CN2284497Y

CN2284497Y - Grain threshing and cleaning device

Info

Publication number: CN2284497Y
Application number: CN 97203592
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金承烈; 范汉清
Original assignee: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences
Current assignee: Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Sciences
Priority date: 1997-04-18
Filing date: 1997-04-18
Publication date: 1998-06-24
Anticipated expiration: 2007-04-18

Abstract

The utility model provides a grain threshing and winnowing device which is characterized in that a threshing part is composed of a rolling cylinder (3), lattice concave board (1), grain baffle board (2) and a guide board (6) arranged on an upper cover board, a combined tooth is arranged on the rolling cylinder (3), and the lattice concave board (1) under the rolling cylinder (3) is provided with at least one grain baffle board (2); a winnowing part is composed of a vibration swing wide type winnowing sieve (8), a fan (14) and a vent passage, and a rethreshing device is composed of a rethreshing winnower (12) and an impurity anger (10) at the same axis with the rethreshing winnower (12); the utility model has the advantages of small size, small vibration, big processing grain capability, little power consumption and good winnowing effect.

Description

A kind of grain threshing cleaning plant

Generally to dispose threshing, selecting device on the suspension type cereal harvesting machinery.The threshing selecting device of existing suspension type cereal harvesting machinery has following several form substantially and has some shortcomings:

1, threshing cylinder, conclusion gets up to have substantially several like this, rasp bar cylinder, this is to take off the best conventional rollers of wheat effect; Drum with pins (comprising plate tooth, finger-like tooth), this is the form that axial-flow type drum adopts, and it is effective to take off wheat, and the fragmentation of dehydration rice is more; Arch dental roller, this is the best threshing cylinder of dehydration rice, in a word, the threshing performance of several like this cylinders all has certain limitation.Relatively be fit to the monocrop area.

2, separate notch board, the form of notch board has only two kinds at present.Recessed formula plate of grid and braiding plate all are commonly used at traditional machine, and maximum same topic is that entrainment loss is bigger when being used in axial-flow type drum, and this is a problem anxious to be solved.

3, dressing mechanism has several like this patterns substantially and has some shortcomings like this: 1) traditional pneumatic jig cleaning and sorting system.This device will be cleaned effect preferably, and whole sieve nest will be vibrated with certain frequency, and enough areas of cleaning will be arranged on the other hand, so this mechanism vibrations is big, volume is big, gives the supporting difficulty of having brought of middle-size and small-size machine like this.2) aidr bells blast system carries out the emersion object blowing with a fan, though this structure is simple, and the effect extreme difference, wind is big, and loss is big, and wind is little, and clear degree is extremely low, because emersion object is irregular when notch board gets off, uncontrollable best air quantity does not reach and cleans effect.3) cleaning and sorting system of whirlwind cartridge type, it is a proportion difference of utilizing emersion object, by centrifugal action, the emersion object of light specific gravity is separated under the air-flow effect.The shortcoming of this mechanism is that volume is big, makes the technological requirement height in tube road, adds moisture sensitivity greatly, and supporting on combine, effect is bad, and this mechanism is used on the facility of fixed operation more.4) it is that power consumption is big that negative pressure cleaning and sorting system, negative pressure are cleaned subject matter, and noise is big, configuration space wants big, and this but can not obtain promising result for supporting on middle-size and small-size machine.5) scalperator formula cleaning and sorting system, this mechanism dedusting mechanism from dressing machine is introduced, and comes down to a conveying mechanism, and the amount of taking off is very big again, if do not take off again, can only all reclaim, and clear degree is extremely low, otherwise loses big surprising.

4, after-treatment mechanism, the traditional secondary processing mechanism is to be made of a tapered cylinder of rasp bar formula.Loopback mechanism has uses winnow, and what have uses drag-flight elevator.Conelet type cylinder volume is still bigger, and rice again can not dewater.The winnow of traditional type is owing to all have very big susceptibility to rotating speed and humidity and the surplus condition of mixing greatly, and generic failure is more.The volume of drag-flight elevator is also very big, and it all is inconvenient that these mechanisms dispose on minicomputer.

In a word: all there is such or such shortcoming in the mechanism of the configuration on the existing suspension type grain harvesting machine, make the performance of suspension type grain harvesting machine that the people's will part always can not arranged, according to the national conditions and the economic conditions of China, it is very necessary improving and improving this class type.

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of compact conformation, volume is little, vibration is little, power consumption is low, can receive wheat and paddy rice and clean effectively, can surplusly handle big assorted again, can be the supporting threshing cleaning unit of middle-size and small-size suspension type cereal harvesting machinery.

In order to realize the purpose of this utility model, a kind of grain threshing cleaning plant is provided, mainly form by the sheller unit, cleaning plant, after-treatment mechanism, seed screw feeder and frame, the upper cover plate that are installed in the housing, its characteristics are that described sheller unit is made up of cylinder, sound of laughing notch board, grain-blocking plate and the guide plate that is installed on the upper cover plate, described cylinder is by rack-mounted axle driven rotary, the combined type tooth is installed on the cylinder, sound of laughing notch board is installed below cylinder, at least 1 grain-blocking plate that stops the seed axial flow is installed on described notch board; Described cleaning plant is formed by hitting shake revolution belt sorting screen, fan and ventilating duct, hitting the revolution belt sorting screen that shakes and being installed in the notch board below, and the air port of ventilating duct is turned round the belt sorting screen and is communicated with hitting to shake; Described after-treatment mechanism is by taking off winnow again and coaxial tailing auger is formed, and the grain outlet that takes off winnow again is installed in the described top of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen that shakes, and the assorted surplus inlet of tailing auger is installed in that hitting shakes turns round the below of belt sorting screen right-hand member.

Above-mentioned threshing cleaning unit, its characteristics are that described combined type tooth is arc tooth and finger-type tooth, and described arc tooth is mounted obliquely within the right-hand member of cylinder, and described finger-type tooth is installed in the left end of cylinder.

Above-mentioned threshing cleaning unit, its characteristics are that described grain-blocking plate is 3.

Above-mentioned threshing cleaning unit, its characteristics are that the described revolution belt sorting screen that shakes that hits is fixed on the chain and by its drive, and the described revolution belt of shaking of hitting is cleaned vibrating body is installed on the net.

Above-mentioned threshing cleaning unit, its characteristics are that described vibrating body is rack-and-pinion mechanism or cam-type mechanism, and described rackwork is made up of the recessed tooth plate that is fixed on the double wedge on the chain and be fixed on the chassis sidewall; Described cam mechanism is for being fixed on the housing side wall and rotatable cam body

Above-mentioned threshing cleaning unit, its characteristics are that described ventilating duct is two air channels, and an air outlet is installed in the described top of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen that shakes, and another air outlet is installed in the bottom of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen that shakes, and the blade of described fan is 4-6.

Above-mentioned threshing cleaning unit, its characteristics are that described ventilating duct can be single air channel, and air outlet is installed in the bottom of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen that shakes, and the blade of described fan is 4-6.

Above-mentioned threshing cleaning unit, its characteristics are that described taking off again also is coaxially installed with a finger-type dental roller between winnow and the tailing auger, and blind concave is installed around the described finger-type dental roller, ratchet mechanism are installed taking off again on the wheel of winnowing of winnow.

After adopting said apparatus, carry the cereal of coming from the centre, enter knockdown cylinder, the axial flow of crop is realized that by guide plate by the notch board that seed blocking plate and glazing bar are formed, when carrying out the end face Lysimachia sikokiana, entrainment loss can control to seldom.The emersion object of separating, in dropping process under the effect of guide plate slide plate, emersion object is relatively concentrated the first half of falling the sorting screen compass screen surface, before falling the sorting screen compass screen surface, be subjected to wind effect from fan windward road junction, the emersion object of concentrating is dispelled, a part of little assortedly directly blow out outside the casing.Fall the emersion object on the sorting screen compass screen surface, under hitting of vibrating body on the sorting screen compass screen surface bestirred oneself usefulness, moving backward along with compass screen surface, emersion object carries out layering under the effect of these two power, simultaneously under from the lower air duct wind action, seed passes sieve aperture and falls the seed screw feeder and advance tanker, little assorted surplus blowing afloat from compass screen surface discharged outside the casing, and be assorted greatly surplus, mainly is that disconnected fringe is delivered to tailing auger by the wind holder on compass screen surface, carry out after secondary takes off again, that will handle well is big assorted surplus again, sends to and takes off winnow again, because the effect that the wheel of winnowing is gone up ratchet mechanism, the fluctuation that has overcome from engine speed changes, thereby has strengthened the reliability and the adaptive capacity of mechanism.Take off the big assorted surplus sorting screen compass screen surface of delivering to that winnow will handle well again and further clean again, assorted surplus just can blowing out outside the casing, seed is sent tanker to the rotation of seed screw feeder.

Further specify embodiment of the present utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1: a kind of pair of air channel threshing cleaning unit schematic diagram

Fig. 2: a kind of single air channel threshing cleaning unit schematic diagram

Fig. 3: a kind of after-treatment structural scheme of mechanism that has ratchet mechanism

Among Fig. 1, Fig. 3, sheller unit is made up of sound of laughing notch board 1, grain-blocking plate 2, cylinder 3, arc tooth 4, finger-type tooth 5, guide plate 6, and arc tooth 4 is mounted obliquely within the right-hand member of cylinder 3, and finger-type tooth 5 is installed in the left end of cylinder 3, and grain-blocking plate 3 adopts 3.Cleaning plant is by hitting the revolution belt sorting screen 8 that shakes, chain, being fixed on the double wedge 7 on the chain and the recessed tooth plate 9 that is fixed on the housing side plate is formed, and double wedge 7 and recessed tooth plate 9 are the elements that cause vibration.Hit the revolution belt sorting screen 8 that shakes and be fixed on the chain, and move with chain.After-treatment mechanism is by tailing auger 10, nail tooth drum 11, blind concave 17 and take off winnow 12 again and form, take off again winnow 12 winnow the wheel on have ratchet mechanism, tailing auger 10, nail tooth drum 11 and take off winnow 12 again and be installed on the same axle, blind concave 17 be installed in nail tooth drum 11 around.The grain outlet that takes off winnow 12 again is installed in the top of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen 8 that shakes, and the assorted surplus inlet of tailing auger 10 is installed in the below of hitting revolution belt sorting screen 8 right-hand members that shake.By taking off winnow 12 again the material of handling well is sent into further cleaning of do on the compass screen surface again.It is by fan 13, upper air duct 15, lower air duct 13 and fan 14 that part is cleaned in two air channels shown in Fig. 1, the air port of upper air duct 15 be installed in hitting the revolution belt sorting screen 8 that shakes above, upper air duct 15 is delivered to a part of wind on the compass screen surface that hits the revolution belt sorting screen 8 that shakes, dispel the emersion object that gets off from notch board, little, light foreign material are blown out outside the engine housing.The air outlet of lower air duct 13 be installed in hitting the following of the revolution belt sorting screen 8 that shakes can be blowing out outside the body from hitting the light foreign material that the revolution belt sorting screen 8 that shakes falls.Fan 14 adopts agricultural 4 blade fans of low pressure.Fig. 2 is another embodiment of the present utility model, and among Fig. 2, this threshing cleaning unit is to adopt single air channel fan work, and the blade of fan 14 can be the 4-6 sheet.Fig. 2 and Fig. 1 difference are that the vibrating body that hits the revolution belt sorting screen 8 that shakes adopts cam body 16, utilizes the rotation of the cam body that is driven by belt or chain, makes compass screen surface produce to hit and shakes.Advantage of the present utility model: volume is little, vibrates for a short time, and the ability of handling cereal is big, and consumed power is little, cleans effective etc.

Claims

1, a kind of grain threshing cleaning plant, main by the sheller unit that is installed in the housing, cleaning plant, after-treatment mechanism, seed screw feeder and frame, upper cover plate is formed, it is characterized in that described sheller unit is by cylinder (3), sound of laughing notch board (1), grain-blocking plate (2) and the guide plate (6) that is installed on the upper cover plate are formed, described cylinder (3) is by rack-mounted axle driven rotary, cylinder is equipped with the combined type tooth on (3), in cylinder (3) below sound of laughing notch board (1) is installed, at least 1 grain-blocking plate (2) that stops the seed axial flow is installed on described notch board (1); Described cleaning plant is formed by hitting shake revolution belt sorting screen (8), fan (14) and ventilating duct, hitting the revolution belt sorting screen (8) that shakes and being installed in below sound of laughing the notch board (1), and the air port of ventilating duct is turned round belt sorting screen (8) and is communicated with hitting to shake; Described after-treatment mechanism is by taking off winnow (12) again and coaxial tailing auger (10) is formed, the grain outlet that takes off winnow (12) again is installed in the described top of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen (8) that shakes, and the assorted surplus inlet of tailing auger (10) is installed in the below of hitting revolution belt sorting screen (8) right-hand member that shakes.

2, threshing cleaning unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that described combined type tooth is arc tooth (4) and finger-type tooth (5), and described arc tooth (4) is mounted obliquely within the right-hand member of cylinder (3), and described finger-type tooth (5) is installed in the left end of cylinder (3).

3, threshing cleaning unit according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described grain-blocking plate (2) is 3.

4, threshing cleaning unit according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the described revolution belt sorting screen (1) that shakes that hits is fixed on the chain and by its drive, and the described revolution belt of shaking of hitting is cleaned vibrating body is installed on the net.

5, threshing cleaning unit according to claim 4 is characterized in that described vibrating body is rack-and-pinion mechanism or cam-type mechanism, and described rackwork is made up of the recessed tooth plate (9) that is fixed on the double wedge (7) on the chain and be fixed on the chassis sidewall; Described cam mechanism is for being fixed on the housing side wall and rotatable cam body (16).

6, according to claim 1,2 or 5 described threshing cleaning units, it is characterized in that described ventilating duct is two air channels, last air outlet (15) is installed in the described top of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen (8) that shakes, following air outlet (13) is installed in the bottom of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen (8) that shakes, and the blade of described fan (14) is 4-6.

7, according to claim 1,2 or 5 described threshing cleaning units, it is characterized in that described ventilating duct can be single air channel, following air outlet (13) is installed in the bottom of hitting the revolution belt sorting screen (8) that shakes, and the blade of described fan (14) is 4-6.

8, according to claim 1,2 or 5 described threshing cleaning units, it is characterized in that described taking off again between winnow (12) and the tailing auger (10) also is coaxially installed with a finger-type dental roller (11), at described finger-type dental roller (11) blind concave (17) is installed on every side, take off again winnow winnow the wheel on ratchet mechanism is installed.