CN2375766Y - Phonoscope - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a microphone for receiving sound waves on an 'echometer' namely a depth measuring device for liquid levels in petroleum and natural gas wells. The microphone is composed of a filter (1), a gas inlet valve (2), a gas outlet valve (3), an inner shell (4), a piezoelectric ceramics sheet (5), a protective layer (6) a leading wire (7) and an outer shell (8). The actions of buffering, filtering and heat absorbing of the filter (1) relieve impact, corrosion and firing of high-temperature high-pressure gas on the gas valves (2), (3), and also avoid blockage of granular materials. Thus, the microphone is suitable for wellhead devices taking low-temperature high-pressure gas as sound sources, and wellhead devices taking gunpowder sound bombs as the sound sources. The service life of the microphone is also extended.

Description

Microphone

The utility model discloses a kind of microphone, belong to the acoustic receiver of oil (gas) well level measurement mechanism " echometer ".

The receiver that leans on " echometer " of acoustic reflection depth measurement is the ultralow frequency acoustic receiver of a similar microphone.Because condition of work harshness, be not only required in high sensitivity and anti-clutter interference performance are arranged in several hertz to the tens hertz scopes and have can zero under the environment of the wide air pressure of tens MPas reliably working, and can bear the ability that instantaneous strong gas pressure impacts, also require it to have the ability of anti-multiple strong corrosive medium corrosion contamination.Microphone is generally made by piezoceramic material.The piezoelectric ceramics body surface area is big, thin thickness, and sensitivity is just high, and pressure-bearing and impact resistance are just low.Otherwise sensitivity is low, and pressure-bearing and impact resistance are just high.Certainly also relevant with the anticorrosive coat on surface with microphonic concrete structure.In the prior art, mainly contain following several: 1, cylinder type.It is sealing the microphone of wrapping up in a kind of totally enclosed hollow core structures that forms with colloid again after the above thick cylinder type piezoelectric ceramic body two ends shutoff of 2mm.It has higher mechanical strength, and pressure-bearing is relative with impact resistance higher, and sensitivity is lower.Simultaneously its inside is enclosure space, can not carry out gas with the external world and exchange, and limits so the pressure-bearing and the shock proof limit are thickness by the tubular piezoelectric ceramic body, can not be very high.Its another one shortcoming is that volume is bigger.2, valve type.It is that the thin type piezoelectric ceramics sheet that has metal substrate is had with glue sealing label on the housing of pit, formed space two-way pressure limiting valve and the extraneous UNICOM that constitutes by inlet valve and exhaust valve, and energy autobalance inner and outer air pressure is poor.Working environment air pressure height no matter, its draught head always is limited in the scope of extremely low (that is the pressure that opens the door of pressure limiting valve), can be as the cylinder type microphone, make the piezoelectric ceramic piece single face bear hyperbar, not fragile, and sensitive to the acoustic signals reaction.So its bearing capacity and sensitivity are all high than cylinder type.But abominable because of environment for use, the high temperature that pollutes corrosion and gunpowder sound bullet burns and all can make valve malfunctioning, causes the acoustic signals short circuit, can't test.The general wellhead assembly of making sound source with low temperature high pressure gas that only is applicable to.3, damping cast.This programme is 2118815 Chinese patent " microphony receiver " referring to notification number.It and air gate type microphone are basic identical, just inlet valve and exhaust valve are replaced with an air damping, make the air pressure of variation or acoustic signals after affacting the piezoelectric ceramic piece outside again the delay through certain hour just can enter the inside that affacts piezoelectric ceramic piece in the cavity.Thereby reach the purpose that can make inside and outside air pressure balance can make piezoelectric ceramic piece response acoustic signals again.So it is close with the air gate type microphone performance, structure is simpler.But because of damper tube is not only thin but also long, easily stop up piezoelectric ceramic piece is damaged, and acoustic signals can affact the inside of piezoelectric ceramics eventually through delaying time after, the acoustic signals of the firm arrival that can receive the outside produces and disturbs, so the signal waveform of exporting is bad.4, another kind of microphone sees the Chinese patent that publication number is CN1179500A " a kind of microphone ".Its structure is basic identical with " valve type " and " damping cast ", is a kind of " gas box structure ".It is directly to process suitable hole on flexible gas box, thereby replaces valve or damper tube.Advantage is simple in structure, and pressure-bearing and strong shock resistance are highly sensitive, good output waveform.But facts have proved that its shortcoming also is significant, that is, because the corrosiveness gas box of high temperature, low temperature and multiple gases, liquid, solid valency matter is very easily aging, lose flexibility and elasticity, thereby the hole on the gas box is often opened, can't be kept the equilibrium state of closing relatively, so microphone damage easy to failure.

The utility model is a kind of bearing capacity height, strong shock resistance will be provided, especially can bear the TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE that the blast of gunpowder sound bullet produced and the microphone of strong shock wave.

To achieve these goals, the utility model improves valve type microphone of the prior art.Because of the air gate type microphone has the advantages that bearing capacity is strong, highly sensitive, waveform is good, its weak point is, the high-temperature gas corrosive power that the especially anti-gunpowder sound bullet explosion time of valve antipollution corrosion produces is poor, so be only applicable to do on the wellhead assembly of sound source with low temperature high pressure gas (as: nitrogen, carbon dioxide gas).The utility model has increased the strainer with buffering and cooling effect and has formed on air gate type microphone basis.Its principle is to allow high-temperature gas and the interior gas of pit shaft remake by strainer earlier use on the valve; by the micropore filtering part pernicious gas on the strainer and solid impurity and reduction gas temperature; thereby reach the purpose of protection valve, make it on the gas sonic source device, to use also and can use at the gunpowder sonic source device.

The utility model has kept the microphonic basic structure of air gate type, therefore except that having microphonic all advantages of air gate type, the most outstanding characteristics are that the impact of high temperature resistance gas is burnt with corrosion resistance strong, microphone can be applicable to gunpowder sound bullet do on the wellhead assembly of sound source, and the microphonic life-span is prolonged.

Accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 2 are according to the microphonic exemplary embodiments structure diagram that the utility model proposes.For easy, accompanying drawing 2 has been done simplification.

Be described further below in conjunction with embodiment.

The utility model is disclosed to be that a kind of the measurement on the petroleum and natural gas well level " echometer " with the acoustic reflection principle made the microphone that the sound wave receiver is used.Mainly constitute by strainer (1), inlet valve (2), exhaust valve (3), inner casing (4), piezoelectric ceramic piece (5), protective coating (6), lead-in wire (7) and shell (8).By accompanying drawing 2 as can be seen, structure shown in the accompanying drawing 1 is done distortion slightly can constitute double piezoelectric ceramic sheet microphone, help to improve sensitivity, strainer (1) also can be sealed valve (2), (3) and piezoelectric ceramic piece (5) integral body simultaneously, becomes another embodiment.No matter any fluctuation gas in any scheme, high temperature and high pressure gas and pit shaft, all process strainer (1) just can affact on the valve or also comprise on the piezoelectric ceramic piece (5) earlier.Because strainer (1) has stronger filtration buffering and heat-absorbing action, thereby make the gas that arrives the valve place that suitable decompression be arranged, and reduction temperature, filtering is solid particulate substance and some corrosive substance wherein, valve has been avoided high temperature to burn with the granular solids thing stopping up, also mitigate corrosion has prolonged the microphonic life-span greatly.Strainer wherein (1) is the protective device of being made by the shock resistance with certain intensity and heat resistance preferred metal or nonmetals that has microcellular structure.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of microphone; be that the petroleum and natural gas well level is measured the echo receiver of going up use with " echometer "; be made of strainer (1), inlet valve (2), exhaust valve (3), inner casing (4), piezoelectric ceramic piece (5), protective coating (6), lead-in wire (7) and shell (8), it is characterized in that: strainer (1) covers on the outside of inlet valve (2) and exhaust valve (3) or covers on the outside of the microphone main body that is made of inlet valve (2), exhaust valve (3), inner casing (4), piezoelectric ceramic piece (5) etc.

2, microphone as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described strainer (1) is by having certain intensity, the protective device that microcellular structure is arranged that shock resistance and heat resistance preferred metal or nonmetals are made.

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