CN221426309U

CN221426309U - Young modulus measuring instrument

Info

Publication number: CN221426309U
Application number: CN202323482379.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李亚平; 李晓军; 欧海峰; 郭培灵; 徐倩; 赵佳璇
Original assignee: Henan University of Technology
Current assignee: Henan University of Technology
Priority date: 2023-12-20
Filing date: 2023-12-20
Publication date: 2024-07-26
Anticipated expiration: 2033-12-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a Young modulus measuring instrument, relates to the technical field of Young modulus measuring instruments, and solves the problems of inconvenient adjustment and inaccurate measurement of the Young modulus measuring instrument in the prior art. The base is provided with a stand column, the stand column is vertically and adjustably provided with a supporting sliding table, the supporting sliding table is provided with a strain gauge, the stand column is vertically and adjustably provided with a clamping frame, the clamping frame is provided with a spiral micrometer, the spiral micrometer is matched with the strain gauge, and the strain gauge is connected with a strain gauge bridge circuit. The micro displacement amplifier used for displaying and amplifying the length change of the metal wire in the prior art is replaced by the strain gauge, so that the length change of the metal wire is measured by the strain gauge, and the measurement result is more accurate. The adjustable setting support slip table on the stand to be convenient for adjust the initial position of foil gage after carrying out different wire installation, with confirm measuring initial position, it is convenient to measure for prior art, and measuring result is more accurate.

Description

Young modulus measuring instrument

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of Young modulus measuring instruments, in particular to a Young modulus measuring instrument.

Background

The material deforms under force, and within the elastic limit, the ratio of stress of the material to the hypochondriac deformation (i.e., relative deformation) is a constant, called the elastic modulus. The modulus of elasticity of a strip-shaped object (such as a steel wire) in the longitudinal direction is called young's modulus. Young's modulus is an important physical quantity for representing the solid property, is of great significance in engineering technology in particular, is commonly used for describing the deformation resistance of solid materials, and can also be used as a basis for selecting mechanical components. Young's modulus is measured by a stretching method, a beam bending method, a vibration method, an internal loss method, and the like. In the physical experiment of university, the Young's modulus of the metal wire is measured by a stretching method, and the Young's modulus is calculated by carrying out the stretching experiment on the metal wire and measuring the elongation delta l of the metal wire under different stress. Since the elongation Δl is generally small, an optical lever method is often used to measure a minute amount, that is, the minute angular displacement is amplified by an optical amplification method and then amplified into a larger linear displacement by rotation of a plane mirror. The traditional optical lever method is used for measuring the distance from the optical lever plane mirror to the scale, and the larger distance can cause inconvenience in experimental operation.

The Chinese patent publication No. CN113533033A discloses a metal wire Young modulus measuring instrument based on the principle of a hydraulic micro-displacement amplifier, which mainly comprises weights, weight plates, an injector, a transfusion tube, a capillary tube and a graduated scale, wherein a metal wire of Young modulus to be measured is vertically arranged, the upper end of the metal wire is fastened on an iron stand, and the lower end of the metal wire passes through a central hole of a fixing piece and is connected to the upper surface of the weight plates; the injector, the capillary tube and the infusion tube are communicated to form a micro displacement amplifier; the capillary is vertically arranged and made of hydrophobic material; the graduated scale is used for displaying the position of the liquid level in the capillary tube. By adding and subtracting weights on the weight tray, the up-and-down movement of the weight tray is reflected on the displacement of the syringe piston, and the displacement of the syringe piston causes the pressure change in the syringe, so that the water level in the capillary tube is changed. The invention has the advantages of larger magnification, more accurate observation, simpler and more convenient operation, simple experimental instrument and visual experimental phenomenon.

However, before the measurement, the zero position of the graduated scale corresponding to the position and the initial liquid level of the injector needs to be recalibrated due to different installation precision and positions after the metal wire to be measured is installed, but the structure of the measuring instrument lacks a structure for flexible adjustment, so that the problem of inconvenient adjustment exists. In addition, since friction exists between the piston of the injector and the cylinder and the friction force is large, the problem of inaccurate measurement is easily caused by the existence of the friction force when the weight presses down the piston end.

Disclosure of utility model

Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the utility model provides a Young modulus measuring instrument, which solves the problems of inconvenient adjustment and inaccurate measurement of the Young modulus measuring instrument in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows: the Young modulus measuring instrument comprises a base, wherein an upright post is arranged on the base, a supporting sliding table is vertically and adjustably arranged on the upright post, a strain gauge is arranged on the supporting sliding table, a clamping frame is vertically and adjustably arranged on the upright post, a spiral micrometer is arranged on the clamping frame and is matched with the strain gauge, and the strain gauge is connected with a strain gauge bridge circuit.

Preferably, the base comprises a counterweight underframe, and adjustable support legs are arranged below the counterweight underframe. Further, the adjustable support leg comprises a screw rod in threaded connection with the counterweight underframe, the lower end of the screw rod is connected with the rubber pad, and a locking nut is arranged on the screw rod.

Preferably, the upright posts are vertically and fixedly arranged on the counterweight underframe, and at least two upright posts are arranged. The support sliding table comprises a joist, wherein a holding lug seat I is arranged on the joist and is connected with a sliding bearing I arranged on the upright in a sliding way through the holding lug seat I; the clamping ear seat I is provided with a first locking piece matched with the side wall of the upright post; the joist is provided with a supporting frame, and the strain gauge is arranged on the supporting frame.

Preferably, the support frame is provided with a second locking piece matched with the strain gauge. The clamping frame one end is equipped with the U type card, and the other end is equipped with and embraces and press from both sides ear seat II, embraces and press from both sides ear seat II and slide and establish slide bearing II on the stand and be connected, spiral micrometer set up in U type card opening part and U type card on be equipped with spiral micrometer complex third retaining member, embrace and be provided with on the clamp ear seat II with stand complex fourth retaining member. Further, the first locking piece, the second locking piece, the third locking piece and the fourth locking piece are all set screws.

Preferably, the top of the upright post is provided with a top fixing seat, the top fixing seat is connected with a metal wire, the metal wire is connected with a cylindrical connecting rod, the cylindrical connecting rod is connected with a weight support, and the upright post is provided with a stabilizing table matched with the cylindrical connecting rod.

Preferably, the stabilizer table comprises a cross arm, a through hole for allowing a cylindrical connecting rod to pass through is formed in the cross arm, and a fastening knob matched with the stand column is connected to the cross arm through threads on the end part of the cross arm.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the micro displacement amplifier used for displaying and amplifying the length change of the metal wire in the prior art is replaced by the strain gauge, the strain gauge bridge circuit connected with the strain gauge is used for measuring the obvious change of the electrical parameter caused by the micro change of the length of the metal wire, the electrical parameter is used for replacing displacement for measurement, and the measurement result is more accurate. The support sliding table is arranged on the upright post in an adjustable way, so that the initial position of the strain gauge is convenient to adjust after different metal wires are installed, and the initial position of the strain gauge during measurement is determined; the screw micrometer is arranged on the upright post by utilizing the clamping frame, the corresponding relation coefficient between the displacement variation of the contact point of the strain gauge and the measurement indication of the strain gauge bridge circuit can be calibrated before measurement, the actual displacement of the metal wire can be calculated conveniently by increasing or decreasing the measurement indication and the coefficient of the strain gauge bridge circuit when weights are increased or decreased, the measurement is accurate, and the reliability is high.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the lower structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another view of the lower part of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the upper structure of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, in embodiment 1, a young modulus measuring apparatus is provided, a stand column 2 is provided on a base 1, a supporting sliding table 3 is vertically and adjustably provided on the stand column 2, a strain gauge 4 is provided on the supporting sliding table 3, and the setting of the supporting sliding table in this embodiment is convenient for adjusting the initial position of the strain gauge after different wires are installed, so as to determine the initial position of the strain gauge during measurement. The vertical adjustable clamping frame 5 that is equipped with on the stand 2 is equipped with spiral micrometer 6 on the clamping frame 5, and spiral micrometer 6 cooperates the setting with foil gage 4, and foil gage 4 is connected with foil gage bridge circuit. In the embodiment, the tiny displacement amplifier used for displaying and amplifying the length change of the metal wire in the prior art is replaced by the strain gauge, the strain gauge bridge circuit connected with the strain gauge is used for measuring the obvious change of the electrical parameter caused by the tiny change of the length of the metal wire, the electrical parameter is used for replacing displacement for measurement, and the measurement result is more accurate. By being arranged on the upright post in an adjustable way. The screw micrometer is arranged on the upright post by utilizing the clamping frame, the corresponding relation coefficient between the displacement variation of the contact point of the strain gauge and the measurement indication of the strain gauge bridge circuit can be calibrated before measurement, the actual displacement of the metal wire can be calculated conveniently by increasing or decreasing the measurement indication and the coefficient of the strain gauge bridge circuit when weights are increased or decreased, the measurement is accurate, and the reliability is high.

In addition, in this embodiment, as a further specific embodiment, a top fixing seat 21 is provided at the top of the upright post 2, the top fixing seat 21 is connected with a wire 22 to be measured, the wire 22 is connected with a cylindrical connecting rod 23, the cylindrical connecting rod 23 is connected with a weight holder 24, and a stabilizing table matched with the cylindrical connecting rod 23 is provided on the upright post 2. Wherein, the stabilizer table includes cross arm 26, is equipped with the perforation that satisfies cylinder connecting rod 23 and pass on the cross arm 26. The diameter of the perforation is slightly larger than that of the cylindrical connecting rod, after leveling, the cylindrical connecting rod is in no contact with the perforation and has no friction in the state of no weight, and then the measuring frame is vertical. The upright post 2 passes through the end part of the cross arm 26, and a fastening knob 27 matched with the upright post 2 is connected to the cross arm 26 in a threaded manner, and the end part is tightly propped against the upright post when the fastening knob is screwed, so that the position of the cross arm is locked. In addition, in the embodiment, the upper end of the cylindrical connecting rod is fixedly pressed with the metal wire through a bolt, and the lower end of the cylindrical metal rod is in threaded connection with the weight support. The top of the optional cylindrical connecting rod is provided with a chuck which can clamp the metal wire to form and fix.

Embodiment 2, a young's modulus measuring instrument, based on embodiment 1, the base 1 comprises a weight chassis 7, and an adjustable support leg is arranged below the weight chassis 7. Specifically, in this embodiment, the counterweight underframe is an a-shaped triangle underframe, and three adjustable support legs are arranged on the counterweight underframe to form a support. The adjustable support leg comprises a screw rod 8 in threaded connection with the counterweight underframe 7, the lower end of the screw rod 8 is connected with a rubber pad 9, and a lock nut is arranged on the screw rod 8. The upright posts 2 are vertically and fixedly arranged on the counterweight underframe 7 and are at least two. In this embodiment, the stand sets up two altogether, all sets up and welded fastening or bolt fastening with the counter weight chassis is perpendicular.

In addition, as an alternative embodiment, a level gauge is arranged on the counterweight underframe, and can be used as a reference when the counterweight underframe or the whole measuring instrument is leveled.

When the counterweight underframe is leveled, the screws of different adjustable supporting legs are rotated, so that the distance from the rubber pad to the counterweight underframe is changed, the purposes of adjusting the height and the levelness are achieved, and finally, the screw is locked by using the locking nut.

Embodiment 3 as shown in fig. 3, a young modulus measuring instrument is provided, on the basis of embodiment 2, the supporting sliding table 3 comprises a joist 11, and both ends of the joist 11 are respectively provided with a clamping ear seat i 12 and are connected with a sliding bearing i 13 slidably arranged on the upright 2 through the clamping ear seats i 12. In this embodiment, a first locking member 14 engaged with a side wall of the upright post 2 is disposed on the ear holding base i 12. When the height position of the strain gauge is required to be adjusted, the end part of the first locking piece is separated from the upright post by rotating the first locking piece, the whole supporting sliding table is moved along the upright post, the movement of the strain gauge is realized, and finally the first locking piece is screwed to form locking.

In addition, the joist 11 is provided with a supporting frame 15, and the strain gage 4 is arranged on the supporting frame 15. The supporting frame 15 is provided with a second locking piece 16 matched with the strain gauge 4. In this embodiment, the support frame is U type setting, and the second retaining member sets up four altogether, presss from both sides tightly fixedly from both sides the foil gage respectively.

Embodiment 4, a young modulus measuring apparatu, on the basis of embodiment 3, clamping frame 5 one end is equipped with U type card 17, and the other end is equipped with embraces and presss from both sides ear seat II 18, embraces and presss from both sides ear seat II 18 and slide and establish slide bearing II on stand 2, in this embodiment, the clamping frame can rotate and slide relative stand under slide bearing II's effect. The screw micrometer 6 is arranged at the opening of the U-shaped clamp 17, a third locking piece 19 matched with the screw micrometer 6 is arranged on the U-shaped clamp 17, and a fourth locking piece 20 matched with the upright post 2 is arranged on the clamping ear seat II 18. In the embodiment, two third locking pieces are arranged on the U-shaped card, and the screw micrometer can be tightly locked by the third locking pieces. The fourth locking piece can lock the position of the clamping frame on the upright post. In this embodiment, the first locking member 14, the second locking member 16, the third locking member 19, and the fourth locking member 20 are set screws.

The above embodiment is carried out in the following steps when in use:

S1, connecting a strain gauge bridge circuit: according to the conventional connection mode of the strain gauge bridge circuit, the strain gauge is connected with the strain gauge bridge circuit, and in order to obtain the most obvious effect, the strain gauge bridge circuit is preferably tested by adopting a full-bridge circuit.

S2, calibrating a corresponding relation coefficient between the displacement variable quantity of the contact of the strain gauge and the measurement indication of the strain gauge bridge circuit: 1. the fine tuning knob of the micrometer is rotated to open a sufficient distance between the spindle and anvil of the micrometer. 2. The clamping frame 5 is moved to enable the screw rod of the screw micrometer to be close to the contact point of the strain gauge, and the position of the clamping frame 5 on the upright post is locked. 3. The trimming knob of the screw micrometer is rotated to allow the measuring rod to just contact the contacts of the strain gauge, and the voltage reading of the strain gauge bridge circuit is changed from 0 to a value slightly greater than 0. 4. Then, a fine tuning knob of the spiral micrometer is rotated, so that a measuring rod of the spiral micrometer presses a strain gauge contact to enable the strain gauge contact to bend downwards, at the moment, a measured value of a voltmeter in a strain gauge bridge circuit is increased, readings and voltage values of the spiral micrometer are recorded, and a corresponding relation coefficient of displacement and the voltage values is calculated. 5. After calibration, the clamping frame is moved to separate and remove the spiral micrometer from the strain gauge.

S3, correcting system errors: and sequentially placing weights on the contacts of the strain gauge 4, balancing the contact elastic force of the strain gauge and the weight gravity during stabilization, recording the voltage value during stabilization, and obtaining a relation curve of the voltage and the elastic force.

S4, adjusting the working state of the Young's elastic modulus instrument. And installing the metal wire to be measured between the top fixing seat and the cylindrical connecting rod, and leveling the whole measuring instrument by rotating the adjustable support legs to lead the measuring instrument to be vertical. And then the height of the supporting sliding table is adjusted to enable the lower side of the weight tray to be placed well and the contacts of the strain gauges to be contacted.

5. The length l, diameter d of the wire is measured and the wire cross-sectional area S is calculated.

6. Recording the initial voltage reading of the strain gauge bridge circuit, loading weights, recording the voltage value at the same time, and calculating the Young modulus.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. Young's modulus measuring instrument, including base (1), its characterized in that: be equipped with stand (2) on base (1), vertical adjustable on stand (2) is equipped with supports slip table (3), is equipped with foil gage (4) on supporting slip table (3), vertical adjustable on stand (2) is equipped with holder (5), be equipped with spiral micrometer (6) on holder (5), spiral micrometer (6) and foil gage (4) cooperation setting, foil gage (4) are connected with foil gage bridge circuit.

2. Young's modulus meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the base (1) comprises a counterweight underframe (7), and adjustable supporting feet are arranged below the counterweight underframe (7).

3. Young's modulus meter according to claim 2, characterized in that: the adjustable support leg comprises a screw rod (8) in threaded connection with the counterweight underframe (7), the lower end of the screw rod (8) is connected with a rubber pad (9), and a locking nut is arranged on the screw rod (8).

4. Young's modulus meter according to claim 2, characterized in that: the upright posts (2) are vertically and fixedly arranged on the counterweight underframe (7) and at least two upright posts are arranged.

5. The young's modulus measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the supporting sliding table (3) comprises a joist (11), wherein a clamping lug seat I (12) is arranged on the joist (11) and is connected with a sliding bearing I (13) arranged on the upright post (2) in a sliding manner through the clamping lug seat I (12); a first locking piece (14) matched with the side wall of the upright post (2) is arranged on the holding ear seat I (12); the support frame (15) is arranged on the joist (11), and the strain gauge (4) is arranged on the support frame (15).

6. The young's modulus meter according to claim 5, wherein: the support frame (15) is provided with a second locking piece (16) matched with the strain gauge (4).

7. The young's modulus meter according to claim 6, wherein: the clamping frame (5) one end is equipped with U type card (17), and the other end is equipped with embraces and presss from both sides ear seat II (18), embraces and presss from both sides ear seat II (18) and slide and establish slide bearing II on stand (2) and be connected, spiral micrometer ware (6) set up in U type card (17) opening part and be equipped with on U type card (17) with spiral micrometer ware (6) complex third retaining member (19), embraces and is provided with on clamp ear seat II (18) with stand (2) complex fourth retaining member (20).

8. The young's modulus meter according to claim 7, wherein: the first locking piece (14), the second locking piece (16), the third locking piece (19) and the fourth locking piece (20) are all set screws.

9. The young's modulus measuring instrument according to any of claims 1-4, 6-8, wherein: the top of stand (2) is equipped with top fixing base (21), and top fixing base (21) are connected with wire (22), and wire (22) are connected with cylinder connecting rod (23), and cylinder connecting rod (23) are connected with weight support (24), are equipped with on stand (2) with cylinder connecting rod (23) matched with stable platform.

10. The young's modulus meter according to claim 9, wherein: the stabilizing table comprises a cross arm (26), a through hole which is used for allowing a cylindrical connecting rod (23) to pass through is formed in the cross arm (26), and a fastening knob (27) which is matched with the upright post (2) is connected to the end part of the cross arm (26) in a threaded manner.