CN2288412Y - Full-automatic exploder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a full-automatic exploder used for the underground of the coal mine. An electronic millisecond switch, a lockout circuit, etc. are additionally arranged on the utility model on the basis of the charging principle of the existing capacitance exploder. The discharging time of less than four ms can be accurately realized by the utility model, and the utility model has automatic charging capacity determination function according to size of the load and the interlock functions for the under voltage of the battery and the overloaded load. The utility model avoids the danger of the gas-and-dust explosion and avoids the fast shot, having the advantage of simple operation. The explosion can be done only by pushing a button.

Description

Full-automatic exploder

This exploder belongs to the initiating equipment of the electric cap that detonates under the coal mine.

Generally use capacitor blasting machine when coal road, half coal road driving and coal-face are blown out under coal mine, take to such an extent that measure is: 1. fiberglass flameproof enclosure in order to prevent to cause coal dust gas explosion, this exploder; 2. mechanical ms switch; 3. the control power-on time is no more than 6 milliseconds.Though take above measure, but still do not satisfy requirement of explosion proof, its reason is: 1. after component wear, the tired consumptive disease, power-on time surpasses 6 milliseconds to the mechanical type ms switch after use a period of time, has reached the time of coal dust watt phase ignition; 2. the momentum that ignites is less than normal, is generally 15--18 peace side millisecond, and ignite 2 times of momentum of not enough electric cap do not guarantee 100% ignition electric cap; Also have following not enough in addition: can not cause blown-out shot during undercharge easily, the excessive unnecessary waste that causes again of charging according to the size of the big or small charge volume of control automatically that connects load (electric cap); 2. can't detect short circuit, overload, the open circuit conditions of load, detonate, easily cause blown-out shot because of blindly charging in the case; 3. the workman wants skewer to go into the switch key when blowing out, and rotates in side charging earlier, rotates in the opposite side discharge, in case undercharge causes blown-out shot easily, and operation is complicated.

The purpose of this utility model is the above-mentioned shortcoming that overcomes existing capacitor blasting machine, and that designs a kind of electronics ms switch formula can be according to loading condition control automatically, the full-automatic exploder of easy operating.

Structure of the present utility model such as accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2.It by known explosion-proof tool housing (1), binding post (2), blow out button (3) and inner electronic component and formed.Also have charging indication under-voltage indicator tube of neon big gun (4) (5) and overload indicator tube (6) in addition on the shell.Wherein comprise direct current--exchange conversion, rectification, the charging of existing exploder in the circuit, the electronics of accumulator and characteristic prescribe a time limit the ms switch circuit, blow out turning circuit, voltage comparator circuit, exclusive circuit etc.

Accompanying drawing 1 is that outward appearance layout drawing of the present utility model, accompanying drawing 2 are electrical schematic diagrams of the present utility model.

The under-voltage indicator tube 6--overload of 1--shell 2--binding post 3--button 4--neon bulb 5--indicator tube among the figure.

In Fig. 2, its circuit arrangement principle is as follows:

One, direct current one exchange conversion, boost, rectification, charging accumulator, this circuit is by triode BG ₁, BG ₂Coil N ₁, N ₃, diode D _1-2, capacitor C _1-2, and resistance R ₂, R ₃The charging circuit that neon bulb N forms is formed; This circuit is the basic circuit of existing exploder, no longer describes in detail.

Two, voltage comparator circuit is made up of voltage comparator LM339 and peripheral circuit, and peripheral circuit has:

1. produce the reference data voltage U ₂The loop, this loop is by R ₁₃, R ₁₄Series connection and W ₂Form, contact is connected in LM ₃₃₉7th, 8 pin, two are terminated at power positive cathode.

2. produce the under-voltage U of indication ₁The loop, this loop is by R ₁₁, R ₁₂Be connected to power positive cathode after the series connection, two resistance contacts are connected to LM ₃₃₉The 9th pin;

3. produce external load voltage U at random ₄Circuit, this circuit is by diode D _7-8, triode BG ₅, resistance R ₁₅, R ₁₆, R ₁₇Form, diode cathode connects the charge circuit negative pole, and positive pole meets BG ₅The e utmost point, BG ₅The C utmost point is through resistance R ₁₇Ground connection, the b utmost point one tunnel is through R ₁₅Meet LM ₃₃₉6th, 10 pin and U ₄Contact, another road is through R ₁₆Ground connection;

4. produce indication and blow out the circuit of voltage U 3, this circuit is by the coil N on the B ₄, diode D3, capacitor C 3, resistance R ₄, R ₅Composition, coil N ₄, diode D ₃, R ₄, R ₅Form the loop and connect power supply V negative pole, capacitor C in the parallel connection ₃, U ₃Contact meets LM ₃₃₉The 11st pin.

Three, the electronics ms switch circuit of prescribing a time limit is by controllable silicon CT ₂, voltage-stabiliser tube W ₁, capacitor C ₄, resistance R ₈Form controllable silicon CT ₂Both positive and negative polarity is connected to the charge power supply loop line, and its conducting utmost point meets C ₄, R ₈Contact, C ₄, W ₁Parallel connection and R ₈Be connected to the charge power supply loop after the connection.

Four, blow out the actuating switch circuit, by controllable silicon CT ₁, resistance R ₆, R ₇, R ₁₀, triode BG ₄, diode D ₆Form; Controllable silicon CT ₁, R ₆Be serially connected with charging circuit D _1-2With binding post X ₂Between, CT ₁The conducting utmost point meet triode BG ₄The C utmost point, BG ₄E utmost point ground connection, BG ₄The b utmost point is through diode D ₆Meet LM ₃₃₉The 13rd pin, and through R ₁₀Ground connection forms the loop.

Five, exclusive circuit is by three contact relay J, triode BG ₃, diode D ₄, D ₅, light emitting diode D ₉, D ₁₀, resistance R ₉Form the J of relay J _1-1Two contacts, one termination BG ₃The e utmost point and battery V negative pole, other end ground connection, BG ₃C utmost point ground connection, the b utmost point pass through R ₉Ground connection and through D ₄Meet LM ₃₃₉The 1st pin; The J of relay J _2-2Contact one is terminated at BG ₁, BG ₂The e collection, other end ground connection; The J of relay J _3-3Contact one end one tunnel is through Light-Emitting Diode D ₉Meet LM ₃₃₉The 14th pin, another road is through luminous tube D ₁₀Meet LM ₃₃₉The 1st pin, other end ground connection, in addition, voltage comparator LM ₃₃₉12 pin connect power cathode, 3 pin ground connection.

Describe the circuit working principle below in detail: when at binding post X ₁, X ₂On connect load (electric cap) after, just begin the charging blow out.Press the button A this moment, three kinds of states will occur:

1, when the voltage of battery V is lower than operating voltage, U ₂Greater than U ₁, voltage comparator LM ₃₃₉The 14th pin electronegative potential, diode D ₉The luminous indication of conducting is under-voltage, diode BG ₃Because of V _bNot conducting of electronegative potential, not adhesive of relay J this moment, exploder does not shake work.Therefore avoided the under-voltage blown-out shot problem that causes of blowing out.

2, when external load (electric cap) overloads, U ₄Greater than U ₂, comparator LM ₃₃₉The 1st pin electronegative potential, diode D ₁₀The luminous indication overload of conducting, triode BG ₃Because of the low not conducting of Vb, not adhesive of relay J, exploder does not shake work, having avoided this moment overload to blow out the blown-out shot that causes.

3, when cell voltage abundance and external load (electric cap) are up to specification, U ₁＞U ₂, U ₂＞U ₄, comparator LM ₃₃₉The 14th pin and the 1st pin are high potential, diode D ₉, D ₁₀Not conducting lamp does not work, shows normal, triode BG ₃Conducting, relay J adhesive, contact point J _1-1, J _2-2Closed, J _3-3Disconnect, oscillating circuit produces concussion, N ₃Produce induction of high frequency voltage through diode D _1-2Rectification is to C _1-2The charging energy storage; N ₄Produce induction of high frequency voltage through diode D ₃Rectification is to capacitor C ₃Charging.Work as capacitor C ₃Reach certain voltage value V ₃＞V ₄The time, comparator LM ₃₃₉The 13rd pin is a high potential.Diode D ₆, triode BG ₄Forward conduction triggers controllable silicon CT ₁Conducting, main capacitance C at this moment _1-2Externally live detonator discharge is ignited electric cap and is blown out successfully.

At C _1-2In the discharge process, simultaneously through resistance R ₈To capacitor C ₄Charging is when being charged to controllable silicon CT ₂Conducting voltage the time (when reaching the power-on time of restriction) CT ₂Conducting; Capacitor C _1-2Electric current through CT ₂Short circuit discharges, and stops the power supply to electric cap, has guaranteed the power-on time of 2-4ms, and the high-voltage spark that power supply causes to detonator when having avoided long reaches the purpose of safety fire cracker.

At C _1-2In the charging process, because of U ₄Be that size with load changes, if the few resistance hour U of external detonator ₄Just little, as long as U ₂＞U ₄Just shift to an earlier date conducting controllable silicon CT ₁Detonator is discharged; That is to say, to capacitor C _1-2Charging voltage be with the quantity of external detonator what and levelling voluntarily, avoided the expense electricity problem of existing exploder " low load with strong power ".

The utility model has following advantage: 1. adopted the electronics ms switch, guaranteed the requirement of 2-4ms discharge time, solved inaccurate problem of mechanical type ms switch time, avoided the danger of coal dust watt phase blast under the coal mine; 2. the networking blocking function is arranged, and when the cell voltage deficiency, when detonator too much overloaded, exploder did not shake work, had avoided blindly operating the blown-out shot that causes; 3. the momentum that ignites is big, can adjust charging voltage (charging interval) voluntarily according to what of detonator, guarantees whole bangers and saves energy.4. simple to operate, normally can blow out as long as press the button circuit, realized full-automation.

When link figure implements, according to the size of design voltage and the withstand voltage of element, capacitor C _1-2, diode D _1-2, D _7-8Available series connection more than two.

Claims (2)

1. play the full-automatic exploder of coal electric cap under the coal mine, it by the pairs of posts on explosion-resistant enclosure, the shell, blow out button and inner institutes such as components and parts and constitute; In the circuit that components and parts are formed, comprising:

1.1 the AC/DC conversion, boost, rectification, charging accumulator; This circuit is by power supply V triode BG ₁, BG ₂, coil N ₁, N ₃The oscillating circuit, the rectifying tube D that form _1-2, the accumulate capacitor C _1-2And resistance R ₂, R ₃The charging display circuit that neon big gun N forms is formed jointly; Also comprise characteristic:

1.2 voltage comparator circuit, this circuit is by four voltage comparator LW ₃₃₉And peripheral circuit composition, wherein LW ₃₃₉The 12nd pin connect power supply V negative pole, the 1st pin ground connection, peripheral circuit has:

1.2.1 produce the loop of reference data voltage U 2, this loop is by R ₁₃, W ₂Back in parallel and R ₁₄Series connection, two ends connect the both positive and negative polarity of power supply V respectively, and intermediate contact is connected to LW ₃₃₉The 7.8th pin;

1.2.2 produce under-voltage U ₁The loop, this loop is by R ₁₁, R ₁₂Both positive and negative polarity by power supply V, the intermediate contact of series connection meet LW ₃₉₉The 9th pin;

1.2.3 produce external load voltage U at random ₄Circuit, this circuit by diode D _7-8, triode BG ₅, R ₁₅, R ₁₆, R ₁₇Form D _7-8Negative pole connects the charging circuit negative pole, and anodal a road through BG ₅The C-e utmost point, R ₁₇Ground connection, another road is through R ₁₅, meet BG ₅The b utmost point again through R ₁₆Ground connection one the tunnel meets LM again ₃₃₉6th, 10 pin;

1.2.4 produce and to blow out comparative voltage U ₃Circuit, this circuit is by the coil N of transformer B ₄, diode D ₃, R ₄, R ₅Form the loop and connect power supply V negative pole, capacitor C in the parallel connection of loop ₃, U ₃Contact meets LM ₃₃₉The 11st pin;

The ms switch circuit 1.3 electronics is prescribed a time limit, this circuit is by controllable silicon CT ₂, voltage-stabiliser tube W ₁, capacitor C ₄, resistance R ₈Form, wherein CT ₂Positive and negative polarities and charge power supply form loop, CT ₂Conducting by R ₈, C ₄Decision;

1.4 blow out the actuating switch circuit, this circuit is by controllable silicon CT ₁, resistance R ₆, R ₇, R ₁₀, triode BG ₄, diode D ₆Form, wherein CT ₁, R ₆Be serially connected with and blow out positive source C _1-2And between the binding post X2, the CT1 conducting utmost point meets BG ₄The C utmost point, BG ₄E utmost point ground connection, BG ₄The b utmost point through D ₆Meet LM ₃₃₉The 13rd pin and through R ₁₀Ground connection;

1.5 exclusive circuit, this circuit is by three contact relay J, triode BG ₃, diode D ₄, D ₅, luminous tube D ₉, D ₁₀, resistance R ₉Form, wherein:

1.5.1 the J of relay J _1-1Normally opened contact one termination BG ₃The e utmost point and power supply V negative pole, another termination BG ₃The c utmost point and ground connection, BG ₃The b utmost point one be through R ₉Ground connection, the 2nd, through D ₄Meet LM ₃₃₉The 1st pin, the 3rd, through D ₅Meet LM ₃₃₉The 14th pin;

1.5.2 the J of relay J _2-2Normally opened contact one termination BG ₁, BG ₂The e utmost point, other end ground connection;

1.5.3 the J of relay J _3-3Normally-closed contact one end one tunnel is through D ₉Meet LM ₃₃₉The 14th pin, another road are through D ₁₀Meet LM ₃₃₉The 1st pin, other end ground connection;

2. full-automatic exploder as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that diode D _1-2, D _7-8, capacitor C _1-2Can carry out plural series connection according to the requirement of design voltage and the withstand voltage of element.

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