CN2218420Y - Three phase electronic automatic switch - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a three phases electronic automatic switch, mainly comprising a power supply circuit, a main control circuit, a timing testing circuit, a signal circuit, an executive circuit and a working indicating circuit. The power supply circuit firstly provides power supply to the whole circuit, and the signal circuit provides triggering signals to cause the main control circuit to start working and indicate the executive circuit to operate and cause a terminal actuator element to cut off the power supply. The timing testing circuit begins to detect the line fault eliminating situation within a certain time and sends back signals to the main control circuit. The utility model has the advantages of higher control precision and sensitivity and favorable stability and reliability, and especially plays an ensuring effect on the safe operation of electricity supply devices.

Description

Three-phase electronic automatic switch

The utility model belongs to the control appliance technical field, is specifically related to a kind of three-phase electronic automatic switch.

Continue to use hand gears such as plug-in strip, contactor at the switch of three-phase low pressure (380V) load side for many years always; also be that to continue to use ancient fuse be main aspect protection; particularly the low pressure outlet side at distribution transformer is to continue to use above-mentioned switch and protection too; high speed development along with society; the user improves constantly the requirement of reliability, promptness and the economy of power supply; this just requires the management of power supply department must modernization, and above-mentioned plug-in strip, the so ancient switch of contactor far can not reach the requirement of modern management.

The purpose of this utility model just is to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, designed a kind of three-phase electronic automatic switch, when this device is passed by stream or short circuit at three-phase low-voltage power supply side line, can cut off the electricity supply reliably rapidly, and can get rid of the back automatic closing in supply line's fault and send.

Embodiment of the present utility model is made of power circuit, governor circuit, timely checking circuit, signal circuit, executive circuit and working indicating.It mainly is to provide master signal with current transformer for a working method, is finished automatically by electronic circuit, and the element of each circuit of the utility model consists of:

1, power circuit is made up of decompression capacitor, full-wave rectification diode and filter capacitor;

2, governor circuit is made up of transistor, biasing resistance, load resistance, voltage-stabiliser tube, auxiliary relay and control relay;

3, timely checking circuit is mended by transistor, temperature and is tasted resistance, positive pulse resistance, negative differential resistance region resistance, regulates resistance and charging capacitor is formed;

4, the current transformer, adjustable resistance, rectifier diode, voltage stabilizing didoe and the filter capacitor that are closed by the two-phase interworking of signal circuit formed;

5, executive circuit is made up of auxiliary relay, two capacitors, voltage-stabiliser tube and A.C. contactors;

6, indicating circuit is made up of full-wave rectification diode, capacitor, two light-emitting diodes.

The utlity model has following advantage and good effect: the one, have high control precision and sensitivity; The 2nd, have higher job stability and reliability; The 3rd, can play very big guarantee effect to users' safety utilization of electric power, electrical energy saving, planned power consumption, particularly the safe and reliable operation to power supply unit can play certain safeguard; The 4th, can reduce the dull repeated operation of power supply worker, further promote electric power system modern management process, have certain economic benefit and social benefit.

Further specify the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is circuit theory diagrams of the present utility model.

Shown in Fig. 1 circuit block diagram, the utility model is made up of power circuit, main control circuit, timely checking circuit, signal circuit, executive circuit and six circuit with difference in functionality of working indicating; Its operation principle and element constitute as shown in Figure 1: power circuit by 220 volts of civil powers through decompression capacitor C ₀Directly step-down, by the full-wave rectification of 4 1N4007 rectifier diodes, and through capacitor C ₂Obtain 12 volts of direct voltages after the filtering and supply with each parts worker two work, decompression capacitor C ₀Adopting withstand voltage is 630V emblem type electric capacity, and the appearance value is 0.4 μ f to 0.5 μ f, filter capacitor C ₂Choose 100 μ f to 200 μ f/25V electrochemical capacitors; Governor circuit utilizes transistor and switching characteristic design, and it is by transistor BG ₁, biasing resistance R ₂, load resistance R ₁, voltage-stabiliser tube D ₁, auxiliary relay K ₁With control relay K ₂Deng composition, R wherein ₂Value is 10 to tens kilo-ohms, R ₁Value youngster ten Europe are to hundreds of Europe; Timely checking circuit is provided with for the fault that regularly detects supply line, and it is by transistor BG ₂, diode D ₃, thermo-compensator R ₃, the positive pulse resistance R ₄, the negative differential resistance region resistance R ₅, regulate resistance R ₆With charging capacitor C ₄Deng composition, R wherein ₃Value is hundreds of Europe, R ₄Value is tens to hundreds of Europe, R ₅Value be several kilo-ohms between several megaohms, R ₆Be mega-ohms adjustable resistance, BG ₂Select BT for use ₃₃, D ₃Being general diode, mainly is to be BG ₁Base stage a reliable trigger voltage is provided; Signal circuit is in order to provide triggering signal to governor circuit and to be provided with, this circuit is in the three-phase circuit of power supply, when any phase or any two-phase overload or short circuit, ground connection, this circuit can provide enough signal voltage and electric current, make main control loop drop into operate as normal, cut off supply line, this circuit is by current transformer H ₁, H ₂, adjustable resistance W ₁, rectifier diode D ₄, voltage stabilizing two diode D ₂With filter capacitor C ₃Deng composition, H wherein ₁With H ₂Cooperation very crucial, H ₂Be coiling voluntarily as required, generally want secondary side that enough trigger voltage and electric currents can be provided, this switch setting current can be regulated W in 3A to 5A scope ₁Value is generally at several kilo-ohms, H ₁Use commercially available finished product, secondary is surveyed electric current and is generally selected 1 ampere for use, H ₁Be three instrument transformer secondary side same polarities and connect, and secondary side current equals three-phase sum, D ₄Be general rectifier diode, D ₂Selecting puncture voltage for use is 3 to 6 volts of voltage-stabiliser tubes, filter capacitor C ₃Select tens μ f for use, withstand voltagely get final product greater than 25 volts: executive circuit is the final purpose of this switch, and it is by auxiliary relay K ₁, capacitor C ₁, filter capacitor C ₂, voltage-stabiliser tube D ₁With compositions such as A.C. contactor C, wherein K ₁Adopt the JQX-4 miniature electro-magnetic relay, C adopts CJ10 type A.C. contactor as the terminal executive component, is connected to the low pressure outlet side of distribution transformer; Indicating circuit is provided with for the operating state of indicating main controller, and it is by full-wave rectification diode D ₅, capacitor C ₅With light-emitting diode D ₆, D ₇Form, wherein D ₅, C ₅Be the power unit of indicating circuit, D ₆Be redness pipe, D ₇Be the green pipe, be used to refer to the operate as normal (redness) and the guard mode (green) of main controller; Circuit theory of the present utility model is: when the circuit normal power supply, and K ₁The power supply both sides of cross-over connection after rectification get 12 volts of voltages, coil adhesive, normally opened contact K _1-3, K _1-2Closure, terminal executive component A.C. contactor C gets the voltage closure, and the circuit normal power supply is because K _1-2Closure is transistor BG ₁Provide normal value electric current partially and conducting, BG at this moment ₁Belong to saturation conduction, simultaneously instrument transformer H ₂Elementary winding flows through electric current, and secondary winding has more weak electric current and lower voltage (signal voltage), and this voltage is through adjustable resistance W ₁Dividing potential drop, D ₄Rectification, C ₃After the filtering, with D ₂Puncture voltage compares, and it is worth less than D ₂Puncture voltage, D ₂No current flows through, and governor circuit is stable at this state, i.e. non operating state; When supply line's overload or short circuit, instrument transformer H ₁Primary side flows through overload current or short circuit current, and secondary side flows through the electric current greater than rated value, instrument transformer H ₂Secondary side produce higher signal voltage (signal circuit is started working), D ₂Breakdown, electric current adds to BG ₁Base stage, this base stage is a negative-phase sequence curent, so BG ₁End K ₂Two point voltages raise rapidly, even K ₂Adhesive makes K _2-1Connect auxiliary relay K ₁Decompression discharges, K _1-3Contact disconnects, thereby terminal executive component A.C. contactor C decompression is disconnected, and supply line is cut off, and at this moment governor circuit is a normal operating conditions, meanwhile, and K _1-2Disconnect, cut off BG ₁Base current, K _1-1Connect, timely checking circuit is started working, as cut while of circuit, instrument transformer H ₂Secondary winding voltage punctures D ₂, BG ₁Remain off is along with K _{1 to 1}Connection, the G point voltage is through R ₅, R ₆Give C ₄Charging is when charging voltage reaches BG ₂During peak point voltage, BG ₂Pipe e, the conducting of b the two poles of the earth, C ₄Through R ₄Discharge is at R ₄Last generation one voltage drop, polarity are last negative just down, and forward voltage is through D ₃Add to BG ₁Emitter, BG ₁Conducting, K ₂Two voltages reduce, K ₂Discharge K _2-1Disconnect auxiliary relay K ₁Get electric adhesive, contact K _1-3Connect, terminal executive component A.C. contactor C adhesive, circuit restores electricity, do not get rid of yet as the fault in this moment circuit, main control loop also is in normal operating conditions, repeats said process, get rid of until fault, governor circuit just can be got back to stable state, i.e. power supply state.

Claims (4)

1, a kind of three-phase electronic automatic switch, it is characterized in that it is made of power circuit, governor circuit, timely checking circuit, signal circuit, executive circuit and working indicating, at first provide power supply to entire circuit by power circuit, signal circuit provides triggering signal, make governor circuit begin two works, the indication executive circuit, C cuts off the electricity supply through terminal executive component A.C. contactor, timely checking circuit is also started working simultaneously, and wherein the element of top each circuit constitutes: power circuit is by decompression capacitor C ₀Full-wave rectification diode D ₀With filter capacitor C ₂Form; Governor circuit is by transistor BG ₁, biasing resistance R ₂, load resistance R ₁, voltage-stabiliser tube D ₁, auxiliary relay K ₁With control relay K ₂Deng composition; Timely checking circuit is by triode BG ₂, diode D ₃, thermo-compensator R ₃, the positive pulse resistance R ₄, the negative differential resistance region resistance R ₅, regulate resistance R ₆With charging capacitor C ₄Deng composition; Signal circuit is by instrument transformer H ₁, H ₂, adjustable resistance W ₁, rectifier diode D ₄, voltage stabilizing didoe D ₂With filter capacitor C ₃Deng composition; Executive circuit is by auxiliary relay K ₁, capacitor C ₁, filter capacitor C ₂, voltage-stabiliser tube D ₁With compositions such as A.C. contactor C; Indicating circuit is by full-wave rectification diode D ₅, capacitor C ₅With light-emitting diode D ₆, D ₇Form; Each element state status when this switch operate as normal is as follows; When supply line's overload or short circuit, instrument transformer H ₁Primary side flows through overload current or short circuit current, and secondary side is crossed the electric current greater than rated value, instrument transformer H ₂Secondary side produce higher signal voltage, D ₂Breakdown, electric current adds to BG ₁Base stage, this base stage is a negative-phase sequence curent, so BG ₁End, at this moment K ₂Two point voltages raise rapidly, make K ₂Adhesive, then K _2-1Engage relay K ₁Decompression discharges, K _1-3Contact disconnects, thereby terminal executive component A.C. contactor C decompression is disconnected, and supply line is cut off, meanwhile, and K _1-2Disconnect, cut off BG ₁Base current, K _1-1Connect, timely checking circuit is started working, along with K _1-1Connection, the G point voltage is through R ₅, R ₆Give C ₄Charging is when charging voltage reaches BG ₂During peak point voltage, BG ₂Pipe e, b two lightly conductings, C ₄Give R ₄Discharge is at R ₄Last generation one voltage drop, polarity are last negative just down, and forward voltage is through D ₃Add to BG ₁Emitter, BG ₁Conducting, K ₂Two voltages reduce, K ₂Discharge K _2-1Disconnect auxiliary relay K ₁Get electric adhesive, contact K _1-3Connect, terminal executive component A.C. contactor C adhesive, circuit restores electricity; Do not get rid of yet as the fault in this moment circuit, governor circuit also is in normal operating conditions, repeats said process, gets rid of until fault, and main control loop just can be got back to stable state, i.e. power supply state.

2, three-phase electronic automatic switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that the terminal executive component selects CJ10 type A.C. contactor for use, and it is connected to the low pressure outlet side of distribution transformer, is normally off.

3, three-phase electronic automatic switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that C _oThe appearance value is that 0.4 μ f to 0.5 μ f withstand voltage is 630V, C ₃Select several+μ f for use, withstand voltage greater than 25 volts, C ₂Choose 100 μ f to 200 μ f/25V electrochemical capacitors, R ₁, R ₄Value is that tens Europe are to hundreds of Europe, R ₂Value is 110 kilo-ohms to tens kilo-ohms, R ₃Be hundreds of Europe, R ₆Be mega-ohms adjustable resistance, BG ₂Select BT33 for use, W ₁Value is generally at several kilo-ohms, D ₂Selecting puncture voltage for use is 3 to 6 volts of voltage-stabiliser tubes.

4, three-phase electronic automatic switch according to claim 1 is characterized in that instrument transformer H ₁Be three instrument transformer secondary side same polarities and connect, and every instrument transformer secondary side current is generally selected 1 ampere for use.

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