CN2269660Y - Energy saving protector for household electric appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy saving protector for household electric appliances, which comprises a power supply circuit, an electric potential monitoring circuit, a comparison control circuit, a delay circuit, an under voltage, over voltage and door threshold value automatic lifting circuit, a mixed power supply control circuit, an energy saving control circuit, a variable energy saving index device, a passive short-circuit device and a function change-over switch. In one stage, when one of momentary power off, under voltage or over voltage occurs, the energy saving protector cuts off power supply and is in a protective state. In two stages or three stages, an energy saving controller fully utilizes the residual cold or residual heat of an air conditioner, a refrigerator and an electric heater to start a circuit to make a compressor or the electric heater work according to the percentage of variable energy saving index for achieving the purpose of energy saving. The utility model has the advantages of strong working reliability, simple structure, favorable automatic operation performance and notable energy saving effect; the load rated power is 3000W; the air conditioner and the refrigerator save energy about 30%; the electric heater saves energy about 20%.

Description

The household electrical appliances energy-saving protector

The utility model relates to the energy-conservation and resist technology of household electrical appliances, is a kind of novel household appliance energy-saving protector, belongs to the electronic instruments class.

At present, use the unit of air conditioner, refrigerator and electric heater and family more and more, they are the power consumption kings of family, and energy-conservation is instant.

The purpose of this utility model is a kind of novel household appliance energy-saving protector of development, fully and rationally utilizes the surplus cold or waste heat of household electrical appliances from the actual track and energy-conservation, simultaneously, and when momentary power failure, overvoltage occurring, when under-voltage, then compressor or heater being protected.

The technical scheme that realizes the utility model purpose is:

The household electrical appliances energy-saving protector comprises: power circuit, supervision potential circuit, comparison control circuit, overvoltage, under-voltage threshold value automatic lifting, delay circuit; the AC-battery power source control circuit, energy-saving control circuit, variable energy-conservation index device; the passive short circuit device, function switch is characterized in that:

Power circuit connects R1 by civil power one tunnel through C1, its other end connects D1 and ZD1 negative pole, the D1 negative pole connects R2 and C3 positive pole, ZD1 links to each other with ZD3 positive pole and C3 negative pole, R2 other end output positive direct-current, it links to each other with 4 pin, R3, ZD3 and the ZD5 negative pole of Q4, and 10,13 pin that R3 and R4 contact connect R30 and Q4 are the standard direct voltage, and 5 pin of R5 and R6 contact and Q4 are connected to another normal voltage.Another road civil power connects R13 through C2, and its other end connects the anodal and D3 negative pole of ZD2, anodal C4 negative pole and the R14 of connecting of D3, and ZD2 negative pole, C4 positive pole and ZD4 negative pole link to each other, and the R14 other end is exported negative dc voltage with anodal linking to each other of ZD4.

Monitor potential circuit: civil power is through the D2 rectification, and R10 connects and connect with D2 after VR1 and R11 connect the VR2 parallel connection, and other end point in parallel links to each other with R12, the centre tap of VR1 and VR2 respectively with C6 and C5 positive pole even, C6 links to each other with the other end of C5 negative pole and R12.

Comparison control circuit is a main body by containing four comparator Q4, D5, D6, D7, D8 are anodal to link to each other, and its negative pole links to each other with 6,8,14,1 pin of Q4 successively, is connected 6 pin and the D5 negative pole of Q4 after R9 and the C7 parallel connection, C8 and R8 contact connect 3 pin of Q4, and the C8 and the R8 other end connect R7 and D8 positive pole respectively.

Delay circuit: by R18, R19 and R20 series connection, be connected the D4 positive pole by R19 with R20 contact output DC, the D4 negative pole connects 2 pin, C9 positive pole, the R21 of Q4, the C9 negative pole, and the R20 and the R21 other end join.

8 pin of overvoltage, under-voltage threshold value automatic lifting: Q4 connect the D18 negative pole, its anodal R30 that connects, 10 pin that the R30 other end connects Q4 connect R3 again and the R4 tie point is a normal voltage, 14 pin of another route Q4 connect the D17 negative pole, its anodal R29 that connects, the R29 other end connects 12 pin and the R28 of Q4, and the R28 other end connects the C6 positive pole.

Energy-saving control circuit: the dual comparator by Q5 is a main body, and 1 pin of Q5 connects D9 negative pole and R24, and the R24 other end connects 6 pin of Q5.2 pin of Q5,5 pin, D10 positive pole, ZD8 negative pole, R25 link to each other, and the D10 negative pole connects 7 pin of Q5, and R25 connects 8 pin of Q5, the anodal VR6 that connects of ZD8, the anodal R22 that connects of D9.

Variable energy-conservation index controller: by D12, VR5, R26 series connection and D11, VR4, R27 series connection, and then in parallel, its D11 and D12 contact connect 3 pin of Q5, and R26 and R27 contact connect 7 pin of Q5, variable energy-conservation index is 15-80%.

Function switch: by K switch 3W2D is main body, and middle double-pole links to each other and connects 13 positive poles, and 2 on the right a bit links to each other with the left side and is connected with C12 is anodal, and the C12 negative pole links to each other with the C13 negative pole.The other end on the K switch left side connects R23, and the other end of R23 connects power positive end.

The passive short circuit device: be made up of J2, D14, ZD5, ZD6, dc voltage stability is strengthened in ZD5 and ZD6 series connection, and 11 pin of the anodal Q4 of ZD6 also connect a J2 and a D14 end in parallel, the other end connects the ZD3 negative pole, the ZD5 negative terminal connects the D14 negative pole, and the fixed point of J2 connects the T1 of Q1, and moving point connects the T2 of Q1.

AC-battery power source control circuit: R17 and D16 contact connect 7 pin of Q4, the D16 negative pole connects R7, R17 and R16 contact connect the b utmost point of Q2, the G of Q1 connects VR3, another termination D15, the negative pole of D15 connects the E utmost point of Q2, and the C utmost point of Q2 connects the ZD4 positive pole, and R22 and C10 contact connect the b utmost point of Q3, the ZD7 negative pole connects the E utmost point of Q3, the ZD7 positive pole links to each other with the C10 negative pole, and the J1 coil is in parallel with D13, and the C utmost point of Q3 connects J1 coil one end, and the other end connects the ZD3 negative pole, R15, C11 series connection, the R15 other end connects the T1 utmost point and the J1 Chang Kaiguan stator of Q1, and the C11 other end connects the moving plate of the T2 utmost point of Q1 and J1 and exports AC power supplies.

Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of household electrical appliances energy-saving protector

Q1---BTA41A wherein

Q2——A1015

Q3——CS9013

Q4——LM324

Q5——LM358

Now further specify structure of the present utility model and working condition by embodiment in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Embodiment: the utility model adopts the ABS plastic pressing mold of anti-flammability to make shell, and back panel wiring as shown in Figure 2.

When function switch is 1 grade; then the positive direct-current electricity by R23 to C12, C13 charging, the 3 pin current potentials that make Q5 than 2 pin height then 1 pin become high potential, make D9 end that then energy-saving control circuit is ineffective; at this moment this product just becomes tame non-electricity protector, protects compressor or cushioning device specially.

When civil power changes outside the 185V-245V scope; through monitoring the potential circuit anodal and anodal positive potential that forms of C5 at C6 respectively; make the 12 pin current potentials of Q4 be lower than 13 pin or 9 pin current potentials are higher than 10 pin; make comparison controller enter guard mode; 10,13 pin of Q4 are normal potential; it is provided by R3, R4 dividing potential drop; the threshold value that monitors current potential is to be regulated by VR1, VR2 to obtain; when momentary power failure occurring; overvoltage, when one of under-voltage; must have a negative pole to become electronegative potential in D6, D7, D8, its positive pole also becomes electronegative potential, this control of Electric potentials two-way.One the tunnel makes C10 pass through R22 discharges rapidly; making Q3 end the J1 relay does not work; its contact open circuit cuts off load one road circuit; this electronegative potential of another road causes D5 to end; C7 is discharged to R9; when the 6 pin current potentials of Q4 are lower than 5 pin; 5 pin current potentials are by R5, R6 dividing potential drop; then 7 pin become high potential; make protector red light D16 bright, this high potential makes Q2 end green light D15 by R17, R16 dividing potential drop to go out, and bidirectional triode thyristor Q1 does not work; at this moment load power source just all cuts off, so load is in protected state.

When guard mode at the beginning; make the positive Very Low Potential of D4 and end; after this C9 is after R21 discharged about 4-8 minute; just can make the 2 pin current potentials of Q4 be lower than 3 pin; then 1 pin just becomes high potential; in the city power recovery normally is the 185V-245V scope; because 1 pin high potential makes the D8 positive pole also recover normal high potential, charges to C8 by R8, makes the 3 pin current potentials of Q4 higher; charge to C7 fast by D5; the 6 pin current potentials that make Q4 are than 5 pin height, and then 7 pin become electronegative potential, red light D16 go out by R17 Q2 is worked then green light D15 is bright; bidirectional triode thyristor Q1 work, load power source connects one the tunnel earlier.The high potential of another road D8 positive pole makes the Q3 conducting by R22 after the C10 charging postpones, two road load power sources are connected in the work of J1 relay, and this two-way is just finished the task of powering to the load.

At C9; the R21 effect postponed after 4-8 minute; though 1 pin of Q4 becomes high potential; but when civil power is still swung near the threshold value of 185V or 245V; this will cause the unstable rule out-put supply of entire circuit to suddenly appear and disappear; making compressor neglect youngster work neglects youngster and stops; this is extremely harmful to compressor; produce for eradicating this phenomenon; this product adds uses overvoltage; under-voltage threshold value automatic lifting new technology; it is by R28; R29; D17; R30; D18 forms; when civil power during at 185V; the 12 pin current potentials of Q4 are lower than 13 pin; its 14 pin becomes electronegative potential; then the D17 positive pole also is an electronegative potential; the C6 current potential is through R28; the R29 dividing potential drop; make the 12 pin current potentials of Q4 reduce about 0.6V; say its threshold value rising 6-14V relatively; civil power is inoperative to circuit at the formed current potential of C6 in the 185V fluctuation like this; have civil power only and be elevated to 191V when above, could the relieving circuit guard mode, at this moment D17 ends; it is 185V that under-voltage threshold value just recovers initial value automatically; its threshold value descends during overvoltage, and its drop-out value is within 8V, and principle is same as described above.This just guarantees that whole protecting device circuit is very stable.

Bidirectional triode thyristor Q1 and J1 relay are that the load desired power is given in protection and adjusting automatically mutually at work; R15, C11 are that protection Q1 avoids the instantaneous voltage impact; Q1 is BTA41A; can bear and supply with several times of static starting powers of compressor; after changing rated power at short notice; J1 just plays a leading role; Q1 can not generate heat at work like this; C7, R9, R22, C10 have been the effects of protection J1 contact in addition; the action that this circuit can guarantee the J1 relay is all the time among Q1 work, so its contact can sparking and damage during the J1 action.

Passive short circuit device: form by J2 relay, D14, ZD5, ZD6; then ZD5, ZD6 series connection is powered to J2 when circuit has electricity; its normally closed point is disconnected; when the temperature of air conditioner, refrigerator, electric heater arrives predetermined value; the thermostat outage does not thoroughly promptly have small amount of current to be added in the household electrical appliances energy-saving protector; because its power consumption is very little, so, make it be in half operating state.Its normally closed point does not just join the output of thermostat and load because J2 does not work, and impels thermostat to be output as no-voltage, and at this moment the household electrical appliances energy-saving protector also is in non-transformer and does not thoroughly work.The household electrical appliances energy-saving protector enters initial work in case variations in temperature makes thermostat work promptly have civil power output, the normally closed point of J2 to disconnect then, and this is the energy-conservation beginning of another kind of form, reaches our desirable purpose.

When function switch is 2 grades; R23 and C13 are cut off; at this moment energy-saving control circuit just is similar to the variable timing device, protector is controlled, when 1 pin of Q5 is high potential; D9 by protector then by operate as normal; the 6 pin current potentials that make Q5 by R24 than 5 pin height then 7 pin be electronegative potential, the ZD8 negative pole, 5 pin of Q5,2 pin are electronegative potential also; at this moment the anodal high potential of C12 can discharge by D11, VR4, the R27 of variable energy-conservation index, and its discharge variable time is determined by VR4.When the 3 pin current potentials of Q5 are lower than 2 pin; then 1 pin becomes electronegative potential; the D9 positive pole also is an electronegative potential; then protector is with regard to changing green light immediately over to and going out and red light is bright; except that compressor or heater power source are cut off; all are normal for other functions, as: work as usual such as fan, control automatically, remote control, light, defrosting.The 6 pin current potentials of Q5 also hang down 5 pin like this; its 7 pin becomes high potential; make 2 pin; 5 pin current potentials rise to by ZD8; the partial pressure potential that VR6 and R25 constitute; this current potential can be done to regulate among a small circle by VR6; at this moment the 7 pin high potentials of Q5 are by the D12 of variable energy-conservation index; VR5; R26 charges to C12; VR5 is variable energy-conservation index; when the C12 current potential makes 3 pin of Q5 higher than 2 pin; then 1 pin becomes high potential, and D9 removes immediately by guard mode, and compressor is just started working; followingly just go round and begin again; variable energy-conservation index is with VR4; VR5 is main, and it can change the energy-saving control circuit control time arbitrarily, and variable index is 15-80%.

When function switch K is 3 grades is electric heater, C12 and C13 become parallel connection, so just variable energy-conservation index is expanded about one times, the working condition of energy-saving control circuit is same as described above, because the heat insulating ability of electric heater is better, so variable energy-conservation index expands just can deal with actual needs, it is energy-conservation about 20% years old.

When refrigerator, electric heater, air conditioner self arrive the setting start-up temperature; thermostat energized (please see Figure one) then; this power supply is done energy-conservation beginning to energy-saving protector; still being in off position its perdurabgility will be utilance according to surplus cold or UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN degree; can regulate variable energy-conservation index device is correct position, and these two energy-conservation index devices divide another name performer and energy-saving appliance.To refrigerator be utilize surplus cold energy-conservation, it is maximum duration and energy-saving appliance will be adjusted to correct position according to surplus cold utilance that performer can be got to the most high-grade, make energy-conservation for best, energy-saving appliance can be long by winter generally speaking, the principle that summer is short, but its energy-conservation relatively percent deviation is very not remarkable, because of the electricity consumption in summer than Duo winter so.

Exactly opposite for electric heater electricity consumption situation with refrigerator, because of it is to utilize waste heat energy-conservation, so the electricity consumption in summer is fewer than the winter, performer can be got to the most high-grade and energy-saving appliance is to regulate correct position according to the afterheat utilization rate, can make energy-conservation for best by long principle in winter in short summer.

In general energy-conservation key be the variations in temperature that caused perdurabgility of this section (test show appropriately utilize surplus cold or waste heat in effective time its variations in temperature less) than remedying the used time much shorter of this temperature difference after their work, therefore reach energy-conservation.

The factor that influences the air conditioner refrigeration degree is more, in close relations as room-size, tightness, heat insulation, refrigerating speed etc., be characterized in utilizing the surplus cold time shorter, promptly within 5 grades, just can meet the needs of so performer in the energy-conservation index device and energy-saving appliance are all regulated smaller shelves number.Air conditioner all seldom makes compressor quit work under the temperature of setting according to investigations, particularly feels chilly night but the heat again of shut down, have to start shooting to sleep by cotton-wadded quilt otherwise just endure cold.At this moment surplus cold utilance improves, and is fit to the position as long as the energy-saving appliance shelves are increased, and just energy-conservation percentage increase is kept a proper level to reach indoor/outdoor temperature-difference, has so not only increased energy-conservation but also needn't cover cotton-wadded quilt can one to feel daybreak.

The advantage that the utility model compared with prior art has:

1, simple in structure, small and exquisite, only have 0.3KG, can hang.

2, load rating power 3000W, self power consumption is about 3W only, automatically Good operation performance.

3, surplus cold, the waste heat of scientific utilization, energy-saving effect is remarkable, adapts to society The needs of development.

4, adopt advanced under-voltage, the automatic lifting new technology of overvoltage threshold value, Functional reliability is strong.

5, a machine four-function: can be used for protector, air conditioner, refrigerator, electricity Energy-conservation and the protection of hot device.

Claims (1)

1, household electrical appliances energy-saving protector: comprise power circuit, monitor potential circuit, comparison control circuit, under-voltage, overvoltage threshold value automatic lifting, delay circuit; the AC-battery power source control circuit, energy-saving control circuit, variable energy-conservation index device; the passive short circuit device, function switch is characterized in that:

Power circuit connects R1 by civil power one tunnel through C1, its other end connects D1 and ZD1 negative pole, the D1 negative pole connects R1 and C3 positive pole, ZD1 links to each other with ZD3 positive pole and C3 negative pole, R2 other end output positive direct-current, 4 pin of it and Q4, R3, ZD3 links to each other with the ZD5 negative pole, R3 and R4 contact connect 10 of R30 and Q4,13 pin are the standard direct voltage, 5 pin of R5 and R6 contact and Q4 are connected to another normal voltage, another road civil power connects R13 through C2, and its other end connects the anodal and D3 negative pole of ZD2, anodal C4 negative pole and the R14 of connecting of D3, the ZD2 negative pole, C4 positive pole and ZD4 negative pole link to each other, and the R14 other end is exported negative dc voltage with anodal linking to each other of ZD4;

Monitor potential circuit: civil power is through the D2 rectification, and R10 connects and connect with D2 after VR1 and R11 connect the VR2 parallel connection, and other end point in parallel links to each other with R12, the centre tap of VR1 and VR2 respectively with C6 and C5 positive pole even, C6 links to each other with the other end of C5 negative pole and R12;

Comparison control circuit is a main body by containing four comparator Q4, D5, D6, D7, D8 are anodal to link to each other, and its negative pole links to each other with 6,8,14,1 pin of Q4 successively, is connected 6 pin and the D5 negative pole of Q4 after R9 and the C7 parallel connection, C8 and R8 contact connect 3 pin of Q4, and the C8 and the R8 other end connect R7 and D8 positive pole respectively;

Delay circuit: by R18, R19 and R20 series connection, be connected the D4 positive pole by R19 with R20 contact output DC, the D4 negative pole connects 2 pin of Q4, the C9 positive pole, and R21, C9 negative pole, the R20 and the R21 other end join;

8 pin of overvoltage, under-voltage threshold value automatic lifting: Q4 connect the D18 negative pole, its anodal R30 that connects, 10 pin that the R30 other end connects Q4 connect R3 again and the R4 tie point is a normal voltage, 14 pin of another route Q4 connect the D17 negative pole, its anodal R29 that connects, the R29 other end connects 12 pin and the R28 of Q4, and the R28 other end connects the C6 positive pole;

Energy-saving control circuit: the dual comparator by Q5 is a main body, and 1 pin of Q5 connects D9 negative pole and R24, and the R24 other end connects 6 pin of Q5,2 pin of Q5,5 pin, D10 positive pole, ZD8 negative pole, R25 link to each other, and the D10 negative pole connects 7 pin of Q5, R25 connects 8 pin of Q5, the anodal VR6 that connects of ZD8, the anodal R22 that connects of D9;

Variable energy-conservation index controller: by D12, VR5, R26 series connection and D11, VR4, R27 series connection and then in parallel, its D11 and D12 contact connect 3 pin of Q5, and R26 and R27 contact connect 7 pin of Q5, and variable energy-conservation index is 15-80%;

Function switch: by K switch 3W2D is main body, middle double-pole links to each other and connects the C13 positive pole, and 2 on the right a bit links to each other with the left side and is connected with C12 is anodal, and the C12 negative pole links to each other with the C13 negative pole, the other end on the K switch left side connects R23, and the other end of R23 connects power positive end;

The passive short circuit device: be made up of J2, D14, ZD5, ZD6, dc voltage stability is strengthened in ZD5 and ZD6 series connection, and 11 pin of the anodal Q4 of ZD6 also connect a J2 and a D14 end in parallel, the other end connects the ZD3 negative pole, the ZD5 negative terminal connects the D14 negative pole, and the fixed point of J2 connects the T1 of Q1, and moving point connects the T2 of Q1;

AC-battery power source control circuit: R17 and D16 contact connect 7 pin of Q4, the D16 negative pole connects R7, the b utmost point of R17 and R16 contact Q2, the G of Q1 connects VR3, another termination D15, the negative pole of D15 connects the E utmost point of Q2, the C utmost point of Q2 connects the ZD4 positive pole, and R22 and C16 contact connect the b utmost point of Q3, and the ZD7 negative pole connects the E utmost point of Q3, the ZD7 positive pole links to each other with the C10 negative pole, the J1 coil is in parallel with D13, and the C utmost point of Q3 connects J1 coil one end and the other end connects the ZD3 negative pole, R15, C11 series connection, the R15 other end connects the T1 utmost point of Q1 and the J1 stator of often making war, and the C11 other end connects the moving plate of the T2 utmost point of Q1 and J1 and exports AC power supplies.