CN2266855Y - Four-cathode fluorescent lamp and its power frequency electronic ballast - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is composed of a four-cathode fluorescent lamp and a power frequency electronic ballast thereof, wherein the four-cathode fluorescent lamp comprises a discharge tube, a cathode, guide wires and a lamp cap. The utility model is characterized in that four independent cathodes are arranged in the discharge tube, electric connection is realized by the guide wires and lamp pins on the lamp cap; the power frequency electronic ballast is composed of diodes, capacitors and impedance elements. Before the lamp is lightened, the cathodes are heated and the lamp is started in turn by the charged and voltage increased capacitor; the lamp is rectified by the diodes and isolated by the capacitor after the lamp is stabilized, so that the two pairs of cathodes of the lamp can work on the positive and negative half cycles of the power frequency alternating current respectively; the impedance elements are used for stabilizing the working state of the lamp during the starting and lighting processes.

Description

Four negative electrode fluorescent lamp and main frequency electronic ballasts thereof

The utility model relates to a kind of fluorescent lamp and alternating electron ballast thereof, particularly relates to a kind of four negative electrode fluorescent lamp and main frequency electronic ballasts thereof.

Existing fluorescent lamp generally has only two negative electrodes, and traditional method is and Inductive ballast and bimetal leaf starter cooperating.Because the power factor of Inductive ballast is lower, the failure rate of bimetal leaf starter is higher, and people have developed the high-frequency electronic ballast that substitutes them.But high-frequency electronic ballast is expensive, and high frequency radiation also causes electric pollution, wants to replace that inductance do not have radio frequency again that is a rectification and voltage multiplier point lamp driver.But mercury " electrophoresis " phenomenon can appear again in this circuit, causes so-called " anode dark space " problem, is that polarization switch is set for addressing this problem common way.Chinese patent 90107037.B just is provided with a double-pole toggle switch specially in order to solve " electrophoresis " problem, but this switch is owing to frequently stir, the very fast fatigue of spring, the contact is also very easily damaged, install and use all very trouble, switching pulse also often burns element and causes short circuit in addition.

The purpose of this utility model provides simple, with low cost, the convenient and reliable scheme of lighting a lamp of a kind of circuit, and this scheme does not want Inductive ballast and the bimetal leaf starter also can be lighted fluorescent tube, does not have radio-frequency pollution, can not produce " electrophoresis ".

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that

Fluorescent lamp is processed into discharge lamp with four negative electrodes, it comprises fluorescent tube, negative electrode, seal wire and lamp holder, it is characterized in that in the discharge tube four independently negative electrode electronic emission material is all arranged, all possesses the ability that transmits and receives electronics, each negative electrode and the lamp base of pipe on the outer lamp holder are realized electrical connection by seal wire, thereby constitute the pin 3 and the pin 4 of the pin 1 of four negative electrode fluorescent lamp L and one end and pin 2, the other end.

Be used to light the main frequency electronic ballast of four negative electrode sight lamp L, it is made up of diode, electric capacity and impedance component.

Circuit structure of the present utility model is provided by accompanying drawing, among the figure:

An AC power cord A is connected to C ₃And C ₄An end, D ₂Negative pole, D ₃Positive pole, D ₃Negative pole be connected to C ₂An end, D ₄Positive pole, D ₄Negative pole be connected to the pin 1 of L;

D ₂Positive pole be connected to C ₁An end, D ₁Negative pole, D ₁Positive pole be connected to R ₁An end, R ₁The other end be connected to the pin 2 of L;

C ₃The other end be connected to D ₆Positive pole, D ₅Negative pole, D ₅Positive pole be connected to R ₂An end, R ₂The other end be connected to the pin 3 of L;

Another root AC power cord B is connected to C ₁And C ₂The other end, D ₆Negative pole, D ₇Positive pole, D ₇Negative pole be connected to C ₄The other end, D ₈Positive pole, D ₃Negative pole be connected to the pin 4 of L.

Each element of the present utility model is: L is four negative electrode fluorescent lamps; C ₁, C ₂, C ₃, C ₄Be that capacity is the electric capacity of 0.01-15 μ F; D ₁, D ₂, D ₃, D ₄, D ₅, D ₆, D ₇, D ₈Be that anti-stream is the diode of 0.1-50A; R ₁, R ₂Be that resistance is resistance or the corresponding incandescent lamp of 10-4K Ω.

The course of work of the present utility model is such:

When rigidly connecting the indirect current source, suppose A for just, B is for negative, C ₂Through D ₃Charging, C ₃Through D ₆Charging.

When A is timing for negative, B, C ₂The electric energy of storing is pressed B → C ₂→ D ₄→ pin 1 → pin 2 → R ₁→ D ₁→ D ₂→ A discharges, at pin 1 and 2 little electric arcs of formation of pin of fluorescent tube one end; C ₃The electric energy of storing is pressed B → D ₇→ D ₈→ pin 4 → pin 3 → R ₂→ D ₅→ C ₃→ A discharge is at pin 4 and 3 little electric arcs of formation of pin of the fluorescent tube other end; Simultaneously, C ₁Through D ₃Charging, C ₄Through D ₇Charging.

When A not only for just, B but also when negative, C ₁The electric energy of storing is pressed A → D ₃→ D ₄→ pin 1 → little electric arc → pin 2 → R ₁→ D ₁→ C ₁→ B discharge, the pin 1 and the pin 3 of the different ends of fluorescent tube this moment will be by A → D ₃→ D ₄→ pin 1 → pin 3 → R ₂→ D ₅→ D ₆The loop of → B and C ₁Parallel connection obtains and C ₁Close potential difference (be about power supply honeybee threshold voltage 2 times), pin 3 existing electronics emissions in addition, so may puncture between pin 1 and the pin 3 to start and form big electric arc; C ₄The electric energy of storing press A → → C ₄→ → D ₈→ pin 4 → little electric arc → pin 3 → R ₂→ D ₅→ D ₆→ B discharge, the pin 1 and the pin 3 of the different ends of fluorescent tube this moment are also pressed A-→ D ₃→ D ₄→ pin 1 → pin 3 → R ₂→ D ₅→ D ₆The loop of → B and C ₄Parallel connection obtains and C ₄Close potential difference (be about power supply crest voltage 2 times), pin 3 existing electronics emissions in addition, so puncture the possibility that starts between pin 1 and the pin 3 and doubled.In addition, C ₂Through D ₃Charging once more, C ₃Through D ₆Charging once more.

When becoming negative, B again, A becomes timing, C again ₂The electric energy of storing is pressed B → C ₂→ D ₄→ pin 1 → little electric arc → pin 2 → R ₁→ D ₁→ D ₂→ A discharge, the pin 4 and the pin 2 of the different ends of fluorescent tube this moment will be by B → D ₇→ D ₈→ pin 4 → pin 2 → R ₁→ D ₁→ D ₂The loop of → A and C ₂Parallel connection obtains and C ₂Close current potential lid (be about power supply crest voltage 2 times), pin 2 existing electronics emissions in addition, so may puncture between pin 4 and the pin 2 to start and form big electric arc; C ₃The electric energy of storing is pressed B → D ₇→ D ₈→ pin 4 → little electric arc → pin 3 → R ₂→ D ₅→ C ₃→ A discharge, the pin 4 and the pin 2 of the different ends of fluorescent tube this moment are also pressed B → D ₇→ D ₈→ pin 4 → pin 2 → R ₁→ D ₁→ D ₂The loop of → A and C ₃Parallel connection obtains and C ₃Close potential difference (be about power supply crest voltage 2 times), pin 2 existing electronics emissions in addition, so puncture the possibility that starts between pin 4 and the pin 2 and doubled.C in addition ₁Through D ₂Charging once more, C ₄Through D ₇Charging once more.

Because time constant for charging and discharging is very little, said process goes round and begins again, and presses B → C in addition for pin 1 and pin 3 ₂→ D ₄→ pin 1 → pin 3 → R ₂→ D ₅→ C ₃The high voltage pulse that is about 3 times of power supply crest voltages that → A loop provides is pressed A → C in addition for pin 4 and pin 2 ₄→ D ₈→ pin 4 → pin 2 → R ₁→ D ₁→ C ₁The high voltage pulse that is about 3 times of power supply crest voltages that → B loop provides, this has just produced the effect that moment can light four negative electrode fluorescent lamps.

Behind the lamp steady operation, if A for just, B is for bearing, major loop is A → D ₃→ D ₄Big electric arc → pin 3 → the R of → pin 1 → fluorescent tube ₂→ D ₅→ D ₆→ B has only R ₂Current limliting dividing potential drop (dividing potential drop of D is very little), the big electric arc of fluorescent tube can obtain high voltage; Subloop is A → D ₃→ D ₄Little electric arc → pin 2 → the R of → pin 1 → pipe end ₁→ D ₁→ C ₁→ B has R ₁And C ₁The current limliting dividing potential drop, the little electric arc of pipe end can only obtain low voltage.When A is timing for negative, B, major loop is B → D ₇→ D ₈Big electric arc → pin 2 → the R of → pin 4 → fluorescent tube ₁→ D ₁→ D ₂→ A has only R ₁Current limliting dividing potential drop (dividing potential drop of D is very little), the big electric arc of fluorescent tube can obtain high voltage; Subloop is B → D ₇→ D ₈→ pin 4 →-the little electric arc → pin 3 → R of pipe end ₂→ D ₅→ C ₂→ A has R ₂And C ₃The current limliting dividing potential drop, the little electric arc of pipe end can only obtain low voltage.

The pipe of four negative electrode fluorescent lamps presses (being the dividing potential drop of the big electric arc of fluorescent tube) can pass through to change R ₁, R ₂Resistance regulate; D is set ₄, D ₁, D ₈, D ₅Be for cancellation point honeybee ripple, prevent that pipe end from turning black in early days; The pin 1 and the pin 4 of four negative electrode fluorescent lamps can not gone up electronic material originally, owing in this circuit structure, have only very little voltage between pin 1 and pin 2, pin 4 and the pin 3, the not sputter that can be harmful to, when the electronic emission material of pin 2 and pin 3 exhausts because of long-time use, the transposing pin, pin 1 and pin 4 still can be undertaken the work (pin 2 and pin 3 change and do anode) of cathode emission, thus useful life of prolonging lamp tube at double.

The utility model has been realized the purpose of instant igniting, thereby has been cast out Inductive ballast and bimetal leaf starter owing to utilized the electric capacity after charging is boosted that heated cathode and the voltage that starts fluorescent tube are provided successively; The perception startup is become capacitive start, not only favourable to whole electrical network, and also the power factor of itself also has corresponding raising.Because the utility model is consistent from starting to the frequency of lighting a lamp all the time with industrial electrical network, thereby the electric pollution of having avoided high-frequency electronic ballast to be caused by radio frequency.Though two targets of discharge tube are operated in the positive half cycle and the negative half period (being isolated by electric capacity) of alternating current respectively in addition, but whole fluorescent tube but is operated in the all-wave alternating current, and this has just fundamentally solved " electrophoresis " or " cathode dark space " problem that rectification and voltage multiplier point lamp driver produces.

As exemplary embodiments of the present utility model, wherein C ₁～C ₄Be the electric capacity of 1 μ F/400V; D ₁～D ₈Diode for 1N4007; R ₁, R ₂Incandescent lamp for " 220V, 100W "; L is the 40W cast fluorescent lamp with four independent negative electrodes.In this specific embodiment, supply voltage is that alternating current 220V, work frequency are 50HZ, the input total current is about 430mA, be about direct current 10V with the dividing potential drop between the end negative electrode, dividing potential drop (promptly pipe is pressed) between different end negative electrodes is about interchange 105V, power factor is about 0.75, is about 0.1 second start-up time.

Of the present utility modelly light a lamp scheme except the beneficial effect that from circuit structure, directly obtains, also have following advantage:

1. the fluorescent lamp that has four independent negative electrodes takes two patterns of lighting a lamp that trigger to make fluorescent tube reduce about 75% to the requirement of starting resistor.

Two targets of four negative electrode fluorescent lamps have only the fluorescent tube rated current half pass through, both guaranteed the normally luminous of fluorescent lamp, prolonged cathode life again greatly.

Current limiting element in the main frequency electronic ballast also have only the fluorescent tube rated current half pass through, reduce power consumption about 75% than the resistance flow restricter in the Chinese patent 90107037.8.

4. adopt the incandescent lamp current limliting, utilize operating current and voltage that the positive temperature characterisitic of tungsten filament resistance can the automatic stabilisation fluorescent tube; The wattage that changes incandescent lamp just can be regulated the lighting power of whole light source; Incandescent lamp had both made full use of electric energy as secondary light source, had reached the purpose of Mixed Lights Illumination again.

5. the total current that will transfer to four negative electrode fluorescent lamps is brought up to about two times, and every anticathode electric current burden does not surpass the numerical value of regulation, is expected to produce the above high-power fluorescent lamp of 40W.

6. the circuit of main frequency electronic ballast formation has good symmetry, and power supply needn't be confirmed zero, live wire, and this will bring convenience for user and electric attendant.

Four of four negative electrode fluorescent lamps independently pin without mark.It is equally convenient to use with common fluorescent lamp.

8. ignition device noiselessness, flicker free, the no disaster hidden-trouble in lighting process formed of four negative electrode fluorescent lamps and main frequency electronic ballast thereof.

Claims (3)

1. fluorescent lamp, comprise discharge tube, negative electrode, seal wire and lamp holder, it is characterized in that having in the discharge tube four independently negative electrodes, each negative electrode is realized being electrically connected by the lamp base on seal wire and the lamp holder, constitute the pin 1 and the pin 2 of four negative electrode fluorescent lamp L and one end, the pin 3 of the other end and pin 4.

2. alternating electron ballast, the main frequency electronic ballast especially for lighting four negative electrode fluorescent lamp L is characterized in that:

(1) AC power cord A is connected to C ₃And C ₄An end, D ₂Negative pole, D ₃Positive pole, D ₃Negative pole be connected to C ₂An end, D ₄Positive pole, D ₄Negative pole be connected to the pin 1 of L;

(2) D ₂Positive pole be connected to C ₁An end, D ₁Negative pole, D ₁Positive pole be connected to R ₁An end, R ₁The other end be connected to the pin 2 of L;

(3) C ₃The other end be connected to D ₆Positive pole, D ₅Negative pole, D ₅Positive pole be connected to R ₂An end, R ₂The other end be connected to the pin 3 of L;

(4) another root AC power cord B is connected to C ₁And C ₂The other end, D ₆Negative pole, D ₇Positive pole, D ₇Negative pole be connected to C ₄The other end, D ₈Positive pole, D ₈Negative pole be connected to the pin 4 of L.

3. main frequency electronic ballast according to claim 2 is characterized in that C ₁, C ₂, C ₃, C ₄Be that capacity is the electric capacity of 0.01-15 μ F; D ₁, D ₂, D ₃, D ₄, D ₅, D ₆, D ₇, D ₈Be that anti-stream is the diode of 0.1-50A; R ₁, R ₂Be that resistance is resistance or the corresponding incandescent lamp of 10-4K Ω.