CN2262303Y - Protector for preventing electric fire - Google Patents
Protector for preventing electric fire Download PDFInfo
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- CN2262303Y CN2262303Y CN 95202671 CN95202671U CN2262303Y CN 2262303 Y CN2262303 Y CN 2262303Y CN 95202671 CN95202671 CN 95202671 CN 95202671 U CN95202671 U CN 95202671U CN 2262303 Y CN2262303 Y CN 2262303Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a multi-functional protector for preventing electric fire. The multi-functional protector for preventing electric fire is composed of unit circuits (B1 to B6) used to detect electric lines or various working states of equipment, judge, calculate and send order, unit circuits A1, A2 used to control and execute various faults, units circuits A1, C1, C2, C3 used to operate and distinguish, remember and indicate various faults, power supply D1 and D2, auxiliary units E1 and E2, etc. The multi-functional protector for preventing electric fire is provided with functions of automatically detecting, judging, processing, remembering and indicating various faults which can cause electric fire, such as over-current, over-voltage, electricity leakage, and short circuit. The multi-functional protector for preventing electric fire can be used in the running and protecting course of electric lines or equipment.
Description
The utility model belongs to the relaying protection field of giving electrical fire prevention in the fire product.
Fire is the human basis of move towards civilization, be the mankind depend on for existence basic, but out of control big fire also will be engulfed the mankind countless life and property every year.Along with the mankind to the striding forward of civilization, the raising day by day of automaticity, in the world, electric equipment, caused great, the wildfire of electrical circuit fault rise with surprising rapidity, have caused the very big concern and the uneasiness of countries in the world.
In existing known technology,, overvoltage protection device, earth leakage protective device are arranged to the protection of electric wiring or equipment; For the detection and the protection of circuit or equipment operation electric current, all be mutual-inductor type, double-metal sheet type basically.
Its defective is:
1, the protective device that designs for pre-electrical fire prevention specially of typing not, though have the individual event function arranged, can not adapt to the requirement of pre-electrical fire prevention fully, and not comprehensive.
2, in overcurrent protection; for circuit the sampling by current value; the defective of mutual-inductor type is: be subjected to magnetic hysteresis, magnetic saturation, Fourier is characteristic influences; the signal of output can not reflect the actual electric current that passes through of circuit really, has directly influenced the precision and the reliability of mutual-inductor type overcurrent protective device.
And the bimetallic type overcurrent protective device, owing to be after adopting current flow heats, the physical characteristic that the metal material of the different coefficients of expansion bends is carried out work.Therefore, influenced by ambient temperature, again can be under the impact of big electric current several times, the inside structure of bimetal leaf is changed, and operating characteristics can't be got back on the former setting value, and operate time is oversize, regulation by International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) standard, 1.25 doubly during rated current, breaking current in the cold conditions 2 hours can not adapt to the requirement of pre-electrical fire prevention very much.
3, after fault takes place, all memory that can not be clear and definite and indication divide the failure cause of deenergizing.
4, some electronics fire-fighting special equipments are also arranged, as smog alarm, automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system; Temperature alarming, automatic sprinkler fire-extinguishing system all are some passivenesses passive " disappearing ", are after fire takes place, and develop into to a certain degree, could reflect to some extent, and can not aggressive electrical fire be prevented and eliminate before taking place.
The novel purpose of this reality is:
With faults such as the overcurrent that may cause electrical fire that taken place in electric equipment and the electric wiring, short circuit, overvoltage, electric leakages, be breaking at fast and automatically before the electrical fire generation, and to causing the failure cause of cutting off circuit to give clear and definite differentiation, memory and indication.
Realize method of the present utility model: be with voltage detecting and overvoltage instruction output part, i.e. Fig. 5-element circuit B1; Detection of electrical leakage, electric leakage instruction output part, i.e. Fig. 6--element circuit B2; Current signal sampling part, i.e. Fig. 7--element circuit B3; Current signal is part relatively, i.e. Fig. 8--element circuit B4; The affirmation of overcurrent fault, overcurrent instruction output part, i.e. Fig. 9--element circuit B5; The backup protection of high power short circuit current partly, i.e. Figure 10--four kinds of faults that may cause electrical fire such as element circuit B6, output order or directly grant asylum.Overvoltage, electric leakage, the overcurrent signal of output is sent to logical order partly, i.e. Fig. 3--element circuit A2, and promote to carry out partly, i.e. and Fig. 2--element circuit A1 reaches the purpose of branch deenergizing.Overvoltage signal also is sent to the memory of overvoltage fault simultaneously, indicating section, i.e. Figure 11--element circuit C1 remembers and indicates.Electric leakage signal also is sent to leak current fault memory, indication partly simultaneously, and promptly 12--element circuit C2 remembers and indicates.The overcurrent fault signal also is sent to overcurrent fault memory, indication partly simultaneously, and promptly Figure 13--element circuit C3 remembers and indicates.Cooperate simultaneously for hindering memory after the branch deenergizing, power supply that indication provides for some reason partly, i.e. Figure 14--element circuit D; For integrated package provides operate as normal power supply part, i.e. Figure 15--element circuit D2; The memory zero clearing, Figure 16--element circuit E1 is partly; Overall test, Figure 17--element circuits such as element circuit E2 are organically combined with the form of building block, have constituted one and have had overvoltage protection and memory indication simultaneously; Earth leakage protective and memory indication; Excess current protection and memory indication; Four kinds of functions such as short-circuit protection.The fault that may cause electrical fire to overvoltage, electric leakage, overcurrent, short circuit does not also have before the initiation fire of reaching after generation, i.e. disjunction major loop automatically, and the disengagement failure source reaches the purpose of effectively pre-electrical fire prevention.
Advantage of the present utility model and good effect are:
Advantage:
Be four kinds of defencive functions are organically combined, reduce to buy protective device investment, take up room, wiring and energy resource consumption.
Good effect is:
1, changed domestic and international traditional mutual-inductor type or bimetal leaf isotype,, constituted a kind of method of sampling of reflection circuit actual flow overcurrent of linearity of loyalty with the principle of Ohm's law: V=IR to current signal sampling.
2, provide a kind of and will send into the method that the integrated circuit block of low-voltage direct operation goes to carry out computing, comparison, judgement from the current signal that ac high voltage directly takes out; and RC is incorporated into the relaying protection field of pre-electrical fire prevention to numerical expression inverse time-lag characteristic; reached the starting current that effectively to avoid power consumption equipment; again can be after overcurrent fault takes place; also do not cause when circuit is overheated, can effective disengagement failure circuit.
3, cause protector automatically after the branch deenergizing to various faults, clear and definite differentiation and indication can be arranged, allow the maintenance personal can find out fault as soon as possible; Allow the user of service understand the aspect that to note in the use from now on.Allow protector possess certain intelligence.
4, solved that the back takes place for headachy short circuit current in the relaying protection field and the contact that often occurs is molten glues, burns to death, damages; so that can not divide deenergizing; and cause wider fault; until the problem that causes electrical fire; with the backup protection of high power short circuit, directly introduce protector inside.
Embodiment with accompanying drawing elaborates to the utility model.
Fig. 1 is a cordwood system type electrical principle block diagram.
Fig. 2 is an operating part, element circuit building block A1 electrical schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the logical order part, element circuit building block A2 electrical schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the operate as normal indicating section, element circuit building block A3 electrical schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is voltage detecting and overvoltage instruction output, element circuit building block B1 electrical schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is detection of electrical leakage, electric leakage instruction output, element circuit building block B2 electrical schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is the current signal sampling section, element circuit building block B3 electrical schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the current signal rating unit, element circuit building block B4 electrical schematic diagram.
Fig. 9 confirms for overcurrent fault, overcurrent instruction output, element circuit building block B5 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 10 is backup protection--high power short circuit part, element circuit building block B6 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is overcurrent fault memory, indicating section, element circuit building block C1 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 12 is leak current fault memory, indicating section, element circuit building block C2 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 13 is overcurrent fault memory, indicating section, element circuit building block C3 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 14 is fault memory, indication power unit, element circuit building block D1 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 15 is an integrated package working power part, element circuit building block D2 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 16 is fault memory zero clearing part, element circuit building block E1 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 17 is the overall test part, element circuit building block E2 electrical schematic diagram.
Figure 18 is overall electrical schematic diagram.
Now with Figure 18, overall electrical schematic diagram is to each funtion part operation principle, is illustrated by the order of accompanying drawing.
Element circuit A1 is an operating part, is to be made of tripping coil H, thyristor 3CT4, capacitor C 5, resistance R 7.Under the normal operation, H is broken by the 3CT4 lock, does not have operating current, thereby has kept major loop not to be cut off.C5 and R7 have constituted the anti-interference absorption circuit of control utmost point capacitance-resistance of 3CT4.Element circuit A2 is or gate to be made up of three inputs and an output of integrated circuit (IC) 3.Under the normal operation, input and output are logical zero.Have only when certain fault and take place, and when having sent halt instruction, its corresponding input has the logical one input, output also has the output of 1 logic accordingly, and this signal is opened the 3CT4 control utmost point, and tripping coil H gets electric and the disjunction major loop.
Element circuit A3 is the operate as normal indicating section, is made up of LED 4, rectifier diode D4, current-limiting resistance R6.During operate as normal, LED4 is through the D4 rectification, R6 current limliting and lighting.After breaking down, owing to outage is extinguished.Element circuit B1 is that part is sent in voltage detecting and overvoltage instruction, is made up of resistance R 8, potentiometer RW1, zener diode DW1, switching diode D3 and capacitor C 6.Constitute dividing potential drop by R8, RW1, by adjusting RW1, the output that makes DW1 is a logical zero.When line voltage distribution exceeded the permissible value of setting, the current potential of dividing point was higher than the Zener current potential of voltage-stabiliser tube DW1 and avalanche effect occurs, and the DW1 output becomes logical one, overvoltage that Here it is instruction.This instruction divides two-way, and one the tunnel through element circuit A2, control unit circuit A1, disjunction major loop; Another road is sent into element circuit G1 and the overvoltage fault is remembered and is indicated.C6 is anti-interference absorption electric capacity.
Element circuit B2 is that leakage current detects and the instruction output, is made up of zero sequence current mutual inductor L, electric capacity G10, C11 and diode D7, D8, D9, D10.Under the normal condition, pass the electric current that flows through on two leads of L and equate that direction is opposite, thereby the magnetic vector that on L, is induced and equalling zero, D9, D10 no signal are output as zero logic.When leak current fault appearred in circuit or equipment, leakage current had constituted another by the earth or human body and has got back to the loop of transformer neutral point, and difference has appearred in the opposite current value of direction on two leads that pass L thereby make.The winding that this is not equal on the zero alternating magnetic field cutting L makes D9, D10 that signal output be arranged, electric leakage instruction that Here it is, and one the tunnel through the main disconnected loop of element circuit A2, A1 branch; One the tunnel send element circuit C2, and leak current fault is remembered and indicated.C10, G11 are anti-interference absorption electric capacity.
Element circuit B3 is the current signal sampling section, is made of one section common normal conductor.U=IR, Ohm's law is told us: under the constant situation of resistance, voltage is directly proportional with electric current in flowing through circuit.If the resistance of this section sampling lead is 1m Ω, the electric current that flows through on this section conductor is 10A, then U=IR=10mV; Resistance is constant, I=11A, then U=11mV.The actual linear signal by this section conductor current value of this both simply and very loyal reflection is delivered to element circuit B4 and is analyzed, relatively.Because when circuit design, the temperature coefficient of sampling conductor and the temperature coefficient of IC piece are got complementation, thereby reach temperature stability.
Element circuit B4, for current signal is analyzed, the judgment part, form by ic chip 1, resistance R 10, potentiometer RW2 and diode D6.When the current value that flows through when major loop was less than or equal to our set point, the D6 output was a logical zero.When the current value that flows through when major loop exceeded our set point, the D6 output had the positive potential output after high power is amplified.The positive potential amplitude of this output will be directly proportional with the current value that flows through major loop all the time.RW2 gives to set accurately to the current value that major loop allows to flow through.
Element circuit B5 is that overcurrent fault is confirmed and the instruction output, is made up of ic chip 2, resistance R 11, R12, R13, R14, switching diode D2 and capacitor C 9.After overcurrent fault occurring, the signal of element circuit B4 output through the R11 current limliting, to the C9 charging, with to the numerical expression anti-time limit characteristic, provides affirmation, time-delay to overcurrent fault, thereby has effectively avoided the cranking current pulse of various power consumption equipments.When the current potential of C9 rose to the dividing potential drop door current potential that is made of R13, R14, the IC2 upset had logical one instruction output.This instructs one the tunnel through element circuit A2, A1 control disjunction major loop, and one the tunnel send element circuit building block C3, and the overcurrent fault of major loop is remembered and indicated.R12 is the discharge resistance of C9.
Element circuit B6 is a high power short circuit backup protection part, set to allow the fuse tube RS of about 10 times of current values and corresponding card thereof, seat to form by major loop.Purpose is:
1, enough big when the power supply grid capacity and under the situation that supply line's internal resistance is enough little, when direct short-circuit takes place, can think that short circuit current is enough big, any device with disjunction mechanism and contact all can not guarantee by molten sticking and reliable disjunction.Have only the fuse-link of Edison 1879 invention, can guarantee the branch deenergizing reliably, and unlikelyly cause large-area lead on fire.
When 2, making melt material with copper material, rated current is the melt of 10A, and D.C. resistance is 0.0143 Ω, and is plumbous, the ashbury metal resistance is higher.Working voltage 220V, electric current 10A, power consumption 1.43W, if use the melt of 100A rated capacity, its D.C. resistance is 0.000B2 Ω, operates under the situation of 10A, its power consumption is 0.082W, only is former power consumption 5.7%, economize on electricity 94.3%.
3, what is more important: when the melt of 10A rated current, under the situation that the 10A electric current passes through, move, the melt heating, very easily oxidation, aging often fuses.Also very easily cause simultaneously card, seat, binding post, until heating, the oxidation of shell, wear out, burn and can't use.And when rated capacity be that the melt of 100A moves under the situation of the electric current of 10A, as if the probability that above-mentioned fault takes place just equal zero.
4, reduced plurality of devices shared space has been installed, all brought great convenience for wiring, maintenance and use.
Element circuit C1 is made up of LED 1, thyristor 3CT1, capacitor C 2 and resistance R 3 for memory of overvoltage fault and indicating section.When overvoltage signal through B1 element circuit output, deliver to 3CT1, the control utmost point and open thyristor, overvoltage indicator light LED1, point burns.When the major loop branch is had no progeny, overvoltage signal disappears, but owing to flow through, the electric current of thyristor is kept electric current and the maintenance conducting greater than it, thereby has realized the memory function that the circuit branch is had no progeny.R3 is anti-interference absorption circuit.
Element circuit C2 is leak current fault indication and memory section, is made up of Light-Emitting Diode LED2, thyristor 3CT2 capacitor C 3 and resistance R 4.Operation principle is with the C1 element circuit.
Element circuit C3 is overcurrent fault indication and memory section, is made up of LED 3, thyristor 3CT3, capacitor C 4, resistance R 5.Operation principle is with the C1 element circuit.
Element circuit D1 provides the working power part for faulty indication, memory section, is made up of rectifier diode D1, capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1, R2.During operate as normal, AC power is through the D1 rectification, C1 filtering, R1 current limliting.After certain fault memory indicating section is led, promptly flow through corresponding LED and make its luminous indication by the electric current after the R1 current limliting.
D2 is made up of capacitor C 7, C8, rectifier diode D5, resistance R 9 and zener diode DW2 for the element circuit that integrated circuit (IC) 1, IC2, IC3 provide working power.C7 current limliting, step-down; R9 shock resistance, clamper; The D5 rectification; The DW2 voltage stabilizing; C8 filtering has constituted a simple stabilized voltage power supply.
Element circuit E1 is a fault memory zero clearing part, is made of AN1, by AN1, then cuts off the current circuit of all fault memory indicating members after fixing a breakdown, and corresponding thyristor returns to off state, reaches the purpose of fault memory zero clearing.
Whether element circuit E2 is the overall test part, is made up of AN2 and resistance R 15, when pressing AN2, by the R15 current limliting, provides an artificial simulation leakage current, normal in order to the work of check complete machine.
Realize best way of the present utility model:
Be that each power unit that protector is installed on modernized skyscraper is independently gone in the loop separately; as modern office tower, market, public place of entertainment, apartment, residential building; the independently-powered unit of each of each floor; power supply capacity during according to architectural design and the line of practical wiring footpath; select the protector of suitable capacity to install; can reach effectively Fault Control in the unit of minimum scope; can not cause large-area power failure yet, thereby with the effective starting stage of eliminating before taking place of electrical fire.
So far illustrate; pre-electrical fire prevention protector according to the utility model making; but, possessed it has been eliminated function before fire takes place electric faults such as the overcurrent of electric wiring and electric equipment fire hazard, short circuit, overvoltage, electric leakages.Be applicable to the usefulness of the safeguard protection of the inner pre-electrical fire prevention of various Architectural Equipments, especially be suitable for inner each unit of modernized skyscraper and prevent as electrical fire.Be used with solid-state relay, sealed type fuse, can also required burning, in the occasion such as explosion-proof, peculiar to vessel as the usefulness of protection.Can expand to also simultaneously that phase three-wire three, three-phase and four-line are contour, in the low-voltage power supply loop, as the protection equipment of security protection.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of pre-electrical fire prevention protector is by unit such as the B1 that electric wiring, equipment running status are detected, B2, B3, B6; The unit such as B4, B5 of judging, confirming; And disjunctions are carried out in the various faults that self is sent instruction and to unit such as B1, the B2 of various fault distinguish, B5; C1, the C2 of memory, indication, a plurality of mutual organic connections such as C3, A3 element circuit is together formed.It is characterized in that: current signal sampling unit circuit B3, it is a conductor material that directly is serially connected in the major loop, and directly connect two holding wires in two ends, the other end of a holding wire is directly received the electric current comparing unit--and the input of IC1, another root enter another input of ic chip 1 through resistance R 10.
2, pre-electrical fire prevention protector according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: two inputs of inverse time-lag element circuit B5--ic chip 2; one is terminated at the dividing point in the middle of divider resistance R13, the R14; another termination time-delay charging capacitor C9; current limliting time delay resistance R11, the common tie point of discharge resistance R12.
3, pre-electrical fire prevention protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the trigger electrode of overvoltage fault mnemon C1 directly is connected with the output diode D3 of voltage detection unit B1; The trigger electrode of leak current fault memory, indicating member C2 directly is connected with the positive output end of detection of electrical leakage unit B 2; The overcurrent fault memory, the trigger electrode of indicating member C3 directly is connected with the output diode D2 of overcurrent fault confirmation unit B5.
4, pre-electrical fire prevention protector according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the input that an end of high power short circuit backup protection B6 fuse is connected with electrical network as protector, the other end is connected on the fixed contact of protector input.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95202671 CN2262303Y (en) | 1995-02-10 | 1995-02-10 | Protector for preventing electric fire |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95202671 CN2262303Y (en) | 1995-02-10 | 1995-02-10 | Protector for preventing electric fire |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2262303Y true CN2262303Y (en) | 1997-09-10 |
Family
ID=33855766
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95202671 Expired - Fee Related CN2262303Y (en) | 1995-02-10 | 1995-02-10 | Protector for preventing electric fire |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2262303Y (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108306257A (en) * | 2018-04-07 | 2018-07-20 | 佛山市顺德区信辉达电子有限公司 | Three pole break-make leakage protecting plug of intelligent control type |
-
1995
- 1995-02-10 CN CN 95202671 patent/CN2262303Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108306257A (en) * | 2018-04-07 | 2018-07-20 | 佛山市顺德区信辉达电子有限公司 | Three pole break-make leakage protecting plug of intelligent control type |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |