state-of-the-art coal combustion technology, adapt to wide, high, the flammable colm of efficiency of combustion and sulphur coal, combustion process direct desulfurization and NO but have coal
xAdvantages such as growing amount is few, these advantages be from index, have up to the limit, what have then has technology potentiality near the limit.The efficient Industrial Boiler project of GEF China does not stipulate that the low capacity Industrial Boiler adopts Combustion technology of circulating fluidized.The low capacity Industrial Boiler is transformed with Combustion technology of circulating fluidized, high starting point, and the target height, all significant to domestic and international Industrial Boiler, answer active adoption.See that in conjunction with China's concrete condition the low capacity Industrial Boiler adopts recirculating fluidized bed must satisfy following requirement:
1, boiler body profile and size do not have big variation, are convenient to change new for old seldom changing under original boiler room condition.
2, structure of boiler body is simple, cost is low, long service life, makes most applying units not feel difficulty to the required expense of changing new for old, glad renovating.
3, boiler accessory machinery does not have big variation because satisfying environmental protection (desulfurization and dedusting) high request, guarantees to realize with low investment the transformation of whole cooker furnace system.
4, working condition and operation are still simple, do not increase difficulty and the requirement of high-tech level.
The economy and the practicality of novel industrial boiler stipulated in these 4 requirements, be can popularization and application the basis.Satisfy listed 4 requirements, should adopt ICFB.About ICFB, for reducing purposes such as investment and operating cost, domesticly had several inventions, be typically SHF10-13-S (W) the type boiler of Tsing-Hua University's development in 1986, this boiler Demonstration Application is functional, but the general form of fluid bed still is a vertical structure, and this point has determined this invention to use on big capacity Industrial Boiler, then can't use the low capacity horizontal industrial boiler below the 10t/h.This problem is still unresolved up at present.
The following low capacity horizontal industrial of 10t/h boiler accounts for more than 80% in the industrial boilers in China total amount, and their amounts of being are big, wide, point is many, independent throughout the country production run, and can unit realize that coal-saving pollution-reducing is directly connected to total effect that Industrial Boiler is administered.Therefore, must create new ICFB coal combustion process to the following low capacity horizontal industrial of 10t/h boiler, make it the transformation that is used for every boiler under aforementioned 4 requirement conditions meeting, reach efficiency of combustion＞95%, boiler thermal output＞85%, boiler is from desulfurization degree＞80%.New ICFB coal combustion process is used on big capacity Industrial Boiler, because condition is favourable, performance indications can more have raising.Like this, the macroscopic view harm that the coal-smoke pollution of Industrial Boiler colony causes will thoroughly be administered thus.For reaching this purpose, the utility model spy has invented fiery tube ICFB fire tube boiler.
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the structural representation of used convection heating surface.In Fig. 1, the 1st, bubbling bed, the 2nd, dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed, the 3rd, drum, the 4th, water-cooling wall, the 5th, header, the 6th, steam superheater, the 7th, convection heating surface, the 8th, economizer, the 9th, air heat exchanger, the 10th, returning dust fire-cylinder, the 11st, eddy flow, the 12nd, advance mouth, the 13rd, return the dirt mouth, the 14th, sealing gland pipe, the 15th, smoke pipe, the 16th, firing machine, the 17th, air distribution plate, the 18th, bellows, the 19th, secondary air channel, the 20th, compact spiral charger, the 21st, slag-drip opening, the 22nd, grey pit, the 23rd, tube for removing ash, the 24th, smoke exhaust pipe.In Fig. 2, the 25th, through type eddy flow sleeve pipe, the 26th, central tube, the 27th, outer tube, the 28th, lattice plate.
Bubbling bed 1 structure is identical with common ebullated bed, but the cross section is a strip, air distribution plate 17 is by preceding (coal end) (deslagging end) slightly tilt (inclination angle＜5 °) backward, being convenient to the bed material moves, the coal charge of 0～15mm adds in the bed through firing machine 16, is fluidized state immediately under blasting action, moves backward while burning, finally become lime-ash and fall into lime-ash dirt 22 water, discharge by mucking machine commonly used again through slag-drip opening 21.One time wind is sent into bubbling bed 1 by bellows 18, and bellows 18 are divided into three sections along its length, controls the flow and the humidification amount of air respectively, makes bed have good fluidized state and maintenance temperature to be no more than 900 ℃, prevents to produce the lime-ash bonding.Bubbling bed 1 usefulness castable refractory gives clamp dog and builds by laying bricks or stones, and about 1 meter of the height of bed is not provided with pipe laying.Bubbling bed 1 upper end is communicated with dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2, and the burning gases that bubbling bed 1 produces carry the carbon containing dust and directly enter dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2, in wherein burning away.Dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 sections are rectangle, length is identical with bubbling bed 1, width has increase because of drum born of the same parents bed 1 to the expansion of two sides, about highly about 3m, preceding headwall has manhole with refractory material and heat-barrier material lay, establishes water-cooling wall 4 in back headwall and two side walls, the external application heat-barrier material, the water pipe of water-cooling wall 4 is communicated with drum 3 through header.Drum 3 is erected at dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 tops, makes dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 become not the confined space that directly communicates with the outside, and burning gases need to flow out through the mouth 12 that advances of returning dust fire-cylinder 10.In dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2, being contained in secondary air channel 19 on the front wall sprays into strong eddy flow and is carrying desulfurizing agent fine powder (＜2mm) auxiliary air, the collision that mixes of this eddy flow and the burning gases fierceness that flows into from bubbling bed 1, the second-time burning and the desulphurization reaction of carbon granules and fuel gas take place, with flowing into returning dust fire-cylinder 10 after advance mouth 12.Returning dust fire-cylinder 10 is horizontal cylinders, there is one section diameter of mouth 12 into bigger, the termination sealing, there is the one section diameter that returns dirt mouth 13 less, termination openings and stretch out by the end of drum 3, be used to discharge flue gas, have slit returning on the dirt mouth 13 scope inner tube walls, be used to discharge the coarse dust of adherent rotation.Eddy flow 11 is equipped with in middle place from the coarse to fine in returning dust fire-cylinder 10.In the leading portion of returning dust fire-cylinder 10, flue gas is proceeded burning and desulphurization reaction in confusion flows, then flue gas enters the back segment of returning dust fire-cylinder 10 by eddy flow 11, become orderly rotational flow, under centrifugal action, approximately greater than the carbon containing coal ash particle of 30 μ m and desulfurizing agent particle to the enrichment of barrel place, and separate with primary air returning the slit of dirt mouth 13 places on barrel, reenter dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 by returning dirt mouth 13, burn once more and desulfurization, particle also continues cracked attenuating.Under returning dust fire-cylinder's 10 effects, so through repeatedly circulation, grey particle attenuates and no longer contains unburned carbon, and desulfurizing agent overwhelming majority under the excess oxygen condition changes into fine CaSO
4Particle.Through returning dust fire-cylinder's 10 outflows is to carry duff ash and CaSO
4Particle also obtains the flue gas of completing combustion, and under the air-introduced machine effect, flue gas is by behind the steam superheater 6, and turnover is by smoke pipe 15, again convection heating surface 7, economizer 8 and the air heat exchanger 9 by afterbody vertically downward.Carry out sealing gland with sealing gland pipe 14 ejection air returning dirt mouth 13 places, prevent that gas flows out through returning 13 short circuits of dirt mouth in the dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2, the air of ejection plays the aftercombustion effect simultaneously in dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2, and dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 temperature are controlled to be about 900 ℃.In dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2, the desulfurizing agent powder is controlled additions with compact spiral charger 20, and directly sends in the secondary wind eddy flow.Vary in size according to boiler capacity, returning dust fire-cylinder 10 can be the monotubular or the bitubular, and secondary air channel 19 then is two-tube or 4 pipes, makes eddy flow become the symmetry rotation, is full of the whole section of dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 as far as possible.Have dust stratification in the steam superheater installation place, can dash through tube for removing ash 23 timing waters and put.Comprised all component parts of boiler among Fig. 1, reality can determine whether steam superheater 6, economizer 8 and air heat exchanger 9 on demand, and when convection heating surface 7 was big, economizer 8 and air heat exchanger 9 were extensible, join as independent sector and boiler body.In above-mentioned inner cyclic process, returning dust fire-cylinder 10 not only plays the effect of circulation foldback to corase particles, and is to burn and the significant points of desulphurization reaction, and this point and external circulation fluidized bed are completely different.Fire tube ICFB is to be the ciculation fluidized course of reaction of center formation with returning dust fire-cylinder 10, the characteristics that returning dust fire-cylinder 10 plays a role are: 1. partial combustion and desulphurization reaction are compressed in self minimum cavity and carry out, the raising of especially big degree reactive material concentration, accelerated reaction speed, burn the degree height, desulfuration efficiency is also high; 2. because the strong rotational flow of ash-laden gas has and the different augmentation of heat transfer effect of fire tube in the past, can replace very most of convection heating surface in drum.So the application of returning dust fire-cylinder 10 is the basic assurance that the low capacity horizontal boiler successfully adopts ICFB, be basic inventive point of the present utility model.Flue gas is two strokes in the drum 3, and the smoke pipe 15 usefulness diameters of backhaul are greater than the steel pipe manufacturing of 100mm, and the same with returning dust fire-cylinder 10, there is expansion joint the centre, prevents expanded and welded tube joint seam cracking.Owing to be fire tube boiler, the effect of smoke pipe 15 mainly is to organize the flue gas backhaul to flow, rather than guarantees to realize boiler parameter, thus needn't be meticulous overstocked, thus can eliminate smoke pipe fouling shortcomings such as easy cleaning and metal consumption be not big.Though the abrasive action of exhaust gas dust is born by returning dust fire-cylinder, the protection of water in the drum 3 is arranged, temperature is not high, selects wearability steel plate making preferably for use, or heat spray nickel-base antiwear layer, just can be arranged long service life.Advance mouth 12 and anti-dirt mouth 13, integrally welded around mouthful end with the barrel of drum 3.Convection heating surface 7 is the tube bundles that are made of many through type eddy flow sleeve pipes 25, every through type eddy flow sleeve pipe 25 is made up of central tube 26 and outer tube 27, central tube 26 2 ends and last lower collecting box join becomes the tedge of water circulation, central tube 26 outer walls are welded with helical fin, insert and form spiral groove channel in the outer tube 27, outer tube 27 2 end openings and dative plate 28 weld mutually, force flue gas to pass through spiral groove channel from the top down, make single pass rotational flow, play augmentation of heat transfer and reduce the drag losses effect.
The present invention totally has the following advantages:
1. highly little, the ICFB combustion technology that made low capacity horizontal industrial boiler applications, and profile and size do not have big variation.
Low capacity horizontal industrial boiler had coal adapt to wide, efficiency of combustion is high, the thermal efficiency is high, from characteristics such as desulfurization degree height, can realize efficiency of combustion＞95%, the requirement of the thermal efficiency＞85% and desulfurization degree＞80%.
3. adopt fire tube, smoke pipe and water pipe heating simultaneously, and version is simpler than existing Industrial Boiler, makes easily and installs, price is low, and mounting cost is few.
4. can be flexibly and simple installing superheater, convection heating surface, economizer and air heat exchanger, satisfy the instructions for use under different capabilities and the different condition.
5. owing to,, needn't adorn flue gas desulfurization device outward again by general requirement from desulfurization degree＞80%, only need flue gas to be carried out dry method dust, can satisfy environmental requirement, water saving, economize on electricity with high-efficiency dust remover, exceeding increases the production operation content, and subsidiary engine quantity is few, and system's investment is low.
The explanation of these advantages, the present invention has excellent economy and practicality, as the regeneration product of existing coal-burned industrial boiler, can satisfy economize on coal and environmental protection high request prerequisite under be used widely.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of fire tube ICFB fire tube boiler, it is characterized in that this boiler is the coal-fired system of setting up of ICFB in a little space of horizontal cuboid, along highly distributing, hypomere is a bubbling bed 1, the centre is a dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2, the top is a drum 3, returning dust fire-cylinder 10 is housed in drum 3, formation is the fire tube ICFB at center with returning dust fire-cylinder 10, to this suitable configuration smoke pipe 15 and water-cooling wall 4, bubbling bed 1 is a cuboid to the expansion of two sides, giving clamp dog with pouring material builds by laying bricks or stones, air distribution plate 17 and bellows 18 are housed, the coal end is equipped with firing machine 16, the other end has slag-drip opening 21, bubbling bed 1 and top dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 direct UNICOMs, headwall fire-resistant heat insulating material lay before the dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2, the compact spiral charger 20 of secondary air channel 19 and adding desulfurizing agent powder is housed on it, the back headwall of dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 and two side wall inboards are water-cooling walls 4 that the heating pipe of boiler water cycle system forms, heat-barrier material is laid in the outside, drum 3 inside are equipped with returning dust fire-cylinder 10 and smoke pipe 15, constitute two stroke structures of flue gas, returning dust fire-cylinder's 10 two ports dilute-phase leanphase fluidized bed 2 and are had into mouth 12 and return dirt mouth 13, around returning dirt mouth 13 sealing gland pipe 14 is housed, drum 3 front ends are at flue gas turning point installing steam superheater 6, convection heating surface 7 is installed vertically downward successively in flue gas outflow place in the rear end, economizer 8 and air heat exchanger 9, bottom then are grey pits 22.
2, according to the described fire tube of claim 1 ICFB fire tube boiler, it is characterized in that returning dust fire-cylinder 10 is round steel pipes of end sealing, other end opening, eddy flow 11 is equipped with in the centre, blind end has into mouth 12, have the external dirt mouth 13 that returns of a slit on the openend sidewall, return dirt mouth 13 sealing gland pipe 14 is housed all around.
3, according to the described fire tube of claim 1 ICFB fire tube boiler, it is characterized in that convection heating surface 7 is the tube bundle structures that are made of many through type eddy flow sleeve pipes 25, the central tube 26 that through type eddy flow sleeve pipe 25 is welded with helical fin by the outside inserts in the outer tube 27 of two end openings and constitutes, central tube 26 and last lower collecting box welding, outer tube 27 2 end dative plates 28 weld mutually.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99215125 CN2380798Y (en) | 1999-06-16 | 1999-06-16 | Fire-tube internal-circulation fluidized-bed water-fire tube type boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99215125 CN2380798Y (en) | 1999-06-16 | 1999-06-16 | Fire-tube internal-circulation fluidized-bed water-fire tube type boiler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2380798Y true CN2380798Y (en) | 2000-05-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99215125 Expired - Fee Related CN2380798Y (en) | 1999-06-16 | 1999-06-16 | Fire-tube internal-circulation fluidized-bed water-fire tube type boiler |
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| CN (1) | CN2380798Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100523606C (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2009-08-05 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Boiler furnace of circulating fluidized bed with water-cooled column |
-
1999
- 1999-06-16 CN CN 99215125 patent/CN2380798Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100523606C (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2009-08-05 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Boiler furnace of circulating fluidized bed with water-cooled column |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |