CN221281742U - Four-string Huqin and its code - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a string bridge of a four-string huqin and the four-string huqin, wherein the string bridge comprises a string supporting part and a single-column string foot connected with the string supporting part, the top surface of the string supporting part is an arc-shaped surface, and the single-column string foot is suitable for being connected with a vibration surface on a string drum of the huqin. Adopt single-column musical instrument foot to link to each other with a musical instrument section of thick bamboo, compare the musical instrument foot that adopts the violin and the vibration face of musical instrument section of thick bamboo link to each other, under the certain circumstances of vibration face area, through reducing the connection area of single-column musical instrument foot and vibration face, can increase vibration sound production area, finally can guarantee the sound production loudness of four strings of violin.

Description

Four-string Huqin and its code

The present application claims priority from chinese patent application CN2023207158097 filed on day 28 of 3 in 2023.

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of urheens, in particular to a four-string urheen and a urheen code.

Background

Huqin starts from Tang dynasty of China, has a history of over a thousand years, and is called as "Saxifraga" as the earliest originating from minority nationality in northern areas of China. By the generation, the mr Liu Tianhua borrows the design of the violin, the strings of the violin are divided into five positions, and the technique of kneading the strings is introduced, so that the gamut of the violin is expanded, the expressive force and the infectious force are enriched, and the artistic effect of Hu Qinxin is given. After the new Chinese is established, folk artist Hua Yanjun listens very dynamically with the tracks of the urheen playing "two spring Yingyue" and the like, and the urheen starts to draw attention. Whereas violins originated in europe, by the eighteenth century, violins have been standardized, and electroacoustic violins have appeared in 1938. The violin has bright and soft tone quality, has great expressive force and is deeply favored by people. Later, violin is derived from violin, and the perfect achievement of the string instrument is achieved by the symphony band, namely the symphony music. The Huqin has limited expressive force due to the defect of narrow range in structure.

In order to expand the gamut of the Huqin and improve the expressive force of the Huqin, four-string Huqin begins to appear, but the existing four-string Huqin has a violin code, but the violin code has a good violin effect, because the advanced sound box has a large area and is in an upper layer and a lower layer. The sound box area of the Huqin is small, the diameter is about 10cm, if the four-string Huqin adopts the violin code, the vibration sound area is small because the violin code occupies too much vibration surface area, and finally the sound of the Huqin is small.

In view of this, it is necessary to design a new four-string Huqin and its code.

Disclosure of utility model

Therefore, the utility model aims to solve the technical problems that the four-string Huqin adopts the violin code, the violin code occupies excessive vibration surface area, the vibration sound production area is small, and finally the sound of the Huqin is small, so that the four-string Huqin and the violin code are provided.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

the string support comprises a string support part and a single-column string leg connected with the string support part, wherein the top surface of the string support part is an arc-shaped surface, and the single-column string leg is suitable for being connected with a vibration surface on a string drum.

According to the four-string Huqin, the bridge of the Huqin is combined with the bridge of the violin and the bridge of the Huqin, and the single-column bridge is connected with the drum.

A four-string Huqin comprises a string tube, a string rod fixedly connected with the string tube, a string code of the four-string Huqin, four strings supported and limited by the string code, hu Qingong and a violin bow.

Further, the four-string Huqin is a high-pitch Huqin; the string supporting section has a width of 52mm, a height of 10mm, the single-pillar foot has a height of 10mm, a diameter of 15mm, and/or the arch bar of Hu Qingong has a depth of 20mm.

Further, the center of the top surface of the single-post foot is shifted rightward by 2mm with respect to the center of the bottom surface of the string supporting portion in the width direction of the string supporting portion, as viewed from the bottom to the top of the high-pitch huqin.

Further, the musical instrument comprises a musical instrument support, wherein the musical instrument support is fixed at the bottom of the musical instrument barrel.

Further, the violin type music instrument further comprises a chin rest, a hanging column and a hanging strip, wherein the chin rest and the violin code are located on the same side of the violin rest, the hanging column is fixed on the other side of the violin rest, the hanging column is arranged opposite to the chin rest, when the four strings Hu Qinshi are played in a violin playing mode, the hanging strip is suitable for being hung on the neck of a player, and the hanging column is hung on the hanging strip.

Further, the four-string Huqin is a bass Huqin or a huqin, the string supporting portion is 65mm wide and 25mm high, the single-column leg includes a first section and a second section connected to each other, the first section is 75mm high and 30mm in diameter, the second section is 10mm high and 40mm in diameter, and/or the huqin and the bass Huqin have bow and pull depths of 40mm and 60mm, respectively.

Further, the four-string Huqin also comprises supporting feet fixed at the bottom of the drum.

Further, the string dividing device also comprises a fingerboard, wherein the fingerboard is fixed on the string rod, and a string dividing groove is formed in the fingerboard and used for dividing four strings.

Further, when the four-string Huqin is a high-pitch Huqin, the length of the fingerboard is 280mm, the diameter of the barrel is 100mm, the distance between the bottom end of the fingerboard and the center line of the code is 100mm, and/or when the four-string Huqin is Hu Qinshi, the fingerboard is 600mm long, the diameter of the barrel is 500mm, the distance between the bottom end of the fingerboard and the center line of the code is 300mm, and/or when the four-string Huqin is a low-pitch Huqin, the barrel is oval, the short axis of the oval is 700mm, and the distance between the bottom end of the fingerboard and the center line of the code is 400mm.

The technical scheme of the utility model has the following advantages:

The four-string Huqin provided by the utility model has all the advantages of the four-string Huqin.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a construction of a violin of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a bridge in the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a gamut diagram of a performance of the high-pitch urheen of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a partial left side view of the violin of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a harness of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of Hu Qingong in the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a Huqin of the present utility model;

fig. 8 is a gamut diagram of a performance of the violin of the present utility model;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the bass huqin of the present utility model;

Fig. 10 is a gamut diagram of a bass urheen performance in the present utility model;

Fig. 11 is a front view of a code of a violin and a bass violin of the present utility model.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. A musical instrument barrel; 12. a musical instrument support; 13. supporting feet; 2. a musical instrument code; 21. string support; 22. single column musical instrument feet; 3. a chord; 4. a piano stem; 51. a fingerboard; 52. tuning the chord axis; 6. a chin rest; 71. hanging a column; 72. a hanging belt; 9. hu Qingong; 91. the bow is deep.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the utility model are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present utility model described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment provides a high-pitched huqin, the playable gamut of which is shown in fig. 3, comprising a barrel 1, a stick 4 connected to the barrel 1, a fingerboard 51 provided on the stick 4, a tuning pin 52, a bridge 12, a bridge 2 fixed to the middle of the vibration surface of the barrel 1, four strings 3, a bail stick (not shown), hu Qingong, and a chin-rest 6 provided on one side of the bridge 12. The chin rest 6 is located on the same side of the bridge 12 as the bridge 2. The fingerboard 51 is provided with a chord dividing groove (not shown). The arrangement of the support 12 facilitates playing by placing Gao Yinhu musical instrument on the legs. The diameter of the musical instrument barrel 1 is 100mm, the length of the fingerboard 51 is 280mm, and the distance from the bottom end of the fingerboard 51 to the center line of the musical instrument code 2 is 100mm.

Since the violin can be played in the form of violin, the violin bow and the urheen bow 9 are standard components of the violin, and the bow tie depth 91 of the urheen bow 9 is 20mm

The bridge 2 is made of hard wood, and the hard wood has fine wood, high specific gravity and high grease. The bridge 2 is fixed in the middle of the vibration surface of the drum 1. The bridge 2 includes a string supporting portion 21, and a single-column foot 22 connected to the string supporting portion 21. The top surface of the string supporting section 21 is an arc-shaped surface. The single-column leg 22 is connected with the vibration surface on the barrel 1. The string-supporting portion 21 has a width (width direction is indicated by solid arrow in fig. 2) of 52mm and a height (height direction is indicated by broken arrow in fig. 2) of 10mm. The string supporting section 21 conforms to the upper shape of the code 2 of the violin. The single-column pin 22 is cylindrical, has a height (the direction of the arrow of the broken line in fig. 2) of 10mm and a diameter of 15mm.

The four strings 3 are G strings, D strings, A strings and E strings which are sequentially arranged along the arc surface and limited by the arc surface. The bridge 2 is understood as a balance, and both sides bear downward pressure of two strings, respectively, because the pressure of the E string and the a string to the bridge is greater than the pressure of the G string and the D string to the bridge, the center of the single-post bridge 22 is shifted to the right by 2mm with respect to the center of the string supporting portion 21 in the width direction of the string supporting portion 21 as seen from the bottom to the top of the huqin, so that the external force applied to the bridge 2 by the E string and the a string on one side can be balanced with the external force applied to the bridge 2 by the D string and the G string on the other side.

The violin in of the present embodiment further includes a hanging post 71 and a hanging strap 72. As shown in fig. 4, the hanging post 71 is fixed on the other side of the support 12, the hanging post 71 is 100mm long, the tail end of the hanging post 71 is bifurcated, the hanging post 71 is opposite to the chin rest 6, when a violin is played, the hanging strap 72 is hung on the neck of a player, and the bifurcated tail end of the hanging post 71 is clamped on the hanging strap 72, so that the hanging strap 72 can apply upward force to the hanging post 71 to enable the chin rest 6 to lean against the player, and further the player only needs to press the chin rest 6 with small force, thereby avoiding discomfort caused by pressing the chin rest 6 by a beginner due to the warp of the neck and discomfort caused by pressing the chin rest 6 with force for a long time. The length of the sling 72 is adjustable to accommodate different players.

There are two modes of playing the high-pitch urheen:

one is the performance mode of the urheen, the bow hair of the urheen bow 9 passes through the gap between the D string and the A string, the performance is carried out according to the performance mode of the urheen, hu Qingong is only matched with the G string and the D string to carry out the performance, and the other two strings are usually played in the form of finger plucking;

The other is to play in a violin manner, specifically, a hanging strip 72 is hung on the neck of a player, a high-pitched violin is left-handed to be horizontal, a hanging post 71 is placed on the hanging strip 72, a chin rest 6 is pressed by a chin or a cheek, a violin bow is right-handed, and a finger plate 51 is left-handed to play in a violin playing manner.

As shown in fig. 7 to 11, the above-described code for a high-pitched huqin is also applicable to a low-pitched huqin and a large huqin (a large huqin is different from a medium-pitched four-string huqin). The manufacturing process of the string 2 of the bass Huqin and the Dahuqin is the same as that of the string 2 of the treble Huqin, except that the pronunciation frequency is different. The bridge 2 of the bass huqin and the large huqin is compared with the bridge 2 of the high huqin, the area ratio of the vibrating surface on the bridge 1 of the bass huqin and the large huqin is enlarged, the top of the bridge still keeps the appearance of the bridge 2 of the bass huqin and the large huqin, the single column bridge 22 of the bass huqin and the large huqin is compared with the single column bridge 22 of the high huqin, and the diameter of the bridge is enlarged according to the area ratio of the vibrating surface. The barrels of the bass Huqin and the Dahuqin are also correspondingly larger in size than those of the high-quality Huqin. Specifically, the string supporting section 21 of the code 2 of the bass hu or the grand hu piano has a width of 65mm and a height of 25mm, and the single-column foot 22 includes a first section 221 and a second section 222 connected to each other, the first section 221 having a height of 75mm and a diameter of 30mm, and the second section 222 having a height of 10mm and a diameter of 40mm. In addition, the bowden depths of the urheen bows 9 of the grand urheen and the bass urheen are 40mm and 60mm, respectively. Furthermore, when the four-string Huqin is Hu Qinshi, the diameter of the barrel 1 is 500mm, the height of the fingerboard 51 is 600mm, the distance between the bottom end of the fingerboard 51 and the center line of the code 2 is 300mm, when the four-string Huqin is a bass Huqin, the barrel 1 is elliptical, the minor axis of the ellipse is 700mm, the height of the fingerboard 51 is 600mm, and the distance between the bottom end of the fingerboard 51 and the center line of the code 2 is 400mm. For bass urheen and grand urheen, the base of the cartridge 1 needs to be provided with the feet 13 because of its large size, which is not easy to play on the legs. The ranges that can be played by the violin and the bass violin are shown in fig. 8 and 10, respectively.

The bridge 2 of the four-string Huqin provided in the embodiment can enable the four-string Huqin to be a high-pitch Huqin, a large Huqin and a low-pitch Huqin through the adjustment of the size of the bridge and the adjustment of the area of the vibration surface of the drum 1, so that the playing sound effect of the four-string Huqin is enriched. The bass string instrument is an important component of the string configuration, is an indispensable band like the Gao Yinla string instrument, but because of the lack of the bass string instrument, particularly the national string instrument, the bass string instrument can be replaced by a western violin when the national string instrument is played, the aesthetic feeling of the national string instrument cannot be revealed, the string instrument is unqualified, and the string instrument and the bass string instrument exactly compensate the defect, so that the construction of the national string instrument is facilitated.

The string 2 of the high-pitch Hu-organ, the Dahu-organ and the low-pitch Hu-organ combines the string of the violin and the string of the Hu-organ, adopts the single-column string of the violin legs 22 to be connected with the drum 1, reduces the connection area between the single-column string of the violin legs 22 and the vibration surface compared with the string of the violin legs connected with the vibration surface of the drum 1, increases the vibration sounding area, and further can ensure the sounding loudness of the high-pitch Hu-organ.

In addition, since the top surface of the string supporting section 21 is an arc surface on which four strings 3 are distributed, strings are less likely to be shifted when played in a violin manner.

It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The string bridge of the four-string Huqin is characterized in that the string bridge (2) comprises a string supporting part (21) and a single-column string foot (22) connected with the string supporting part (21), the top surface of the string supporting part (21) is an arc-shaped surface, and the single-column string foot (22) is suitable for being arranged on the vibration surface of a string drum (1).

2. The four-string Huqin is characterized by comprising a musical instrument barrel (1), a musical instrument rod (4) fixedly connected with the musical instrument barrel (1), a musical instrument code of the four-string Huqin, four strings (3) supported and limited by the musical instrument code (2), a Huqin bow (9) and a violin bow.

3. The four-string Huqin according to claim 2, wherein said four-string Huqin is a high-pitched Huqin; the string supporting section (21) has a width of 52mm and a height of 10mm, the single-column foot (22) has a height of 10mm and a diameter of 15mm, and/or the bowden portion (91) of the Huqin bow (9) has a bow-tie depth of 20mm.

4. A four-stringed huqin according to claim 3, wherein the center of the top surface of the single-post leg (22) is offset to the right 2mm with respect to the center of the bottom surface of the string supporting portion (21) in the width direction of the string supporting portion (21) as viewed from the bottom to the top of the high-pitched huqin.

5. A four-stringed huqin according to claim 3, further comprising a saddle (12), the saddle (12) being fixed to the bottom of the barrel (1).

6. The four-stringed huqin according to claim 5, further comprising a chin-rest (6), a hanging post (71) and a hanging strip (72), wherein the chin-rest (6) and the bridge (2) are located on the same side of the saddle (12), the hanging post (71) is fixed on the other side of the saddle (12), the hanging post (71) is disposed opposite to the chin-rest (6), the hanging strip (72) is adapted to be hung on the neck of a player when the four-stringed Hu Qinshi is played in a violin manner, and the hanging post (71) is hung on the hanging strip (72).

7. Four-string huqin according to claim 2, characterized in that the four-string huqin is a bass huqin or a huqin, the string support (21) being 65mm wide and 25mm high, the single-post foot (22) comprising a first section (221) and a second section (222) connected, the first section (221) being 75mm high and 30mm in diameter, the second section (222) being 10mm high and 40mm in diameter, and/or the huqin and the bass huqin being 40mm and 60mm in the bow depth (91) of the huqin bow (9), respectively.

8. Four-stringed huqin according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a foot (13) fixed to the bottom of the cartridge (1).

9. The four-stringed huqin according to claim 2, further comprising a fingerboard (51), wherein the fingerboard (51) is fixed on the stick (4), and a string dividing groove is formed on the fingerboard (51) for dividing four strings (3).

10. Four-string huqin according to claim 9, characterized in that the length of the fingerboard (51) is 280mm, the diameter of the cartridge (1) is 100mm, the distance of the bottom end of the fingerboard (51) from the centre line of the code (2) is 100mm, and/or that the length of the fingerboard (51) is 600mm, the diameter of the cartridge (1) is 500mm, the distance of the bottom end of the fingerboard (51) from the centre line of the code (2) is 300mm, and/or that the cartridge (1) is oval, the distance of the bottom end of the fingerboard (51) from the centre line of the code (2) is 400mm, when the four-string huqin is a bass huqin.