CN2255061Y

CN2255061Y - Mechanism calculator

Info

Publication number: CN2255061Y
Application number: CN 95245239
Authority: CN
Inventors: 段东东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-09-06
Filing date: 1995-09-06
Publication date: 1997-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2005-09-06

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mechanism calculator, a data input device of which comprises digit dial plates arranged on a panel, and digital plates arranged below the digit dial plates, wherein the digit dial plates are respectively arranged on respective longitudinal shafts. Longitudinal shaft gears are arranged on the longitudinal shafts and are engaged with transversal shaft gears which are arranged on transverse shafts, digit display wheels and carry bit gears are all arranged on the transverse shafts, and single teeth on the carry bit gears are dialled and matched with the longitudinal shaft gears which are positioned at the adjacent high position. The utility model overcomes the defects of large volume of an abacus, code memory, high cost of an electronic calculator and easy malfunction, and is not easy to master skillfully, and moreover, the utility model has the advantages of simple mastery and learning, and rapid and accurate calculation.

Description

Mechanical calculator

The utility model relates to a kind of counter instrument that adopts mechanical structure.

At present, the small-sized computational tool that people use always mainly is electronic calculator and abacus, it is many that electronic calculator generally has function, be easy to carry about with one, characteristics such as computing is accurate, rapid, but its cost is higher, be not easy to popularize, integrated circuit or keyswitch etc. is prone to fault, must regularly replace battery, principle of operation is not directly perceived, when carrying out arithmetic, must operate operational sign of four fundamental rules, arithmetic speed is also slightly slower than abacus in some cases, so this operational tool of traditional abacus is not eliminated so far yet.Abacus simple in structure, cost is low, and is easy and simple to handle, but need learn the computing pithy formula by heart, and skilled operation, is given up the throne and all need be operated at carry, can not guarantee the accuracy of computing fully, generally must adjust 2～3 times, and volume is big, and is not portable.

The purpose of this utility model is to avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art, and provides a kind of volume little, and cost is low, can automatic carry, give up the throne, computing rapidly, accurately, the mechanical calculator of easy to perform.

The purpose of this utility model can reach by following measure:

A kind of mechanical calculator, comprise data input device and the display window be located on the panel, be located at the arithmetic unit in the cabinet housing, its special character is, described data input device comprises each figure place dial and is located at the dial of its below respectively that described figure place dial is individually fixed on separately the longitudinal axis; Described arithmetic unit comprises that gearing, figure place show wheel and carry over facility, and described gearing comprises the longitudinal axis gear that is fixed on the longitudinal axis and can rotates together thereupon, with longitudinal axis gearing mesh and be fixed in the transverse axis gear that can rotate on the transverse axis thereupon; Described figure place shows that wheel is fixed on the transverse axis, and described display window is located on the panel and is shown the corresponding position of wheel with figure place; Described carry over facility is made of the carry gear that is fixed on the transverse axis, and it is a single-tooth gear, with the longitudinal axis gear plectrum of an adjacent high position movingly.

The side of each transverse axis gear of the present utility model all can be provided with position-limit mechanism, and it is external that operating rod one end of position-limit mechanism stretches out chassis shell, and the other end contacts with the transverse axis gear, is located at spring-loaded on the operating rod on the cabinet housing.

Vertical gear of the present utility model all can be ten with the number of teeth of the transverse axis gear that is engaged with, and described figure place shows that wheel surface can be provided with 0～90 uniform number.

The single-tooth gear of longitudinal axis gear of the present utility model, transverse axis gear and carry over facility all can be conical gear.

The utility model dial upper edge can be respectively equipped with 0～9 and 0～-9 liang of uniform group number with counter clockwise direction clockwise.

The accompanying drawing drawing is described as follows:

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the utility model panel.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model position-limit mechanism.

The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Referring to Fig. 1, the utlity model has a cabinet housing 2, on panel 3, establish respectively Units driver plate 4 is arranged, tens driver plate 8, hundred figure place driver plates 10, thousands digit driver plate 12 etc., It is individually fixed on separately the longitudinal axis, and the longitudinal axis is installed on the cabinet housing 2, at machine Can rotate under the supporting of tank shell 2. Individual position longitudinal axis gear 5 is positioned at cabinet housing 2, Be fixed on the position longitudinal axis 1, can rotate with the longitudinal axis 1. It is solid that individual position transverse axis 27 is installed in transverse axis Decide on the device 25, rotatable, transverse axis fixture 25 is strip or bulk, and it is fixed On cabinet housing 2. Individual position transverse axis gear 6 is fixed on the position transverse axis 27, and is vertical with individual position Shaft gear 5 is meshed, and two gears all were that the number of teeth is 10 bevel gear, with 1: 1 speed Transmission. Units shows that wheel 7 is fixed on the position transverse axis 27, which is provided with uniform 0～90 Arabic numerals. One's carry gear 9 also is fixed on the transverse axis 27, and it is monodentate Bevel gear, units driver plate 4 rotates a week, individual position longitudinal axis gear 5 a transmissions position transverse axis tooth Wheel 6 makes carry gear 9 also rotate a week, and the monodentate on it can be stirred ten longitudinal axis gears 26 rotate a tooth, and ten longitudinal axis gears 26 can drive ten transverse axis gears that are engaged with 24 rotate a tooth, and by ten transverse axis 23, tens shows that wheel 22 rotates a units, Realize thus carry. The rotation of tens driver plate 8 can by its longitudinal axis gear 26 drive with The transverse axis gear 24 of engagement rotate, make tens show that wheel 22 shows by transverse axis 23 and dial Data after dish 8 actions; The rotation of hundred figure place driver plates 10 can be by its longitudinal axis gear 11 bands The moving transverse axis gear that is engaged with 20 rotates, and makes hundred figure places show that wheel 19 is aobvious by transverse axis 18 Show the data after driver plate 10 moves; The rotation of thousands digit driver plate 12 can be passed through its longitudinal axis gear 16 drive the transverse axis gear 13 that is engaged with rotates, and makes thousands digit show wheel by transverse axis 15 14 show the data after driver plate 12 actions. When certain units driver plate rotates a week, with it The seniority top digit on the adjacent left side shows that wheel just rotated for 1/10th weeks, and the adjacent right side with it The lower-order digit on limit shows that wheel then can be not influenced. Ten carry gears 21, hundred carry teeth The structure of wheel 17 and work principle are with one's carry gear 9. List on the one's carry gear 9 The corresponding units of tooth shows between " 4 " and " 5 " two numerals of taking turns on 70 carry teeth Between " 0 " and " 9 " two numerals, individual on the corresponding tens demonstration of monodentate on the wheel 21 wheel 22 Figure place shows that wheel 7 and tens show the direction of action of wheel 22, hundred s', kilobit etc. The structural principle of carry gear and figure place demonstration wheel is analogized successively. Referring to Fig. 2, at panel 3 Upper each figure place driver plate below is provided with numeral dish 28, and is along clockwise direction equal on the numeral dish 28 Be provided with 0～90 number cloth, be provided with in uniform way in the counterclockwise direction 0～-90 Numeral. Numeral dish 28 can be an independent disk, is fixed on the panel 3, also can be with numeral Be set directly on the panel 3 and consist of. Be provided with ten uniform dial-up holes on the figure place driver plate Corresponding with every bit digital position on the numeral dish 28, also can arrange at figure place driver plate periphery Ten uniform teeth or other indication mark are arranged. Show the wheel phase with every units on the panel 3 Be provided with a position on the position of answering and show window 29, every switch one number of figure place driver plate is right Just show a corresponding number on the demonstration window 29 of answering. List on the one's carry gear 9 The corresponding units of tooth shows between " 4 " and " 5 " two numerals of taking turns on 70 carry teeth Between " 0 " and " 9 " two numerals, individual on the corresponding tens demonstration of monodentate on the wheel 21 wheel 22 Figure place shows that wheel 7 and tens show the direction of action of wheel 22. Hundred carry gears 17 analogize successively with the structural principle such as kilobit carry gear. By front knowing, when the units driver plate 4 rotations are during one week, and tens shows that wheel 22 should rotate for 1/10th weeks, but because inertia Effect, tens show that the rotation amount of wheel 22 may more than ten/week, so, In individual position, ten, hundred s', kilobit etc.

transverse axis gear

6,24,20,13 etc. side Face is respectively equipped with spacing mechanism 30, outside the control stick extending panel 3 of spacing mechanism 30, supplies Handle. Referring to Fig. 3, spacing mechanism 30 is by control stick 32 and spring 33 structures provided thereon Become, spring 33 is fixed on the cabinet housing 2, with the position restrainer on ten transverse axis gears 24 Structure is example, and the elastic force of spring 33 makes control stick 32 front ends contact with ten transverse axis gears 24, And it is applied certain pressure, as long as the active force of spring 33 is greater than because of the inertia effect Ten transverse axis gears 24 are applied in the power of spring 33, when the units driver plate rotates a week, Just can only make ten transverse axis gears 24 rotate a tooth by one's carry gear 9, thereby make Ten show that wheel 22 also just can only rotate for 1/10th weeks, namely turned over a figure place. Position restrainer 30 of structures provide constraints to carry or the seniority top digit of giving up the throne, and this figure place of input is not had work With, so when input is digital, for easy to operate, can press spacing mechanism 30, it is taken off From the transverse axis gear, to reduce the resistance of figure place driver plate.

To illustrate the method for operating of arithmetic below, establish the figure place dial be provided with dial on ten corresponding ten dial-up holes of numeral.

1, addition: 9+8=?

During operation, input earlier is several 9, and finger is placed in the dial-up hole corresponding with " 9 " on the dial 28 on the units dial 4, clockwise rotates, this dial-up hole is gone on the position corresponding with " 0 " on the dial 28, then show that with units the corresponding display window 29 of wheel 7 demonstrates numeral " 9 "; Again finger is placed on dial-up hole corresponding on the units dial 4 with " 8 " on the dial 28, clockwise this dial-up hole is gone on the position corresponding with " 0 " on the dial 28, then a position longitudinal axis gear 5 drive position transverse axis gear 6 corotation moved (9/10+8/10)= Week, units shows that wheel 7 was rotated for 17/10 week, show number " 7 " on its corresponding display window 29, one's carry gear 9 is when rotating a week with individual position transverse axis 27, monodentate on it is stirred a tooth with ten longitudinal axis gears 26, finish carry " 1 ", make tens show wheel 22 display digit " 1 " on ten display windows 31 of correspondence, the operation result of (9+8) is " 17 " at this moment as can be known.

2, subtraction: 17-8=?

Import " 1 " and " 7 " respectively by tens dial 8 and units dial 4, tens shows that wheel 22 was clockwise rotated for 1/10 week, and units shows that wheel 7 was clockwise rotated for 7/10 week, and then minuend " 17 " is transfused to.Again finger is placed in the dial-up hole corresponding on the units dial 4 with " 8 " on the dial 28, this dial-up hole is turned on the position corresponding in the counterclockwise direction with " 0 " on the dial 28, when units dial 4 was counterclockwise turned over for 7/10 week, units shows display digit " 0 " on the wheel 7, when units dial 4 continued to turn over 1/10 week in the counterclockwise direction, individual gears on the one's carry gear 9 stirred for 1/10 week with ten longitudinal axis gears 26 in the counterclockwise direction, through 24 transmission such as grade of ten transverse axis gears, make tens show that wheel 22 rotated for 1/10 week in the counterclockwise direction, realization is moved back one, is shown as " 0 " on its corresponding ten display windows 31; The aforementioned dial-up hole corresponding with " 8 " on the dial 28 gone in the counterclockwise direction with dial 28 on " 0 " corresponding position, numeral " 8 " input finishes, units demonstration wheel 7 corotation in the counterclockwise direction moved for 8/10 week, its corresponding display window 29 demonstrates " 9 ", be shown as " 0 " on ten display windows 31, the operation result of (17-8) is " 9 " at this moment as can be known.

3, multiplication: 27 * 35=?

1. carry out computing according to following step:

2. press the vertical principle of operation of multiplication of above-mentioned steps:

3. by vertical principle of operation, handle each figure place dial, by calculation step with per step multiplication result addition:

Hundred figure place dial tens dial units dial display windows

Hundred ten position first steps added for 6600 second steps and add 2 and added for 1810 the 3rd step and added for 1910 the 4th step and add 3 and add 5945 and know that by display window the operation result of (27 * 35) is 945.

4, division: 945 ÷ 35=?

1. the vertical principle of operation of division

2. earlier with dividend " 945 " input, press division examination merchant's operational method, operate each figure place dial and carry out subtraction, when the subtraction result was " 0 ", the examination quotient 27 during computing was to remove the formula operation result.

The utility model compared with prior art has following advantage:

The automatic carry of energy can be moved back when carrying out the subtraction computing automatically when 1, carrying out the addition computing The position can be started at from a high position, and four fundamental rules computing speed is all fast than abacus;

2, the four fundamental rules calculating process can demonstrate fully, principle of operation is described, is adapted to teaching;

3, need not the operation symbol, plus and minus calculation is faster than electronic calculator;

4, carry out the four fundamental rules computing and need not special-purpose pithy formula, the multiplication and division computing only need be grasped 99 and take advantage of The method pithy formula gets final product;

5, easy and simple to handle, be easy to grasp;

6, simple in structure, volume is little, and cost is low, is easy to carry, makes, and is difficult for decreasing Bad, long service life;

7, calculating accurately, rapidly.

Claims

1, a kind of mechanical calculator, comprise data input device and the display window be located on the panel, be located at the arithmetic unit in the cabinet housing, it is characterized in that: described data input device comprises each figure place dial and is located at the dial of its below respectively that described figure place dial is individually fixed on separately the longitudinal axis; Described arithmetic unit comprises that gearing, figure place show wheel and carry over facility, and described gearing comprises the longitudinal axis gear that is fixed on the longitudinal axis and can rotates together thereupon, with longitudinal axis gearing mesh and be fixed in the transverse axis gear that can rotate on the transverse axis thereupon; Described figure place shows that wheel is fixed on the transverse axis, and described display window is located on the panel and is shown the corresponding position of wheel with figure place; Described carry over facility is made of the carry gear that is fixed on the transverse axis, and it is a single-tooth gear, with the longitudinal axis gear plectrum of an adjacent high position movingly.

2, mechanical calculator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the side of described each transverse axis gear is equipped with position-limit mechanism, it is external that operating rod one end of position-limit mechanism stretches out chassis shell, and the other end contacts with the transverse axis gear, is located at spring-loaded on the operating rod on the cabinet housing.

3, mechanical calculator as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described vertical gear is ten with the number of teeth of the transverse axis gear that is engaged with, and described figure place shows that wheel surface is provided with 0～90 uniform number.

4, mechanical calculator as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the single-tooth gear of described longitudinal axis gear, transverse axis gear and carry over facility is conical gear.

5, mechanical calculator as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: described dial upper edge is respectively equipped with 0～9 and 0～-9 liang of uniform group number with counter clockwise direction clockwise.