CN2359568Y - Crude oil high-speed burner - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a crude oil high-speed burner, which is composed of a machine body and a machine core, wherein, a sir passage is arranged in the machine body; one end of the air passage is communicated with an air inlet; the other end is communicated with the interior of a burning chamber through an ignition air distribution hole and a swirling groove on a swirling device, a cooling air distribution hole, a jet hole and a swirling groove on the burning chamber. An oil gun is coaxially provided with the burning chamber. The part in the head part of the burner, which occupies near one third of the length of the whole interior burning space, has no air distribution except for a small amount of ignition air distribution and swirling air distribution; a nozzle section has also no air distribution. Back flow towards the head part can generate in the vicinity of the middle part of the shaft line of the burning chamber; the temperature of the inner wall of the burning chamber is between 650 and 850 DEC C; a small amount of air distribution exists along the inner wall. Therefore, the utility model has the advantages of no coking and no carbon deposit, and is capable of realizing hypoxia and high-speed burning.

Description

The crude oil high velocity burner

The utility model relates to a kind of industrial burner that adopts internal combustion type burning poor oil.

Reach a lot of different field boundary institutes in the oil field, people utilize the method for burn crude to obtain heat energy widely, but crude oil contains impurity such as a certain amount of metal, salt, pitch, dust, in the process of burning, these impurity are very easily separated out, form charcoal and Jiao and accumulate in spout or the burner, reduced efficiency of combustion, even can destroy proceeding of burning exoergic process fully.So, all adopt the external-burning nozzle that falls behind at present, and can not use advanced internal combustion burner at each elephant of China.The patent No. 92212322.5＜a kind of industrial-furnace burner〉disclose and a kind ofly utilized intermediate sleeve to come the retention flame and improve the barrel temperature, the effect of inwall noncoking when reaching combusting heavy oil.This with the big portion of inner core not air feed improve the inner core temperature, and the method that the mode of something or somebody to fall back on portion air feed is removed the inner core carbon deposit has a unvanquishable shortcoming: even the head air feed is excessive, the big portion of air quantity blows to inwall, then the temperature of inwall can drop to below 600 ℃, at this moment inwall coking rapidly inevitably, and when head air feed deficiency or air quantity focus on the combustion chamber near axis, inwall then can be warming up to the situation that material can not bear rapidly, and be localized hyperthermia's anoxic near the inwall at this moment, the rich oil environment, the molecules of salt of dissociating out in the fuel, metallic atom, ion and dust etc. also can be adsorbed on rapidly and form carbon deposit on the inwall, the destruction that finally causes combustion process.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of desirable air force field boundary with comparatively simple structure, forming a desirable temperature field boundary simultaneously in the combustion chamber distributes, make the combustion chamber inner wall temperature remain between 650～850 ℃, along inwall a small amount of oxygen supply is arranged, thereby can realize the not high-velocity combustion of carbon deposit, no coking of poor oil.

The technical solution of the utility model describes with Fig. 1,2,3,4:

Fig. 1 is the axial cutaway view of crude oil high velocity burner;

Fig. 2 is the axial velocity figure of internal-combustion space air-flow;

Fig. 3 is at the rotation direction of internal-combustion space fuel torch and the rotation direction schematic diagram of eddy flow air feed;

Fig. 4 is the distribution chart, and wherein A represents the distribution sectional area.

Whole combustion space is by cyclone " 3 ", line dish " 4 ", combustion chamber " 5 ", nozzle as seen from Figure 1 " 11 " form, and oil gun " 1 " is installed in the head of combustion space, adopt the patent No. 92212165.6 or The standard mechanical atomized oil gun that Changsha Huaneng Group burner Co., Ltd makes requires atomizing angle between 33 °～38 °, The granularity of fuel oil gross weight more than 80% after atomization quality guarantees to atomize is below 50 μ m. Uniform flow tube " 6 " is installed in The periphery of combustion chamber " 5 ", above part all are coaxial mounted, bonnet " 2 " and line dish " 4 ", cyclone " 3 " Can consist of an inlet channel, to guarantee to the eddy flow groove of being opened on the cyclone " 3 " and the air feed of lighting a fire air distribution hole, all The eddy flow groove of cloth is opened on the conical surface of combustion chamber " 5 " inwall, the incision direction of these grooves on the conical surface all with the burning The axis of device becomes 30 ° of angles; Fire hole then is perpendicular to the conical surface towards burner axis, and their total sectional area is little, Only account for the distribution total sectional area long-pending about 1.5%, the uniform flow hole " 8 " on the uniform flow tube " 6 " is the mesh that gathers, The aperture be between uniform flow tube " 6 " and combustion chamber " 5 " distance 1/3rd to 1/4th between, pitch-row is 3～5 times The aperture. Air inlet " 12 " is to be tangent line orientation and shell " 7 " and uniform flow tube " 6 ", combustion chamber " 5 " to consist of The tubular space be connected, such " 5 " but outer in the combustion chamber is along long to supplying comparatively uniformly with circumferential obtaining Gas. The head of combustion chamber " 5 " (near line dish " 4 ") and afterbody have eddy flow groove " 10 " equably, they The direction of incision all is parallel to the axis of burner, and becomes 30 ° of angles, nozzle with normal on the stack shell of combustion chamber " 5 " The effect of " 11 " is the subtended angle that shrinks flame, improves the spouting velocity of flame, and the while is to the burning situation of cephalad direction Provide the high temperature width of cloth to penetrate the source. Among Fig. 2Represent the distribution of igniting air distribution hole on cyclone " 3 " and combustion chamber " 5 ", cooling distribution and jet orifice " 9 ", these Kong Jun are parallel to the normal of the stack shell of the inner conical surface of cyclone " 3 " and combustion chamber " 5 ",Represent eddy flow groove on the cyclone " 3 " and the distribution of the eddy flow groove " 10 " on combustion chamber " 5 ", Can be well understood to from Fig. 2 has one section stronger cephalic air-flow at internal-combustion spatial axis middle part, it can Guarantee the stable of root flame. The direction of eddy flow distribution as can be seen from Figure 3, wherein, III represents on the combustion chamber " 5 " and revolves The air-flow rotation direction that chute " 10 " blows out, II represents the rotation direction of the air-flow that the eddy flow groove on the cyclone " 3 " blows out, I generation Shown the rotation direction of the fuel torch of oil gun " 1 " ejection, as for the rotation direction of the eddy flow groove " 10 " of combustion chamber " 5 " head, Can be with afterbody identical, also can be opposite. The air intake rotation direction of being come by air inlet " 12 " that does not show among Fig. 2 is and fires The rotation direction of material torch is opposite. The model that Fig. 4 shows is the YLR-150 type, and it is released can power be 1423～2 965KW, release inside can the space be 1.9 * 10^-2m ³, the specific volume calorific intensity can reach 3.38 * 10⁸W ·m ^-3, flame spouting velocity V_maxCan reach 120m/s, A among the figure_DThe distribution of representative igniting air distribution hole, its numerical value represent its shared share in whole distribution capacity, A_nThe distribution that has represented each section distributes. , can be found out at A by diagram₂Before, except the fire hole distribution of minute quantity, be the eddy flow distribution that blows to combustion chamber " 5 " inwall, it almost accounts for 20% of whole distribution capacities, therefore, and at A₂Near axis form negative pressuren zone, force A₃The air-fuel mixture that has been preheated of section Thing returns the head (Fig. 4 left end) of combustion chamber " 5 ". Can organize well root flame. At A₂The section after the A ∑ it Before be the position that the cooling air distribution hole of combustion chamber " 5 " and jet orifice " 9 " distribute, in order to improve the barrel temperature, suitably Open less the cooling air distribution hole and open more some jet distributions [9 ", in order to keep the High Temperature and Stable State work of head, and will be bigger penetrate Discharge orifice " 9 " is opened at close nozzle " a 11 " end as far as possible. In the utility model, cooling air distribution hole and jet orifice " 9 " The total sectional area ratio be 1: 0.96. But the practical application value between 0.8～1.1, like this combustion chamber " 5 " Inwall heats up and can remain between 650～850 ℃. The no distribution of nozzle " 11 " at constraint flame, improves In the time of the flame spouting velocity, provide a strong thermal radiation source to the ignition zone of cephalad direction, therefore, can keep stable Operating mode.

Because the utility model provides a kind of comparatively desirable air force field boundary in the combustion space of burner inside, Adopted the oil gun " 1 " of atomizing angle about 35 ° in addition, in high temperature oil, the gas backflow of the oriented head in burner middle part, Therefore ignition zone is near the head of combustion chamber " 5 ", have enough towards the combustion chamber width of cloth of " 5 " inwall penetrate heat, and burn The inwall of chamber " 5 " has the eddy flow groove " 10 " of eddy flow groove on the cyclone " 3 " and combustion chamber " 5 " head to provide Oxygen so inwall is one oil-poor, oxygen enrichment, high-temperature region, can not form coking, when carbon deposit develops into to a certain degree, yet Can burn voluntarily cinder, can not affect proceeding of burning exoergic process.

Embodiment.Fig. 1 has provided the detailed structure of embodiment, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 have provided the distribution scheme, and what not do not show among the figure is that air inlet " 12 " is that direction with tangent line links to each other with shell " 7 ", adds the effect of uniform flow tube " 6 ", like this, outside, combustion chamber " 5 " will obtain air feed comparatively uniformly.Cyclone " 3 " and line dish " 4 " are made with heat-resisting cast iron (RTSi-5.5), and make with heat resisting steel (2Cr25N) combustion chamber " 5 ", and nozzle " 11 " is made with the CSi of double sintering, and other parts are all used general steel or plain cast iron manufacturing.The intact back assembling of part split production.Body is made up of bonnet " 2 " and shell " 7 ", and movement is made up of oil gun " 1 ", cyclone " 3 ", line dish " 4 ", uniform flow tube " 6 ", combustion chamber " 5 ", nozzle " 11 ", their coaxial installations, and the sectional area of air inlet is 3.14 * 10 ⁴Mm ², hole that cyclone " 3 " and combustion chamber " 5 " are upward whole and groove are after having considered aperture coefficient and narrow slit coefficient, equivalent garden is 128.5mm, uses 350～1200mmH in this example ₂The air feed of O is when using mechanical atomization, and oil pressure is 0.6～2.5MPa, and the α span is 1.03～5, actual throwing oil mass is 120～250Kg/h, but the black furnace igniting, no carbon deposit and coking phenomenon, operating efficiency is higher than 99.5%, and exhaust emissions is below the Man Gelin zero level.

Claims (4)

1. crude oil high velocity burner, it is by oil gun " 1 ", bonnet " 2 ", cyclone " 3 ", line dish " 4 ", combustion chamber " 5 ", uniform flow tube " 6 ", shell " 7 ", nozzle " 11 " is formed, it is characterized in that: they are coaxial mounted, cyclone " 3 " has the igniting air distribution hole equably on the conical surface of burner axis, the total sectional area in hole only accounts for 1.5% of whole burner distribution sectional area, the internal-combustion space by 1/3rd length of rifle head end in except that the distribution of lighting a fire, the eddy flow distribution that blows to combustion chamber " 5 " inwall is only arranged, its distribution sectional area accounts for nearly 20% of whole distribution sectional area, the ratio of the total sectional area of cooling air distribution hole on combustion chamber " 5 " and jet orifice " 10 ", between 0.8～1.1, and jet orifice " 10 " concentrates on combustion chamber " 5 " afterbody near spout " a 11 " end, not distribution of spout " 11 " as far as possible.

2. it is characterized in that by the described burner of claim 1: cyclone " 3 " and line dish " 4 " are to produce with heat-resisting cast iron (RTSi-5.5), and combustion chamber " 5 " are to produce with heat resisting steel (2Cr25N), and nozzle " 11 " is made with CSi.

3. it is characterized in that by the described burner of claim 1: the atomizing angle of the oil gun of adapted is between 33～38.

4. it is characterized in that by the described burner of claim 1: the rotation direction of the eddy flow of cyclone " 3 " and combustion chamber " 5 " head (by line dish " 4 ") is identical, and opposite with the rotation direction of the fuel torch of oil gun " 1 " ejection.

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