CN2235719Y

CN2235719Y - Fully-automatic machine for forming dough into its final shape

Info

Publication number: CN2235719Y
Application number: CN95205307U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张文松
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-03-21
Filing date: 1995-03-21
Publication date: 1996-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 2005-03-21

Abstract

The utility model relates to a fully-automatic machine for forming dough. The fully-automatic machine for forming dough is formed by assembling a fully-automatic stripping dough forming device, a dough rolling quantitative device, a dough boiling maturing device, a cooling device, a dewatering device, an oil mixing device, etc. The weight of rolling dough is equal, the appearance of the product is neat and regular, the skilled manpower is saved, and the operation time is shortened.

Description

Full-automatic dough-forming extruding machine

The utility model relates to a kind of full-automatic dough-forming extruding machine; Its by full automatic itemize system face, volume face quantitatively, boil looking familiar, cooling, dehydration, oil and a series of devices such as mix and combine the effect that reaches volume face weight unanimity, the neat rule of product appearance and save manpower and shorten the activity duration.

Traditional system face industry often must manage to do into identical deal with noodles into strips earlier, and the face that rolls up volume, its mode of operation is after directly face being made noodles via noodle machine, just adopt with the most traditional manual type, directly noodles are done one and slightly pull apart behind the equal length, and then with both hands it is wound into the face volume of a volume volume singly again with both hands; So make the face volume make, cause outside the noodles length of at every turn being pulled apart differs, and each face volume size that is wound into differs especially, and then make whole face roll up outward appearance to differ in a jumble especially not only because of after directly pulling apart noodles with both hands at first; Especially whole system face process all with manual type for it, the product inaccuracy of cause suitable labor intensive, making, and everyone achievable quantity is quite limited, and can't reach the required of market, more because of doing the operation of volume face with both hands, and make the health of product very allow people's worry especially.

In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of full-automatic dough-forming extruding machine, its can automatically finish itemize system face, quantitatively roll up face, boil looking familiar, cooling, dehydration, oil and a series of operation process such as mix, cross to improve output, weight unanimity, outward appearance neat, save manpower and shorten the effect of activity duration.

For achieving the above object, the full-automatic dough-forming extruding machine that provides of the utility model comprises by one group of pressed surface roller, one group of a face itemize roller, cutoff tool group and is positioned at the system face device that the noodles beam splitting guide plate of cutoff tool group below is formed; Also comprise:

One reciprocal folding conveying device, it is positioned at the below of the noodles beam splitting guide plate of system face device, and the motor transmission mechanisms that driven and control the different running of conveyer belt do throughput directions by a conveyer belt with are formed;

One roller coiling conveying device, it is positioned at the terminal below of reciprocal folding conveying device, and it comprises: a motor transmission mechanism; One adds the conveyer belt of delivery wheel in nearly middle section, it is done running by motor transmission mechanism band and advances; Several coiling rollers become to be set up in parallel, and it is positioned at place, below slightly, delivery wheel rear end that the conveyer belt stage casing adds, and the bottom contacts with conveyer belt; One is articulated in the support body in delivery wheel the place ahead that the conveyer belt stage casing added, its bottom drives the coiling roller with fractional motor and cooperates the rotation of ratchet bar strip, and is provided with in the support body bilateral symmetry that a control support body is done lifting and then control coiling roller is done with the conveyer belt that is positioned at delivery wheel place, stage casing or the pneumatic cylinder elevating mechanism of separating action; Array is positioned at pusher, the pressurizing unit of conveyer belt leading portion top;

This group of pusher is installed on the preceding conveyer belt of delivery wheel, and is locating to install additional one group of pressurizing unit near above the support body; Wherein, this pusher is erected on the frame-saw with the push pedal at one group of hydraulic pressure reciprocator end place, and this frame-saw is installed on the body of noodle machine again; And this pressurizing unit is rolled into top, type place by one group of hydraulic pressure reciprocator face of being installed in, and is provided with briquetting at the end place of hydraulic pressure reciprocator;

One boils the face groove, and it is located at roller coiling conveying device rear, and it comprises: one boils the face frame; One is located at and boils the face that the boils bucket that face frame epimere and inboard periphery are provided with heat-preservation cotton, and the one side connects a water inlet pipe, a steam pipe respectively, and the below, bottom is provided with drainpipe; The one rear side epimere of putting the veil basket is hubbed at a body of rod on the end face that boils the face frame, and its end Duan Zeke places and boils in the face bucket, and its periphery then is provided with the infiltration hole; One is arranged at the cylinder that boils face frame one side, the connecting rod that the end of its set axle articulates with put the set body of rod in veil basket rear side stage casing and be connected;

One bath groove, it is located at and boils face groove rear, and it comprises: a periphery is provided with the cooling basket of leaking hole, and its rear side epimere is hubbed on the end face of a support body with a body of rod; One is mounted on the water plug of cooling basket top, and it extracts cooling water in the water tank by a suction pump, flows into a bath basket that is fixedly arranged on the fixed mount of support body end face by the road; One is located at the water container of cooling basket below; One is located at the cylinder of support body one side, and terminal connecting rod that articulates of set axle is connected with the body of rod of being located at cooling basket rear side epimere on it;

One drip, it is located at bath groove rear, and it comprises: an inner bottom is provided with the basket that drips of screen cloth, and its rear side epimere is articulated on the end face of a support body with a body of rod; The linkage that the one axle interlock one of being located at the cylinder of support body below makes progress, this linkage end are provided with a fan that is positioned at the basket one side top of dripping; One is located at the cylinder of support body one side, and end of set axle articulates a body of rod on it, and this connecting rod end is connected with the body of rod of the basket rear side epimere that drips; This drip is the bucket-shaped chamber of an awl, and a suction motor is established in its bottom;

One mixes oily machine; It is located at the drip rear, and it comprises: a hollow mix the top that oil tube is hubbed at a support body, its outboard peripheries ring is established and is fixed with two colloid runners; The live roller of two groups of grooves that are connected with the body of rod and are provided with is located at and is mixed on the periphery of the oil tube colloid roller relative position that periphery was set firmly, and cooperates rotation with the colloid runner periphery embedding system of mixing the oil tube; One motor drives this live roller by a chain; One is located at the fuel tank of below, support body bottom, by a pump edible oil in it is injected through spray bar and mixes in the oil tube; One is located at the cylinder of support body one side, its set axle terminal with mix oil tube bottom and articulate.

Now with regard to architectural feature of the present utility model and operation etc., in the mode of conjunction with figs. explanation, detailed row record and narrate in after.

Fig. 1 is a stereo appearance figure of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is one of operational flowchart of volume face portion of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 A be volume face portion of the present utility model operational flowchart two.

Fig. 3 B be volume face portion of the present utility model operational flowchart three.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of relevant volume face of the present utility model toward the rear section.

Fig. 5 A is the front view that boils the operation signal of face groove of the present utility model.

Fig. 5 B is the right view that boils the operation signal of face groove of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 A is the front view of the operation signal of drip of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 B is the right view of the operation signal of drip of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 C is the top view of the operation signal of drip of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 A is a front view of mixing the operation signal of oily machine of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 B is a right view of mixing the operation signal of oily machine of the present utility model.

At first please cooperate and consult shown in Fig. 1,2,3A, the 3B, the utility model mainly comprises by one group of pressed surface roller 21, one group of a face itemize roller 22, cutoff tool group 23 and is positioned at the system face device 2 that the noodles beam splitting guide plate 24 of cutoff tool group 23 belows is formed; A face S who makes whole bundle places on the support body 25 on system face device 2 tops, its front end drawn in pressed surface roller 21 and be rolled into must thickness, through itemize roller 22 a face S is squeezed into noodles S1 again, forms two bundles or the noodles S1 outflow more than two bundles along the set beam splitting guide plate 24 in cutoff tool group 23 belows.Below in this noodles beam splitting guide plate 24 also comprises:

Reciprocal folding conveying device 1, it is positioned at noodles beam splitting guide plate 24 belows of system face device 2, can be driven conveyer belt 11 runnings and can be controlled its different motor transmission mechanisms 12 that turn round throughput directions and be formed by a conveyer belt 11 and.

Roller coiling conveying device 4, it is positioned at reciprocal folding conveying device 1 terminal below, and it comprises: a motor transmission mechanism 41; One adds the conveyer belt 42 of delivery wheel 421 in nearly middle section, it is driven by motor transmission mechanism 41 and does running and advance; Several coiling rollers are set up in parallel for 43 one-tenth, and it is positioned at place, below slightly, delivery wheel 421 rear ends that conveyer belt 42 stage casings add, and the bottom contacts with conveyer belt 42, and then can control 42 one-tenth downward-sloping advancing of conveyer belt; One is articulated in the support body 44 in delivery wheel 421 the place aheads that conveyer belt 42 nearly stage casings are added, its bottom drives coiling roller 43 and cooperates 442 rotations of ratchet bar strip with a fractional motor 441, and control whole frame body by a pneumatic cylinder elevating mechanism 443 of these support body 44 bilateral symmetry settings and do lifting, and then can control coiling roller 43 and do or separating action with the conveyer belt 42 that is positioned at stage casing delivery wheel 421 places; The bundle number that array cooperates noodles S1 to be divided into through beam splitting guide plate 24, and being positioned at conveyer belt 42 leading portions above, pusher 3A, the pressurizing unit 3B that can definitely advance along conveyer belt 42 works definitely for noodles S1.

This group of pusher 3A is installed on the preceding conveyer belt 42 of delivery wheel 421, and locating to install additional one group of pressurizing unit 3B by above the support body 44, and the position of coiling roller 43 is changed, this pusher 3A is erected on the frame-saw 33 with the push pedal 32 at one group of hydraulic pressure reciprocator 31 end place, and this frame-saw 33 is installed on the body of noodle machine again, makes the reciprocating stroke of push pedal 32 be enough to arrive delivery wheel 421 or little delivery wheel 421 that surpasses.And this pressurizing unit 3B is provided with briquetting 35 by the top that one group of hydraulic pressure reciprocator 34 is installed in face volume S2 moulding place at the end place of hydraulic pressure reciprocator 34.

As shown in Figure 4, the utility model also is sequentially provided with: one boils face groove 5, a bath groove 6, a drip 7, mixes oily machine 8; Wherein:

Shown in Fig. 5 A, 5B, this boils the rear that face groove 5 is located at roller coiling conveying device 4, at an epimere that boils face frame 51 face that the boils bucket 52 that one inboard periphery is provided with heat-preservation cotton 511 is set, the one side connects a water inlet pipe 53, a steam pipe 54 respectively, and the below, bottom is provided with drainpipe 55, the one rear side epimere of putting veil basket 56 is hubbed on the end face that boils face frame 51 with a body of rod 561, its end Duan Zeke places and boils in the face bucket 52, its periphery then is provided with infiltration hole 562, enters in it for entered the hot water that boils in the face bucket 52 by water inlet pipe 53 and steam pipe 54; When roller coiling conveying device 4 was rolled up face S2 and delivered to the bottom, then face volume S2 can fall within wherein, and did operation that face is boiled; Connecting rod 572 body of rod 561 set with putting veil basket 56 rear side stage casings that one axle 571 ends of being located at the cylinder 57 that boils face frame 51 1 sides are articulated is connected; After face in veil basket 56 is put in injection volume S2 boils, can promote connecting rods 572 by the axle 571 of cylinder 57, and then rotate and be located at the body of rod 561 of putting veil basket 56 rear side epimeres, the whole now veil basket 56 turn over (shown in Fig. 5 A) of putting.

As shown in Figure 4, this bath groove 6 is located at the rear of boiling face groove 5, and the rear side epimere of a cooling basket 61 is hubbed on the end face of a support body 613 with a body of rod 612, and its periphery is provided with leaking hole 611; One is mounted on the water plug 62 of cooling basket 61 tops, and by the cooling water in a suction pump 621 extractions one water tank 622,623 inflows one by the road are fixedly arranged on the bath basket 625 of the fixed mount 624 of support body 613 end faces; In boiling face groove 5 and the face through boiling volume S2, by put veil basket 56 turn over and enter the cooling basket 61 in, cooled off the water container 63 do withdrawal uses that this cooling water bleeds and is located at its below through the set leaking hole 611 of cooling basket 61 peripheries again by cooling water through flushometer 62; The connecting rod 642 that one axle 641 ends of being located at the cylinder 64 of support body 613 1 sides are articulated is connected with the body of rod 612 of being located at cooling basket 61 rear side epimeres; Place the face in the cooling basket 61 to roll up S2 after suitably cooling off when control is whole, by the axle 641 promotion connecting rods 642 of cylinder 64, and then rotate the body of rod 612 of being located at cooling basket 61 rear side epimeres, and make whole cooling basket 61 turn over.

Shown in Fig. 6 A, 6B, 6C, this drip 7 is located at the rear of bath groove 6, one can accept the basket 71 that drips of face volume S2 of the cooling basket 61 of automatic flushing groove 6, and its inner bottom is provided with screen cloth 711, and its rear side epimere is hubbed on the end face of a support body 713 with a body of rod 712; The linkage 722 that one axle 721 interlocks one of being located at the cylinder 72 of support body 713 belows make progress, these linkage 722 ends are provided with a fan 73 that is positioned at the basket 71 1 sides top of dripping, it can do rotation control by modern fan 73, and is opposite to the operation that the face volume S2 work in the basket 71 that drips dries up slightly; One is located at the axle 741 terminal connecting rods 742 that articulate of the cylinder 74 of support body 713 1 sides, these connecting rod 742 ends are connected with the body of rod 712 of being located at the basket 71 rear side epimeres that drip, when fan 73 being rotated to whole basket 71 1 rear flank of dripping, the basket 71 that drips can be turned over (as shown in Figure 6A); This drip 7 is the chamber of an awl bucket gradually-reducing shape, and its bottom is provided with a suction motor M.

Shown in Fig. 7 A, 7B, this mixes the rear that oily machine 8 is located at drip 7, a hollow mix the top that oil tube 81 is hubbed at a support body 812, fall within it intrinsic two colloid runners 811 of its outboard peripheries ring for the faces volume S2 in the basket 71 that drips that places drip 7; The live roller 82 of two grooves 824 that are connected with the body of rod 821 and are provided with is located at and is mixed on the periphery of colloid runner 811 relative positions that oil tube 81 peripheries are set firmly, and drives these live rollers 82 by a motor 822 by a chain 823 and cooperates rotation with the colloid runner 811 embedding systems of mixing oil tins 81; One is located at the fuel tank 83 of below, support body 812 bottoms, by a pump 831 salad oil in it is injected through spray bar 832 and mixes in the oil tube 81; One be located at support body 812 1 sides cylinder 84 axle 841 end with mix oil tube 81 bottoms and articulate, when placing the face volume S2 that mixes in the oil tube 81 after a period of time is fully mixed oil, will wholely mix the operation (shown in Fig. 7 A) that oily 81 work turned over by its effect.

Behind above textural association, please cooperate and consult shown in Fig. 1,2; Place as the face that will put in order a bundle S on the support body 25 on system face device 2 tops, through its pressed surface roller 21, the running of itemize roller 22 and into strips noodles S1, and then through cutoff tool group 23, after after noodles beam splitting guide plate 24 bottoms that noodles S1 is divided into the number bundle flow out, noodles S1 can be fallen within on the conveyer belt 11 of reciprocal folding conveying device 1, and advance with conveyer belt 11 by the drive of motor transmission mechanism 12, can do the control of noodles S1 length especially by controlling organization to cutoff tool group 23 in the system face device 2, make when a half that falls within the noodles S1 length arrival setting face volume S2 length scale on the conveyer belt 11, just can be by changing turning to as the motor transmission mechanism that drives conveyer belt 11 runnings, make 11 one-tenth antiports of conveyer belt, and then make noodles S1 when setting face volume S2 length scale, just being controlled cutoff tool group 23 again by control device cuts off noodles S1, and the pressed surface roller 21 in the control system face device 2 suspends running, noodles S1 is suitable can thereby to be the doubling shape on the conveyer belt 11 of reciprocal folding conveying device 1 and make, and then control changes turning to of motor transmission mechanism 12 once again, makes conveyer belt 11 become direction of advance running (as shown in Figure 2) once again.

And then, the noodles S1 that restraints into the doubling shape when number carries through conveyer belt 11 and advances to its end, and then after falling within on the conveyer belt 42 of roller coiling conveying device 4, except that making the pressure surface of system face device 2, control rolls defeated 21 runnings once again, and noodles S1 is produced in continuation once again, outside making on its conveyer belt that falls within reciprocal folding conveying device 1 11, just can be above conveyer belt 42 leading portions set pusher 3A, the restriction guiding of pressurizing unit 3B down, carry definitely and advance to conveyer belt 42 middle sections, above the delivery wheel 421 that the noodles S1 that makes into the doubling shape can be subjected to add in conveyer belt 42 stage casings, under the effects of 43 one-tenth rotations counterclockwise of the coiling roller of 42 one-tenth exchange premium shapes of conveyer belt, the noodles S1 that will count the original one-tenth of bundle doubling shape simultaneously boosts and does and 43 one-tenth reverse coilings of coiling roller, and reach in the time of just can having simultaneously number bundle noodles S1 automatically to finish the work that is rolled into face volume S2, pressurizing unit 3B satisfy with face roll up S2 extrude a little the back reply shape (as shown in Figure 2); And then the pneumatic cylinder elevating mechanism 443 of control coiling roller 43 both sides, support body 44 is risen and drive the coiling that is articulated on support body 44 bottoms and roll defeated 43 risings (as Fig. 3 A), and face is rolled up S2 push away on the conveyer belt 42 that drops on the below (as Fig. 3 B) by lagging behind pusher 3A at the beginning of pneumatic cylinder elevating mechanism 443 action a little, and make

coiling roller

43 and 42 of conveyer belts can form a segment distance; And then make that face volume S2 after molded is unlikely in course of conveying and scatter.

Afterwards, see also again shown in Figure 4; When face being rolled up S2 and delivers to end by roller coiling conveying device 4, S2 falls into the operation that veil basket 56 boils face of putting of boiling face groove 5 by the face volume, after reaching setting-up time, the body of rod 561 of putting veil basket 56 rear side epimeres is located in axle 571 promotion connecting rods 572 and rotation by cylinder 57, make the whole veil basket 56 can turn over (shown in Fig. 5 A) of putting, make face volume S2 fall into the cooling basket 61 of bath groove 6, draw water by the road from water tank 622 simultaneously and 623 rush in the cooling basket 61 of bath groove 6 to bath basket 625 by suction pump 621, and the face volume S2 through boiling is cooled off, the same again axle 641 by cylinder 64 promotes connecting rods 642, and then rotate and be located at the body of rod 612 that cools off basket 61 rear side epimeres, and make whole cooling basket 61 turn over, and make face volume S2 fall into the basket 71 that drips of drip 7, the linkage 722 that is made progress by axle 721 interlocks one of cylinder 72 by the fan 73 of drip 7 one sides drives top center that fans 73 rotate to the basket 71 that drips cooled the volume S2 that oppose and dries up slightly again, this moment is again by the startup of beneath suction motor M, and beginning is rolled up the water droplet C1 that S2 is speckled with direct suction with face, aqueous vapor C2 is detached eliminating, promptly as Fig. 6 A, 6B, shown in the 6C; Then again fan 73 is rotated to a rear flank, by cylinder 74 effects, and the basket 71 that will drip is turned over, and mixes in the oily tube 81 of mixing of oily machine 8 and this face volume S2 after drying up is entered.

At this moment, mixing oil tube 81 is cooperated under the driven rotary by motor 822, and order is located at salad oil in the fuel tank 83 of support body 812 belows and can be drawn up by pump 831 and spray to face volume S2 through spray bar 832 equably and stir, wait to mix oil to certain hour, by cylinder 84 effects of mixing below, oily machine 8 bottoms, with whole operations of mixing oily 81 inclination of turning over, and the face volume S2 that will mix oil is poured out to face table 9 (promptly as Fig. 7 A by outlet, shown in the 7B), the overall structure that is provided can be with noodles from initial face through itemize, quantitatively, slaking, cooling, dry, to the pasta manufacturing process of mixing oil, reach with automatic control mode fully.

In sum, the utility model is practised the lifting that the formula structure has easy benefit really, and provide especially especially not only and can produce pasta in a large number automatically, and each face volume weight unanimity, the neat rule of outward appearance, saving technique manpower and the effect of activity duration greatly.

Claims

A kind of full-automatic dough-forming extruding machine, it comprises by one group of pressed surface roller, one group of a face itemize roller, cutoff tool group and is positioned at the system face device that the noodles beam splitting guide plate of breaking group below is formed; It is characterized in that also comprising:

One reciprocal folding conveying device, it is positioned at the below of the noodles beam splitting guide plate of system face device, and the motor transmission mechanisms that driven and control the different running of conveyer belt do throughput directions by a conveyer belt with are formed;

One roller coiling conveying device, it is positioned at the terminal below of reciprocal folding conveying device, and it comprises: a motor transmission mechanism; One adds the conveyer belt of delivery wheel in nearly middle section, it is done running by motor transmission mechanism band and advances; Several coiling rollers become to be set up in parallel, and it is positioned at place, below slightly, delivery wheel rear end that the conveyer belt stage casing adds, and the bottom contacts with conveyer belt; One is articulated in the support body in delivery wheel the place ahead that the conveyer belt stage casing added, its bottom drives the coiling roller with fractional motor and cooperates the rotation of ratchet bar strip, and is provided with in the support body bilateral symmetry that a control support body is done lifting and then control coiling roller is done with the conveyer belt that is positioned at delivery wheel place, stage casing or the pneumatic cylinder elevating mechanism of separating action; Array is positioned at pusher, the pressurizing unit of conveyer belt leading portion top;

This group of pusher is installed on the preceding conveyer belt of delivery wheel, and is locating to install additional one group of pressurizing unit near above the support body; Wherein, this pusher is erected on the frame-saw with the push pedal at one group of hydraulic pressure reciprocator end place, and this frame-saw is installed on the body of noodle machine again; And this pressurizing unit is rolled into top, type place by one group of hydraulic pressure reciprocator face of being installed in, and is provided with briquetting at the end place of hydraulic pressure reciprocator;

One boils the face groove, and it is located at roller coiling conveying device rear, and it comprises: one boils the face frame; One is located at and boils the face that the boils bucket that face frame epimere and inboard periphery are provided with heat-preservation cotton, and the one side connects a water inlet pipe, a steam pipe respectively, and the below, bottom is provided with drainpipe; The one rear side epimere of putting the veil basket is hubbed at a body of rod on the end face that boils the face frame, and its end Duan Zeke places and boils in the face bucket, and its periphery then is provided with the infiltration hole; One is arranged at the cylinder that boils face frame one side, the connecting rod that the end of its set axle articulates with put the set body of rod in veil basket rear side stage casing and be connected;

One bath groove, it is located at and boils face groove rear, and it comprises: a periphery is provided with the cooling basket of leaking hole, and its rear side epimere is hubbed on the end face of a support body with a body of rod; One is mounted on the water plug of cooling basket top, and it is made up of a suction pump and a water tank, flows into a bath basket that is fixedly arranged on the fixed mount of support body end face by the road; One is located at the water container of cooling basket below; One is located at the cylinder of support body one side, and terminal connecting rod that articulates of set axle is connected with the body of rod of being located at cooling basket rear side epimere on it;

One drip, it is located at bath groove rear, and it comprises: an inner bottom is provided with the basket that drips of screen cloth, and its rear side epimere is articulated on the end face of a support body with a body of rod; The linkage that the one axle interlock one of being located at the cylinder of support body below makes progress, this linkage end are provided with a fan that is positioned at the basket one side top of dripping; One is located at the cylinder of support body one side, and end of set axle articulates a body of rod on it, and this connecting rod end is connected with the body of rod of the basket rear side epimere that drips; This drip is the bucket-shaped chamber of an awl, and a suction motor is established in its bottom;

One mixes oily machine; It is located at the drip rear, and it comprises: a hollow mix the top that oil tube is hubbed at a support body, its outboard peripheries ring is established and is fixed with two colloid runners; The live roller of two groups of grooves that are connected with the body of rod and are provided with is located at and is mixed on the periphery of the oil tube colloid roller relative position that periphery was set firmly, and cooperates rotation with the colloid runner periphery embedding system of mixing the oil tube; One motor drives this live roller by a chain; One is located at the fuel tank of support body bottom below, its be provided with a pump and through spray bar with mix the oil tube and link to each other; One is located at the cylinder of support body one side, its set axle terminal with mix oil tube bottom and articulate.