CN2248187Y - Double-channel involute combined nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a double-channel involute combined nozzle. The utility model can cause gasification agent to go through a cyclone to generate rotating flow so as to have fine atomizing and mixing effects and promote rapid mixing between the gasification agent and fuel and also form stable recirculation zones of interior and exterior in a gasification furnace. The nozzle which uses residual oil as crude material is mainly used for producing synthesis gas, fuel gas and reducing gas, particularly for the production of the synthesis gas.

Description

Two channels inward turning combined nozzle

The present invention relates to a kind of atomization of liquid diverting device.

As everyone knows, synthetic gas is a hydrogenation reaction, synthetic ammonia, and the important source material of methyl alcohol and other hydrocarbon polymer and oxygen-containing organic compound has high economic worth.The synthetic gas production technology is occupied critical role as the tap of development carbon one chemical industry in the Chemical Manufacture in future.

Nozzle involved in the present invention just is used for synthetic gas, the production of the production process of fuel gas and reducing gas, particularly synthetic gas.This process is a raw material with hydro carbons (Sweet natural gas, lighter hydrocarbons, residual oil etc.) or coal water slurry, is main vaporized chemical with oxygen-rich air or pure oxygen, with water vapour, and water or CO ₂As vaporized chemical and temperature regulato, realize by partial oxidation reaction.

Partial oxidation process is produced the synthetic gas technology and is come out the beginning of the fifties, and this technology is because of the production intensity height, and raw material is applied widely and cause people's generally attention.Through updating of technical elements over nearly 40 years, obtained using widely, especially at the synthetic gas production field.Wherein be typically the two channels airflow atomizing nozzle of Texaco Oil's exploitation the most, relevant document has: US2928460, and US3445960, US4113445, the characteristics of this nozzle are simple in structure, and are easy to maintenance.But in industrial production, there is following problem:

1. refractory brick life is short.Vapourizing furnace tapering refractory brick is seriously ablated, and the domestic brick life-span only is ten months, and factory's turnaround certainly will be for about refractory brick life institute.

2. effective gas (CO+H ₂) composition is low, fluctuation about 90% usually.CO ₂Content is then higher, and sometimes even up to 10%, each producer of only this item produces about 5000 tons of synthetic ammonia every year less.

3. slagging scorification.Per about two months must the blowing out scarfing cinder once, stop surplus in the of ten hour at every turn, have a strong impact on ordinary production.

4. synthetic ammonia content was higher during vapourizing furnace was worked off one's feeling vent one's spleen, and caused the downstream section line clogging, influenced total system and ran well.

All this kind is all closely related with nozzle arrangements.Partial oxidation reaction generally carries out under high temperature (1250-1450 ℃), and chemical reaction velocity is exceedingly fast, and whole process is a mixture control.The concentration that this process is carried out, temperature distribution depend on the flow field of nozzle and the formation of body of heater coupling entirely, and this is a critical function of nozzle.Another critical function of nozzle is to make liquid fuel atomization, and promotes effectively to mix rapidly between fuel and the vaporized chemical, avoids local peroxide or oxygen deprivation, and peroxide often produces too much CO ₂, make local temperature too high, for refractory brick is ablated and objective condition has been created in slagging scorification; Oxygen deprivation then makes the extremely acute rising of carbon black growing amount.The both can cause effective gas content to descend.

Purpose of the present invention just is to provide a kind of novel two channels inward turning combined nozzle, improve the mixing and the atomizing effect of former nozzle, nozzle and existing body of heater are complementary, form suitable flow field, thereby prolongation refractory brick life, improve effective pneumatolytic branch, suppress slagging scorification, micro-ammonia content during the reduction vapourizing furnace is worked off one's feeling vent one's spleen.

Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of two channels inward turning combined nozzle, this nozzle comprises two concentric jet pipes (22,23), core jet pipe (22) links to each other with vaporized chemical import (7) passage by first tubular member (12), and a swirler (13) is installed in the passage.Outer annular space jet pipe (23) links to each other with import (8) passage of fuel and temperature regulation agent composition by second tubular member (11); Described core jet pipe (22) and its exit end of annular space jet pipe (23) are rounded usually; First tubular member (12) and second tubular member (11) are connected by flange (9,10), and nozzle body links to each other with the vapourizing furnace reaction chamber by a boss flange (6); There is a cooling room (17) in the nozzle head outside, and water coolant is sent through outlet coiled pipe (4) by entering pipe (3) by being pumped into cooling room again.

Aforesaid eddy flow generator (13) can be a spiral groove type, also can be the axial blade formula, decides on the reaction medium that centre channel is walked.

Nozzle of the present invention has following effect:

When adopting nozzle of the present invention, reaction mass enters swirler by centre channel, thereby generation rotational flow, atomizing angle increases, quickened mixing of center and annular space storeroom, and improved the liquid fuel atomization effect, simultaneously below formed a stable centers recirculating zone, this recirculating zone has the following advantages:

1. quicken mixing between fuel and the vaporized chemical, the length of flame is shortened, protected vapourizing furnace bottom refractory brick.

2. stationary flame improves intensity of combustion, the scope of combustion zone is dwindled, thereby increased the reaction compartment in secondary reaction district, helps reducing the carbon black growing amount, improves vapourizing furnace and exports effective gas content, micro-ammonia content during reduction is worked off one's feeling vent one's spleen simultaneously.

3. help in vapourizing furnace, forming relatively uniform temperature and concentration field, avoided the appearance in localized hyperthermia district, eliminate the objective condition of refractory brick ablation and slagging scorification, refractory brick is in the comparatively gentle environment all the time, helped improving on the whole refractory brick life.

The present invention is mainly used in the production of synthetic gas, also can be used for the production of fuel gas and reducing gas; When the production that is used for synthetic gas, its raw material can be hydro carbons, also can be coal water slurry, and wherein hydro carbons can comprise natural gas, oil field gas, petroleum naphtha, diesel oil, heavy oil, normal vacuum residuum, pitch and rock page or leaf oil.

Below enumerate example and further specify effect of the present invention:

With residual oil is raw material, and 98% oxygen is vaporized chemical, and water vapour is temperature regulato, residual oil is preheating to 200 ℃ after with 320 ℃, 100Kg/cm ³Water vapour mix, enter vapourizing furnace through the annular space nozzle, oxygen enters vapourizing furnace at normal temperatures, its pressure is 97Kg/cm ³Oil product composition and character are as follows:

Proportion (100/4 ℃) 0.9176

(150/4℃) 00.8866

Kinematic viscosity (CST)

100℃ 1690.3

150℃ 151.2

200℃ 34.5

Flash-point (℃) 320.0

Yield point (℃) 63.0

Carbon residue (WT%) 14.06

Elementary composition (WT%)

C 86.51

H 12.20

O 0.38

N 0.60

S 0.24

ASH 0.07

Calorific value (low) 9940Kcal/Kg

Operational condition:

Vapor pressure: 87Kg/cm ³

Oxygen oil ratio: 0.8Nm ³/ Kg

Steam oil ratio 0.5Kg/Kg

It is as shown in the table that (vol%, butt) formed in the vapourizing furnace outlet:

Existing nozzle nozzle of the present invention

H ₂ 46-48 47-49

CO 41-43 43-45

CO ₂ 7-8 5.5-6.5

COS 0.002 0.002

H ₂S 0.05 0.05

CH ₄ 0.571 0.463

N ₂ 0.147 0.174

Ar 0.094 0.11

NH ₃ 0.068 0.041

As seen from the table, effectively pneumatolytic divides raising 2-4%, CO ₂Content reduces.

Refractory brick life obviously prolongs after using nozzle of the present invention in a word, and effectively the pneumatolytic branch will be significantly improved, and slagging scorification has obtained inhibition, and ammonia content also will have decline significantly in working off one's feeling vent one's spleen.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the plan view of nozzle

The longitudinal sectional drawing that accompanying drawing 2 dissects along the A-A face for accompanying drawing 1

Accompanying drawing 3 cuts open the cross-sectional view of getting in the accompanying drawing 2 along the B-B face

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done further detailed description:

As shown in Figure 1, nozzle 2 links with passage 1, and the passage by the extension in vapourizing furnace top enters in the reaction chamber of vapourizing furnace, is linked to each other with vapourizing furnace by convex flange 6.Cooling tube 3 then is input to heat-eliminating medium in the nozzle cooling room 17 continuously.

Import 7 guiding vaporized chemicals (vaporized chemical generally includes air, amount of oxygen greater than 21% oxygen-rich air and content greater than 95% pure oxygen) through central nozzle, make vaporized chemical produce rotational flow by swirler 13, and make its acceleration at center nozzle 22 places.The mixture of import 8 guiding steams (or other temperature regulato) and fuel (residual oil or other fuel) makes it to enter into outer nozzle 16 by outer annular space passage 11 and quickens.Two strands of materials mix below nozzle, and make mist of oil turn to minimum symmetrical liquid drop.

Central nozzle 15 is welded on the centre pipe shown in Figure 2 12, is positioned at its below, and separates mutually with outer nozzle by regulating flange 14, and adjusting flange 14 is guaranteed the concentricity between central nozzle and the annular space nozzle.Annular space nozzle 16 constitutes a circular channel 23 with the outside surface of central nozzle 15, and the mixture of fuel and temperature regulato enters in the vapourizing furnace by this circular channel 23, and temperature regulato is generally water vapour, also can water and CO ₂

There is a contraction mouth 25 central nozzle 22 tops in the accompanying drawing 2, its surface is generally 15 °-60 ° with axis angle α, its outside angle of inclination beta is usually between 30 °-80 °, annular space nozzle medial surface and axis angle γ are generally between 20 °-75 °, and itself and cooling room protruding 18 extension mouths that constituted 24 inner surfaces and axis angle τ are between 30 °-60 °.

The external diameter of swirler 13 is identical with the internal diameter of centre channel 12, and its internal diameter can be determined on a case-by-case basis, and generally between 0.1-0.8, swirler 13 freely is placed in the centre channel ratio of interior external diameter.This swirler can be a spiral groove type, can be the axial blade formula also, decides on the medium of wherein being walked.For example, a kind of form before can adopting when liquid fuel is walked at the center is excellent with axial blade formula swirler then when vaporized chemical or other gas material are walked in the center, and spiral slot or blade and axis angle can change between 15 °-75 °.

As shown in Figure 2, there is a cooling room 17 in the nozzle outside, is limited by internal surface 19, and 19 have formed the outer edge of annular space nozzle, and forms an extension mouth 24 with cooling room tail end convex wall 18, and cooling tube 3 offers cooling room 17 with refrigerant.

Claims (4)

1. two channels inward turning combined nozzle, it is characterized in that comprising a core jet pipe (22), another and the concentric annular space jet pipe of core jet pipe (22) (23), first tubular member (12) and another and (12) identical second tubular member (11) also comprise an eddy flow generator (13) and nozzle cooling room (17); Wherein

A core jet pipe (22) outlet is rounded usually, also links with it below first tubular member, and first tubular member (12) communicates with vaporized chemical import (7) again;

B eddy flow generator (13) is positioned at first tubular member (12) the formed passage that links to each other with core jet pipe (22);

C annular space jet pipe (23) outlet is rounded, in second tubular member (12) below and be attached thereto and connect, there is a cooling room (17) in annular space jet pipe (23) outside, cooling room (17) links to each other with coiled pipe (4) with entrance of cooling water pipe (3), cooling room (17) forms an extension mouth (24) with annular space nozzle exit (16), and second tubular member (11) links to each other with the import (8) of fuel and temperature regulation agent composition;

D first tubular member (12) and second tubular member (11) are connected by flange (9,10),

The whole nozzle of e (1) is connected with the vapourizing furnace body of heater by boss flange (6).

2. nozzle according to claim 1 is characterized in that the interior angle of throat α of core jet pipe (22) is 15 °-60 °, and its outside angle of inclination beta is between 30 °-80 °.

3. nozzle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that swirler (13) is a spiral groove type, or the axial blade formula, its external diameter equates with first tubular member (12) internal diameter, interior outside radius is through being between 0.1-0.8, and the angle of spiral slot or axial blade and axis is 15 °-75 °.

4. nozzle according to claim 1 is characterized in that annular space nozzle (23) inner surface and between centers angle γ are 20 °-75 °, and the extension mouth (24) that itself and cooling room (17) form is 30 °-60 ° with axis angle τ.

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