CN2261113Y - Voltage regulator for ac. generator of automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a voltage regulator which can directly replace the existing voltage regulators of AC generators generally used by large and small automobiles (automobiles, tractors, motorcycles, etc.). The utility model has the advantages of short circuit resistance, broken circuit resistance, overload resistance and overvoltage resistance. The utility model can be used for ever. The utility model has a perfect protective function. An electronic switch is composed of a BG1, a BG2, an R1, an R2, an R3 and an R4, a short circuit and broken circuit protector is composed of a BG2, an R1, an R2 and an R3, a voltage limiter is composed of a BG3, a D2, a D3, an R5, an R6, an R7, an R8 and a C2, a continuous current device is composed of a restrictor (an overload protector) and a D1, and the restrictor is composed of an L, a K, a C1, an R9, a BG4 and an R8.

Description

Automobile alternator voltage regulator

The present invention a kind ofly can directly change the electronic type alternator voltage regulator that present automobile generally uses, (hereinafter to be referred as adjuster).The electronic type regulator that present automobile generally uses; compare with mechanical type; though many advantages are arranged, volume is little, contactless, the life-span is long; but see that totally the life-span is not long, average life span only one year about; its reason is; adjuster does not add protective device, and in a single day fault such as open circuit the bonding short circuit appears or in automobile line, and adjuster is just burnt or punctures.With the growth of automobile useful year, the regulator failure rate is multiplied.Therefore developed this kind utility model adjuster in person; be provided with the electronic switch of forming by BG1, BG2, R1, R2, R3, R4; by BG2, R1, R2, R3, the short circuit of forming and breaker protector; by the voltage limiter that BG3, D2, D3, R5, R6, R7, R8 and C2 form, the flow restricter of being made up of L, K, C1 (being overload protective device) goes to control the conducting of BG1 and close.Because of being provided with perfect defencive function.So solved the problem of burning adjuster because of circuit bonding or broken string.

Though the utility model adjuster has the contact, can be considered contactless.What adopt because of the contact of this adjuster is very long tongue tube of life-span, and with capacitor C 1 and went to trigger the base stage of transistor BG4 after being communicated with the R9 current limliting, operating current has only about 0.3mA, and have only the short circuit overload time just to work, at ordinary times as illusory, so, can be considered contactless.

It is the product of permanent use that the utility model adjuster can be considered.The adjuster of automobile use at present; its advantage is: contactless, firm, the life-span is grown, why damages the reason that average life span is shortened is not add protective device; and the utility model adjuster has added perfect protective device, and long-term short circuit and overload can not damaged yet.So can be considered is the product of permanent use.

The utility model adjuster is applicable to the vehicle of various use alternating current generators, as big car, tractor, motorcycle etc.

Just the utility model adjuster is made brief description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and enforcement.

Fig. 1 is an external earth formula dynamo governor electrical schematic diagram

Fig. 2 is element board figure

Fig. 3 is an outline drawing

Fig. 4 is internal earth formula dynamo governor circuit theory diagrams, the another kind of illustration of implementing of the present invention.Its operation principle and Fig. 1 external earth formula dynamo governor are identical.Because of bonding form difference, need to change triode NPN type into positive-negative-positive, diode and electric capacity connect polarity and exchange.Supporting for the adjuster that uses with present automobile, external form and assembling form are also different, but that two kinds of embodiment assemble form is interchangeable.

Claims also contrast Fig. 1, and are identical because of Fig. 4 and Fig. 1 operation principle, do not do decipher in addition at this.

In Fig. 1; by the BG1 efferent duct; the BG2 short circuit; the open circuit protection pipe; R1 start trigger resistance; the R2 divider resistance; the R3 current-limiting resistance; the R4 divider resistance is formed electronic switch; by BG2; R1; R2; R3 forms short circuit and breaker protector; promote pipe by BG3; D2 pressure limiting pipe; D3 counterseal pipe; R6; R7; R8 divider resistance and C2 filter capacitor are formed voltage limiter; by the L solenoid; K dry-reed tube switch and C1 delay capacitor are formed voltage limiter; by L electromagnetism line chart; K dry-reed tube switch and C1 delay capacitor are formed the contact switch and are removed to trigger BG4 promotion pipe composition flow restricter; form afterflow device by D1; its electrical connection is: efferent duct BG1 is connected on a terminals F and an end by coil L; starting resistance R1 connects with divider resistance R2 and is connected in parallel between BG1 collector electrode and the emitter after the dividing potential drop; short-circuit protection pipe BG2 be connected on after R3 connects between anodal and the BG1 base stage; base stage is connected between R1 and the R2; promote to manage BG3 and R4 and be connected between BG1 base stage and the emitter; pressure limiting pipe D2 and D3 series connection are at BG3 base stage and R6; between the R7; and with the C2 series connection on negative pole; current-limiting resistance R8 and R7; the R6 series connection+-constitute the bleeder circuit of D2 between the utmost point; current limiting tube BG4 collector electrode is connected between R7 and the R8; emitter is connected between D2 and the D3; base stage is connected on+extremely goes up by R9 and K and C1; R5 is connected in parallel between BG3 base stage and the emitter, sustained diode 1 be connected on F and+utmost point between.

The data of 14V adjuster are as follows in Fig. 1:

BG1 selects NPN type triode for use in Fig. 1, withstand voltage BVceO＞60V, electric current I CM＞7A, power P CM＞20W's, BG2 selects P NP type triode for use, withstand voltage BVceo＞40v, electric current I CM＞0.1A, power P CM＞0.5W's, BG3 selects NPN type triode, withstand voltage BVceO＞40V, electric current I CM＞0.1A, power P CM＞0.3W's for use, and BG4 selects NPN type triode, withstand voltage BVceO＞40V, electric current I CM＞0.1A, power P CM＞0.3W for use.Amplify figure place β value all＞40.D1 selects for use withstand voltage＞200V, electric current＞1A's.It is 7.5V, power＞0.25W that D2 selects the voltage stabilizing value for use.D3 selects for use withstand voltage＞100V, electric current＞0.1A's, C1 selects for use withstand voltage＞16V, capacity=10UF, C2 selects withstand voltage＞25V, capacity=1UF for use, L is on the reed pipe around 10 circles with 0.53 enamelled wire.K selects JAG-4H type tongue tube for use.R1 selects 0.5W, 1.2K Ω for use, and R2 selects 0.25W, 82 Ω for use, and R3 selects 1W, 150 Ω for use, and R4, R5 select 0.25W, 1K Ω for use, and R6, R9 select 0.25W, 1.2K Ω for use, and R7 adjusts resistance, selects for use about 0.25W, 200 Ω.R8 selects 0.25W, 470 Ω for use.

The data of 28V adjuster are as follows in Fig. 1:

BG1 selects NPN type triode for use, withstand voltage BVceO＞120V, electric current I CM＞7A, power P CM＞20W's, BG2 selects the positive-negative-positive triode for use, withstand voltage BVceO＞100V, electric current I CM＞0.3A, power P CM＞1W's, BG3 selects NPN type triode for use, withstand voltage BVceO＞100V, power P CM＞1W's, BG4 selects NPN type triode for use, withstand voltage BVceO＞100v, power P CM＞1W's, BG4 selects NPN type triode, withstand voltage BVceO＞60V for use, electric current I CM＞0.1A, power P CM＞0.3W's, multiplication factor β value all＞40.D1 selects for use withstand voltage＞400V, electric current＞1A's, it is 7.5V, power＞0.25W that D2 selects the voltage stabilizing value for use, D3 selects withstand voltage 100V, electric current＞0.1A's for use, it is 10VF that C1 selects withstand voltage 25V, capacity for use, L with 0.53 enamelled wire on tongue tube around 10 circles, K selects JAG-4H type tongue tube for use.R1 selects for use 0.25W, 2.4K, R2 to select for use 0.25W, 82 Ω, R3 to select 2W, 300 Ω for use, and R4, R5, R8 resistance are about 0.25W, 470 Ω.

Bedplate with thick to be that 3 aluminium sheet or iron plate are made long by 124, wide by 36, installing hole apart from be 100, the aperture is 8 flat board, cover cap with thick 0.5 iron plate and with base length and width shape that equate, as shown in Figure 3.Element board with have-+the U plastic frame of F terminals is fixed on the base, BG1 also is fixed on the base plate, utilizes base plate to make fin, but will with its insulation.Above list is mm.

Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 the operation principle of the utility model adjuster is summarized as follows:

After mains switch is connected, BG2 obtains bias voltage and conducting by R1, the BG1 base stage obtains also conducting of bias current, so dynamo field coil obtains exciting current, generator voltage rises, when the R6 both end voltage rises to the D2 puncture voltage, the breakdown conducting of D2, BG3 also conducting makes BG1 base stage and emitter short circuit, so BG1 ends, cut off the exciting current of generator, generator voltage is descended, the R6 both end voltage also descends, D2 is become by conducting and ends, BG3 also ends, and makes BG1 conducting once more, and generator voltage rises again.Go round and begin again like this, generator voltage is stabilized on the limit value.Adjusting the R7 resistance is limited between the 13.8-14.6 generator voltage.

To the advantage of the utility model adjuster, be not afraid of short circuit, open circuit below, the defencive function of overload and superpressure is summarized as follows:

The short-circuit protection function of this adjuster is to realize with BG2 is different with the on state characteristic of BG1; positive-negative-positive pipe because of the BG2 employing; behind power connection; as F end and+utmost point short circuit; just equal BG2 base stage and emitter short circuit; R3 is little because of the R2 resistance value ratio, and BG2 loses bias current and ends, so BG1 has obtained short-circuit protection.

After mains switch is connected, as+input of utmost point no-voltage, opening circuit property fault has taken place, + the utmost point can obtain being lower than the voltage of F end by D1, BG2 ends because of base voltage is higher than emitter voltage, BG1 is ended because of the base stage no current, and adjuster the work abnormality can not occur and make too high power consumption equipment and the adjuster itself of burning of generator voltage.Therefore adjuster has obtained open circuit protection.

After mains switch is connected, as the F end and+do not have dead short circuit between the utmost point, when short dot has 1 Europe or 2 Europe resistance, when the overload fault has just taken place, BG1 will flow through the 7-14A electric current, at this moment surpass current limit 5A because of the electric current that flows through L, make the K closure, the BG4 base stage has obtained bias current and conducting by R9, makes D2 puncture conducting, BG3 is conducting also, make BG1 base stage and emitter short circuit, BG1 ends, and has cut off the electric current among the L, K is opened, and BG1, D2, BG3 are become by, BG1 conducting once more by conducting.Go round and begin again like this, the conducting electric current of BG1 is limited because of in the limit value.Adjust the position of L on K, make the conducting electric current of BG1 reach limit value 5A.The effect of C1 is, when K closed thing, C1 was by short circuit dischange, and when K opened, charging can not end BG4 immediately because of C1 needs once more, so C1 plays the effect of time-delay, makes BG1 long deadline, and ON time is lacked.Therefore BG1 has obtained overcurrent protection, just overload protection.

Because of the limited compression functions of adjuster, voltage surpasses limit value BG1 and will end, this adjuster is said is not afraid of superpressure, be not unlimited, output voltage reaches as high as 35V during because of 14V dynamo field coil bonding, so the triode selected for use of this adjuster is withstand voltage is＞40V, and other element also meets 40V and calculates and select, as long as be no more than 40V for the 14V regulator voltage, this adjusting just can not damage.Eventually the above, it is the product of permanent use that the life-span of this adjuster can be considered.

Claims (2)

1; a kind of automobile alternator voltage regulator; it is characterized in that by BG1; BG2; R1; R2; R3; the electronic switch that R4 forms; by BG3; D2; D3; R5; R6; R7; the voltage limiter that R8 and C2 form; by L; K; C1; R9; BG4 and R8 form the contact switch and remove to trigger the flow restricter that D2 to BG3 base stage is formed; the afterflow device of forming by D1; its annexation is: efferent duct BG1 by coil L be connected on terminals F with-end; starting resistance R1 connects with divider resistance R2 and is connected in parallel between BG1 collector electrode and the emitter after the dividing potential drop; short-circuit protection pipe BG2 be connected on after R3 connects+utmost point and BG1 base stage between; base stage is connected between R1 and the R2; promote to manage BG3 and R4 and be connected between BG1 base stage and the emitter; and with the C2 series connection on negative pole; current-limiting resistance R8 and R7; the R6 series connection+; the bleeder circuit of forming D2 between the-utmost point; current limiting tube BG4 collector electrode is connected between R7 and the R8; emitter is connected between D2 and the D3; base stage is connected on+extremely goes up by R9 and K and C1; R5 is connected in parallel between BG3 base stage and the emitter, sustained diode 1 be connected on F and+utmost point between.

2, automobile alternator voltage regulator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: make contact K with JAG-4H type tongue tube and be connected the BG4 base stage with the C1 parallel connection by R9, constitute the non-contact type switch.

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