CN2369213Y

CN2369213Y - Self recording calliper

Info

Publication number: CN2369213Y
Application number: CN 99222885
Authority: CN
Inventors: 柳盘山; 高敬武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-02-11
Filing date: 1999-02-11
Publication date: 2000-03-15
Anticipated expiration: 2009-02-11

Abstract

The utility model relates to a self recording caliper rule, which comprises a caliber rule body provided with an insertion/withdraw type IC card read-writer, a photoelectric collecting device, and a pair of movable compasses, wherein, a pair of collapsible fixed compasses is hinged on the caliber rule body. The utility model achieves the integration of optoelectronic collection, IC card storage, data transmission and statistical summary, thoroughly alters the traditional methods of measuring trees in the tally work of forest inventory, can raise the work efficiency for more than 40% with fast measuring speed and high precision, and can be widely used in the repeatable operation work of measuring diameters.

Description

From the record slide calliper rule

The utility model relates to a kind of survey instrument.

At present, carry out that forest survey will be measured the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of standing tree, dipping, account, table look-up, work such as statistics, form, these work for many years are to finish by gloomy mediator person is manual always, loaded down with trivial details and uninteresting, speed is slow, the personnel that need are also many.In order to address this problem, people have done multiple effort, disclose a key name for No. 92234699 as Chinese patent and be called " trunk diameter rapidly measuring device-folding angle square " technology, introduced and a kind ofly linked together by rotating shaft by rule and chi frid, can free folding also be connected with the Ding Jiao hole to determine the angle square angle with the dibit pin, improve its degree of stability, on the rule micro computer can be installed, automatically the numerical value that shows trunk diameter, and do storage and handle the trunk diameter data of surveying, use this device can make the measurement simple and convenient to a certain extent, but the data accuracy that records is not high, and automaticity is not high yet.

Task of the present utility model is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, design and a kind ofly can convert the length amount to digital signal, be convenient to the slide calliper rule of record certainly of computer acquisition, processing, output, storage or unloading.

Task of the present utility model realizes as follows: it has a slide calliper rule main body to write down slide calliper rule certainly, one end has handle, be fixed with an end of IC-card read write line, photoelectricity harvester, movable rule on the slide calliper rule main body, be hinged with collapsible fixed gange on the slide calliper rule main body.

The utility model is owing to realized that photoelectricity collection, IC-card storage, data transmission, statistical summaries are integrated, thoroughly reformed traditional tree survey method of the every wooden dipping work of forest survey, can increase work efficiency more than 40%, also have simple in structure simultaneously, with low cost, measuring speed is fast, the accuracy advantages of higher.

Fig. 1 is the utility model front view;

Fig. 2 is the diameter measurement geometric graph;

Fig. 3 is for advising view from writing down the slide calliper rule activity;

Fig. 4 is for writing down slide calliper rule photoelectricity part synoptic diagram certainly;

Fig. 5 is for writing down slide calliper rule recording section synoptic diagram certainly;

Fig. 6 is the electronic circuit schematic diagram.

A most preferred embodiment of the present utility model, as figure, it has a slide calliper rule main body 6 from the record slide calliper rule, be fixed with handle on it, be fixed with IC-card read write line 2 on the slide calliper rule main body, photoelectricity harvester 3, one end of movable rule 4, be hinged with fixed gange 5 on the slide calliper rule main body, handle 1 should be short as far as possible, can be designed to singlehanded four according to the bodily fuctions and refer to the horizontal shape of holding, movable rule 4 are designed to and can merge, rugosity should design jump ring, so that open at any time or close near each amounts to axle, top on activity rule can be provided with the adjusting bolt, and its effect is the error according to different tested wooden integumentary pattern correcting measurings.Collapsible fixed gange amount to the axle near design jump ring 7 is arranged.Principle of work from the record slide calliper rule is: the vary in diameter of measured tree makes movable rule produce certain displacement and cut infrared ray,, is formed digital signal at last and records on the IC-card the number of times conversion surface electric signal that passes light slit by infrared receiver.Just:

The diameter measurement geometric graph of this measuring system as shown in Figure 2, wherein AX, AY are fixed gange, AB is movable rule, ∠ YAX=90 °, the measurement center of circle is O, radius is that R (the unknown) diameter of a circle 2R can obtain by AB (known):

R＝BO＝AO-AB

AO＝1.414R

1.414R-R＝AB

2R＝4.831AB

The variation and the vary in diameter of movable rule are linear, and the trees diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground is measured the method that adopts record footpath level at present, change at 0-100cm according to tree diameters, and the actual activity scope of movable rule should be: AB=0.414R=0.414 * 50cm=20.7cm.On certain section of activity rule, can indicate 50 scales, as shown in Figure 3, opening length from the activity rule high scale sign place of record slide calliper rule every 3.34mm is 0, the slit of 8mm, and the logo area length overall just in time is 207mm, as shown in Figure 2, measure diameter 100cm with interior trees, the length variations scope of movable rule is 20.7cm, the longest 50cm that can be of fixed gange, if fixed gange is designed to collapsible, the length when writing down slide calliper rule and carry finally can design in 30cm so.From the electro-optical system that writes down slide calliper rule as shown in Figure 2, distance is 4mm between luminotron and the receiving tube, the degree of depth of movable rule light slit is 1.5mm, light slit be spaced apart 3.34mm, width is 0.8mm, and totally 50 light slits are suitably regulated the position of the voltage and the receiving tube of luminotron, can avoid the influence of infrared reflection, scattering, diffraction, refraction, thereby can make photoelectric tube receive stable light signal at interval.

Movable rule (the light slit part is arranged) are moved between two photoelectric tubes continuously, move a light slit position when whenever, and the level at receiving tube two ends will change once, and the variation of this level can be obtained by sample circuit.

Existing from the sample that writes down slide calliper rule, photoelectricity part is the moving direction of consideration activity rule not as yet, can realize by two kinds of approach during practical application, the one, refill a same receiving tube on the next door of receiving tube, two receiving tubes receive the infrared ray pass same light slit, but advise the order difference that two receiving tubes successively receive when mobile in activity; The 2nd, the wall of light slit is designed to the inclined-plane, when movable rule are moved with different directions, the infra-red intensity that receiving tube received changes different, infrared ray by light slit when moving as positive dirction is by dying down by force, change from weak to strong when mobile in the other direction, thereby the level that makes receiving tube also is in by the state that dies down by force or change from weak to strong, and the level sampling metapedes that changes is advised the variation in displacement to reflect activity.

Writing down this electro-optical system of employing on the slide calliper rule certainly, though precision is very low, it is feasible being used in the tree diameters measurement.The sort circuit cost is low, stability is high, and no device is found everywhere, and particulars are referring to appendix two.

1, electronic circuit system

Electronic circuit system comprises level shifting circuit, sample circuit, integer circuit, adjusts circuit, supervisory circuit and D/A converting circuit.Above circuit generally all has the chip of shaping, thereby can design on a circuit board.

The level variation that electro-optical system takes place is converted to waveform signal by level shifting circuit, sample circuit can take out signal or the tired signal that subtracts that expression adds up as required, sort signal becomes pulse signal after the shaping circuit shaping, this signal can carry out interrupt request to CPU by D/A converting circuit.Skew when adjusting the conversion of circuit scalable and correction signal; Supervisory circuit is in time to check each circuit working state and each semaphore.The digital signal that continuous interrupt request forms is convenient to that register system shows and record.

The partial circuit of native system utilizes the available circuit transformation of the way, if consider power saving and easy to carry, will strengthen the integrated of this circuit board, and peripheral discrete component and cross-over connection signal wire are used in dipstick metering less.

2, register system

Register system also can be described as the IC-card read-write system, and it is the product that software and hardware combines, at present the IC-card read-write equipment is of a great variety, has directly to link to each other with computing machine on the desktop, also has portable.Read-write system from the record slide calliper rule is developed with reference to the circuit of tax reporter; Consider open-air operating condition, except that the function that existing IC-card read-write system is had, done test of many times at aspects such as power consumption, ultralow temperature, waterproof, protection against the tide, anticollisions again.

From record slide calliper rule register system theory diagram

In the development process of register system, can revise at any time, error correction is a difficult point always, when testing in advance, can not page turning revises, even remember wrongly, revises after also will waiting whole notes intact again, uses very inconvenient.We have done a large amount of tests and adjustment with the relevant expert to this, not only solved this problem at last, also original program (assembly language) are added some Stochastic Modulation nodes, so that insert the microcomputer adjustment from now on as required at any time.If register system will be designed to multi-functional plug-in from now on, we can change circuit and software at random, will the time kind, voice, numeral, volume of timber formula etc. pack into.These technology are very ripe in fact, just seldom are used in the forestry.If any rewriting function at any time, behind record, if find wrongly, promptly page-turnable is made amendment.In addition,,, can remove the content that has identified in the card, will certainly bring human factor like this, but, just can avoid human intervention as if the parameter of design data acquisition time in program by press assignment key if read write line has the removing function.Consider that function is complete, practical, power saving and record stable, we member of seminar has browsed the data of a large amount of electronic circuits and single-chip microcomputer aspect, and done test of many times, though many technical indicators and means are arranged in the sample that writes down slide calliper rule certainly fails to embody, but we have accumulated many valuable experiences in every respect, for example: the time-division processing of CPU, no signal semidormancy function, shut down function, the prompting of input validation multi-tone, maloperation prompting, pronunciation prompting, not enough prompting of electric weight or the like automatically.

Elite from the record slide calliper rule is a register system, though it is a less Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system, except that finishing writing task, still has more multi-functional for development and use.Can make register system finish read-write operation, the man-machine conversation window can be set, allow bring convenience for the forest workers veritably from writing down slide calliper rule to IC-card.

From record slide calliper rule register system principle of work be: after start, stabilized voltage supply provides stable 5V voltage to power to main frame, single-chip microcomputer carries out initialization according to program, on liquid crystal display, show " being ready to " or " asking plug-in card " information then, after the user inserts deck with IC-card, single-chip microcomputer is to sticking into capable detecting operation, after all are normal, on liquid crystal display, show next step operation prompt information, the user imports the selection (comprising the selection of automatic recording status) of oneself as required by button, if do not do any selection, then enter automatic recording status after ten seconds, the signal that this moment, the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground changed just changes on display screen with the form of footpath level (also can be designed to continuous natural number).All operations can pass through the man-machine conversation mode, and a large amount of repetitive operation are just handled automatically by machine, must click the acknowledgement key next round collection of being allowed for access before IC-card writes down.When an input instruction was accepted, this machine can be pointed out by sound equipment, informed this efficient in operation of operator.

With the 89C52 large scale integrated circuit is the CPU hardware that core is formed, and is equipped with self-programming software, integrates high-tech achievement, make that its performance is remarkable, be very easy to the user, even first contact, as long as demonstration or contrast operation instructions a little, but just independent operation at short notice.

In reference general purpose I C card reader development process, running into also, settled technical barrier has from the record slide calliper rule:

(1) holding circuit

In the read write line operating process, plug IC-card continually, particularly under the start electriferous state, plug, provide chance to line short, in order to guarantee IC-card and circuit operate as normal, between IC-card and CPU, add holding circuit in the design.Holding circuit is actually a resistor network, with the short circuit power limitations of dop and contact electrode in the scope that technical indicator allows, even occur short circuit or warm swap like this, all can damaging property consequence.

(2) rubber key (the quick acknowledgement keys of five seeds of A-B) that utilizes the film of less operation to touch button and use repeatedly, adopt 4 * 5 matrixes, add two and browse dedicated array of keys, the keyboard front is totally 22 buttons, and the keyboard side also has a power key and an operating key.These buttons are connected with main frame by 13 wire guide plates, adopt the manufacturing of silver slurry typography, belong to flexibly connect, and are convenient to the assembling maintenance.

(3) selection of liquid crystal display

By character type to dot matrix (Chinese character) type be one than big change, character mode lcd screen is that with maximum difference of lattice lcd screen the different of window display message amount, the latter are one and have than the great development space rising product.But the increase of window display message amount has realized the flexible demonstration of Chinese character, but has brought the establishment difficulty of software.The selection of the area (display window) of Chinese character screen also is a major issue on the other hand, and display message amount of size is not enough, and man-machine dialog interface is undesirable, if strengthen, will increase cost undoubtedly, and is unfavorable for applying later on, makes the user be difficult to bear.

By test relatively, select information suitably to compress, adopt 122 * 32 lattice lcds screen, can satisfy request for utilization fully, writing is clear, and display interface is good.

(4) with the integrating with of system software

Comprise IC-card read write line scm software, microcomputer input device software and microcomputer tabulate statistics software about writing down the used system software of slide calliper rule certainly.In the Application and Development that writes down slide calliper rule certainly, be unable to do without the mutual unification between each software.

Claims

1, a kind of from writing down slide calliper rule, it has a slide calliper rule main body, it is characterized in that: an end fixed handle of slide calliper rule main body, IC-card read write line, photoelectricity harvester, movable rule are arranged on the slide calliper rule main body successively, and be hinged with collapsible fixed gange on the slide calliper rule main body.

2, as claimed in claim 1 from writing down slide calliper rule, it is characterized in that: said collapsible fixed gange amount to axle near design jump ring is arranged.