CN2223709Y

CN2223709Y - Braking device with automatic force-aid for motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN2223709Y
Application number: CN 95233475
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡大鹤
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1995-03-29
Filing date: 1995-03-29
Publication date: 1996-04-03
Anticipated expiration: 2005-03-29

Abstract

The utility model belongs to a braking device for wheels of a motor vehicle, comprising a foot-operated main cylinder 36 and a braking mechanism. The braking bottom plate 1 of the braking mechanism is sheathed on a vehicle bridge or a knuckle pivot 6. A hydraulic power cylinder 10 is fixedly installed on the braking bottom plate. A connecting plate 5 is made on the vehicle bridge or the knuckle pivot. Two stressing tong rams 7 are fixed on the connecting plate 5. The stressing tong ram 7 is connected with a piston 9 by a connecting rod 8. A reset spring 12 is installed in the hydraulic power cylinder. An ingress and egress liquor hole 11 is connected with a braking cylinder 3 through a perfusion pipe and a controlling device 35. The braking device transforms the kinetic energy of the running of the vehicle to the braking power source, and the automatic force-aid braking is realized.

Description

From afterburning formula motor vehicle brake

The utility model belongs to a kind of braking device of self-propelled vehicle, particularly is adapted to the brake equipment of automobile.

At present, the service braking system of most of self-propelled vehiclees, particularly automobile is not depended merely on manpower as the braking force source, and they rely on driving engine that braking energy source is provided whole or in part.Just at present thisly provide the vehicle braking device of power to mainly contain the compressed air brake system hydraulic brake system of unifying by driving engine.The weak point of Pneumatic braking system is: because air has compressibility, make air application time longer, reaction is slow, vehicle stopping distance is longer, and air compressor, parts bulky complex such as air receiver, it is big to take up space, and the fault rate height, the braking poor reliability.Though full power hydraulic brake system is better than Pneumatic braking system on performance, complex structure, precision part is many, and is higher to the seal request of system, and the manufacturing cost height, popularizes difficulty on general automobile.The normal operation of this compression air brake and hydraulic brake system all will consume and depend on the power of driving engine.In case energy supply device lost efficacy, brake efficiency is total loss then.Learn that according to the traffic management system investigation a lot of traffic accidents are the faults owing to motor vehicle braking systems, particularly the braking force deficiency causes.Moreover say that all will consume a part of engine power no matter the current mobility car is the compression air brake or the normal operation of full power hydraulic brake system, it not only influences the horsepower output of driving engine, also waste energy simultaneously.

The purpose of this utility model is the afterburning source that the kinergety of running car is converted into drg, realizes simplified structure, saves the purpose of fuel oil and raising functional reliability.

The utility model is to realize like this.It comprises a foot-operated master cylinder and the stop mechanism that is connected with master cylinder, and its technical essential is: back-plate is changed on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel by original being fixedly mounted on and being sleeved on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel.On vehicle bridge or steering swivel, be shaped on a terminal pad, in the both sides of terminal pad an afterburning tong arm is installed respectively, outer end and a connecting rod of afterburning tong arm are hinged, the other end of connecting rod is resisted against the interior piston outer end of fluid power cylinder on the back-plate, the retracing spring of piston is installed, so that make piston and back-plate return in fluid power cylinder.A liquid inlet/outlet is arranged on the hydraulic power cylinder body, be connected with stop mechanism with control setup successively by hydraulic pipe through this liquid inlet/outlet.Here shoe drum brake that the stop mechanism of saying refers to or caliper disk brake also can be other stop mechanisms.According to the structural shape difference of stop mechanism, its control mechanism also has certain difference, to reach the purpose of follow-up control.This working of brakes principle is: glancing impact, at first step on brake pedal, make brake cylinder produce initial motivator, stop mechanism produces friction moment, at this moment back-plate and fluid power cylinder rotate with respect to vehicle bridge or steering swivel under the effect of friction moment, because the effect of placing restrictions on of afterburning tong arm, make connecting rod produce thrust to piston, make fluid power cylinder produce certain hydraulic coupling, with this afterburning source as drg, by control setup this fluid power is affacted on the stop mechanism then, make its generation add dynamic braking, reach the purpose of the reliable braking of self-propelled vehicle.

Because the utility model is to adopt the energy of automobile sport as power-assisted propulsion source, first, can save the power of motor car engine; Second, it is not subjected to the influence and the restriction of driving engine, as long as self-propelled vehicle moves or have the trend of motion just can produce afterburning effect; Three, compare with traditional brake system, saved numerous and diverse engine installation, simple and compact for structure; Four fundamental rules, the pressure in glancing impact afterburner system not are zero, only just higher hydraulic coupling can occur in the short time of braking, and its part is difficult for being damaged, long service life, and braking safety is good, reliable operation; Five, the hydraulic coupling height that this afterburner system produces can satisfy the demand of caliper disk brake, for good condition has been created in the application popularization of caliper disk brake.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is elaborated.

Fig. 1 is a car load schematic layout diagram of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of the afterburning part of the utility model braking, also is the structure principle chart of shoe drum brake;

Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of caliper disk brake;

Fig. 4 is the control setup structure principle chart of stop mechanism;

Fig. 5 is the another embodiment of caliper disk brake control setup.

With reference to Fig. 1, the initial braking of this self-propelled vehicle realizes by a foot-operated master cylinder 36, the master cylinder 36 of usefulness dual-chamber structure preferably here, and wherein a chamber meets front wheel brake mechanism through hydraulic pipe, and another chamber then connects the trailing wheel stop mechanism through hydraulic pipe.Be separately installed with fluid power cylinder 10 on front-wheel and trailing wheel, the hydraulic coupling that fluid power cylinder 10 is produced is applied on the brake cylinder 3 through control setup 35, makes it produce afterburning effect.The utility model is at the difference of drg, and its control setup 35 is also different, below just describe respectively with shoe drum brake and caliper disk brake.

With reference to accompanying drawing 2, its stop mechanism is made up of brake wheel 2, brake cylinder 3, brake shoe brake cheek 4 and back-plate 1, all adopt traditional version, what they were different is that back-plate 1 is sleeved on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel 6, said back-plate 1 is sleeved on structural shape on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel 6 for back-plate 1 directly is sleeved on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel, also can back-plate 1 be installed on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel 6 by bearing.On vehicle bridge or steering swivel 6, be shaped on a terminal pad 5, two afterburning tong arms 7 of both sides fixed installation on terminal pad 5, the other end of afterburning tong arm 7 and an end of connecting rod 8 are hinged, the other end of connecting rod 8 is installed in the shrinkage pool at piston 9 backs, this can be processed into the end of connecting rod 8 in the spill sphere hole that the bulb shape withstands on the piston back, also can save connecting rod 8 outer end of afterburning tong arm 7 is directly leaned in the piston outer end.Piston 9 is installed in the fluid power cylinder 10, and its fluid power cylinder 10 is formed by fixedly connecting by cylinder barrel and cylinder cap.The retracing spring 12 that makes piston 9 returns is housed in fluid power cylinder 10, and fluid power cylinder 10 is fixedly mounted on the lateral surface of back-plate 1.Its fluid power cylinder 10 can adopt one, and two pistons 9 are installed in it, and retracing spring 12 is installed between two pistons 9, is connected with a piston 9 respectively with two connecting rods 8 that afterburning tong arm 7 is hinged; Fluid power cylinder 10 also can adopt two, the piston 9 of 9, two fluid power cylinders 10 of a piston is installed in each fluid power cylinder 10 is formed an augmenter with an afterburning tong arm 7 respectively by connecting rod 8.A liquid inlet/outlet 11 is arranged on the cylinder body of fluid power cylinder 10, and this liquid inlet/outlet 11 is by hydraulic pipe, and control setup 35 is connected with brake cylinder 3.

With reference to accompanying drawing 3, brake equipment of the present utility model also can adopt the caliper disc stop mechanism, said caliper disc stop mechanism is made up of caliper 31, brake-caliper support 30, brake disc 28, brake lining 32, brake cylinder 3 and back-plate 1, and the structure of its caliper disc stop mechanism is all taked traditional version.The same with the shoe drum stop mechanism, different is that back-plate 1 is sleeved on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel 6.Afterburning tong arm 7 in its augmenter, connecting rod 8, piston 9, fluid power cylinder 10, the mounting structure pattern of pull back spring 12 and back-plate 1 is the same with structure in the shoe drum servo brake, has just given unnecessary details no longer one by one here.The liquid inlet/outlet 11 of the fluid power cylinder 10 in this caliper disk brake is that control setup 35 is connected with brake cylinder 3 through hydraulic pipe 29 equally.Control setup 35 also can adopt the mode (introducing) of control chamber in Fig. 5, in this mode, hydraulic pipe 29 is connected with the afterburning chamber of brake cylinder 3, and hydraulic pipe 37 is connected with the liquid outlet of master cylinder 36.

With reference to accompanying drawing 4, its control setup 35 is: the liquid inlet/outlet of its brake cylinder 3 is captiveed joint with the left end liquid in-out mouth of auxilliary cylinder 24 by hydraulic pipe, the auxilliary cylinder piston 14 of spring 15, band centre hole is installed in auxilliary cylinder 24 successively, the dividing plate 25 of band centre hole, the thrust piston 23 of spring 13, band piston rod.Dividing plate 25 is fixedly mounted in the auxilliary cylinder 24.The piston rod of thrust piston 23 is through the centre hole of dividing plate 25, and its front end withstands on the central hole of auxilliary cylinder piston 14.Its auxilliary cylinder piston 14, dividing plate 25, thrust piston 23 will be assisted cylinder 24 and be divided into control chamber I, brake chamber II, afterburning chamber III and low-pressure cavity IV, on the auxilliary cylinder body of control chamber I, inlet opening A is arranged, this inlet opening A is connected with master cylinder 36 through hydraulic pipe, and the infusion hole of captiveing joint with control cock 26 left ends is arranged on the auxilliary cylinder body at control chamber I place.Feed liquor valve seat 27, feed liquor valve plug 19, valve bucket 21 and the spring 20 of dummy piston 16, spring 17, fluid valve plug 18, band centre hole are installed in control cock 26 successively, and wherein feed liquor valve seat 27 is fixed in the valve body of control cock 26; Fluid valve plug 18 and feed liquor valve plug 19 are fixed as one through connecting rod.The centre hole of dummy piston is connected with the low-pressure cavity of auxilliary cylinder 24 through the infusion hole and the hydraulic pipe of the valve body of its side, control cock 26.The cavity that is formed by dummy piston 16 and feed liquor valve seat 27 communicates with the afterburning chamber III of auxilliary cylinder 24 through hydraulic pipe.Have two liquid inlet/outlets on the valve body of the control cock 26 on feed liquor valve seat 27 right sides, one of them is connected with the liquid inlet/outlet 11 of fluid power cylinder 10 through hydraulic pipe, another is then through hydraulic pipe, check valve 22 is connected with low-pressure cavity IV, on the cylinder body at low-pressure cavity IV place, also be shaped on low pressure hole for back flow B, communicate with the oil-storing cup of master cylinder 36.The principle of work of this control setup 35 is: glancing impact at first chaufeur is stepped on brake pedal, master brake cylinder 36 produces initial hydraulic power, this hydraulic coupling enters the control chamber I of auxilliary cylinder 24 by auxilliary cylinder inlet opening A, be divided into two-way then, one tunnel centre hole, brake chamber II, hydraulic pipe through auxilliary cylinder piston 14 enters brake cylinder 3, produces initial braking by brake cylinder 3; Meanwhile, another road is through the left end inner chamber of hydraulic pipe control of access valve 26, promotion dummy piston 16 moves right and contacts with fluid valve plug 18, close by will partly the weigh centre hole of piston 16 of fluid valve plug 18 first, second promote fluid valve plug 18, feed liquor valve plug 19, valve bucket 21, overcome spring 20 and move to right, the valve opening of feed liquor valve seat 27 is opened.The initial braking force that produces when brake cylinder 3 makes stop mechanism produce glancing impact, back-plate 1 will rotate with brake wheel 2, because afterburning tong arm 7 is to be fixed on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel 6, can not rotate, 7 of afterburning tong arms pass through 8 pairs of pistons of connecting rod 9 and produce a limiting force, make the liquid in 9 pairs of fluid power cylinders 10 of piston produce afterburning, this fluid pressure is by liquid inlet/outlet 11, hydraulic pipe, control of access valve 26, valve opening in control cock, hydraulic pipe enters the afterburning chamber III of auxilliary cylinder 24, this hydraulic coupling then promotes thrust piston 23 and is moved to the left, the piston rod of thrust piston 23 at first will be assisted the centre hole of cylinder piston 14 and be closed, promoting auxilliary cylinder piston 14 then moves to left, fluid pressure among the brake chamber II is raise, and the pressure of this liquid passes to brake cylinder 3 through hydraulic pipe, becomes the motivator of drg.When the right-hand member hydraulic coupling of dummy piston 16 reaches certain value, the promotion dummy piston moves to left, the pull back spring 20 of valve bucket promotes valve bucket 21, feed liquor valve plug 20 also and then moves to left, liquid flowing valve is closed, the applied pressure of thrust piston 23 is no longer increased rate of braking remain unchanged, realized follow-up control braking.When the chaufeur loosen the brake, the hydraulic coupling of master cylinder 36 is removed, pressure among the control chamber I is reduced, and the dummy piston 16 in the control cock 26 moves to left under the effect of spring 17, and the fluid valve plug 18 and the center port of dummy piston 16 are broken away from, afterburning chamber III, centre hole and hydraulic pipe through controlling valve pocket, dummy piston 16 communicate with low-pressure cavity, the pressure of thrust piston 23 is removed, thrust piston, auxilliary cylinder piston 14 moves to right under action of the spring, releasing is to the hydraulic coupling of brake cylinder 3, and braking is removed.Piston 9 in the fluid power cylinder 10 resets under the effect of spring 12, and simultaneously, check valve 22 is backed down by the liquid of low-pressure cavity, and the volume when resetting to replenish fluid power cylinder inner carrier 9 increases, in order to braking next time.This control setup 35 both can be used for shoe drum brake, also can be used for other plate disc brake.

Caliper disk brake of the present utility model can also adopt another kind of version, and with reference to accompanying drawing 5, the stepped piston 33 in the brake cylinder 3 is installed in the caliper 31 corresponding stepped holes, forms two chambers, and one is used as control chamber V, and another is as afterburning chamber VI.Control chamber V is communicated with through valve passage G with afterburning chamber VI, and a limiting valve 34 is installed therebetween.Control chamber V and afterburning chamber VI can choose wantonly, also two general non-stepped pistons can be housed side by side in caliper 31.One and caliper formation control chamber V; Another constitutes afterburning chamber VI.V, VI two chambeies are communicated with through limiting valve 34 equally.Its control chamber V directly is communicated with master cylinder 36 through liquid inlet/outlet E, hydraulic pipe.Afterburning chamber VI is connected with the liquid inlet/outlet 11 of fluid power cylinder 10 through liquid inlet/outlet F, hydraulic pipe.Its principle of work is: at first give an initial modulated pressure power by master cylinder 36, through hydraulic pipe control of access chamber V, and then enter afterburning chamber VI through valve passage G, check valve 34, two cavity pressures are moved to the left piston 33, after eliminating the gap of brake lining 32 and brake disc 28, brake disc is produced thrust, meanwhile owing to V, VI two cavity pressures raise, limiting valve 34 cuts out, and V, VI two chambeies cut off.Produce friction moment between brake disc 28 that is rotating and the brake lining 32, this friction moment makes caliper 31 drive back-plate and rotates together.By afterburning tong arm 7, connecting rod 8 limiting force is acted on the piston 9 in the fluid power cylinder 10, fluid power cylinder 10 internal pressures are raise, this hydraulic coupling enters into afterburning chamber VI through hydraulic pipe, piston 33 is produced afterburning to strengthen brake actuation power.When the pressure of master cylinder 36 is removed, the pressure of control chamber V reduces, applied pressure to piston 33 reduces, friction force between brake lining 32 and the brake disc 28 is reduced, thereby make also corresponding the reducing of hydraulic coupling in the fluid power cylinder 10, this process constantly circulation is carried out, when V, VI cavity pressure are reduced to a certain degree, limiting valve 34 is opened under action of the spring, and V, the connection of VI chamber, braking procedure are removed.Here said limiting valve 34 is by the pressure limiting valve, the pressure operated switch valve that spring, plug screw constitute.

Claims

1, from afterburning formula motor vehicle brake, it comprises stop mechanism and foot-operated master cylinder (36), it is characterized in that: the back-plate of stop mechanism (1) is sleeved on vehicle bridge or the steering swivel (6), fluid power cylinder (10) is installed on the back-plate (1), on vehicle bridge or steering swivel (6), also be shaped on a terminal pad (5), be installed with two afterburning tong arms (7) on the terminal pad (5), the outer end and the connecting rod (8) of afterburning tong arm (7) are hinged, the other end of connecting rod (8) is installed in the back side shrinkage pool of the words plug (9) in the fluid power cylinder (10), the retracing spring (12) of piston (9) is installed in fluid power cylinder (10), and fluid power cylinder (10) is through importing and exporting liquid hole (11), hydraulic pipe, control setup (35) is connected with brake cylinder (3).

2, described according to claims 1 from afterburning formula motor vehicle brake, it is characterized in that: said stop mechanism by brake cylinder (3), brake shoe brake cheek (4), brake wheel (2) and be sleeved on vehicle bridge or steering swivel (6) on the shoe drum stop mechanism formed of back-plate (1).

3, according to claim 1 from afterburning formula motor vehicle brake, it is characterized in that: the caliper disc stop mechanism that said stop mechanism is made up of caliper (31), brake-caliper support (30), brake disc (28), brake cylinder (3), brake lining (32) and back-plate (1).

4, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described from afterburning formula motor vehicle brake, it is characterized in that: said control setup (35) is made up of an auxilliary cylinder (24) and a control cock (26), in its auxilliary cylinder (24) spring (15) is installed successively from left to right, the auxilliary cylinder piston (14) of band centre hole, the dividing plate (25) of band centre hole, spring (13), the thrust piston (23) of band piston rod, its median septum (25) is captiveed joint with the cylinder body of auxilliary cylinder (24), auxilliary cylinder piston (14), dividing plate (25), the inner chamber that thrust piston (23) will be assisted cylinder (24) is divided into control chamber (I), brake chamber (II), afterburning chamber (III), low-pressure cavity (IV), brake chamber (II) is connected with brake cylinder (3) through hydraulic pipe, control chamber (I) is through auxilliary cylinder inlet opening (A), hydraulic pipe is connected with master cylinder (36), another outlet of control chamber (I) part is connected with control cock (26) left end through hydraulic pipe, dummy piston (16) is installed in control cock (26) successively, spring (17), fluid valve plug (18), feed liquor valve seat (27), feed liquor valve plug (19), valve bucket (21), spring (20), wherein on the dummy piston (16) centre hole that leads to the side is arranged, this centre hole is by the fluid hole on the control cock (26), hydraulic pipe is connected with low-pressure cavity (IV), fluid valve plug (18) is connected by connecting rod with feed liquor valve plug (19), feed liquor valve seat (27) is fixed in the body of control cock (26), the left side valve pocket of feed liquor valve seat (27) is connected with afterburning chamber (III) in the auxilliary cylinder (24) through hydraulic pipe, the right side valve pocket one tunnel of feed liquor valve seat (27) is connected with the liquid inlet/outlet (11) of fluid power cylinder (10) through hydraulic pipe, another road is through hydraulic pipe, low-pressure cavity (IV) in check valve (22) and the auxilliary cylinder (24) is connected, and locates to be fixed with low pressure hole for back flow (B) at the auxilliary cylinder (24) at low-pressure cavity (IV) place.

5, described according to claims 3 from afterburning formula motor vehicle brake, it is characterized in that: the piston (33) of brake cylinder (3) is for stepped, on caliper (31), be processed with a corresponding with it stepped hole, a control chamber of the end difference of ladder piston (33) and the formation between the stepped hole (V) and an afterburning chamber (VI), control chamber (V) is through liquid inlet/outlet (E), hydraulic pipe is connected with master cylinder (36), afterburning chamber (VI) is through liquid inlet/outlet (F), hydraulic pipe is connected with the liquid inlet/outlet (11) of fluid power cylinder (10), control chamber (V) communicates with afterburning chamber (VI) through valve passage (G), fixed installation limited valve (34) in valve passage (G).