CN221320660U - Prestressed main cable anti-slip device - Google Patents
Prestressed main cable anti-slip device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN221320660U CN221320660U CN202323086018.1U CN202323086018U CN221320660U CN 221320660 U CN221320660 U CN 221320660U CN 202323086018 U CN202323086018 U CN 202323086018U CN 221320660 U CN221320660 U CN 221320660U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cable
- slip
- saddle
- main
- main cable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a prestress main cable anti-sliding device, which comprises a main cable and cable saddles used for installing the main cable, wherein cable clamps are arranged on the main cable positioned on two sides of the cable saddles, anti-sliding connecting lug plates are arranged on the cable clamps, and anchoring connecting pieces are arranged on the cable saddles; an anti-slip cable is arranged between the cable saddle and the cable clamp, the anti-slip cable is a flexible cable, one end of the flexible cable is hinged with an anti-slip connecting lug plate of the cable clamp through a pin shaft, and the other end of the flexible cable is anchored on an anchoring connecting piece of the cable saddle in a mode of applying certain prestress. According to the utility model, one end of the flexible anti-slip cable is hinged with the cable clamp, and the other end of the flexible anti-slip cable is anchored to the cable saddle by applying prestress, so that the cable clamp and the anti-slip cable at two sides of the main cable, the cable saddle and the bridge tower are connected to form a cable system with prestress, the stress characteristics of the cable system are converted and self-adaptively balanced in the system, and no additional load is caused to other components such as the bridge tower, the stiffening girder and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of bridges, and particularly relates to a prestressed main cable anti-slip device.
Background
The self-anchored suspension bridge is characterized in that a main cable is directly anchored on a stiffening girder, and the stiffening girder bears the horizontal component force of the main cable, so that a balance system is formed. According to the stress characteristics, the main cable is generally larger in sagittal span, so that the inclination angle of a sling close to the bridge tower and the main cable is larger, and a cable clamp is required to provide larger anti-skid force for the main cable. The cable clamp is characterized in that the cable clamp is formed by fastening bolt pairs, so that static friction force is generated between the main cable steel wire and the inner wall of the cable clamp to provide anti-sliding force for the sling, therefore, the cable clamp which is generally close to a bridge tower is longer, the number of the bolt pairs is more, and the uniformity of the fastening force between high-strength bolts is poor. And the main cable steel wire can be stretched after being stressed, the cross section is reduced, and the fastening force loss of the cable clamp bolt is caused, so that the anti-skid performance between the cable clamp and the main cable is affected. The problem of cable clip slippage often occurs in the operation process, and the structural safety of a bridge is seriously affected. Meanwhile, the main cable is constrained in the cable saddle through static friction force between the cable strand steel wires and the cable saddle groove. Because the inclination angles of the two sides of the bridge tower are different, unequal horizontal component forces can be generated on the two sides, and the main cable is in sliding risk. Especially when there is the unbalanced load of limit in bridge tower one side, the static friction force of main cable and saddle groove can't satisfy the anti-skidding requirement, leads to the relative slip of main cable in the saddle groove, causes the line shape and the stress state change of main cable to influence bridge structure safety. Therefore, how to solve the relative sliding problem of the main cable and the tower end cable clamp and the main cable and the cable saddle is a technology which needs to be solved urgently for the self-anchored suspension bridge.
The prior art discloses an anti-sliding device of a large-inclination-angle space inclined main cable clamp, wherein the top cable clamp of a main cable is connected with a bridge tower by adopting a rigid pull rod assembly, adjacent cable clamps are connected through the rigid pull rod assembly, and the cable clamps on the main cable are connected into a whole along the length direction, so that the aim of preventing the cable clamps from sliding is fulfilled. However, this method also has disadvantages: the connection between the cable clamps and the cable towers are connected by adopting rigid pull rods, when the main cable is subjected to external load and temperature alternation, the main cable can deform, the deformation capacity of the rigid pull rods is poorer than that of the steel wires of the main cable, so that part of load of the main cable is transmitted to the bridge towers through the rigid pull rods, the bridge towers generate additional bending stress, and the stress balance of the whole system is influenced; the rigid pull rod has poor fatigue performance, is easy to generate fatigue fracture failure under the action of alternating load, and cannot achieve the anti-slip effect; meanwhile, the anti-sliding device still cannot solve the sliding problem of the main cable and the cable saddle.
The prior art discloses a combination cable clamp, adds an anti-skidding cable clamp again in the cable clamp upper end of installation hoist cable to adopt connection structure to connect two cable clamps into an organic wholely, through the synergistic effect of hoist cable clamp and anti-skidding cable clamp, satisfy the anti-skidding performance between main cable and the cable clamp. However, this method also has disadvantages: an anti-skid rope clip and a connecting structure are additionally added, and a certain installation distance is needed between the sling rope clip and the anti-skid rope clip, so that the problem of insufficient installation space exists in the practical application process, and the method cannot be implemented and has a certain limitation; after the anti-skid cable clamps are additionally arranged, the local rigidity of the main cable is increased, so that the stress deformation of the main cable can be influenced, and the stress state is changed; meanwhile, the method still cannot solve the problem of slippage of the main cable and the cable saddle.
The information disclosed in the background section above is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the utility model and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of utility model
To above not enough, this patent development prestressing force main cable anti-skidding device through setting up flexible anti-skidding cable, connects cable clamp and cable saddle into an organic whole to apply certain prestressing force to anti-skidding cable, make main cable, cable saddle and cable clamp form a system of having prestressing force. When the sliding force of the cable clamp is overlarge, the main cable anti-sliding device provides an upward prestress for the cable clamp, so that the anti-sliding performance between the main cable and the cable clamp is improved; when a limit unbalanced load exists on one side of the bridge tower saddle, the main cable anti-slip device can self-balance to provide a prestress opposite to the slip direction for the main cable, so that the main cable is prevented from slipping relatively in the saddle groove of the saddle; meanwhile, the stress characteristics are converted and self-adaptively balanced in the system, so that additional loads can not be caused to other components such as the bridge tower, the stiffening beam and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
The prestress main cable anti-sliding device comprises a main cable and cable saddles used for installing the main cable, wherein cable clips are arranged on the main cable at two sides of the cable saddles, anti-sliding connecting lug plates are arranged on the cable clips, and anchoring connecting pieces are arranged on the cable saddles; an anti-slip cable is arranged between the cable saddle and the cable clamp, the anti-slip cable is a flexible cable, one end of the flexible cable is hinged with the anti-slip connecting lug plate through a pin shaft, and the other end of the flexible cable is anchored on the anchoring connecting piece in a mode of applying certain prestress.
Specifically, the cable clamp comprises an upper cable clamp body and a lower cable clamp body, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the upper cable clamp body and the lower cable clamp body are respectively provided with an anti-slip connecting lug plate and a sling connecting lug plate; the anti-slip connecting lug plate and the sling connecting lug plate are respectively provided with an upper cable clamp body and opposite axial two ends of a lower cable clamp body, wherein the anti-slip connecting lug plate is arranged at one end of the upper cable clamp body close to the cable saddle, and the sling connecting lug plate is arranged at one end of the lower cable clamp body far away from the cable saddle.
Specifically, the quantity of anti-skidding connection otic placodes sets up to two at least, and is the setting of certain contained angle between two at least skidding connection otic placodes.
Specifically, the anchor connecting piece is including setting up in the support at cable saddle top respectively to and connect the anchor roof beam between two supports, the anchor roof beam passes through the bolt to be connected with the support, is provided with the anchor hole that can pass anti-skidding cable on the anchor roof beam.
Specifically, the prestress applied by the anti-slip cable is between 0.1 and 0.3 times of the breaking force of the large anti-slip cable and is smaller than the maximum static friction force between the cable clamp and the main cable.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1. The main cable anti-slip device is hinged with the cable clamp through a flexible anti-slip cable, one end of the main cable anti-slip device is connected with the cable clamp in a hinged mode, prestress is applied to one end of the main cable anti-slip cable to be anchored to the cable saddle, the cable clamp and the anti-slip cable on two sides of the main cable, the cable saddle and the bridge tower are connected to form a cable system with prestress, and when the cable clamp has overlarge sliding force or the bridge tower cable saddle side has extreme unbalanced load, the stress characteristic of the cable system can be converted and self-adaptively balanced in the cable system, and additional loads cannot be caused to other components such as the bridge tower and a stiffening beam.
2. The main cable anti-sliding device is provided with internal prestress, and provides an upward pulling force for the cable clamps on the two sides of the bridge tower along the main cable, wherein the pulling force is opposite to the sliding direction of the cable clamps, and when the cable clamps have a sliding trend, the pulling force can counteract part of the sliding force of the cable clamps to form a self-adaptive balance system, so that the anti-sliding safety of the main cable and the cable clamps is improved;
3. when a limit unbalanced load exists on one side of the bridge tower and the static friction force between the main cable and the saddle groove cannot meet the anti-slip requirement, the main cable anti-slip device can provide a prestress opposite to the slip direction for the main cable in a self-balancing manner, so that the main cable is prevented from relatively slipping in the saddle groove of the cable saddle to cause the linear and stressed state change of the main cable;
4. The main cable anti-sliding device adopts the flexible inhaul cable, can follow the main cable and generate synchronous deformation due to stress, can not generate additional stress, only bears the sliding force of the cable clamp and the unbalanced force on two sides of the cable saddle, and improves the anti-sliding performance and stability of the main cable anti-sliding device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prestressed main cable anti-slip device for a bridge according to the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of the prestressed main cable anti-slip device at a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the cable saddle of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is a side view of the cable saddle of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an anchor beam according to the present utility model.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of another embodiment of an anchor beam of the present utility model.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the anti-slip cable of the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is a front view of the cord clip of the present utility model.
Fig. 9 is a side view of one embodiment of the cord clip of the present utility model.
Fig. 10 is a side view of another embodiment of the cord clip of the present utility model.
In the figure, 1-main cable; 2-cable saddle; 21-a support; 22-anchor beams; 221-an anchoring hole; 222-mounting holes; 23-saddle grooves; 3-anti-slip inhaul cables; 31-rope body; 32-an anchor; 33-nut; 34-a fork ear assembly; 341-a pin shaft; 4-cable clips; 41-sling connection ear plates; 42-anti-slip connection lugs; 421-pin holes; 43-bolt pair.
Detailed Description
To describe the technical contents, the achieved objects and effects of the present utility model in detail, the following description is made with reference to the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the description of the present embodiment, it should be understood that terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present embodiment and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
The embodiment discloses a prestressed main cable anti-slip device which is mainly applied to a middle tower position of a bridge of an illustration 1, and particularly as shown in fig. 2, mainly comprises a main cable 1, a cable saddle 2, an anti-slip cable 3 and a cable clamp 4. The main cable is arranged in the saddle groove of the cable saddle, anti-slip cables are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the bridge tower cable saddle, the cable saddle and cable clamps on two sides of the bridge tower are respectively connected into a whole, and a certain prestress is applied to the anti-slip cables, so that a cable system with prestress is formed.
Specifically, referring to the saddle 2 shown in fig. 3 to 4, the saddle 2 is provided with a saddle groove 23 for installing a strand, and the main cable is restrained in the saddle groove by a static friction force between the strand wire and the saddle groove; the cable saddle 2 is symmetrically provided with a support 21 and an anchor beam 22, the support 21 is positioned above the saddle groove, and a threaded hole 211 is arranged for installing and positioning the anchor beam 22, and the installation surface is perpendicular to the central line of the anti-slip cable. The anchor beam 22 is provided with a mounting hole 222 which is fixedly connected with the support 21 through a bolt; as shown in fig. 5 to 6, the anchor beam 22 is provided with anchor holes 221 which can pass through the anti-slip cables, and the number of the anchor holes is 1 or 2 or more according to the number of the anti-slip cables, for installing the anti-slip cables 3 and transmitting the prestress applied by the anti-slip cables to the saddle.
Specifically, referring to the cable clamp 4 shown in fig. 8-10, the cable clamp 4 is of a two-half cable clamp structure, and a static friction force is generated between the main cable steel wire and the inner wall of the cable clamp by fastening the bolt pair 43, so that the cable clamp is clamped on the main cable 1 to provide anti-slip force for the sling; the cable clamp is provided with a sling connecting lug plate 41 for installing a sling, and the main cable and the stiffening girder are connected into a whole through the sling and the cable clamp to transfer the load of the stiffening girder to the main cable; the anti-slip connection lug plates 42 for connecting the anti-slip cables are arranged above the cable clamps 4, as shown in fig. 9-10, the number of the anti-slip connection lug plates 42 is 1 or 2 or more according to the number of the anti-slip cables; the anti-slip connecting lug plate 42 is provided with pin shaft holes 421, and the number of the pin shaft holes can be 1 or 2 or more; the anti-slip attachment lugs 42 are used to mount the anchor anti-slip cable 3 and to transfer the prestress applied by the anti-slip cable to the cable grip.
The anti-slip cable 3 as shown in fig. 7, one end of which is mounted in cooperation with the pin hole 421 of the cable clip connecting lug plate through the pin 341 of the fork lug assembly 34, so that the anti-slip cable 3 is mounted and anchored with the cable clip, and the other end passes through the anchor beam anchoring hole 221 of the cable saddle, is mounted and anchored on the anchor beam 22 of the cable saddle, and transmits the applied prestress to the cable saddle; the anti-slip inhaul cable 3 is a flexible inhaul cable, and the rope body 31 can be a steel wire finished rope, a steel stranded wire rope or a steel wire rope; one end of the anti-slip cable 3 is provided with a fork lug assembly 34 which is in pin joint with a cable clamp connecting lug plate 42, and the other end is provided with an anchor 32 and a nut 33, so that the anti-slip cable 3 can be anchored on a cable clamp and a cable saddle, and the application of prestress and the adjustment of length can be performed.
The main cable anti-sliding device in the embodiment is characterized in that one end of the main cable is hinged with a cable clamp through a plurality of anti-sliding cables 3, the other end of the main cable is applied with prestress and anchored on a cable saddle, and a certain prestress is applied to the anti-sliding cables 3, so that the main cable 1, the cable saddle 2 and the cable clamp 4 symmetrically arranged on two sides of a bridge tower form a cable system with prestress, and the following effects are achieved: the method comprises the following steps: because the main cable anti-sliding device has internal prestress, an upward anti-sliding force is provided for the cable clamp, and relative sliding between the main cable and the cable clamp due to overlarge sliding force of the sling can be avoided, so that the anti-sliding safety of the cable clamp is improved; and two,: when a limit unbalanced load exists on one side of the bridge tower and the static friction force between the main cable and the saddle groove of the cable saddle cannot meet the anti-slip requirement, the main cable anti-slip device can provide a prestress opposite to the slip direction for the main cable in a self-balancing manner, so that the change of the line shape and the stress state of the main cable caused by the relative slip of the main cable in the saddle groove of the cable saddle is avoided; and thirdly,: the anti-slip inhaul cable of the main cable anti-slip device adopts a flexible inhaul cable, has elastic modulus and elongation similar to those of the main cable, and can also deform along with the main cable when the main cable is stressed to deform, so that no additional stress is generated, and only the sliding force of the cable clamp and the unbalanced force on the two sides of the cable saddle are born; fourth, it is: the main cable anti-slip device enables the main cable, the cable saddle and cable clamps on two sides of the bridge tower to form a cable system with prestress, the stress characteristic of the cable system can be converted and self-adaptively balanced in the cable system, and no extra load is caused to other components such as the bridge tower, the stiffening beam and the like. The object of the present embodiment is achieved.
The construction method of the main cable anti-slip device of the embodiment comprises the following implementation steps:
1. Manufacturing a main cable, a cable saddle, a cable clamp and an anti-skid inhaul cable in a factory;
2. The cable saddle is arranged on the bridge tower, main cable strands are sequentially arranged, and cable tightening construction is carried out after the main cable strands are arranged;
3. According to the installation positions of the cable clamps, the cable clamps are sequentially installed, and fastening of the bolt pairs is performed;
4. The upper end of the sling is connected with the lug plate of the cable clamp, and the lower end of the sling is connected with the anchoring structure of the stiffening girder and performs system conversion according to requirements;
5. One end of the anti-slip inhaul cable is in pin joint with a connecting lug plate of the rope clip through a fork lug assembly; the other end passes through an anchor beam anchoring hole of the cable saddle connecting structure, and a nut is arranged to anchor the anchor beam of the cable saddle; repeating the step 5, and installing other anti-slip inhaul cables;
6. Tensioning equipment for installing an anti-slip inhaul cable;
7. The cable force tensioning is carried out on the anti-slip cable, a certain prestress is applied to the anti-slip cable, the specific applied prestress value is 0.1-0.3 times of the breaking force of the anti-slip cable and is smaller than the maximum static friction force between the cable clamp and the main cable, the cable saddle, the anti-slip cable and the cable clamps on two sides of the bridge tower are connected to form a cable system with prestress inside.
While the utility model has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model and are intended to be within the scope of the utility model as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a prestressing force main cable anti-skidding device, includes the main cable to and be used for installing the cable saddle of main cable, be located all be provided with the cable clamp on the main cable of cable saddle both sides, its characterized in that:
An anti-slip connecting lug plate is arranged on the cable clamp, and an anchoring connecting piece is arranged on the cable saddle;
An anti-slip cable is arranged between the cable saddle and the cable clamp, the anti-slip cable is a flexible cable, one end of the flexible cable is hinged with the anti-slip connecting lug plate through a pin shaft, and the other end of the flexible cable is anchored on the anchoring connecting piece in a mode of applying certain prestress.
2. The prestressed main cable anti-sliding device according to claim 1, wherein the cable clamp comprises an upper cable clamp body and a lower cable clamp body, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the upper cable clamp body and the lower cable clamp body are respectively provided with the anti-sliding connection lug plate and the sling connection lug plate; the anti-slip connecting lug plate and the sling connecting lug plate are respectively provided with an upper cable clamp body and opposite axial two ends of a lower cable clamp body, wherein the anti-slip connecting lug plate is arranged at one end of the upper cable clamp body close to the cable saddle, and the sling connecting lug plate is arranged at one end of the lower cable clamp body far away from the cable saddle.
3. The prestressed main cable anti-slip device according to claim 1, wherein the number of the anti-slip connection lugs is at least two, and at least two slip connection lugs are arranged at an included angle.
4. The prestressed main cable anti-slip device according to claim 1, wherein the anchor connecting piece comprises supports respectively arranged at the tops of the cable saddles and anchor beams connected between the two supports, the anchor beams are connected with the supports through bolts, and anchor holes capable of penetrating through the anti-slip cables are formed in the anchor beams.
5. The prestressed main cable anti-slip device according to claim 1, wherein the prestress applied by the anti-slip cable is between 0.1 and 0.3 times of the breaking force of the anti-slip cable and is smaller than the maximum static friction force between the cable clamp and the main cable.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202323086018.1U CN221320660U (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Prestressed main cable anti-slip device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202323086018.1U CN221320660U (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Prestressed main cable anti-slip device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN221320660U true CN221320660U (en) | 2024-07-12 |
Family
ID=91801046
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202323086018.1U Active CN221320660U (en) | 2023-11-15 | 2023-11-15 | Prestressed main cable anti-slip device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN221320660U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-11-15 CN CN202323086018.1U patent/CN221320660U/en active Active
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN113454306A (en) | Integral lifting construction method and device for arch structure | |
CN101831871B (en) | Adjustable wind cable and installing method thereof | |
CN114562027B (en) | Anti-slip cable clamp node structure and construction method | |
CN112376916A (en) | Prestressed steel cable tensioning and tightening device and construction method | |
CN221320660U (en) | Prestressed main cable anti-slip device | |
CN221320659U (en) | Cable clamp anti-slip device | |
CN110878517B (en) | Connecting structure, fixing structure, new main cable system and construction method for replacing main cable of suspension bridge | |
JP4929785B2 (en) | Elevator control cable device | |
CN209817203U (en) | Outward-inclined type point-connection full-glass curtain wall inhaul cable fixing device | |
CN115680313B (en) | Intelligent replacement and cable force monitoring device for fork-type guy cable of string truss structure | |
CN117513156A (en) | Main cable anti-slip device applying prestress and anti-slip method thereof | |
CN107359577A (en) | A kind of suspension assembly of wire | |
CN217006730U (en) | Anti bearing capacity test system that slides of cable and cable clamp built-up member buckle | |
CN114934441A (en) | Anti-slip temporary sling cable clamp structure | |
CN111305033B (en) | Connecting structure, fixing structure, new main cable system and construction method for replacing main cable of suspension bridge | |
JP3412367B2 (en) | Elevator control cable device | |
CN212412722U (en) | Pre-twisted anti-slip wire clamp for bolt damper | |
CN205610165U (en) | Suspension group of wire | |
CN101457516B (en) | Multilayer horizontal stay fixing method | |
CN214573403U (en) | Suspension bridge main push-towing rope strand hoist device | |
CN216040688U (en) | Vertical connecting device for multiple main cables of suspension bridge | |
CN110820524B (en) | Connecting structure, fixing structure, new main cable system and construction method for replacing main cable of suspension bridge | |
CN108910658B (en) | Tension self-balancing device for elevator hoisting rope | |
CN215950258U (en) | Multifunctional steel cable mounting clamp | |
CN219262598U (en) | Safe lifting and fixing device for conductive rail of wind power tower barrel |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |