CN2311615Y

CN2311615Y - Waste gas turbine energy recovery apparatus for internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN2311615Y
Application number: CN 97213696
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张旭; 张国宣
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-04-16
Filing date: 1997-04-16
Publication date: 1999-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2007-04-16

Abstract

The utility model relates to a waste gas turbine energy recovery apparatus for an internal combustion engine. The utility model is characterized in that the inner part of a cylinder head of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine is respectively provided with an exhaust passage I and an exhaust passage II which are not communicated and also is provided with an exhaust valve I whose opening is positioned at a free exhaust stage and an exhaust valve II whose opening is positioned at a forced exhaust stage. The exhaust passage I is connected with a primary exhaust tube, and an exhaust turbine is arranged between the primary exhaust tube and a total exhaust tube. The output power of a turbine shaft is transferred to the crank shaft of the internal combustion engine through a speed reducer. The exhaust passage II is communicated with the total exhaust tube directly. With the recovery and utilization of the exhaust gas, the utility model causes the power and the economy of the internal combustion engine to be improved effectively, and the pollution and the noise to be reduced. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure and strong applicability.

Description

The internal-combustion engines exhaust turbine energy recycle device

The utility model relates to a kind of in order to improve power of IC engine and effective thermal efficiency, fuel-efficient internal combustion engine waste gas energy recovering device.

Internal-combustion engine is used widely as movable type or stationary power.But it is also consuming huge petroleum resources when becoming the power engine that industry, agricultural, transportation can not be default.The reduction of internal-combustion engine specific fuel consumption means the considerable savings to the energy.

As everyone knows, contain suitable energy in the exhaust heat of internal combustion engine, in non pressurized high speed internal-combustion engine, exhaust heat, petrol engine accounts for 35%-40%, and diesel engine accounts for 25%-40%.

Exhaust gas turbocharger internal combustion engine of the prior art, can the exhaust energy of internal-combustion engine be reclaimed, but, owing to use and constructional reason, be the boosting type internal-combustion engine because mechanical load and heat load increase simultaneously, need strengthen, and make motor complicated the motor critical piece, cost increases, and the compact internal combustion engine reliability also descends to some extent.Thereby, most of compact internal combustion engine (100KW is following) does not adopt this device, especially vehicle gasoline engine, for various reasons, mainly be that the petrol engine supercharging is except that causing that mechanical load, heat load and NOx discharging are increased, therefore the problems such as working speed decline, torque characteristics and dynamic performance variation that also have point of detonation adopt still less.

The purpose of this utility model is to avoid above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, a kind of unblown edition quartastroke engine exhaust energy recovering device is provided, by the recycling to exhaust energy, thereby the power and the Economy of raising internal-combustion engine reduce noxious gas emission.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions.

Structure characteristic of the present utility model is, in the cylinder head of the every cylinder of internal-combustion engine, offer two air outlet flues that do not communicate respectively---air outlet flue I and air outlet flue II, the free exhaust stage that is open at is set simultaneously, so that the outlet valve I that waste gas passes through from the air outlet flue I, setting is open at the forced exhaust stage, so that the outlet valve II that waste gas passes through from the air outlet flue II, each cylinder air outlet flue I inserts downtake pipe, between downtake pipe and the exhaust manifold, exhaust gas turbine is set, turbine shaft is connected with retarder, the retarder slow speed turbine stage is connected by belt with I. C. engine crankshaft front end belt pulley or directly connects, and described air outlet flue II directly communicates with total air escape pipe.

The utility model is that two cover exhaust gears with different period of exhaust are set in motor, the waste gas in free exhaust stage by the outlet valve I opened earlier through the air outlet flue I, send into the turbine work done by downtake pipe; The waste gas in forced exhaust stage by after the outlet valve II opened directly send into total air escape pipe through the air outlet flue II and discharge.Also discharge from the waste gas that turbine is discharged from total comb.Turbine returns power to bent axle by retarder, thereby realizes the recycling of exhaust energy.

The analysis showed that, utilize the 3%-8% of the recyclable total amount of heat of the utility model, can make the power about internal-combustion engine increase 10%-20%.In general, because the petrol engine exhaust energy is bigger than diesel engine, using effect is more obvious.The increasing of power, specific fuel consumption also descends relatively, fall can reach about 10%-20%, after engine power increases, can make engine operation in both economical zone again as far as possible, thereby more fuel-efficient, make the some points of the motor oil consumption in the total process of work also can decline, the motor specific mass also descends to some extent.Specific fuel consumption descends, and noxious gas emission reduces relatively, and noise reduces, and environmental pollution also alleviates thereupon.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model does not increase the mechanical load and the heat load of motor.And, because waste gas is discharged by two air outlet flues respectively, the heat load of outlet valve is decreased, thereby, needn't strengthen the main stressed member of motor.This makes and utilizes this device to improve more easy to existing motor.

Clear superiority of the present utility model also is simple in structure, and volume is little, and is easy to implement, can accomplish industrialized production fully.Its reliable operation, maintenance is convenient, and main frame is not produced adverse effect, is applicable to any area.

Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation.

Fig. 2 is another working state structure schematic representation of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is applied in main TV structure schematic representation on the internal-combustion engine for the utility model.

Fig. 4 is applied in left TV structure schematic representation on the internal-combustion engine for the utility model.

Fig. 5 is applied in plan structure schematic representation on the internal-combustion engine for the utility model.

Fig. 6 is the utility model outlet valve driving mechanism structure schematic representation.

Fig. 7 is another example structure schematic representation of the utility model outlet valve driving mechanism.

By the following examples, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the utility model is further described.

Embodiment 1:

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, in the cylinder head 1 of the every cylinder of internal-combustion engine, offer two air outlet flues that do not communicate respectively---air outlet flue (I) 2 and air outlet flue (II) 3, outlet valve (I) 4 is set simultaneously, outlet valve (I) 4 was opened in the free exhaust stage, so that the waste gas in free exhaust stage passes through (shown in Figure 1) from air outlet flue (I).Outlet valve (II) 5 is set, and outlet valve (II) 5 was opened in the forced exhaust stage, so that the waste gas in forced exhaust stage passes through (shown in Figure 2) from air outlet flue (II).Intake duct 11 and suction tude 22 among the figure all adopt prior art.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, air outlet flue (I) inserts downtake pipe 21, between downtake pipe and the exhaust manifold 6, exhaust gas turbine 7 is set, turbine shaft is connected with retarder 8, retarder 8 slow speed turbine stages are connected by belt 17 with I. C. engine crankshaft front end belt pulley 25 or directly connect, and air outlet flue (II) 3 directly communicates with total air escape pipe 6.Retarder 8 shown in the figure is fixed on the internal combustion (IC) engine airframe by support 23.Discharge waste gas through air outlet flue (I) 2 with certain pressure, by downtake pipe 21, at first impulse turbine 7 works done, enter exhaust manifold 6 subsequently, the waste gas that the air outlet flue of each cylinder (II) 3 is discharged also enters exhaust manifold 6 by menifold, these two strands of waste gas all enter silencing apparatus by exhaust manifold 6 and enter atmosphere, such piping layout not only pipeline is succinct, and, because the waste gas of discharging from turbine still has suitable speed, air outlet flue (II) to each cylinder has pumping action, helps waste gas in each cylinder of emptying.

As Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and shown in Figure 5, as required, can between exhaust gas turbine 7 and retarder 8, increase safety clutch 10 is set, can adopt drivign belt 17 to carry out transmission between the output shaft upper belt pulley 24 of retarder 8 and the crankshaft front end belt pulley 25, also directly transmission.

Referring to Fig. 6, outlet valve in the present embodiment (I) 4 and outlet valve (II) 5 adopt the overhead cam distribution device, this mechanism is provided with tappet 19 in valve stem tip, cam and tappet (19) plane contact, corresponding every cylinder has exhaust cam exhaust cam (I) 27 and the exhaust cam (II) 28 of two different exhaust phase places on camshaft 12, camshaft 12 ends connect firmly timing gear 13, and timing gear 13 are by Toothed belt 14 and 15 engagements of crankshaft front end gear.

When bent axle rotated, crankshaft front end gear 15 drove timing gear 13 by Toothed belt 14, and timing gear 13 make the corresponding thereupon rotation of camshaft 12, made each exhaust cam control outlet valve (I) and outlet valve (II) keying respectively by the rule of setting thus.In the present embodiment, by exhaust cam (I) 27 control outlet valves (I) 4, by exhaust cam (II) 28 control outlet valves (II) 5.The driving mechanism of suction valve 26 correspondingly is subjected to intake cam 29 controls.What present embodiment adopted is direct drive-type, in addition, also can adopt swing-arm type and rocking arm type driving mechanism, and different is to be to join by swing arm or rocking arm between valve stem tip and the cam with direct drive-type.

Implement the four stroke engine of this device, its intake stroke, compression stroke are the same with common non pressurized quartastroke engine, when piston during at expansion stroke, 40-80 degree Before Bottom Dead Center, outlet valve (I) is opened, the waste gas with certain pressure that is in the free exhaust stage promptly pours the turbine work done through outlet valve (I), and this part combustion gas accounts for the major part of total gas quantity.5 spend after bottom dead center about 20 degree Before Bottom Dead Center, outlet valve (II) is opened, subsequently, waste gas is discharged simultaneously from air outlet flue (I), air outlet flue (II), outlet valve (I) after bottom dead center 30 the degree-80 the degree close, at this moment, waste gas can only be discharged from air outlet flue (II), outlet valve (II) is closed by the conventional phase place of general motor, closes at intake stroke atdc 10-30 degree usually.Say that in principle outlet valve (I) is just closed after the free exhaust stage finishes, to give full play to exhaust energy, for different types, the keying phase place of outlet valve (I) and outlet valve (II) is also different, needs by calculating and testing preferred.

Turbine is subjected to back blast and rotates acting, power is directly passed to retarder or passes to retarder again by safety clutch, retarder reduces to the high rotating speed of turbine within 3 times of speed of crankshaft, drive the crankshaft front end belt pulley by belt again, or directly be connected by gear with crankshaft front end and carry out transmission, finished exhaust energy with the turbine recovery and returned process to bent axle.

Embodiment 2:

Referring to Fig. 7, different is with the foregoing description, outlet valve in the present embodiment (I) 4 and outlet valve (II) 5 adopt the underlying cam valve train, valve stem tip and rocking arm 16 are joined in this mechanism; rocking arm 16 the other ends and push rod 18 join; push rod 18 inserts in the tappet 19; tappet 19 planes contact with cam; camshaft 12 corresponding every cylinders have the exhaust cam of two different exhaust phase places; comprise exhaust cam (I) 27 and exhaust cam (II) 28; connect firmly timing gear 13 on the camshaft, mesh between timing gear 13 and the crankshaft front end gear 15 or directly, or by carrier gear 20 transmissions.

When bent axle rotates, crankshaft front end gear driven timing gear, the timing gear drive cam shaft, axle overhead cam control tappet, pushrod movement, thus the control rocking arm reaches the purpose of control outlet valve motion.The driving mechanism of suction valve correspondingly.Corresponding with the foregoing description, by exhaust cam (I) 27 control outlet valves (I) 4, by exhaust cam (II) 28 control outlet valves (II) 5.The driving mechanism of suction valve 26 correspondingly is subjected to intake cam 29 controls.

For every cylinder four valves (two advance and two rows) motor, can use two timing gear, two camshaft assemblies and corresponding tappet and push rod wait to be controlled, and also can adopt a camshaft and relevant part to control.

For every cylinder three valve (advances two rows) motor, can adopt that timing gear, camshaft drive tappet, push rod is controlled.Also can adopt two camshafts to control.

This device utilizes air outlet flue (I) to link to each other with turbine and reclaims exhaust energy, what utilized is the exhaust pulses energy, and air outlet flue (II) has the exhaust characteristics of non-supercharged engine, substantially do not increase exhaust back pressure, influence to motor work itself can be ignored, make motor on the basis that keeps original work characteristics, improved complete machine power.And, high load, high rotating speed situation, effect is obvious more.

Claims

1, a kind of internal-combustion engines exhaust turbine energy recycle device, feature is, in the cylinder head (1) of the every cylinder of internal-combustion engine, offer two air outlet flues that do not communicate respectively---air outlet flue I (2) and air outlet flue II (3), the free exhaust stage that is open at is set simultaneously, so that the outlet valve I (4) that waste gas passes through from air outlet flue I (2), setting is open at the forced exhaust stage, so that the outlet valve II (5) that waste gas passes through from air outlet flue II (3), each cylinder air outlet flue I (2) inserts downtake pipe (21), between downtake pipe (21) and the exhaust manifold (6), exhaust gas turbine (7) is set, turbine shaft is connected with retarder (8), retarder (8) slow speed turbine stage is connected by belt (17) with I. C. engine crankshaft front end belt pulley (25) or directly connects, and described air outlet flue II (3) directly communicates with total air escape pipe (6).

2, internal-combustion engines exhaust turbine energy recycle device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described outlet valve I (4) and outlet valve II (5) adopt the overhead cam distribution device, this mechanism is provided with tappet (19) in valve stem tip, cam and tappet plane contact, go up exhaust cam I (27) and the exhaust cam II (28) that corresponding every cylinder has two different exhaust phase places at camshaft (12), camshaft (12) end connects firmly timing gear (13), and timing gear (13) are by Toothed belt (14) and crankshaft front end gear (15) engagement.

3, internal-combustion engines exhaust turbine energy recycle device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described outlet valve I (4) and outlet valve II (5) adopt the underlying cam valve train, valve stem tip and rocking arm (16) are joined in this mechanism; rocking arm (16) the other end and push rod (18) join; push rod (18) inserts in the tappet (19); tappet (19) plane contacts with cam; the corresponding every cylinder of camshaft (12) has the exhaust cam of two different exhaust phase places; comprise exhaust cam I (27) and exhaust cam II (28); connect firmly timing gear (13) on the camshaft; mesh between timing gear (13) and the crankshaft front end gear (15) or directly, or by carrier gear (20) engagement.