CN2332357Y

CN2332357Y - X-ray mammary gland diagnostic instrument using X-ray bunch system

Info

Publication number: CN2332357Y
Application number: CN 98218518
Authority: CN
Inventors: 颜一鸣; 赫业军; 丁训良
Original assignee: Beijing Normal University
Current assignee: Beijing Normal University
Priority date: 1998-08-25
Filing date: 1998-08-25
Publication date: 1999-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2008-08-25

Abstract

The utility model relates to an X-ray mammary gland diagnostic instrument using an X-ray bunching system, which is composed of an X-ray source, a one-dimensional X-ray buncher, an X-ray guide pipe collimating system, and an imaging system. The utility model is characterized in that the one-dimensional X-ray buncher is additionally arranged between the X-ray source and the breasts of a human body; the X-ray guide pipe collimating system is additionally arranged between the breasts and the imaging system. The utility model has the advantages of good spatial resolution, high sensitivity, and the large power density of the X-rays, and has the advantage that compared with the conventional X-ray mammary gland diagnostic instruments, the utility model has a substantial improvement.

Description

Use the X-ray mammary diagnosis instrument of X-ray beam forming system

This use is novel to relate to a kind of diagnostic apparatus, relates in particular to a kind of X-ray mammary diagnosis instrument that is used for the breast tumor early diagnosis.

The X-ray mammary diagnosis instrument is widely used in the diagnosis of breast tumor.Malignant breast tumor is the common a kind of dangerous disorders of women, and its main treatment means is early stage discovery.Conventional x-ray system is made up of X source and imaging system.The principle of imaging is that different material has different absorptions to X-ray, thereby produces the different blackness on the image, makes resolution with eye or instrument, determines the size shape of focus in the human body.

A slice, thin piece will be clapped to such an extent that quality height, the good major requirement slice, thin piece of definition have good contrast and high-space resolution.Require the suffered radiation dose of patient as far as possible little in addition, high thereby the sensitivity of detection system is wanted.

The area of X source is bigger in the conventional diagnosis film making, and the limited size of light source can cause penumbra fuzzy.The diagnosis size of common breast carcinoma is roughly at 5mm.Medical up-to-date X source is little of 4 μ m, spatial discrimination reaches 70 lines right/mm, but the minimum of tumor determines that amount still be 3mm, cuts tissue slice to determine that optimum still is malignant tumor but also will be aided with after tumor is definite.This is because human body is too serious to the X-ray scattering, has influenced the resolution and the contrast of slice, thin piece.

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of high-resolution, high contrast and highly sensitive X-ray mammary diagnosis instrument that uses the X-ray conduit colimated light system before X source beam buncher and the imaging, and tumor is minimum determines that amount reaches 1-2mm.

The purpose of this utility model reaches by following measure: this diagnostic apparatus comprises X-ray conduit colimated light system before the X source, X-ray one dimension beam buncher, imaging and imaging system, shield, breast clamps, spectrometer pillar.Be connected with X source on spectrum view support, one dimension X-ray beam buncher arranged below its light source, be connected with breast clamps in the middle of the spectrometer support, the X-ray imaging system is arranged below the spectrometer support, it has shield and colimated light system above system.Its characteristics are: be added with one dimension X-ray beam buncher between X source and human breast (thing), it will launch the thin fan-shaped x-beam that X-ray gathers into unidimensional high power density of dispersing from X source; The X-ray bundle shines on the breast, and the X-ray of transmission is that the colimated light system that elongated taper X-ray conduit is formed receives and imaging in computer-controlled imaging system.With fladellum and the synchronous scanning of X-ray conduit colimated light system that one dimension X-ray beam buncher forms, can obtain the full frame image of breast.Taper X-ray conduit colimated light system receives the fan-shaped x-beam through the direct transmission of breast, and with direct Transmission X optical transmission to the imaging system imaging, colimated light system is made up of taper X-ray conduit, it is a single cellular glass solid that does not have support component, in have and a plurality ofly penetrate into the taper X-ray guide hole of the other end from described one end of solid, and this glass solid is formed by above-mentioned X-ray conduit self fusion.

It is as follows that this utility model compared with prior art has advantage:

1. owing to adopted one dimension X-ray beam buncher, it has assembled the X-ray of conventional X-ray tube emission, thereby improved the power density of X-ray bundle, the bundle height of this thin fladellum blurs thereby so just reduced the high penumbra that has reduced the formation of X source bundle speckle effectively of bundle at 0.1-0.2mm.High x-ray power density can shorten the filming image time simultaneously.The width of fladellum meets the needs that mammary gland is taken at 100-180mm.

2. owing to added taper X-ray conduit colimated light system before imaging system, imaging system can only receive the X-ray through the direct transmission of breast, penetrates next scattering X-ray thereby card has fallen the breast other parts.Usually scattered light intensity is about the 40-90% of direct projection light intensity, add collimation after, scattered light intensity can reduce by two magnitudes.This has just increased contrast greatly, has improved the definition of slice, thin piece, and can reduce the required X-ray dosage (1-2 magnitude) of film making.

3. taper X-ray conduit can play the effect that projection is amplified.For example the size of duct inlet and outlet is 1: 3, when the pixel size of imaging system is 30 μ m, conical pipe import caliber is decided to be 10 μ m, this just makes pixel dwindle 3 times, thereby improved the spatial resolution of system greatly, make the minimum of tumor determine that amount is 1-2mm, this will be the substantial improvements to mammary diagnosis instrument.

4.X the light beam forming system has the energy selectivity characteristic, can select optimal X-ray energy (17-25keV) for use, card removes the high-energy X-ray background, has reduced this a part of harmful radiation.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing this utility model is described in further detail.

Fig. 1 is a theory diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is an one dimension beam buncher schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is taper X-ray conduit system action principle figure;

Fig. 4 (a) is without X-ray conduit colimated light system, image when X-ray passes through focus;

Fig. 4 (b) is for using X-ray conduit colimated light system, image when X-ray passes through focus.

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, this utility model is made up of X source 1, one dimension X-ray beam buncher 2, breast clamps 4, taper X-ray conduit colimated light system 6 and shield 7 and imaging system 8.The X-ray that is sent by X source 1 forms thin fan-shaped x-beam 3 through one dimension beam buncher 2.This fladellum is mapped on the breast of being clamped by anchor clamps 45.Inject taper X-ray conduit colimated light system 6 between the shield 7 through the X-ray of breast 5 transmissions, the imaging on X-ray imaging system 8 of collimated X-ray, 9 is the spectrometer support.Imaging system can be a film, also can be the digital imaging system that nuclear detector array, electronics circuit and computer are formed, or MCP-electric light photo-translating system and CCD read-out system.

Accompanying drawing 2 has provided the pack principle of one dimension X-ray beam buncher.Beam buncher 2 is made up of a folded surperficial very bright and clean sheet metal or the silicon chip of plating metal on surface reflectance coating.The X-ray of X source emission incides on the slice, thin piece of beam buncher with the glancing angle less than the cirtical angle of total reflection, and in the gap of slice, thin piece through multiple reflection, be transferred to the outlet of beam buncher expeditiously.Slice, thin piece is bent to the combination of quadratic surface or quadratic surface section, make the X-ray of outgoing be converged to the thin fladellum of 0.1-0.2mm, focus on supramammary fladellum width, can use diaphragm to regulate at 100-180mm.One dimension beam buncher entrance point is Hin=1～5mm, and the port of export is Hout=0.5～5mm, and maximum height is Hmax=1.2～6mm, and entrance width is lin=20-80mm, and going out open height is lout=50～170mm, and length is L=20～80mm..The inlet height of one dimension X-ray beam buncher and go out open height less than maximum height.

Accompanying drawing 3 has provided the effect sketch map of taper X-ray conduit colimated light system.Fan-shaped x-beam through the breast transmission incides in the X-ray conduit of system, and conduit is arranged along the bus of fladellum, makes the X-ray that has only direct transmission in the X-ray by the X source outgoing note in can be along ducted propagation to imaging system.The width of conduit colimated light system is consistent with the width and the thickness size of the fladellum that sees through breast with thickness, and the catheter length of colimated light system is 150-250mm.

Accompanying drawing 4 is understood the advantage that conduit system is used specifically.1 is X source among the figure, and 12 is the focus of breast, and 6 is the X-ray conduit system.Fig. 4 (a) is not for there being the situation of conduit collimation, and the X-ray that sees through focus this moment will mix mutually with the X-ray that other positions are come, and causes image fog; Fig. 4 (b) is for using the situation of conduit, and the X-ray that sees through focus can only incide a certain or certain some conduit and not mixing with the X-ray that other positions are come, and this will improve the quality of image greatly.

Claims

1. mammary diagnosis instrument that uses the X-ray beam forming system, form by X source and imaging system and spectrometer support, it is characterized in that: between X source and human breast, be added with one dimension X-ray beam buncher and breast clamps, between breast and imaging system, be added with X-ray conduit colimated light system and shield, X source, breast clamps and imaging system can be provided on the spectrometer support successively.

2. mammary diagnosis instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: one dimension X-ray beam buncher is converted into thin fan-shaped x-beam with the X-ray that x-ray source penetrates, the height that fladellum focuses on breast is 0.1-0.2mm, width is 100-180mm, beam buncher is made up of a folded surperficial very bright and clean sheet metal or the silicon chip of plating metal on surface film, and the slice, thin piece of beam buncher is shaped as the combination of quadratic surface or quadratic surface section.

3. mammary diagnosis instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: taper X-ray conduit colimated light system receives the fan-shaped x-beam through the direct transmission of breast, and with direct Transmission X optical transmission to the imaging system imaging, colimated light system is made up of taper X-ray conduit, it is a single cellular glass solid that does not have support component, in have and a plurality ofly penetrate into the taper X-ray guide hole of the other end from described one end of solid, and this glass solid is formed by above-mentioned X-ray conduit self fusion.

4. according to right 2 described mammary diagnosis instruments, it is characterized in that: the inlet height of one dimension X-ray beam buncher and go out open height less than maximum height.

5. mammary diagnosis instrument according to claim 2 is characterized in that: one dimension X-ray beam buncher length L be 20-80mm, Hin is 1-5mm, Hout is 0.5-5mm, Hmax is 1.2-6mm, lin is 20-80mm, lout is 50-170mm.

6. according to right 3 described mammary diagnosis instruments, it is characterized in that: the width and the consistency of thickness of the fladellum of breast crossed in the width of conduit colimated light system and thickness and transmission, and the length of the conduit of colimated light system is 150-25mm.