A kind of device that carries out digitized processing
The present invention relates to a kind of device that analog quantity is carried out digitized processing.
The existing mode that analog quantity is carried out digitized processing mainly contains three kinds:
1.A/D transformation circuit method: change analog quantity into voltage or current signal earlier, again this signal is transformed into digital quantity immediately with the A/D change-over circuit, receive and record with computing machine again.Because this conversion is real-time, just can not work in case have a power failure, and have many equipment when having a power failure still in normal use, as water meter, gas meter etc., to these equipment if carry out digitized processing with said method, will bring gross error, after restoring electricity, could operate as normal after need proofreading and correct the data of record.
2. rotating disk compiling method: with analog quantity through gear drive, the anglec of rotation that becomes the coding rotary disk continous way changes, on card perpendicular to rotating shaft, ecto-entad be furnished with a few by low level to coding circle high-order, that form by " 0 " " 1 " digital marking, transducer arrangements is in the side of code-wheel, each coding circle only has a sensor corresponding with it, and sensor can outwards provide the numerical coding of the current angle value of code-wheel during use, receives and record with computing machine again.According to said method She Ji scrambler has: the SZGM-01 photoelectric encoder.For further improving encoding precision, high, medium and low position is set sometimes waits several code-wheels, the rotation of each code-wheel all is a kind of successional, and just the angle of rotation becomes certain multiple relation, so that can provide the numerical value of each section of high, medium and low position in the binary number after the digitizing.She Ji scrambler has in this way: BMQ-2X contact shaft-position encoder.Need not proofread and correct after this type of compiling method can accomplish to have a power failure and to recover operate as normal, but also there is following point: A. because each sensor is corresponding with a coding circle, therefore encoding precision is directly proportional with the digital marking number of encoding on enclosing, under the certain situation of digital marking size, for keeping certain encoding precision, the diameter of coding circle just must be done greatlyyer, so the volume of class scrambler is also bigger, usually its diameter is between 70~ 170, and the diameter of existing water meter panel is only between 70~ 80, if this type of scrambler is installed in table, volume will increase more than the several times; B. under the diameter and the big or small certain condition of digital marking of coding circle, it is very limited that a coding encloses the digital marking number that can set, and each coding circle only has a sensor corresponding with it, therefore the scope of scrambler output valve is smaller, be mainly used in the angle of rotating shaft is carried out digital coding, so be not suitable for the equipment that ammeter, water meter etc. need carry out digitized processing to the big number of accumulative total.
3. differential code method: analog quantity is resolved into a lot of " base unit values ", when the increase and decrease of " base unit value " takes place in analog quantity, just outwards send a positive pulse or negative pulse, add up by the computing machine paired pulses of outside again, thereby draw currency, " D86-M series " pulsed watt-hour meter of producing as country's typing adopts this mode exactly, the problem that it exists is: because line fault, situations such as power failure can cause partial pulse to be lost, and verification automatically between the digitized record value of the currency of instrument and computing machine, can cause two cover systems " reading " that tangible difference is arranged after the long-time running, need regularly carry out desk checking, when computer network will be monitored thousands of the such watt-hour meter of hundreds of simultaneously, again the workload of Jiao Zhenging is very large, in order to address this problem, people have adopted the whole bag of tricks to improve the reliability of system: complicated computer network, add holding storage battery or the like, although the cost of system is increased greatly, also fails fundamentally to address this problem.
The purpose of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly also cumulative errors can not occur, also do not need device manual synchronizing, that analog quantity carried out digitized processing after the power failure having under the situation of line fault and other random disturbance.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of new digital coding device: it is by the coding wheels, wheel shaft, the carry gear, gear shaft, rotate the input gear, digital marking, wheel support, sensor, the erecting frame of sensor is formed, the coding wheels, rotate the input gear through wheel shaft, the carry gear is installed on the wheel support through gear shaft, analog quantity is taken turns through the low level that rotation input gear passes to earlier in the coding wheels, and the continous way that will rotate the input gear is rotated, the batch (-type) that converts this code wheel to rotates, take turns transmission by the mode of A system to a high position through the carry gear by the low level wheel again, code wheel is provided with M the discernible digital marking of sensor, and the formation coding circle coaxial with code wheel, M is the integral multiple of A, each code wheel is discerned the digital marking of its current location with n sensor, and Integer n should make following formula set up: 2
n>A, sensor is fixed on the wheel support through erecting frame, the information of sending with the identification number code labeling.
Above-mentioned digital marking can be made by extinction and reflectorized material respectively, sensor is made of light-emitting component and light activated element, when code wheel rotated to desired location, reflectorized material reflected the light that light-emitting component sends to light activated element, and made its action and send digital signal.
Above-mentioned digital marking can be made by permanent magnetic material, sensor is by magneto sensor: tongue tube or mistor or Hall element or magnetic transister constitute, when code wheel rotated to desired location, permanent magnetic material was near magneto sensor, and made its action and send digital signal.
Above-mentioned digital marking can be made by permeability magnetic material, and sensor is made of inductance element, and when code wheel rotated to desired location, permeability magnetic material was near inductance element, and its inductance value is changed and sends digital signal.
Above-mentioned digital marking can be made by hard material, and sensor is made of microswitch, and when code wheel rotated to desired location, hard material touched microswitch, connected relevant signal circuit.
Above-mentioned digital marking can be made by conductive material, and sensor is made of brush, and when code wheel rotated to desired location, brush contacted with conductive material, connects relevant signal circuit.
Above-mentioned digital marking can be made of the through hole on the code wheel, the sensor that is made of light-emitting component and light activated element is separately positioned on the both sides in hole, and when code wheel rotated to desired location, the light that light-emitting component sends passed through hole, the direct light photosensitive elements, and make its action and send digital signal.
Being printed on the excircle of above-mentioned code wheel can be for the character of direct-reading.
A kind of measuring equipment, comprise ammeter, water meter, gas meter etc., it includes analog measurement device and digitizing treater, its digitizing treater is made of digital coding device and control and decoding scheme, the digital coding device is by the coding wheels, wheel shaft, the carry gear, gear shaft, rotate the input gear, digital marking, wheel support, sensor, the erecting frame of sensor is formed, the coding wheels, rotate the input gear through wheel shaft, the carry gear is installed on the wheel support through gear shaft, analog quantity is taken turns through the low level that rotation input gear at first passes in the coding wheels, and the continous way that will rotate the input gear is rotated, the batch (-type) that converts code wheel to rotates, take turns transmission through the carry gear to a high position by the low level wheel again, digital marking is located on the code wheel, and the formation coding circle coaxial with code wheel, sensor is fixed on the wheel support through erecting frame, the information of sending with the identification number code labeling, signal of sensor is connected to control and decoding scheme, this circuit is handled this signal by the protocol requirement of computing machine communication interface after, again to external transmission.
A kind of computer data acquiring device, comprise computing machine, transmission line, analog measurement equipment etc., digitizing treater in its analog measurement equipment is made of digital coding device and control and decoding scheme, the digital coding device is by the coding wheels, wheel shaft, the carry gear, gear shaft, rotate the input gear, digital marking, wheel support, sensor, the erecting frame of sensor is formed, the coding wheels, rotate the input gear through wheel shaft, the carry gear is installed on the wheel support through gear shaft, analog quantity is taken turns through the low level that rotation input gear at first passes in the coding wheels, and the continous way that will rotate the input gear is rotated, the batch (-type) that converts code wheel to rotates, take turns transmission through the carry gear to a high position by the low level wheel again, digital marking is located on the code wheel, and the formation coding circle coaxial with code wheel, sensor is fixed on the wheel support through erecting frame, the information of sending with the identification number code labeling, signal of sensor is connected to control and decoding scheme, this circuit transmits to computing machine through transmission line after this signal is handled by the protocol requirement of computing machine communication interface.
After adopting the present invention,, and mechanically noted, can not caused loss of data so have a power failure because the size of analog quantity is changed into the rotation change of coding wheels; Whenever because scrambler is that the current record value of the code wheel of band direct-reading character is encoded,, need not carry out proof-reading so all be consistent between the on-the-spot direct-reading value of analog quantity and the computer record value; Owing to be to adopt the mechanical type record, and the encoded radio that sends to computing machine all is to decipher gained again according to the position of current code wheel each time, irrelevant with the encoded radio that the last time sends, so line fault and other random disturbance etc. all can only produce once influence to measured value, and can not produce cumulative errors.By above introduction as can be known, behind employing the present invention, it is very simple, reliable that the whole data collection system becomes, and cost reduces greatly, has exempted regular correction work fully, and line service significantly reduces; Because the diameter of code wheel is about 20 millimeters, volume is little, and is easy to implement, and particularly for ammeter, water meter, gas meter, existing mechanical count display structural similarity in scrambler and the table improves also being easy on the basis of existing old table.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of first embodiment of digitizing treater of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the I-I sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the front elevation behind the device installation panel shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the stretch-out view of the code wheel and the sensor of device shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 5 is a device shown in Figure 1 synoptic diagram when adopting the photo-electric recognition method;
Fig. 6 is a device shown in Figure 1 synoptic diagram when adopting permanent magnet induction formula recognition method;
Fig. 7 is a device shown in Figure 1 synoptic diagram when adopting inductance induction type recognition method;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of device shown in Figure 1 when adopting mechanical actuating type recognition method;
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of device shown in Figure 1 when adopting dynamo-electric slide-contact-type recognition method;
Figure 10 is the synoptic diagram of second embodiment of digitizing treater of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the stretch-out view of the code wheel and the sensor of device shown in Figure 10;
Figure 12 is the synoptic diagram of the 3rd embodiment of digitizing treater of the present invention;
Figure 13 is the II-II sectional view of Figure 12;
Figure 14 is the vertical view of device shown in Figure 12;
Figure 15 is the circuit theory diagrams of device shown in Figure 12;
Figure 16 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment of digitizing treater of the present invention in watt-hour meter;
Figure 17 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment of digitizing treater of the present invention in water meter;
Figure 18 is the synoptic diagram of the embodiment of digitizing treater of the present invention in gas meter;
Figure 19 is the side view of device shown in Figure 180;
The synoptic diagram of first embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 1.In Fig. 1, code wheel is the carry mode of 10 systems, 5 code wheels (5.6.7.8.9) and a rotation input gear (13) are through wheel shaft (10), carry gear (11) is installed on the support (14) through gear shaft (12), two fluted discs of rotation input gear (13) split the both sides in wheel support (14), analog quantity is through rotating input gear (13) input, and pass to carry gear (11), pass to a position code wheel (5) again, again through carry gear (11) one by one to ten, one hundred, kilobit, the code wheel of myriabit number (6.7.8.9) transmission, the moving circle (i.e. 10 lattice) of individual position code wheel revolution, ten code wheels just rotate lattice, all the other are the mode carry herewith, code wheel (5.6.7.8.9) is provided with the digital marking (3) and the direct-reading character (4) of " 1 ", direct-reading character (4) is from 0 to 9 integer, and sensor groups (2) is fixed on the wheel support (14) through erecting frame (1).
From Fig. 2, Fig. 3 as can be known, code wheel (9) is provided with the digital marking (3) of " 1 ", sensor groups (2) layout in the arc-shaped by (A.B.C.D) 4 sensors formations, and with code wheel (9) totally one center of circle, be fixed on the wheel support (14) through erecting frame (1), have viewport (16) on the panel (15), and be fixed on the erecting frame (1) with screw, see through viewport (16) and can see direct-reading character (4) on the code wheel (9), in Fig. 2 for direct-reading character and binary-coded relation are described, side at code wheel has drawn the distribution with dashed lines of direct-reading character (4) on the code wheel circumference come out, as shown in Figure 2, the direct-reading number of now seeing from viewport is " 1 ", and the binary coding of sensor groups (2) output is [0111].
Fig. 4 is the stretch-out view of code wheel (9) and sensor groups (2).Because the rotation of code wheel is step, most of times all are to be parked on the position that just in time shows its direct-reading character, when scrambler is 10 systems, this kind location status has 10, and with 4 sensors constitute sensor groups can discern 16 kinds of states, as can be seen from Figure 4, no matter where code wheel rotates to, and all has only a definite binary coding corresponding with it.
Fig. 5 is the synoptic diagram of photo-electric recognition method.In Fig. 5, " 1 " " 0 " digital marking on the code wheel is made by reflectorized material and light absorbent respectively, sensor groups (2) is made of light-emitting component (17) and light activated element (18), when code wheel rotates to desired location, reflectorized material reflects the light that light-emitting component sends to light activated element, and makes its action and send " 1 " signal.
Fig. 6 is the synoptic diagram of permanent magnet induction formula recognition method.In Fig. 6, " 1 " digital marking is made by permanent magnetic material (21), sensor is by magneto sensor (22): tongue tube or mistor or Hall element or magnetic transister constitute, when code wheel rotates to desired location, permanent magnetic material (21) is near magnetosensitive unit (22), and make its action, send " 1 " signal.
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram of inductance induction type recognition method.In Fig. 7, " 1 " digital marking is made by permeability magnetic material (23), and sensor is made of inductance element (24), and when code wheel rotated to desired location, permeability magnetic material (23) was near inductance element (24), inductance value generation significant change and send " 1 " signal.
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of mechanical actuating type recognition method.In Fig. 8, " 1 " digital marking is made by hard material (25), and sensor is made of microswitch (26), and when code wheel rotated to desired location, hard material (25) touched microswitch (26), and relevant signal circuit is connected, and sends " 1 " signal.
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of dynamo-electric slide-contact-type recognition method.In Fig. 9, " 1 " digital marking is made by conductive material (27) and insulating material (28), and sensor is made of brush (29), when code wheel rotates to desired location, brush (29) slips on conductive material (27), and relevant signal circuit is connected, and sends " 1 " signal.
In Figure 10, provided the embodiment of another 10 system digitizing treater, its feature is the sensor groups among Fig. 1 (2) to be revolved turn 90 degrees, make (A.B.C.D) 4 sensors arrange vertically, strengthen the axial width of code wheel (56.7.8.9) simultaneously, so that can put down 4 digital markings side by side, this embodiment can dwindle the circumferential length that sensor groups (2) takies code wheel greatly, and Figure 11 has provided the code wheel stretch-out view of this embodiment.
Figure 12 .13.14 has provided the 3rd embodiment.For further dwindling the volume of scrambler, make full use of the space between the code wheel, this embodiment is combined into T shape photoelectric sensor (31) to light emitting diode (41) and phototriode (40), insert the room between the code wheel (32.33.34.35.36), be installed on the wheel support (14) through sensor stationary shaft (37) and stator (38), also be provided with connection terminal (30) at its top, usefulness for output signal, " 1 " digital marking is made of the through hole on the code wheel card (39), light emitting diode (41) and phototriode (40) are separately positioned on the both sides of through hole (39), when code wheel rotates to the position of setting, the light of light emitting diode (41) passes through hole (39) direct projection phototriode (40), and make its action, and trigger " 1 " signal, compare with reflective, the approach sensor of this kind direct-injection type works together more reliable and more stable.
From above-mentioned three embodiments, can find two obviously differences of the present invention and rotating disk compiling method: A. rotating disk sign indicating number method is that analog quantity is directly transformed, the output signal of detector is exactly the binary coding of standard, and the present invention is the current location with the character wheel of detector identification indication reading, the output signal of detector only is the position code of character wheel, need just can obtain the binary coding of standard through after the corresponding operation processing; B. the rotating disk compiling method is the binary coding of standard that analog quantity is converted into, so when a myriabit number is carried out digitized processing, it only needs 17 detectors, and detector number required for the present invention is except that outside the Pass having with the figure place that will transform, also relevant with the carry digit A of coding wheels, when A=10, it needs 20 detectors at least.
Figure 15 is the circuit theory diagrams of the 3rd embodiment.In Figure 15, control and decoding scheme (42) receive power supply of being sent here by transmission line (43) and the interrogation signal that is sent by computing machine (44) through O1, O2 terminal, and compare with the memory address sign indicating number, light emitting diode in the conducting P1.P2.P3.P4.P5 loop successively after obtaining confirming, collect the information that each time passed back from bus A1.B1.C1.D1 simultaneously, processing is deciphered in requirement by computing machine (44) communication interface standard, and the data after will handling are again delivered to computing machine (44) through transmission line (43) and kept a record and further processing.
Figure 16 is the embodiment of the present invention in watt-hour meter.In Figure 16, digital coding device of the present invention (45), panel (49) is installed on the last pedestal (47) in the watt-hour meter analogue measurement device (51), through importing defeated moving gear (46) input analog amount, control and decoding scheme (50) are installed in down on the pedestal (48), are provided with input and output socket (52) below table.
Figure 17 is the embodiment of the present invention in water meter.In Figure 17, measure of water device (60) is a dry-type structure of water meter, digital coding device of the present invention (53) is installed in the below of panel (54), control and decoding scheme (58) are installed in the concave shaped cavity of shell (55) side, the signal wire of digital coding device (53) passes the through hole (57) on the shell (55), connect with control and decoding scheme (58), below concave shaped cavity, be provided with input and output socket (59).
Figure 18 .19 is the embodiment of the present invention in gas meter.Among the figure, coal gas measurement mechanism (63) is the membrane type structure, digital coding device of the present invention (61) is installed in the electrical box in dead ahead of table, and control and decoding scheme (62) installation thereunder are provided with input and output socket (64) in the side of electrical box.
Certainly; the range of application of digitizing treater of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned three kinds of instrument, if having other instrument or device to use said apparatus, also belongs to protection scope of the present invention; as digitized processing of the SEA LEVEL VARIATION measured value in river and pond etc., be not going to repeat.