CN221508295U - Battery pack and electric equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery pack and electric equipment. The battery pack includes: the box body comprises a bottom plate; the battery module is arranged in the box body; a first exhaust passage located between a lower surface of the battery module and the bottom plate, and toward which a thermal runaway firing direction of the battery module is directed; a second exhaust passage communicating with the first exhaust passage; the second exhaust channel comprises two side walls which are oppositely arranged and a plurality of separation ribs which are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and each separation rib is connected with the two side walls; each separation rib is provided with an exhaust hole; the exhaust holes on the adjacent separation ribs are arranged in a staggered mode in the first direction. According to the utility model, turbulence is formed in the second exhaust channel by the thermal runaway high-temperature gas, and rapid cooling is realized, so that the thermal runaway gas can be ensured to be rapidly discharged out of the box body, the high-temperature gas can be effectively cooled, and the risk of open fire is reduced.

Description

Battery pack and electric equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack and electric equipment.

Background

Thermal safety of the battery pack is critical to the design of the battery pack. Once thermal runaway of the battery pack occurs, it is a great threat to the personal safety of the user. When thermal runaway occurs in a certain electric core in a battery module of the battery pack, if the high-temperature smoke released by the electric core cannot be effectively cooled, the high-temperature smoke can be burnt outside the battery pack, open fire disasters occur, the safety of a user is influenced, and proper design of an exhaust channel for thermal runaway is needed, so that the high-temperature gas is effectively cooled. In addition, the flow resistance of the exhaust channel is not excessively large, so that the rapid discharge of the release gas in thermal runaway is ensured, and the excessive internal pressure is prevented.

Disclosure of utility model

The application provides a battery pack, a battery pack and electric equipment, which are used for solving or at least improving the problems in the background technology and can meet the cooling requirement of high-temperature flue gas and the requirement of smoothness of exhaust.

One aspect of the present application provides a battery pack comprising: the box body comprises a bottom plate; the battery module is arranged in the box body; a first exhaust passage located between a lower surface of the battery module and the bottom plate, and toward which a thermal runaway firing direction of the battery module is directed; a second exhaust passage in communication with the first exhaust passage; the second exhaust channel comprises two side walls which are oppositely arranged and a plurality of separation ribs which are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and each separation rib is connected with the two side walls; each separation rib is provided with an exhaust hole; the exhaust holes on the adjacent separation ribs are arranged in a staggered mode in the first direction.

Therefore, when one or more electric cores in the battery module are subjected to thermal runaway, the thermal runaway high-temperature gas is sprayed to the first exhaust channel, and as the thermal runaway high-temperature flue gas does not have structures such as turbulence and the like in the first exhaust channel, the thermal runaway high-temperature flue gas basically flows in a laminar flow manner, and can enter the second exhaust channel from the first exhaust channel quickly, so that the high-temperature influence on a battery compartment is reduced, but at the same time, the cooling time of the high-temperature flue gas and the heat exchange degree with the bottom plate are also small, and therefore, the flue gas still has higher temperature after entering the second exhaust channel; in the second exhaust passage, exhaust holes on adjacent separation ribs are arranged in a staggered mode, and high-temperature flue gas flows in multiple directions, so that turbulence is formed in the second exhaust passage by the high-temperature gas in thermal runaway, rapid heat exchange with the wall surface at the turbulence is realized, cooling is realized, the temperature at the outlet of the thermal runaway exhaust passage is lower than an ignition point, and open flame combustion outside a bag is avoided. Therefore, the gas in thermal runaway can be discharged rapidly, the excessive internal pressure is prevented, the high-temperature gas can be cooled effectively, the risk of open fire is reduced, and the safety of a user is ensured.

Further, the distance between the adjacent separation ribs is 3mm to 10mm; and/or the width of the vent hole in a second direction is 3mm to 8mm, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

Further, in a third direction, the length of the second exhaust channel is equal to or slightly greater than the width of the first exhaust channel, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction.

Further, a distance between the lower surface of the battery module and the bottom plate is greater than or equal to 8mm.

Further, the box body further comprises a plurality of supporting plates arranged on the bottom plate, and the plurality of supporting plates are arranged at intervals in a third direction; the battery module is arranged on the adjacent supporting plate, and the adjacent supporting plate, the battery module and the bottom plate are enclosed to form the first exhaust channel.

Further, the box body further comprises a side beam, and a first explosion-proof valve is arranged on the side beam; the second exhaust passage is arranged in the boundary beam and is communicated with the first explosion-proof valve.

Further, the first explosion-proof valve is arranged opposite to the first exhaust passage.

Further, the tank body further comprises a boundary beam, a partition plate and a tank cover, wherein the boundary beam and the partition plate extend along the third direction, and a second explosion-proof valve is arranged on the boundary beam; the second exhaust passage is arranged in the partition board; a third exhaust passage is formed between the case cover and the upper surface of the battery module; wherein the third exhaust passage communicates with the second exhaust passage and with the second explosion-proof valve.

Further, the partition plate is arranged in the middle of the box body; and/or, the partition plate is arranged close to the side beam.

Finally, the application also provides electric equipment, which comprises the battery pack.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a battery pack case according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to a first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to a second embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to a third embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a battery pack according to a fourth embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present utility model. The present utility model may be embodied in many other forms than those herein described, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present utility model may be similarly embodied without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, and therefore the present utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that references to orientation descriptions such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, inner, outer, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present utility model can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.

In the description of the present utility model, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some implementations," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, the Z-axis direction is defined as a first direction, the X-axis direction is defined as a second direction, and the Y-axis direction is defined as a third direction.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, there is provided a battery pack including: the battery pack comprises a case 100, wherein the case 100 comprises a bottom plate 110, a battery module 200, and the battery module 200 is arranged in the case 100; a first vent passage 300, the first vent passage 300 being disposed between the lower surface of the battery module 200 and the bottom plate 110, and the thermal runaway firing direction of the battery module 200 being toward the first vent passage 300; and a second exhaust passage 400, the second exhaust passage 400 communicating with the first exhaust passage 300; the second exhaust passage 400 includes two sidewalls 420 disposed opposite to each other and a plurality of separation ribs 410 disposed at intervals along the first direction, each separation rib 410 being connected to the two sidewalls 420; each partition rib 410 is provided with an exhaust hole 411; the vent holes 411 on adjacent partition ribs 410 are arranged offset in the first direction Z. It will be appreciated that the battery pack may also include a cover and a pressure relief mechanism, such as an explosion proof valve, with the gas in the second vent passage 400 ultimately providing the pressure relief mechanism to be vented out of the case.

In this example, the second exhaust passage 400 is provided in the side sill 130, which will be described later.

In this way, when thermal runaway occurs in one or more cells in the battery module 200, the thermal runaway high temperature gas is sprayed to the first exhaust channel 300, and since the thermal runaway high temperature flue gas has no turbulence structure in the first exhaust channel 300, the flow is basically laminar, and the thermal runaway high temperature flue gas can quickly enter the second exhaust channel 400 from the first exhaust channel 300, so that the high temperature influence on the battery compartment is reduced, but at the same time, the cooling time of the high temperature flue gas and the heat exchange degree with the bottom plate are also small, and therefore the flue gas still has higher temperature when entering the second exhaust channel 400; in the second exhaust channel 400, the exhaust holes 411 on the adjacent separation ribs 410 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the high-temperature flue gas flows in multiple directions, so that the thermal runaway high-temperature gas forms turbulence in the second exhaust channel 400, and the thermal runaway high-temperature gas exchanges heat with the wall surface at the turbulence to realize cooling, thereby the temperature at the outlet of the thermal runaway exhaust channel is lower than the ignition point, and the open flame combustion outside the bag is avoided. Therefore, the application can ensure the rapid discharge of the gas in thermal runaway, prevent the excessive internal pressure, ensure the effective cooling of the high-temperature gas, reduce the risk of open fire and ensure the safety of users.

When thermal runaway occurs in the battery module 200, in order to allow the gas of thermal runaway to rapidly enter the first exhaust passage 300, the direction of the thermal runaway burst of the battery module 200 is directed toward the first exhaust passage 300. Illustratively, when the battery cells in the battery module 200 are soft pack battery cells, a weak area is provided on the lower side of the soft pack battery cells, so that thermal runaway bursts are ejected from the weak area; when the battery module 200 is a square-case cell, the explosion-proof valve of the cell is disposed on the side of the cell near the first exhaust passage 300, so that the thermal runaway spray is sprayed out from the explosion-proof valve of the cell. Of course, the battery cells in the battery module 200 may be blades or cylinders, which are not limited thereto, and only the direction of the thermal runaway burst of the battery module 200 needs to be directed to the first exhaust channel 300, which does not depart from the essence of the present application.

Specifically, the case 100 includes a plurality of support plates 120 disposed on the bottom plate 110, and the plurality of support plates 120 are disposed at intervals; the battery modules 200 are disposed on adjacent support plates 120, and the adjacent support plates 120, the battery modules 200, and the bottom plate 110 enclose to form a first exhaust channel 300. It is understood that both ends of the battery module 200 are placed on the adjacent two support plates 120, and the middle region of the battery module 200 is opposite to the first exhaust passage 300. Illustratively, the plurality of support plates 120 extend along the X-axis direction and are spaced apart in the Y-axis direction, for example, the support plates 120 are profiles having a certain height.

Further, the distance between the lower surface of the battery module 200 and the bottom plate 110 is greater than or equal to 8mm, thereby ensuring that the thermal runaway gas can smoothly enter the first exhaust passage 300 first, and the thermal runaway solid spray does not clog the first exhaust passage 300, thereby ensuring the smoothness of the exhaust.

With continued reference to fig. 3, the case 100 further includes a side beam 130, and a first explosion-proof valve 131 is disposed on the side beam 130; the second exhaust passage 400 is provided in the side sill 130, and the second exhaust passage 400 communicates with the first explosion-proof valve 131. In this embodiment, the outer sidewall and the inner sidewall of the side beam 130 opposite to each other directly define the second exhaust channel 400, so that the gas with thermal runaway enters the first exhaust channel 300, then enters the second exhaust channel 400, and finally is discharged from the first explosion-proof valve 131. Illustratively, the bottom of the side rail 130 has an opening to communicate with the first exhaust passage 300. The first explosion proof valve 131 is provided on the outer wall of the side sill 130 to communicate with the second exhaust passage 400 in the side sill 130.

Further, after the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in the second exhaust channel 400, in order to be rapidly discharged out of the box body, the first explosion-proof valve 131 is disposed on the boundary beam 130 at a position opposite to the first exhaust channel 300. I.e. the projection of the first explosion proof valve 131 onto the bottom plate 110 is located within the width of the first exhaust passage 300.

Specifically, the second exhaust channel 400 includes two opposite side walls 420, that is, the side walls 420 are an outer side wall and an inner side wall of the boundary beam 130; the second exhaust passage 400 further includes a plurality of partition ribs 410 and exhaust holes 411 spaced apart in the first direction Z; each partition rib 410 is connected to two side walls 420, and each partition rib 410 is provided with an exhaust hole 411; wherein, adjacent exhaust holes 411 are arranged in a staggered manner in the first direction Z.

Illustratively, the partition rib 411 extends in the second direction Y over the entire length direction of the side rail 130, and the plurality of partition ribs 411 improve the strength and rigidity of the side rail 130 and improve the impact resistance of the case. In the area opposite to the first exhaust channel 300, each partition rib 410 is provided with an exhaust hole 411, and adjacent exhaust holes 411 are arranged in a staggered manner in the first direction Z. Illustratively, the separating rib 411 is integrally formed with the side beam 130 or welded to connect the two; the exhaust hole 411 is formed in the partition rib 411. Therefore, after the high-temperature flue gas enters the second exhaust channel 400 in the boundary beam 130, the exhaust holes 411 on the separation ribs 410 move upwards layer by layer, and as the exhaust holes 411 are arranged in a staggered manner, turning occurs when the high-temperature flue gas flows, and the high-temperature flue gas forms turbulence when passing through the wall surface with a corner, and exchanges heat with the wall surface rapidly, so that cooling is realized. The number of the separating ribs 411 may be set according to specific design requirements, for example, 2 layers, 3 layers or 4 layers, so that the smoke after heat exchange and cooling is lower than the ignition point thereof. It will be further appreciated that to form a plurality of vent holes 411 that are offset, for example, referring to fig. 3, taking the left side edge beam 130 as an example, the vent holes 411 of the first layer are adjacent to the inner side wall of the edge beam 130, the vent holes 411 of the second layer are adjacent to the outer side wall of the edge beam 130, the vent holes 411 of the third layer are adjacent to the inner side wall of the edge beam 130, and so on, thereby forming a multi-layered corner structure to cause turbulence of the gas. The exhaust hole 411 may be a hole provided in the partition rib 411, or may be an opening defined by an end of the partition rib 411 and a wall of the side sill, and is not particularly limited herein.

In addition, in order to cool the high temperature gas effectively and discharge it smoothly in the second exhaust passage 400, the cooling effect is satisfied so that the temperature is lowered below the ignition point, and the flow resistance of the gas is not excessively large to prevent the rapid discharge thereof, so that the distance between the adjacent separation ribs 410 in the present application is 3mm to 10mm, that is, the height of the air passage is 3mm to 10mm; meanwhile, the vent 411 is exemplarily rectangular, and has a width of 3mm to 8mm in the second direction X, that is, a vent width of 3mm to 8mm; of course, the vent 411 may be circular, elliptical, or the like, as long as the width in the second direction X is 3mm to 8 mm. The above-described gas channel height and orifice width dimensions are set such that the thermal runaway solid spray does not clog the second exhaust channel 400. Of course, it is understood that the second exhaust passage 400 communicates with the first exhaust passage 300 for exhausting the thermal runaway gas, and thus the length of the exhaust hole 411 in the third direction Y may be adapted to the width of the first exhaust passage 300 in the third direction Y, for example, the length of the exhaust hole 411 is equal to or slightly greater than the width of the first exhaust passage 300 to satisfy the requirement of rapid exhaust. Illustratively, the length of the exhaust hole 411 is 0mm to 50mm greater than the width of the first exhaust passage 300.

Example two

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the second exhaust passage 400 is provided in the partition 140, and the partition 140 is provided in the middle of the battery pack case 100, i.e., the partition 140 partitions the battery pack case 100 into two receiving spaces for receiving the battery modules 200, respectively.

Specifically, the case 100 includes a side beam 130, a partition 140, and a case cover 150, the partition 140 is disposed in the middle of the battery pack case 100, the side beam 130 and the partition 140 extend along a third direction Y, and a second explosion-proof valve 132 is disposed on the side beam 130; the second exhaust passage 400 is provided in the partition 140; a third exhaust passage 500 is provided between the case cover 150 and the upper surface of the battery module 200, and the third exhaust passage 500 communicates with both the second exhaust passage 400 and the second explosion-proof valve 132. Therefore, when the battery core is in thermal runaway, the battery core is sprayed downwards, the high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the first exhaust channel 300, then enters the second exhaust channel 400 in the partition plate 140, turbulence is generated in the high-temperature flue gas in the second exhaust channel 400, heat exchange is generated between the high-temperature flue gas and the wall surface, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled rapidly and effectively, then enters the third exhaust channel 500, and finally, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the second explosion-proof valve 132 on the boundary beam 130. Illustratively, the second explosion proof valve 132 extends through the inner and outer walls of the boundary beam 130 to communicate with the third exhaust passage 500.

Example III

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 5, the main difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the second exhaust passage 400 is provided in the partition 140, and the partition 140 has two and is provided near the side sill 130, respectively. So that the two separators 140 can provide a pre-tightening force to the battery module 200, avoiding excessive expansion thereof.

Specifically, the box body 100 includes a boundary beam 130, a partition 140 and a box cover 150, where the two partition 140 are respectively disposed near the boundary beam 130, the boundary beam 130 and the partition 140 extend along a third direction Y, and a second explosion-proof valve 132 is disposed on the boundary beam 130; the second exhaust passage 400 is provided in the partition 140; a third exhaust passage 500 is provided between the case cover 150 and the upper surface of the battery module 200, and the third exhaust passage 500 communicates with both the second exhaust passage 400 and the second explosion-proof valve 132. Therefore, when the battery core is in thermal runaway, the battery core is sprayed downwards, the high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the first exhaust channel 300, then enters the second exhaust channel 400 in the partition plate 140, turbulence is generated in the high-temperature flue gas in the second exhaust channel 400, heat exchange is generated between the high-temperature flue gas and the wall surface, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled rapidly and effectively, then enters the third exhaust channel 500, and finally, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the second explosion-proof valve 132 on the boundary beam 130.

Example IV

Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 6, the main difference between the embodiment and the first embodiment is that the second exhaust passage 400 is provided in the separator 140, the separator 140 is provided at the middle of the battery pack case 100 and at a position close to the side rail 130, the three separators 140 divide the battery pack case 100 into two receiving spaces for placing the battery modules 200, respectively, and the separators provide a pre-tightening force to the battery modules 200 to prevent excessive expansion thereof.

Specifically, the case 100 includes a side beam 130, a partition 140, and a case cover 150, where the partition 140 is disposed in the middle of the battery pack case 100 and near the side beam 130, the side beam 130 and the partition 140 extend along a third direction Y, and a second explosion-proof valve 132 is disposed on the side beam 130; the second exhaust passage 400 is provided in the partition 140; a third exhaust passage 500 is provided between the case cover 150 and the upper surface of the battery module 200, and the third exhaust passage 500 communicates with both the second exhaust passage 400 and the second explosion-proof valve 132. Therefore, when the battery core is in thermal runaway, the battery core is sprayed downwards, the high-temperature flue gas firstly enters the first exhaust channel 300, then enters the second exhaust channel 400 in the partition plate 140, turbulence is generated in the high-temperature flue gas in the second exhaust channel 400, heat exchange is generated between the high-temperature flue gas and the wall surface, the high-temperature flue gas is cooled rapidly and effectively, then enters the third exhaust channel 500, and finally, the high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the second explosion-proof valve 132 on the boundary beam 130.

Finally, the application also provides electric equipment, which comprises the battery pack of any embodiment. For example, the powered device is a vehicle.

It should be noted that while the above describes exemplifying embodiments of the utility model, there are several different embodiments of the utility model, which are intended to be illustrative, and that the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A battery pack, comprising:

The box body comprises a bottom plate;

the battery module is arranged in the box body;

A first exhaust passage located between a lower surface of the battery module and the bottom plate, and toward which a thermal runaway firing direction of the battery module is directed;

a second exhaust passage in communication with the first exhaust passage;

the second exhaust channel comprises two side walls which are oppositely arranged and a plurality of separation ribs which are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and each separation rib is connected with the two side walls; each separation rib is provided with an exhaust hole; the exhaust holes on the adjacent separation ribs are arranged in a staggered mode in the first direction.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein a distance between adjacent ones of the separator ribs is 3mm to 10mm;

And/or the width of the vent hole in a second direction is 3mm to 8mm, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

3. The battery pack of claim 2, wherein the length of the second vent channel is equal to or slightly greater than the width of the first vent channel in a third direction, wherein the third direction is perpendicular to the first direction and perpendicular to the second direction.

4. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein a distance between a lower surface of the battery module and the bottom plate is greater than or equal to 8mm.

5. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the case further includes a plurality of support plates provided on the bottom plate, the plurality of support plates being spaced apart in a third direction;

The battery module is arranged on the adjacent supporting plate, and the adjacent supporting plate, the battery module and the bottom plate are enclosed to form the first exhaust channel.

6. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein the case further comprises a side rail having a first explosion-proof valve disposed thereon;

The second exhaust passage is arranged in the boundary beam and is communicated with the first explosion-proof valve.

7. The battery pack of claim 6, wherein the first explosion-proof valve is disposed opposite the first vent passage.

8. The battery pack of claim 5, wherein the case further comprises a side rail, a partition plate, and a case cover, the side rail and the partition plate each extending in the third direction, the side rail being provided with a second explosion-proof valve;

the second exhaust passage is arranged in the partition board;

A third exhaust passage is formed between the case cover and the upper surface of the battery module; wherein the third exhaust passage communicates with the second exhaust passage and with the second explosion-proof valve.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, wherein the separator is provided in a middle portion of the case; and/or, the partition plate is arranged close to the side beam.

10. A powered device comprising the battery pack of any of claims 1-9.