CN2310993Y

CN2310993Y - Perforating bullet quality gamma-ray testing apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN2310993Y
Application number: CN 96209472
Authority: CN
Inventors: 史慧生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-05-17
Filing date: 1996-05-17
Publication date: 1999-03-17
Anticipated expiration: 2006-05-17

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device utilizing gamma-ray scattering technology to detect the quality of petroleum perforating charges. The utility model comprises a radiation source, a detector, a guidance system, an autorotation system, a signal processing system, a data reduction system and a result output system. The utility model is characterized in that the radiation source is arranged in a tapered cavity of an explosive charge to be examined, a radiation source window is opposite to the inner surface of an explosive charge liner, and the detector is arranged at the opening of an explosive charge to receive the gamma ray scatterly radiated from an examined infinitesimal. By comparing the gamma-ray scattering intensity of n points on a circumference at a certain height of the liner, the reasonableness of the mass distribution of the liner, the coaxial degree of the liner explosive charges, etc. can be judged, and a scientific and reasonable conclusion of the mass of explosive charges can be drawn based on the judgement.

Description

Penetrate the gamma-rays pick-up unit of bullet quality

The utility model relates to a kind of device with gamma ray scattering technology for detection petroleum perforation charge quality, specifically radioactive source is placed in the conical cavity of perforating bullet, the gamma-rays that radioactive source is emitted is beaten on the inside surface of perforating bullet cavity liner, by gamma-ray scattering strength on the more different check points, draw the distribution of metal powder on the cavity liner, situations such as the whole right alignment of perforating bullet, and then judge the cannot-harm-detection device of perforating bullet quality good or not, belong to the G01V5/12 class.

When petroleum prospecting and oil recovery, to carry out drilling well and running casing earlier to the oil field as shown in Figure 1, again using cement stabilization between sleeve pipe and the stratum, usually also cry " well cementation ", then the perforating gun that perforating bullet is housed is lowered to appropriate depth in the sleeve pipe, makes perforating bullet detonation perforation between tube wall and oil reservoir that explosive is housed, the perforating bullet device as shown in Figure 2, be by shell case, explosive and cumulative cavity liner are formed.Facts have proved that perforating quality (hole depth, aperture and pollution-free) is very big to the oil and gas production relation in oil field, often is referred to as " going for goal shot " on the football field.And perforating quality is decided by the perforating bullet quality, the utilization of perforating bullet perforation be " cavity effect ", it is to the symmetry of perforating bullet, coherence request is very high.And in China, the perforating bullet of dress powdered metal liner is started late, and production technology falls behind, and the detection means of not having science, cause a large amount of perforating bullets inferior to flow into the oil field, and the oil field does not have scientific methods and the quality of perforating bullet is differentiated the result is the low-level low-quality hole of launching out, oil productivity is descended, unnecessary loss has been suffered in the oil field, has to sometimes penetrate again, dead chick, have in addition cause fried rifle, damage serious accidents such as underground equipment, cause enormous economic loss to country.For perforating bullet inferior being carried out necessary restriction, country has set up perforating bullet quality testing center in grand celebration, method is to carry out destructive perforation experiment, [two annual tests once, 3000 of single samples, from wherein arbitrarily taking out 250, perforation on special target does conclusion for the quality of perforating bullet with the result's (hole depth, aperture, pollution condition are promptly mobile) who practices shooting again].Such detection is costly, exhaust the people and drain the treasury, coverage that the more important thing is sampling is too little, can't guarantee to pour in every year the quality of millions of transmitting aperture bullets in oil field at all, therefore, develop the cannot-harm-detection device of a kind of science, make the oil field before using, can carry out detecting to the quality of perforating bullet,, become the important topic of ours in front to guarantee to go into the well the perforating bullet performance.The result of theory and practice proves that powdered metal liner is the key of decision perforating bullet quality in the perforating bullet, is " heart " of perforating bullet.The homogeneity that metal powder on the cavity liner distributes, the right alignment of symmetry and equipment back cavity liner and body etc. are to the quality decisive role of perforating bullet.

The utility model is exactly the key at this decision perforating bullet quality of cavity liner, provide a kind of with metal powder distribution situation on the low-energy scattering technology check cavity liner, and the right alignment of equipment back cavity liner and body, and then the cannot-harm-detection device that the perforating bullet quality is judged, it can make us do less, even do not do the destructive perforation experiment that expends a large amount of manpowers, fund, select quality product rapidly easily, eliminate perforating bullet inferior, guarantee the high and stable yields in oil field with this.

The utility model is to realize like this, a kind of the cannot-harm-detection device, comprise the radioactive source system, tested perforating bullet, detector, guidance system, automatic rotating system, signal processing system and output system as a result, be characterized in that radioactive source places in the conical cavity of tested perforating bullet inside, the radioactive source window is relative with perforating bullet cavity liner inside surface, angle between radioactive source axis and cavity liner normal greater than 0 ° less than 60 °, detector places the oral area of tested perforating bullet, probe is towards the cavity liner inside surface, the detector axis becomes the φ angle with the radioactive source axis, the φ angle is greater than 60 °, less than 120 °.Radioactive isotope adopts low energy americium 241 sources, is the plane source of band colimated light system, and the radioactive source window is circle or rectangle.

Detector adopts flash of light sodium iodide probe or Geiger tube, tested perforating bullet is placed on the clamper, clamper and radioactive source base are coaxial staggered relatively, the overcoat orienting sleeve, the three is coaxial, can slide mutually, and the power machine of automatic rotating system adopts stepper motor, this device can adopt tested perforating bullet of stepper motor band and clamper to rotate together, and radioactive source is motionless; Also can adopt stepper motor band radioactive source to rotate, and tested perforating bullet and clamper are motionless.

Owing to adopted such scheme, the utility model petroleum perforation charge quality gamma-rays pick-up unit places radioactive source in the conical cavity of perforating bullet, the gamma-rays that sends from the radioactive source window is all beaten on the tested infinitesimal of cavity liner inside surface like this, because gamma-rays has very strong corpuscular property, when it passes cavity liner, will with metal powder atomic collision in the cavity liner, scattering takes place, its scattering strength is directly proportional with atomic quantity on the cavity liner just and is directly proportional with the density (or thickness) of metal powder on the cavity liner, in addition, the testing result of scattering strength also arrives the distance dependent of tested infinitesimal with the source, because radioactive source base and tested perforating bullet body and clamper three are coaxial, be enclosed in the orienting sleeve again, to guarantee in whole inspection then in the process, the three is always coaxial, so the variation of this distance reflection is the right alignment of equipment back cavity liner and body, promptly on any one section perpendicular to axle, cavity liner, whether powder charge and body three be concentric.And above upward aspects influences the most important Several Factors of perforating quality just.This sample device is by detecting on the perforating bullet cavity liner the gamma-ray scattering degree of some points on a certain circumference, draws mass distribution situation on the cavity liner and the whole right alignment of perforating bullet etc., and then the perforating bullet quality made the rational judgement of science.This device has been avoided wasting manpower and material resources and fund in the past, and the destruction perforation experiment of very big danger is arranged again, and perforating bullet has been realized fast and convenient Non-Destructive Testing.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the utility model is elaborated.

Fig. 1 is the oil well synoptic diagram of petroleum prospecting and oil recovery

Fig. 2 is a common petroleum perforating bullet structural representation

Fig. 3 is that perforating bullet is ignited the metal jet synoptic diagram of back with the certain speed ejection

Fig. 4 is the utility model perforating bullet quality gamma-rays pick-up unit synoptic diagram

Fig. 5 is the placement and the structural representation of the radioactive source of the utility model application

Fig. 6 is the guidance system synoptic diagram of the utility model perforating bullet quality gamma-rays pick-up unit

Fig. 7 is the partial devices synoptic diagram that the utility model radioactive source rotates, tested perforating bullet is static

Shown in Figure 1, when petroleum recovering, be to running casing behind the oil drilling 1, again reinforcing with cement mantle 2 between sleeve pipe 1 and the stratum 3, then shot gun 5 is packed in the perforating gun 4 into appropriate depth in the following insertion sleeve pipe 1.The perforating bullet structure as shown in Figure 2, after the shot gun 5 that explosive 502 is housed is ignited in perforating gun 4, powder charge 502 detonations produce the atmospheric high pressure of hundreds of thousands, from around press to the cavity liner 503 that is set in the hollow charge inside surface, therefore cavity liner collapses to the center and collapses, collision forms the metal jet of high-speed motion on axis, as shown in Figure 3.The quality of the jet of this high-speed motion (high-speed, consistent, continuously) is determining the effect (hole depth, aperture, hole wall is pollution-free) of perforation and the quality of this jet is by the right alignment decision of the homogeneity symmetry of cavity liner and perforating bullet integral body.

Fig. 4 is embodiment one of the present utility model, is characterized in that radioactive source system 6 places in the conical cavity of tested perforating bullet 5, and radioactive source window 603 is in the face of cavity liner 503 inside surfaces of tested perforating bullet 5.Detector 7 places the oral area of perforating bullet 5, and the probe face 701 of detector 7 is facing to cavity liner 503 inside surfaces, and the axis of detector 7 becomes the Φ angle with the axis of radioactive source 6, and the Φ angle is greater than 60 °, less than 120 °.What radioactive source was used here is americium 241 plane sources, detector 7 adopts the power machine of sodium iodide flash of light probe (or Geiger counter tube) rotating part to adopt stepper motor 901, by controller 902 controls, carry out equal angles A and isochronic interval t rotation, stepper motor 901 drives tested perforating bullet 5 and clamper 803 rotates together, clamper 803 and radioactive source base 802 are enclosed in the orienting sleeve 801, the three is coaxial, clearance fit, can slide mutually, constant with the distance that guarantees 7 of radioactive source system 6 in the measuring process, tested perforating bullet 5 and detectors.Detection method is that 360 ° of weeks of perforating bullet are divided into N part, and it all is A that every part of angle equates, and A=360 °/N.Every portion is a check point, and each some detection time is identical, all is t, detect points N and every detection time and all reserve in advance, go into, detect from the optional position by computer keyboard, t is after second for process, first detection finishes, and stepper motor turns over the A angle, begins to detect second point, analogize later on, all examined up to N point, the Computer Processing result provides conclusion then.This device testing process is full automatic, and generally be no more than 90 seconds total detection time.In this device, the stepper motor 901 tested perforating bullets 5 of drive and the clamper 803 that revolve system 9 automatically rotate together, are activity branch promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government.Radioactive source system 6 and detector 7 are contained among the orienting sleeve 801, are fixture.

Fig. 7 is embodiment two of the present utility model, is characterized in stepper motor 901 band radioactive source systems 6 detectors 7, and radioactive source base 802 rotates together, and these several is movable part.And among detected perforating bullet 5 and the clamper 803 dress orienting sleeves 801, be fixture.The structure of present embodiment other parts with require basic consistently with embodiment one, the perforating bullet that present embodiment is bigger to detection (diameter＞50 millimeter) is more suitable.

Claims

1, a kind of perforating bullet quality gamma-rays pick-up unit, comprise tested perforating bullet 5, radioactive source system 6, detector 7, guidance system 8, automatic rotating system 9, signal processing system 10 and data preparation and output system 11 as a result, it is characterized in that: radioactive source system 6 places in the conical cavity of tested perforating bullet 5, detector 7 places the oral area of perforating bullet 5, test surface 701 is towards the inside surface of perforating bullet cavity liner 503, the relative position that radioactive source system 6 and detected perforating bullet are 5 is examined the change of position and is finished by automatic rotating system 9 by guidance system 8 controls in the perforating bullet.

2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the coordination rope in the radioactive source 601 adopts the americium 241 that can emit low-energy, and radioactive source 601 is a plane source, and colimated light system 602 is housed, and window 603 is circle or rectangle.

3, device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: radioactive source system 6 places in the cavity of tested perforating bullet 5, and radioactive source window 603 is towards the inside surface of cavity liner 503, the normal I angle of the axis of radioactive source system 6 and cavity liner 503, the I angle is greater than 0 °, less than 60 °.

4, device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: detection device 7 places the oral area of detected perforating bullet 5, and detector probe surface 701 is towards the inside surface of cavity liner 503, and the axis of detector 7 becomes the φ angle with the axis of radioactive source system 6, the φ angle is less than 120 °, greater than 60 °.

5, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the orienting sleeve 801 in the guidance system 8 is enclosed within outside radioactive source base 802 and the tested perforating bullet clamper 803, and the three is coaxial, clearance fit between the three, slidably.

6, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the stepper motor 901 of automatic rotating system 9 drives tested perforating bullet 5 and clamper 803 rotates together, and be movable part: radioactive source system 6 detectors 7 are contained within the orienting sleeve 801, are fixture.

7, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the stepping of automatic rotating system 9 goes out machine 901 and drives radioactive source system 6, and detector 7 and radioactive source base 802 rotate together, are movable part; And clamper 803 tested perforating bullets 5 are contained within the orienting sleeve 801, are fixture.