CN2322887Y

CN2322887Y - Motor-driven assistor for bicycle

Info

Publication number: CN2322887Y
Application number: CN98204267U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈永毅; 黎明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1998-05-19
Filing date: 1998-05-19
Publication date: 1999-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 2008-05-19

Abstract

The utility model relates to a motor-driven assistor for a bicycle, comprising that a manual button arranged on handlebars of a common bicycle is connected with a drive device through a conducting wire; the drive gear is coaxially fixed on a back wheel of the common bicycle; a supporting mechanism for a chain is fixed on a back bicycle frame of the common bicycle; an installing plate is fixed on back bicycle frame of the common bicycle; the drive device is installed on the installing plate; a pressure chain wheel a pedal force sensor in the drive device presses on the upper part of the chain of the bicycle; a rotary speed sensor is placed on the side part of a drive gear; an output gear is engaged with a drive gear. The utility model has convenient use and strong practicability.

Description

The bicycle electric work-saving device

The utility model relates to a kind of bicycle electric work-saving device.

Electrical Bicycle is as a kind of short distance walking-replacing tool, in the city, use have laborsaving, easy, pollution-free, take up an area of less, low cost and other advantages, be widely studied and obtain certain application during the last ten years.Early stage driving Electrical Bicycle is a power with electrical motor gasoline replacing machine, control with hand switch, its shortcoming is that control mode is driven near self-propelled vehicle (motor bike), for people who does not pass through specialized training or the slower people of id reaction, may increase safety hazard in case of emergency.According to the statistics of China city traffic control department, the crowd who rides Electrical Bicycle rides ordinary bicycle and exceeds tens of times because of can not in time braking the quantity ratio of breaking rules and regulations at the crossing.At the initial stage nineties, in the many big cities of China, Electrical Bicycle once once in vogue withdraws from market very soon, and except that technical reason, safety problem also is one of principal element.

In recent years, the assistance type Electrical Bicycle that some developed countries come into vogue had solved safety problem preferably.Invention with Honda Motor Co. is the example (patent No.: CN96104992.8), such car is equipped with pedal power sensor and tachogen at the axis place, when manpower to pedal the time, controller resolves by the signal to force gauge and tachogen, opens electrical motor and implements power-assisted; When manpower stopped to pedal, electrical motor also stopped power-assisted and drives.Though the vehicle of other company and country is difference to some extent aspect drive arrangement, the principle aspect is similar.

Existing assistance type Electrical Bicycle, comparatively perfect in function aspects, but owing to the pedal power sensor is installed on axis or the chain drum, or because the needs of transmission, the structure and the ordinary bicycle of vehicle frame are distinguished to some extent, so the driver train of such car and car load are made one.Like this because structural reason causes following three shortcomings: one, the vehicle cost of custom-made is higher, and the car load cost is risen, and this makes this car very unfavorable as popularizing of popular type product; Its two, the weight of car load makes carrying and deposits inconvenience, particularly such car higher by the ratio that the old man uses; Its three, when using boosted vehicle, original bicycle goes out of use.

The purpose of this utility model has been to propose a kind of free-standing electric boosted actuating device that can dismantle flexibly, during use, this device is installed on the ordinary bicycle, realizes and above-mentioned assistance type Electrical Bicycle identical functions; And time spent not, this device can be pulled down from car, and former bicycle still can be used as ordinary bicycle and uses.

For achieving the above object, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme: a kind of bicycle electric work-saving device, comprise adapter plate, actuating device, driven wheel, the chain supporting mechanism, and hand push button, the hand push button that is installed on the ordinary bicycle handlebar is connected with actuating device by lead, driven wheel is coaxial with fixing on the rear wheel of ordinary bicycle, the chain supporting mechanism is fixed on the back vehicle frame of ordinary bicycle, adapter plate is fixed on the back vehicle frame of ordinary bicycle, actuating device is installed on the adapter plate, the pressing sprocket of the pedal power sensor in the actuating device is pressed in the top of cycle chain, tachogen places the sidepiece of driven wheel, output gear and driven wheel engagement.

Be described further below in conjunction with accompanying drawing

The side schematic view that Fig. 1 installs on bicycle for the utility model

The schematic top plan view that Fig. 2 installs on bicycle for the utility model

Fig. 3 is the inner structure scheme drawing of actuating device

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of foot-operated force gauge

Fig. 5 is the structure and the scheme of installation of chain supporting mechanism

Fig. 6 is pedal power, force sensor signals and motor-driven curve synoptic diagram

Fig. 7 is the controller principle scheme drawing

Fig. 8 is the drive program frame scheme drawing of riding

Fig. 9 is a hand switch control program frame scheme drawing

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the utility model is made up of adapter plate 2, actuating device 3, driven wheel 4, chain supporting mechanism 5 and hand push button 6, hand push button 6 is installed on the handlebar of ordinary bicycle 1, and be connected with actuating device 3 with lead (not drawing among the figure), this is a relatively independent device, and is only effective when go-cart in principle; Driven wheel 4 is coaxial to be fixed on the rear wheel of ordinary bicycle 1, is used to accept the power that output gear provides; Chain supporting mechanism 5 is fixed on the back vehicle frame of ordinary bicycle 1, when manpower scrunches the stretcher of bicycle, is used for the tension chain bottom; Adapter plate 2 is fixed on the back vehicle frame of ordinary bicycle 1, as the extended immobilization part, is convenient to the fast assembling-disassembling of actuating device 3; Actuating device 3 is installed on the adapter plate 2 when using, and can pull down from adapter plate 2 when not using.

As shown in Figure 3; comprise pedal power sensor 300, controller 317, storage battery 316, storage battery protecting device 314, charger 315, electrical motor 313, reducing gear 311, single-phase device 310, output gear 309, tachogen 308, bearing 312 in the actuating device 3; as protector, also has casing (not drawing among the figure).When the cyclist began to pedal stretcher, controller 317 resolved by the signal to pedal power sensor 300 and tachogen 308, and the switch at control motor 313 and speed governing are to realize suitable power-assisted; When go-cart, pedal power sensor 300 does not have signal output, and tachogen 308 is when having the signal output (than normally speed is low by bike) of specialized range, also available hand push button 6 passes through the switch at controller 317 control motors 313,317 speed governing by the signal of tachogen 308 of controller; Reducing gear 311, output gear 309 are given driven wheel 4 with the transmission of power of electrical motor 313 and are slowed down; When being used for motor and not providing power, 310 of single-phase devices, bicycle still can be ridden in the usual way after this device has been installed with the disengagement that is connected of wheel with transmission device.

As shown in Figure 4, axle 304 and drive link 302 in the pedal power sensor 300, be rigidly connected between the signal panel 305, axle 304 is installed on the casing (not drawing among the figure) by bearing 307, an end that is enclosed within the spring 303 on the axle 304 is fixed on the casing, the other end is pressed on the drive link 302, and by pressing sprocket 301 with the chain of ordinary bicycle 1 to pressing down, when the strength that scrunches bicycle pedal when manpower changes, chain overcomes spring 303 pressure and the degree that is straightened changes, the change in location that causes pressing sprocket 301 is (when foot-operated power increases, pressing sprocket moves to the A direction), by drive link 302, axle 304, the position of signal panel 305 is changed relatively (when foot-operated power increases, signal panel moves to the B direction), position transduser group 306 converts the variation that scrunches strength to electric signal and sends controller 317 to by lead by the position of signal panel 305 is measured.

By the following examples principle of work is described further.

An embodiment of the present utility model adopts the structure as Fig. 1-Fig. 6.Before this actuating device is installed on ordinary bicycle, need carry out a spot of repacking to car.Remove hand switch 6 and belong to selectable unit, when not needing the go-cart assist function, outside can not installing, other repacking all is necessary.Comprise: Driven wheel 4 is installed: coaxial with former bicycle freewheel, fix with trailing wheel, diameter is obviously greater than flywheel

The sheet straight gear, unified inboard (as Fig. 2) or the outside (as Fig. 3) that is installed in flywheel.

Add reel chain: with former cycle chain lengthening 2～4 joints, obviously pine is spacious sagging when state of nature to make it,

Purpose is pressing sprocket 301 location variations of force gauge when increasing to pedal, and pressing sprocket and chain support

The tension of mechanism 5 can keep the transmission of power between chain and the sprocket wheel reliable. Pull down or change mudwing: former bicycle mudguard is pulled down, be convenient to installing force sensor pressing sprocket 301

With chain supporting mechanism 5, special-purpose mudwing in case of necessity changes the outfit.

Chain supporting mechanism 5 is installed: as Fig. 5, its effect is the tensioning that keeps chain, its structure and pedal power

Sensor removes the structural similitude behind signal panel and the position transduser.Clamp 405 be enclosed within bicycle 1 after

Stick, tighten up with screw 406.One end of connecting rod 402 is enclosed within on the axle 404 of clamp 405, the other end

Tension wheel 401 is installed.The elastic force of spring 403 should be less than the spring in the pedal power sensor 300 303.

During state of nature, because the pressure of spring 303 is bigger, the sagging of epimere chain is main; When manpower to pedal

The time, the epimere chain is by stretching gradually, and this moment, the length of hypomere chain increased, and was installed on the connecting rod 402

Tension wheel 401 is owing to the top of using of spring 403, the tensioning that keeps chain. Adapter plate 2 is installed: this plate can be used the prior art manufacturing, its objective is the after-frame that is fixed on former bicycle

On, be convenient to the fast assembling-disassembling of actuating device, its structure is to the utility model did not influence, and the Therefore, omited is to it

The narration of structure.

The principle of work of pedal power sensor such as Fig. 4, when the unmanned masterpiece time spent, because chain is lax, pressing sprocket 301 is in extreme lower position under the effect of spring 303, along with the increase of the power of scrunching, chain is by progressively stretching, the position of pressing sprocket 301 along A to moving up.With drive link 302 coaxial rigid bonded assembly signal panels 305 be a sheetmetal, at the effect lower edge of power B to moving.Sensor in the sensor groups 306 can adopt hall device or photoelectric device, and its quantity is optionally, and present embodiment adopts 3 sensors.Along with moving of signal panel 306, senser element is triggered one by one, thereby sends the foot-operated force signal of classification to controller 317.

The position adjustment of the pressure of spring 303 and sensor groups 306 can determine the threshold value that motor is opened, and adjusting work carries out before product export.The principle of adjusting is: then first order force signal triggering of pedal power is arranged slightly, and during than large pedal power, the second order force signal triggering, when riding pedal power substantially, three grades of force signals trigger.In the present embodiment, be as the criterion with the bicycle with speed change not, with level road, the maximum pedal power of 12 kilometers of average speed per hours serves as to calculate the basis when calm, 20% triggers first order force signal, 50% triggers second order force signal, 80% and triggers three grades of force signals.

Since the people normally to pedal the time its foot-operated power be periodically variable, the effect that multistage force signal is set can keep electric boosted steadily, reduce the rush of current of electric motor starting to storage battery.The effect of force signals at different levels is in the present embodiment: the first order force signal is starter motor not, only determines the time-delay starting point of disable motor, so the falling edge of first order force signal is effective; The second order force signal is used for the pretrigger motor, and to reduce motor full voltage starting electric current, positive rise is effective, and its power supply voltage is 50～60% of a normal voltage; Three grades of force signals make motor provide driving with normal voltage, and positive rise is effective.As Fig. 6, L1 is the pedal power curve among the figure, and L2 is the force signal curve, and L3 is the motor power supply curve; S1, S2, S3 are respectively one-level, secondary, three grades of signal triggering districts; T is the late release time, and the signal via controller 317 that the length of T is provided by tachogen 308 resolves the back decision.

Another effect of first order force signal is that a lower threshold value is set, and is used to distinguish the residing various states of bicycle.State that is pushed over as normal riding condition, go-cart state, faulty condition, car etc.If do not establish the first order force signal, for example to pedal the time (speed of a motor vehicle is also very slow), push hand switch in very light foot-operated power, then may be mistaken as the go-cart state that is in.

Present embodiment adopts the resolve device of micro controller system as controller 317, controller internal frame diagram such as Fig. 7, present embodiment has adopted 16 the micro controller system U1 of 8794BH type in the MCS96 of the Intel Company series, mainly is to consider that this model includes PWM (pulse duration modulation output) function.Edge triggered flip flop wherein adopts common cmos device 4098.Because of 4098 every two univibrators are arranged, so need two U2, U3 altogether.Because motion, the cooresponding signal period of bicycle all are long, so select the external crystal oscillator of 8MHz in the present embodiment for use for micro controller system, corresponding micro controller system basic frequency is 2MHz, and existing enough fast speed is followed each road signal of inspection repeatedly.In the pedal power sensor, signal S1, the S2 of three position transdusers, S3 are shaped as one group of input port of trigging pulse (wherein the S1 falling edge is effective, and S2, S3 are that positive rise is effective) back input micro controller system respectively by edge triggered flip flop.The signal of tachogen 308 is as the built-in counting/timer of clock pulse input micro controller system, and n1 is the tachogen mouth.Hand switch K1 is a normally open push button switch, has only two kinds of signals of switching, as interrupt signal input micro controller system.Start pulse signal is stored in the trivial storage in real time, and tach signal is converted to the speed of a motor vehicle through counting machine and is stored in the register.The microprocessor of micro controller system resolves according to above-mentioned signal, provides power-assisted by power device (can adopt IGBT or VMOS equipower binistor) driving motor 313.Software is recently adjusted power supply voltage to motor by the duty of adjusting PWM.The hand switch signal changes the program that micro controller system is carried out in the mode of interrupting.The software of micro controller system divides two sections, and its flow chart is seen Fig. 8 and Fig. 9.The principle of implementing control is:

1) at power-assisted riding condition (criterion: there is the cyclic force signal in rotating speed＞0), when the speed of a motor vehicle just

During normal scope interior (for example 15km/h is following), motor provides total head to drive; When the speed of a motor vehicle in very fast scope

When interior (for example between the 15km/h to 18km/h), motor provides half to press driving; When the speed of a motor vehicle surpasses certain

During one safe limit (for example more than the 18km/h), motor stops power-assisted and drives.The journey that computing machine is carried out

Preface block diagram such as Fig. 8.The purpose of execution speed limitation standard is to provide enough power-assisteds to drive in low-speed range

Moving, and the speed of a motor vehicle is cut off power-assisted when too high and driven, need to slow down or lengthening braking during the parking situation in order to avoid run into

Distance.

2) at go-cart state (criterion: there is not the pedal power signal in rotating speed＞0, the hand switch connection),

When the speed of a motor vehicle (for example was lower than 5km/h) in normal range, motor provided the total head power-assisted to drive; Work as car

Speed is in very fast scope when (for example between the 5km/h to 10km/h), and motor provides half to press and drive; When

When the speed of a motor vehicle surpassed a certain safe limit (for example more than the 10km/h), motor stopped power-assisted and drives.Calculate

Flow chart such as Fig. 9 that machine is carried out, in fact, normal go-cart speed (people's the heavy burden speed of travel) is logical

Be everlasting below the 5km/h, and the effect of speed limit is set, will in NextState, illustrate.

3) electric walking state.Owing to be provided with hand switch, in fact the cyclist can not pedaled in the process of riding

Stretcher, and use hand switch order motor-driven bicycle.The controller function of present embodiment allows

Power-assisted under this state drives, but is provided with the strict speed restriction, mainly is to consider riding safety.Should

Computing machine is carried out under the state flow chart such as Fig. 9 are identical with the go-cart state.When microprocessor is found hand

When moving switch connection, seal the assisted pedal stroke program, press the program work of Fig. 9, but the speed of a motor vehicle of this moment is limit

In quite low scope, when surpassing restricted speed (as 10km/h), this car becomes voluntarily common

Car.In order to realize assist function, the cyclist must unclamp hand switch, and the electric walking state exchange is arrived

The power-assisted riding condition.

The tachogen 308 that present embodiment adopted can use sensors such as hall device or photoelectric device, is installed in driven wheel 4 next doors.When car moves, driven wheel 4 and bicycle rear coaxial rotation, the tooth of gear moves past the running surface of sensor, makes its pulse of sending equivalent amount, and the counting machine in this train of impulses via controller is handled, and converts the speed per hour value to and resolves usefulness for microprocessor.

The electrical motor 313 that present embodiment adopted is permanent magnet direct current motor, also can adopt brushless motor.This motor has harder drive performance, can increase driving torque automatically when rotating speed is low, helps waiting in climbing, against the wind situation to strengthen the driving power-assisted.

The storage battery 316 that present embodiment adopted is conventional storage battery.Be advisable with nickel-cadmium, nickel-hydrogen cell, the energy anharmonic ratio height of these two kinds of batteries can improve continual mileage when equal car weight.Also can adopt the colloid storage battery, but weight is bigger.

The charger 315 that present embodiment adopted utilizes civil power to be battery charge, belongs to existing mature technology.Consider the electrically-charged needs in strange land, should note its miniaturization and lightweight requirements during buying, and it is installed in the inside of actuating device 3.

The storage battery protecting device 314 that present embodiment adopted should have overcurrent, defencive function such as overheated, under-voltage, all adopts prior art, can be made into the independent protection device, also corresponding components and parts can be installed on the controller 317.

The isolator 310 that present embodiment adopted can adopt existing overrun.The simplest overriding clutch is the flywheel of bicycle, and complicated overriding clutch can adopt the isolator on the motorcycle starter.When electrical motor provided power-assisted to drive, because the rotating speed of masters improves, overriding clutch made power can be delivered on the wheel for providing mechanical connection between reducing gear 311 and the output gear 309; When electrical motor stopped to drive, passive side's rotating speed raise relatively, and overriding clutch is subjected to the reactive torque effect and cuts off deceleration wheel 311 and the mechanical connection of output between the wheel 309, prevents the electrical motor driving.

The isolator 310 that present embodiment adopted, another technical scheme is a magnetic clutch.Select conventional open type magnetic clutch for use, one group of the power supply of its coil is in parallel with electrical motor, and when electrical motor provided driving, magnetic clutch was connected, and during the electrical motor outage, magnetic clutch also disconnects; Another group of coil power supply is connected to car and rolls (needing to install a switch on car rolls), its effect is, during bicycle brake, mechanical connection between motor and the wheel is switched on, rotated by wheel drive motors this moment, one side mechanical energy converts electric energy to and charges a battery, and also can provide additional brake power on the other hand.The advantage of this scheme is to have increased the safety of riding, and is favourable to the protection of storage battery simultaneously, and shortcoming is to have increased external cabling, makes the dismounting more complicated of actuating device, and corresponding SCM program also need be changed.

Other parts that present embodiment adopted as gear, bearing, casing and attaching parts etc., all belong to mature technology, at this its structure are not carefully stated in addition.

The utility model has the advantage of: easy to use and practical.

Claims

1. bicycle electric work-saving device, comprise adapter plate (2), actuating device (3), driven wheel (4), chain supporting mechanism (5), and hand push button (6), it is characterized in that: the hand push button that is installed on ordinary bicycle (1) handlebar is connected with actuating device by lead, driven wheel is coaxial to be fixed on the rear wheel of ordinary bicycle, the chain supporting mechanism is fixed on the back vehicle frame of ordinary bicycle, adapter plate is fixed on the back vehicle frame of ordinary bicycle, actuating device is installed on the adapter plate, the pressing sprocket (301) of the pedal power sensor (300) in the actuating device is pressed in the top of cycle chain, tachogen (308) places the sidepiece of driven wheel, output gear (309) and driven wheel engagement.

2. bicycle electric work-saving device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described pedal power sensor (300) is by pressing sprocket (301), drive link (302), axle (304), bearing (307), spring (303), signal panel (305), position transduser group (306) is formed, axle and drive link, be rigidly connected between the signal panel, the axle by bearing installation on casing, an end that is enclosed within the spring on the axle is fixed on the casing, the other end is pressed on the drive link, and by pressing sprocket with the chain of ordinary bicycle to pressing down, when the strength that scrunches bicycle pedal when manpower changes, chain overcomes spring pressure and the degree that is straightened changes, the change in location that causes pressing sprocket, pass through drive link, axle changes the position of signal panel relatively, the position transduser group is triggered respectively by signal panel, converts the variation that scrunches strength to electric signal and sends controller (317) to by lead.