CN221351718U

CN221351718U - Zero line, live wire and ground wire detection circuit and electric equipment

Info

Publication number: CN221351718U
Application number: CN202322888007.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁金盛
Original assignee: Foshan Shunde Zhuojing Electronic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Shunde Zhuojing Electronic Technology Co ltd
Filing date: 2023-10-27
Publication date: 2024-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2033-10-27

Abstract

The utility model discloses a zero line, fire wire and ground wire detection circuit and an electric device for detecting the access state of the zero line and the fire wire of commercial power when the zero line and the fire wire are accessed to a user unit, wherein the detection circuit comprises: the connecting module comprises a connecting sub-circuit, a first terminal 1, a second terminal 2 and a third terminal 3, wherein the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 are used for connecting a live wire zero line and a ground wire; the detection module comprises a first optical coupler U1, a second optical coupler U2, a third optical coupler U3 and an output sub-circuit, wherein the output sub-circuit is also connected with a voltage end; the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are respectively connected with the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 through the connection sub-circuit, the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are used for detecting connection conditions of the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3, and the output sub-circuit outputs corresponding signals.

Description

Zero line, live wire and ground wire detection circuit and electric equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of electrical safety, in particular to a zero line, a fire wire and ground wire detection circuit and electric equipment.

Background

When electric power wiring, the position of the heart of the human body is combined, and in order to ensure personal safety of operators, the live wire is generally on the right and the zero wire is on the left. When the civil power circuit is connected into the user unit, the live wire is connected with the user switch in series firstly (namely the user switch is arranged on the live wire), and then is connected with the power load in series after being switched on, and then returns to the zero line, so that after the user switches off, a human body contacts with the power supply of the power load, an operator cannot get an electric shock, and safety maintenance of electric equipment is facilitated. If the zero line live wire and the ground wire are in wrong connection, or the grounding is unreliable, or the ground wire is electrified, safety accidents such as electric shock and the like are easily caused, and the safety maintenance of electric equipment is not facilitated. However, the existing zero line and live line detection technology has some defects, such as single detection condition, can only detect whether the zero line and live line are grounded or not, and can not detect various complex conditions of line connection.

Disclosure of utility model

In order to overcome the technical defects, the utility model provides a zero line, a fire wire and a ground wire detection circuit and electric equipment, and in order to solve the problems, the utility model is realized according to the following technical scheme:

In a first aspect, there is provided a neutral, hot and ground detection circuit for detecting an access state of a neutral, hot line of mains supply when the neutral, hot line is connected to a subscriber unit, the detection circuit comprising: the connecting module comprises a connecting sub-circuit, a first terminal 1, a second terminal 2 and a third terminal 3, wherein the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 are used for connecting a live wire zero line and a ground wire; the detection module comprises a first optical coupler U1, a second optical coupler U2, a third optical coupler U3 and an output sub-circuit, wherein the output sub-circuit is also connected with a voltage end; the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are respectively connected with the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 through the connection sub-circuit, the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are used for detecting connection conditions of the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3, and the output sub-circuit outputs corresponding signals.

With reference to the first aspect, further, the detection circuit further includes: the reminding module is connected with the output sub-circuit of the detection module; the reminding module comprises a singlechip; the reminding module further comprises a display screen; the singlechip is connected with the display screen.

With reference to the first aspect, further, the connection sub-circuit further includes: the device comprises a plurality of current limiting resistors, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4; the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are Y1 safety capacitors; the first diode D1 is a zener diode; the second diode D2, the third diode D3, and the fourth diode D4 are rectifier diodes.

With reference to the first aspect, further, one end of the first terminal 1 is connected to an anode of the second diode D2, a cathode of the second diode D2 is connected to the pin 1 of the first optocoupler U1, the pin 2 of the first optocoupler U1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the third terminal 3;

The first terminal 1 is also connected with an anode of the third diode D3, a cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the pin 1 of the second optocoupler U2, and the pin 2 of the second optocoupler U2 is connected with the second terminal 2.

The second terminal 2 is further connected with an anode of the fourth diode D4, a cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected with the pin 1 of the third optocoupler U3, and the pin 2 of the third optocoupler U3 is connected with the third terminal 3.

With reference to the first aspect, further, a current limiting resistor is connected between the pin 2 of the first optocoupler U1 and the cathode of the first diode D1, and a current limiting resistor and a first capacitor C1 are connected between the anode of the first diode D1 and the third terminal 3; a current limiting resistor is connected between the first terminal 1 and the anode of the third diode D3; and a current limiting resistor and a second capacitor C2 are connected between the pin 2 of the third optocoupler U3 and the third terminal 3.

With reference to the first aspect, further, the output sub-circuit includes: the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the first voltage terminal V1 and the second voltage terminal V2; the first resistor R1, the fourth resistor R4 and the sixth resistor R6 are current limiting resistors; the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5 are pull-up resistors, and the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 are filter capacitors.

With reference to the first aspect, further, the output sub-circuit further includes:

The first output end S1 is connected with the pin 4 of the first optical coupler U1 and is used for outputting an output signal of the first optical coupler U1;

The second output end S2 is connected with the pin 4 of the second optical coupler U2 and is used for outputting an output signal of the second optical coupler U2;

And the third output end S3 is connected with the pin 4 of the third optical coupler U3 and is used for outputting an output signal of the third optical coupler U3.

With reference to the first aspect, further, a pin 4 of the first optocoupler U1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first voltage end V1; the first optocoupler U1 pin 4 is also connected with one end of the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the first output end S1; the pin 3 of the first optical coupler U1 is grounded;

The pin4 of the second optocoupler U2 is connected with one end of the third resistor R3, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the first voltage end V1; the second optocoupler U2 pin4 is also connected with one end of the fourth resistor R4, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with the second output end S2; the pin 3 of the second optocoupler U2 is grounded;

The pin 4 of the third optocoupler U3 is connected with one end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the second voltage end V2, the pin 4 of the third optocoupler U3 is also connected with the sixth resistor R6, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the third output end S3; and a pin 3 of the third optocoupler U3 is grounded.

With reference to the first aspect, further, one end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the first output end S1;

One end of the fourth capacitor C4 is grounded, and the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4 and the second output end S2;

one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded, and the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6 and the third output end S3.

In a second aspect, an electrical device is provided, where the electrical device includes any of the above-mentioned neutral, live and ground detection circuits.

Compared with the prior art, the zero line, fire wire and ground wire detection circuit has the beneficial effects that:

A neutral, hot and ground detection circuit for detecting an access condition of a neutral, hot line of mains supply when the neutral, hot line is connected to a subscriber unit, the detection circuit comprising: the connecting module comprises a connecting sub-circuit, a first terminal 1, a second terminal 2 and a third terminal 3, wherein the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 are used for connecting a live wire zero line and a ground wire; the detection module comprises a first optical coupler U1, a second optical coupler U2, a third optical coupler U3 and an output sub-circuit, wherein the output sub-circuit is also connected with a voltage end; the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are respectively connected with the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 through the connection sub-circuit, the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are used for detecting connection conditions of the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3, and the output sub-circuit outputs corresponding signals. Through the detection circuit, various abnormal conditions can be detected, connection errors can be comprehensively and accurately identified through different ratios of output signals, and reminding is automatically made to prompt a user of potential safety hazards.

Drawings

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit connections of a neutral, live and ground detection circuit according to the present utility model;

In the figure: 10-connecting modules; 11-a connection sub-circuit; 20-a detection module; 21-an output sub-circuit; 30-reminding module.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present utility model will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, it being understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation of the present utility model only, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present utility model, there is a description of "first", "second", etc., and the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

As shown in fig. 1, a preferred connection mode of the neutral, live and ground detection circuits according to the present utility model is shown.

A neutral, hot and ground detection circuit for detecting an access condition of a neutral, hot line of mains supply when the neutral, hot line is connected to a subscriber unit, the detection circuit comprising: the device comprises a connection module 10 and a detection module 20, wherein the connection module 10 comprises a connection sub-circuit 11, a first terminal 1, a second terminal 2 and a third terminal 3, and the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 are used for connecting a live wire zero line and a ground wire; the detection module 20 comprises a first optical coupler U1, a second optical coupler U2, a third optical coupler U3 and an output sub-circuit 21, wherein the output sub-circuit 21 is also connected with a voltage end; the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2, and the third optocoupler U3 are respectively connected to the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2, and the third terminal 3 through the connection sub-circuit 11, where the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2, and the third optocoupler U3 are used to detect connection conditions of the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2, and the third terminal 3, and the output sub-circuit 21 outputs corresponding signals.

Specifically, the first optical coupler U1, the second optical coupler U2 and the third optical coupler U3 are unidirectional optical couplers, a light emitting diode and a phototriode are integrated inside each of the first optical coupler U1, the second optical coupler U2 and the third optical coupler U3, a pin 1 of the first optical coupler U1 is an anode of the light emitting diode in the first optical coupler U1, a pin 2 of the first optical coupler U1 is a cathode of the light emitting diode in the first optical coupler U1, a pin 3 of the first optical coupler U1 is an emitter of the phototriode in the first optical coupler U1, a pin 4 of the first optical coupler U1 is a collector of the phototriode in the first optical coupler U1, and pins of the second optical coupler U2 and the third optical coupler U3 are labeled according to the method.

Further, the detection circuit further includes: a reminding module 30, wherein the reminding module 30 is connected with the output sub-circuit 21 of the detection module 20; the reminding module 30 comprises a singlechip; the reminding module 30 further comprises a display screen; the singlechip is connected with the display screen. Specifically, the singlechip is provided with an independent power supply system. In addition, the alert module has a variety of forms: 1. the simplest, first output end S1, second output end S2 and third output end S3 connect an LED respectively and do the pilot lamp to +5V can, when the output end outputs high level, the LED goes out, when the output end outputs low level, the LED is full bright, when the output end outputs pulse signal, the LED half bright. 2. The first output end S1, the second output end S2 and the third output end S3 are connected with an IO port of the singlechip for detection, and can be connected with various output modules, such as various display screens (as indication) of LCD/LED/OLED (liquid crystal display/light emitting diode) and the like, buzzers (as alarm), WIFI/Bluetooth (mobile phone APP notification) and the like.

Further, the connection sub-circuit 11 further includes: the device comprises a plurality of current limiting resistors, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4; the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are Y1 safety capacitors; the first diode D1 is a zener diode; the second diode D2, the third diode D3, and the fourth diode D4 are rectifier diodes. Specifically, the connection module 10 is mainly a buck current-limiting signal input circuit, and the detection module 20 is mainly a photoelectric isolation signal output circuit.

Further, one end of the first terminal 1 is connected with an anode of the second diode D2, a cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the pin 1 of the first optocoupler U1, the pin 2 of the first optocoupler U1 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, and the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the third terminal 3;

Further, a current limiting resistor is connected between the pin 2 of the first optocoupler U1 and the cathode of the first diode D1, and a current limiting resistor and a first capacitor C1 are connected between the anode of the first diode D1 and the third terminal 3; a current limiting resistor is connected between the first terminal 1 and the anode of the third diode D3; and a current limiting resistor and a second capacitor C2 are connected between the pin 2 of the third optocoupler U3 and the third terminal 3.

Further, the output sub-circuit 21 includes: the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the first voltage terminal V1 and the second voltage terminal V2; the first resistor R1, the fourth resistor R4 and the sixth resistor R6 are current limiting resistors; the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5 are pull-up resistors, and the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 are filter capacitors. The filter capacitor is used for filtering and eliminating high-frequency noise, so that only needed signals are reserved in the circuit, the influence of interference signals is prevented, and the output signals are smoother.

Further, the output sub-circuit 21 further includes:

Further, a pin 4 of the first optocoupler U1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the first voltage end V1; the first optocoupler U1 pin 4 is also connected with one end of the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the first output end S1; the pin 3 of the first optical coupler U1 is grounded;

The pin 4 of the third optocoupler U3 is connected with one end of the fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected with the second voltage end V2, the pin 4 of the third optocoupler U3 is also connected with the sixth resistor R6, and the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the third output end S3; and a pin 3 of the third optocoupler U3 is grounded. Specifically, the first voltage terminal V1 and the second voltage terminal V2 are both voltages of +5v, and when the optocoupler is not turned on, a high-level signal is output to the output module through the pull-up resistor.

Further, one end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the first output end S1;

In one implementation of the circuit connection structure shown in fig. 1, when the first terminal 1 is connected to the live wire L, the second terminal 2 is connected to the neutral wire N, and the third terminal 3 is connected to the protection ground PE (the protection ground PE is connected to the national standard ground wire or is connected to a non-national standard ground wire with a smaller ground resistance and no electrification), the circuit connection structure is in a normal safe ground condition, and there is a positive voltage between the live wire L and the protection ground PE in a positive half cycle of the power supply positive rotation, and after the differential pressure of the first diode D1 is subtracted, the first optocoupler U1 can still be turned on, and the first output terminal S1 outputs a low level; and in the positive rotation wave negative half cycle of the power supply, negative voltage is arranged between the live wire L and the protection ground PE, the first optocoupler U1 is cut off, and the first output end S1 outputs high level. I.e. the first output S1 has a square wave signal output. Similarly, the second output end S2 outputs a square wave signal; the third output terminal S3 always outputs a high level. At this time, the single chip in the reminding module 30 displays the normal connection condition on the display screen.

In another implementation of the circuit connection structure shown in fig. 1, when the first terminal 1 is connected to the live wire L, the second terminal 2 is connected to the zero line N, and when the third terminal 3 is electrified out-of-phase (out-of-phase electricity is a three-phase power phase line with a phase different from that of the live wire L), the third output terminal S3 has a square wave signal output; when the third terminal 3 is suspended and is not electrified (the voltage of the neutral line N to a certain point is not more than the safety voltage of a human body when the third terminal is not electrified), the first output end S1 always outputs a high level; when the third terminal 3 is connected to the non-protection NPE or the third terminal 3 is charged (the non-protection NPE is a non-national standard ground wire connected with a larger ground resistance or charged, the charged meaning that the voltage of a certain point to the zero line N exceeds the safety voltage of the human body), the first output terminal S1 always outputs a high level. Specifically, the circuit can also detect the situations that the live wire is reversely connected with the neutral wire, the live wire is reversely connected with the ground wire, the neutral wire is reversely connected with the ground wire (non-protective NPE), and the like.

The zero line, live line and ground line detection circuit can be integrated into a single product for use.

The electric equipment comprises any one of the zero line, the live line and the ground line detection circuits.

The utility model relates to a zero line, fire wire and ground wire detection circuit, which has the working principle that:

A neutral, hot and ground detection circuit for detecting an access condition of a neutral, hot line of mains supply when the neutral, hot line is connected to a subscriber unit, the detection circuit comprising: the connecting module comprises a connecting sub-circuit, a first terminal 1, a second terminal 2 and a third terminal 3, wherein the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 are used for connecting a live wire zero line and a ground wire; the detection module comprises a first optical coupler U1, a second optical coupler U2, a third optical coupler U3 and an output sub-circuit, wherein the output sub-circuit is also connected with a voltage end; the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are respectively connected with the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 through the connection sub-circuit, the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are used for detecting connection conditions of the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3, and the output sub-circuit outputs corresponding signals.

Other configurations of a neutral, live and ground detection circuit as described in this embodiment are known in the art.

The present utility model is not limited to the preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical principles of the present utility model are within the scope of the technical proposal of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A neutral, hot and ground detection circuit for detecting an access condition of a neutral, hot line of mains supply when the neutral, hot line is connected to a subscriber unit, the detection circuit comprising:

a connection module (10), wherein the connection module (10) comprises a connection sub-circuit (11), a first terminal 1, a second terminal 2 and a third terminal 3, and the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 are used for connecting a live wire zero line and a ground wire;

The detection module (20) comprises a first optical coupler U1, a second optical coupler U2, a third optical coupler U3 and an output sub-circuit (21), wherein the output sub-circuit (21) is also connected with a voltage end;

The first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are respectively connected with the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3 through the connection sub-circuit (11), the first optocoupler U1, the second optocoupler U2 and the third optocoupler U3 are used for detecting connection conditions of the first terminal 1, the second terminal 2 and the third terminal 3, and the output sub-circuit (21) outputs corresponding signals.

2. A neutral, hot and ground detection circuit as recited in claim 1, further comprising:

The reminding module (30), the said reminding module (30) is connected with output sub-circuit (21) of the said detection module (20);

the reminding module (30) comprises a singlechip;

The reminding module (30) further comprises a display screen;

The singlechip is connected with the display screen.

3. A neutral, live and ground detection circuit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that said connection sub-circuit (11) further comprises:

the device comprises a plurality of current limiting resistors, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4;

The first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 are Y1 safety capacitors;

the first diode D1 is a zener diode;

the second diode D2, the third diode D3, and the fourth diode D4 are rectifier diodes.

4. A neutral, hot and ground detection circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that:

One end of the first terminal 1 is connected with an anode of the second diode D2, a cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with a pin 1 of the first optical coupler U1, a pin 2 of the first optical coupler U1 is connected with a cathode of the first diode D1, and an anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the third terminal 3;

The first terminal 1 is also connected with the anode of the third diode D3, the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected with the pin 1 of the second optical coupler U2, and the pin 2 of the second optical coupler U2 is connected with the second terminal 2;

5. The neutral, hot and ground sensing circuit of claim 4, wherein:

A current limiting resistor is connected between the pin 2 of the first optocoupler U1 and the cathode of the first diode D1, and a current limiting resistor and a first capacitor C1 are connected between the anode of the first diode D1 and the third terminal 3;

A current limiting resistor is connected between the first terminal 1 and the anode of the third diode D3;

And a current limiting resistor and a second capacitor C2 are connected between the pin 2 of the third optocoupler U3 and the third terminal 3.

6. A neutral, live and ground detection circuit as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the output sub-circuit (21) comprises:

The first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5, the first voltage terminal V1 and the second voltage terminal V2;

The first resistor R1, the fourth resistor R4 and the sixth resistor R6 are current limiting resistors;

the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5 are pull-up resistors,

The third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 are filter capacitors.

7. A neutral, live and ground detection circuit as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that said output sub-circuit (21) further comprises:

8. A neutral, hot and ground sensing circuit as defined in claim 7, wherein:

The pin 4 of the first optocoupler U1 is connected with one end of the second resistor R2, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the first voltage end V1; the first optocoupler U1 pin 4 is also connected with one end of the first resistor R1, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the first output end S1; the pin 3 of the first optical coupler U1 is grounded;

9. A neutral, hot and ground sensing circuit as defined in claim 8, wherein:

One end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and the first output end S1;

10. A powered device comprising a neutral, live and ground detection circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.