CN2237424Y - Bone pad and relative artificial limb for stump of human lower limb - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the artificial limb of the lower limb of human body. The utility model mainly solves that after a thigh and a shank are amputated, a special bone pad and a semi-open type socket for containing the bone pad are arranged, and the utility model can realize that the stump of the lower limb of the human body can bear load. The end cover of the bone pad is in petal shape and a column is a quadrangular body. When amputation is carried out, after skin, blood vessels, nerves, a marrow cavity and muscle are processed, the bone pad is inserted in the marrow cavity and bone cement is used for inlaying the bone pad. A grommet and a lacing rope are arranged on the socket which is made of cowskin leather sole, and the socket and the connector of the artificial limb are mutually connected. The technique can realize that the lower limb can bear load, contribute to the installation of the artificial limb, and relieve a patient's pain. The utility model is good for limb-disabled people returning to society, realizing earning one's own living and lightening social burden.

Description

The human body lower limbs stump is with bone pad and corresponding artificial limb

This utility model relates to pseudocolloid, especially for a kind of can realize thigh or below knee amputation after, its stump directly load-bearing contain special bone pad and corresponding pseudocolloid thereof.

As everyone knows, after the human body lower limbs amputation, except that the amputation of the SYME third constellations and knee joint from disconnected amputation, stump all can not be stressed.Thus, although artificial limb engineer, artificial limb installation technician have done many improvement to receptive cavity, joint, false foot all over the world, the gait of patients with amputation is still undesirable, and the lower limb physiological function still can not get satisfied benefit and tastes.

As everybody knows, now domestic and international popular artificial thigh is main weight bearing area with ischial tuberosity, and below-knee prosthesis be main weight bearing area with the kneecap band of threading, thus, during the making artificial limb, must be conscientiously careful to the making of receptive cavity, and essential factor people and the wing; In the receptive cavity selection, because of the needs of load-bearing, must select rigid material, even improved flexible receptive cavity also must be furnished with rigid support (ISNY type).This shows, existing shape artificial limb interchangeability is poor, hygroscopicity, breathability are poor, the patient sits, honor is uncomfortable, be a certain specific part particularly owing to the main weight bearing area of deformed limb, patient's support phase in the process of walking, the impetus of ground reaction force and direction, depart from normal person ground reaction force impetus and direction when walking, gait is undesirable when causing the patient to walk.

The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the weak point in the above prior art, and provide a kind of can realize thigh or below knee amputation after, stump directly load-bearing contain special bone pad and corresponding artificial limb.

This utility model further specifies middle in conjunction with the accompanying drawings embodiment:

Fig. 1,2,3,4,5 is accompanying drawing in the prior art, wherein:

1/3 section gauge figure in the bone thigh that Fig. 1 behaves,

Fig. 2 is the approximate calculation figure of Fig. 1,

The ischial tuberosity that Fig. 3 behaves is main load receiving part bitmap,

The below-knee prosthesis that Fig. 4 behaves is main load receiving part bitmap with patellar ligament,

Be the load receiving part bitmap with rigid support (interchangeability is poor) in the artificial limb that Fig. 5 behaves,

The petal bone pad master TV structure figure that uses in the deformed limb that Fig. 6 behaves,

Fig. 7 be Fig. 6 vertical view,

Fig. 8 is an A-A sectional view among Fig. 6,

On the lower limb thigh that Fig. 9 behaves, contain the artificial limb sagittal plane cutaway view of the receptive cavity of bone pad,

Wear artificial limb figure on the lower limb thigh that Figure 10 behaves,

Figure 11 is a B-B profile among Figure 10,

On the lower limb shank that Figure 12 behaves, contain the artificial limb sagittal plane cutaway view of the receptive cavity of bone pad,

On the lower limb shank that Figure 13 behaves, wear artificial limb figure.

In the diagram zero, parts and position sequence number thereof:

01, people's artificial thigh, with ischial tuberosity is main weight bearing area place, 02, people's below-knee prosthesis is main weight bearing area place with patellar ligament, 03, the rigid support of ISNY type, 04, flexible receptive cavity, 1, the end cap of petal bone pad, 2, chamfering on the bone pad end cap, 3, cross section on the bone pad end cap column, 4, the receptive cavity of artificial limb, 5, buttonhole on the receptive cavity, 6, rope on the receptive cavity, 7, soft lining between human body and the receptive cavity, 8, colour of skin ankle socks, 9, special petal bone pad, 05, the artificial limb adapter, 06, knee joint, 07, foam cover, 08, stay pipe, 09, false foot, 10, people's thigh, 11, thigh bone, 12, bone cavity in the thigh bone.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that

Stump load-bearing amputation principle

For making the load-bearing of lower limb stump energy, we install " a bone pad " at deformed limb bone stump, make epiphysis and its muscle of parcel, by annular contact complanation contact, enlarge contact surface, reduce the unit pressure of epiphysis to muscle, epiphysis can not pressed frustrate its muscle of parcel, thereby make directly load-bearing of stump.After artificial limb is installed like this, when walking, stressedly be similar to the abled person.We are referred to as this technology: " stump load-bearing lower extremity amputation art " and " stump load-bearing artificial leg

The bone pad

We to the design of bone pad based on human physiology, anatomy and materialogy.

According to human anatomy, we measure statistics to the man's of body weight 60Kg femur, 1/3 cross section such as Fig. 1 in the femur.

Calculate for simplifying, we suppose that approx it is that an annular is as Fig. 2.This annulus area: $S=\[{\left(\frac{25}{2}\right)}^2-\left(\frac{10}{2}\right)\]\mathrm{\π}=412.34\left({\mathrm{mm}}^2\right)$

Support the phase at single lower limb, the pressure that its epiphysis unit are is born, proximately think:

60Kg÷412.34mm ²＝0.146Kg/mm ²

1, the shape of bone pad and size:

1. for improving the ability of deformed limb control artificial limb, we make bone pad top petal;

(2) for improving the stability on the bone pad implantation live body bone, prevent when walking because of being subjected to torsional interaction (about BNM), and the bone pad is rotated at kindred, we do the growth four bank or ridge with the bone handle, its cross section is: front and back end sideband radian, the right and left are the prismatical cross section that intilted limit constituted.

Its size, we divide bone thigh, neck two classes, according to the human body normal size, with its seriation.

Be of a size of example, the shape of bone pad, size such as Fig. 3 with 1/3 cross section statistics in male's adult bone thigh.

By Fig. 3 bone pad top end area be:

Radian, i.e. 1 radian=57.3 °

=988.6 (mm ²)

The pressure that bone pad unit are is born is:

60Kg÷988.6.mm ²＝0.0607Kg/mm ²

See by the contrast of above result of calculation, the pressure that bone pad unit are is born be the end add the bone pad 41%, illustrate that be effective with bone pad reduction bone stump to the pressure power of frustrating of muscle.

2, drawing materials of bone pad:

We select for use medical supra polymer " polyethylene " (UHMWPE) or " carbon fibre " make the bone pad.Performances such as the histocompatibility of these materials, mar proof and anti-skin labor intensity in current biomaterial, all are comparatively ideal; And do not influence the operation receiveing person and make special examineds such as magnetic resonance later on.

Implantable bone pad amputation

1, skin treatments:

For making deformed limb skin obtain good activeness and contractility, influence under the situation sanguimotor in the minimizing of trying one's best, should adopt " rear side flap " to keep longer excision way usually; And behind wound healing, its cicatrix should definitely be avoided on weight-bearing surface, and makes little that cicatrix tries one's best.

2, the processing of blood vessel:

Even tiny blood vessel also should stop blooding when undergoing surgery fully, otherwise will be because of forming hematoma, and influence the installation of artificial limb.Must dual ligaturing for big arteriovenous.

3, Shen Jing processing:

During operation, gently draw nerve,, cut off with sharp scalpel at distance epiphysis 3～4cm place.When cutting off and sew up nerve, must be noted that neuromatous formation of prevention and bleeding.

4, the processing of bone:

1. during amputation, generally estimating that the knochenbruch position peels off periosteum; And during below knee amputation, the fibula periosteum stripping begins the place of incision that bone will be longer than in the position, so that open pulp cavity behind the sealing knochenbruch.

2. behind the knochenbruch, should with marrow expanding device pulp cavity be accomplished oval then as far as possible with the epiphysis equating, the approximate prismatical cross sectional shape of bone pad is inserted people's bone pad, and inlays with bone cement.

5. the processing of muscle:

1. determine the knochenbruch position, should guarantee that muscle is sewed up after, identical before its tension and the amputation;

2. for reaching the purpose of deformed limb load-bearing and the function that improves deformed limb, the part of muscle should be stuck in the petal recess in bone pad top, sew up in the side then; Another part muscle encases whole bone pad, sews up O in the side and avoids sewing up at the weight-bearing surface position.

Method on this bone pad and the implantation live body bone is excised the amputation from disconnected, half side pelvis except that SYME amputation, knee disarticulation, marrow joint, is suitable for the amputation at other position of lower limb.

Stump load-bearing artificial leg

For adapting to force-applied this new amputation technology of meromelia extremity, must do new design to existing artificial limb.

New prosthetic socket 4 selects for use the cattle bottom leather to make, and has so just solved breathability and hygroscopic problem.But because the stump load-bearing, receptive cavity 4 is made semi-open type and with rope 6 bundle jails, is made it all to contact with deformed limb, is ground for preventing fibular head for below-knee prosthesis, more needs to add soft lining 7.

For preventing to produce torsion phenomenon between receptive cavity and the stump, transtibial sockets will press down at popliteal nest place, and transfemoral sockets outside in femur will press down.

New artificial limb is because stump is main weight bearing area, and stump is real full the contact with receptive cavity, thereby has avoided the local pressure phenomenon, causes stressed consistently with the normal person, and do not influence blood and transports, so deformed limb can not produce the atrophy phenomenon yet.

The various connectors of artificial limb, joint, false foot be the product of available current popular still.

This human body lower limbs pseudocolloid, mainly constitute by artificial limb adapter 05, knee joint 06. foam cover 07, stay pipe 08, false foot 09, this lower limb pseudocolloid is " a human body lower limbs stump with bone pad and corresponding artificial limb ", its bone pad 9 is petal bone pad, promptly form by petal end cap 1 and four prism type column two parts, the cross section 3 of column is for the end, front and back has certain radian, the right and left has certain leaning angle sealing to constitute, and the four prism type column is inserted in the medullary cavity of amputation on needing; Its corresponding artificial limb is made of the parts such as receptive cavity 4, colour of skin ankle socks 8 and adapter 05 of the soft lining 7 that contains bone pad 9, the human body, on semi-open type receptive cavity 4, be provided with buttonhole 5 and 6 tighten with restricting, colour of skin ankle socks 8 be located at foam cover 07 and tighten after the outer surface of receptive cavity 4.

The material of said bone pad 9 can be medical high polymer polyethylene---UHMWPE, also can be carbon fibre; The material of receptive cavity 4 can be the cattle bottom leather and handles through softening.

Good effect of the present utility model:

The human body lower limbs stump is with bone pad (special petal bone pad) and corresponding artificial limb (main part is: contain buttonhole, tighten the semi-open type receptive cavity that can contain the bone pad of the Corii Bovis seu Bubali bottom leather material of rope), can realize lower limb (thigh, shank) load-bearing, bring convenience for the installation artificial limb, the patient is palliated the agonizing sufferings, be more conducive to disabled people and return society and work, reach that body is residual still can participate in social comings and goings, realize supporting oneself, alleviate the burden of society disabled people.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of human body lower limbs pseudocolloid, mainly by artificial limb adapter 05, knee joint 06, foam cover 07, stay pipe 08, false foot 09 constitute, it is characterized in that this lower limb pseudocolloid is " human body lower limbs stump with bone pad and corresponding artificial limb ", its bone pad 9 is petal-shaped bone pad, promptly form by petal-shaped end cap 1 and four prism type column two parts, the cross section 3 of column has certain radian for the end, front and back, the right and left has certain leaning angle sealing to constitute, and the four prism type column is inserted in the medullary cavity of amputation on needing; Its corresponding artificial limb is made of the parts such as receptive cavity 4, colour of skin ankle socks 8 and adapter 05 of the soft lining 7 that contains bone pad 9, the human body, on semi-open type receptive cavity 4, be provided with buttonhole 5 and 6 tighten with restricting, colour of skin ankle socks 8 be located at foam cover 07 and tighten after the outer surface of receptive cavity 4.

2, pseudocolloid according to claim 1 is characterized in that the material of said bone pad 9 can be ultra high molecular polyethylene---UHMWPE also can be carbon fibre; The material of receptive cavity 4 is the softening processing of cattle bottom leather and warp.

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