CN221120514U - Switching valve, hydraulic system and working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of working machines, and discloses a switching valve, a hydraulic system and a working machine, wherein the switching valve comprises: the valve body is provided with a valve cavity penetrating through the valve body along the length direction of the valve body and a plurality of oil channels penetrating through the valve body at intervals along the width direction of the valve body; each oil duct is communicated with the valve cavity and forms two opposite oil ports on two opposite sides of the valve body; the valve core is rotatably arranged in the valve cavity and is provided with through holes corresponding to the oil channels one by one and a plurality of oil grooves which are spirally arranged along the surfaces of the through holes and axially extend; the valve core has a first state and a second state, in the first state, the valve core rotates to the two ends of each through hole to be respectively communicated with two opposite oil ports, and in the second state, the valve core rotates to the two ends of each oil groove to be respectively communicated with two oil ports of different oil channels. According to the utility model, the valve core is only required to be rotated, so that the through holes or the oil grooves of the valve core are respectively communicated with the oil ports of different oil channels, the switching between the different oil ports and the oil channels can be realized, the operation space is small, and the application range is wide.

Description

Switching valve, hydraulic system and working machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of working machines, in particular to a switching valve, a hydraulic system and a working machine.

Background

Work machines are typically driven by a hydraulic system. The hydraulic system mainly controls hydraulic oil in the oil duct through the on-off of the pilot valve, and further realizes the starting and stopping of the operation machinery. Each action of the working machine needs to be provided with an independent oil duct and a pilot valve by a hydraulic system, for example, left turning action and right turning action of the working machine are realized by respectively controlling hydraulic oil of the two oil ducts by the left pilot valve and the right pilot valve.

In order to simplify the structure of the hydraulic system, the hydraulic system of the existing working machine adopts a double-channel switching valve, and partial functional exchange of different pilot valves is realized in a sliding mode. The disadvantage of this structure is that: the pilot valve for switching different functions in a sliding mode has larger operation space and cannot meet the working requirement of the working machine with smaller operation space, so that the application range is smaller.

Disclosure of utility model

In view of the above, the present utility model provides a switching valve, a hydraulic system and a working machine, so as to solve the problem that the existing switching valve has a large operation space, resulting in a smaller application range.

In a first aspect, the present utility model provides a switching valve comprising:

The valve body is provided with a valve cavity penetrating through the valve body along the length direction of the valve body and a plurality of oil channels penetrating through the valve body at intervals along the width direction of the valve body; each oil duct is communicated with the valve cavity and forms two opposite oil ports on two opposite sides of the valve body;

the valve core is rotatably arranged in the valve cavity and is provided with through holes corresponding to the oil channels one by one and a plurality of oil grooves which are spirally arranged along the surfaces of the through holes and axially extend;

the valve core has a first state and a second state, in the first state, the valve core rotates to the two ends of each through hole to be respectively communicated with two opposite oil ports, in the second state, the valve core rotates to the two ends of each oil groove, and the valve core is respectively communicated with two oil ports of different oil channels.

The beneficial effects are that: according to the utility model, the valve core is only required to be rotated to be in the first state and the second state respectively, so that the complete switching of the pilot valve connecting oil duct at the oil port can be realized, the operation space is small, the application range is wide, the operation is simple, and the use is convenient.

In an alternative embodiment, the plurality of oil grooves includes at least one first oil groove and at least one second oil groove, the first oil groove extends spirally along a first direction, the second oil groove extends spirally along a second direction, the first direction is a connecting line direction of circle centers of two oil ports of the diagonal angle, and the second direction is a connecting line direction of circle centers of two oil ports of the other diagonal angle;

In the second state, two ends of each first oil groove are respectively communicated with two oil ports in the first direction; two ends of each second oil groove are respectively communicated with two oil ports in the second direction.

The beneficial effects are that: through first oil groove along first direction spiral extension and second oil groove along second direction spiral extension, with different hydraulic fluid ports and oil duct interconnect, form the correspondence of different oil duct and hydraulic fluid port with the through-hole, realize two kinds of connected modes of hydraulic fluid port and oil duct, simple structure.

In an alternative embodiment, the plurality of oil grooves includes a first oil groove and a plurality of second oil grooves; in the second state, two ends of the first oil groove are respectively communicated with two oil ports which are positioned at two ends of the valve body and are diagonally opposite, and two ends of the plurality of second oil grooves are respectively communicated with two oil ports which are adjacent to each other and diagonally opposite.

The beneficial effects are that: in the second state, the two ends of the first oil groove are respectively communicated with two oil ports which are positioned at the two ends of the valve body and are diagonally opposite, so that the communication between one pair of oil ports and the two oil channels is realized, the two ends of the plurality of second oil grooves are respectively communicated with the two oil ports which are adjacent to each other and diagonally opposite, and the communication between the other oil ports and the oil channels is realized, so that the use is convenient.

In an alternative embodiment, the first oil groove extends spirally along one side surface of the valve core; the second oil grooves extend spirally along the other side surface of the valve core and are arranged at intervals.

The beneficial effects are that: the first oil groove and the second oil groove are respectively positioned at two sides of the valve core, are mutually noninterfere, and are convenient to manufacture.

In an alternative embodiment, the plurality of oil channels form two rows along the axial direction of the valve core, two ends of each oil groove are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove, the centers of the arc-shaped grooves are respectively positioned on two straight lines, and the two straight lines are parallel to the axial line of the valve core.

The beneficial effects are that: the multiple oil channels form two rows of linear oil channels along the axis direction of the valve core, so that the processing is convenient; the two ends of each oil groove are respectively provided with an arc-shaped groove, so that lubricating oil flowing in from an access oil duct and lubricating oil flowing out from the oil groove to another oil duct are facilitated; the circle centers of the arc-shaped grooves are respectively positioned on two straight lines, the two straight lines are parallel to the axis of the valve core and correspond to the arrangement of the oil channels, and the oil channels are convenient to align with the oil channels simultaneously.

In an alternative embodiment, the valve further comprises an operating rod, wherein the operating rod is fixedly connected with one end of the valve core and is positioned outside the valve body.

The beneficial effects are that: the valve core is driven to rotate relative to the valve body by the control operation rod, so that the valve is convenient to use.

In an alternative embodiment, the valve body side provided with the operating rod is further provided with a first limit post and a second limit post which are arranged at intervals and used for limiting the rotation range of the operating rod so as to enable the valve core to be switched between a first state and a second state.

The beneficial effects are that: through setting up first spacing post and second spacing post, can restrict the action bars between first state and second state, make the action bars rotate in limited space only and can accomplish the switching of different oil ducts and hydraulic fluid ports, further reduced the operation space.

In an alternative embodiment, the valve further comprises a limiting rod, a first limiting hole and a second limiting hole are further formed in one side of the valve body, provided with the operating rod, and a through hole is formed in the operating rod; in the first state, the limit rod can pass through the through hole and be inserted into the first limit hole, and in the second state, the limit rod can pass through the through hole and be inserted into the second limit hole.

The beneficial effects are that: in the first state, the limiting rod can penetrate through the through hole and be inserted into the first limiting hole, so that the operating rod is fixed at the position where the first state is located, the valve core is prevented from being influenced by external environment to rotate or is prevented from being mistakenly touched to drive the valve core to rotate, dislocation of the through hole and the oil duct is avoided, and the working stability of the valve core is improved; likewise, in the second state, the limiting rod can penetrate through the through hole and be inserted into the second limiting hole, so that the operating rod is fixed at the position where the second state is located, dislocation of the oil groove and the oil duct is avoided, and the working stability of the valve core is further improved.

In a second aspect, the present utility model also provides a hydraulic system comprising:

at least one pair of pilot valves;

At least one pair of control valves;

at least one pair of actuators respectively communicated with the pair of control valves;

In the switching valve, each pair of pilot valves is respectively communicated with a plurality of oil ports on one side of the valve body, and each pair of control valves is respectively communicated with a plurality of oil ports on the other side of the valve body.

The beneficial effects are that: according to the hydraulic system, at least one pair of pilot valves and at least one pair of control valves are respectively communicated with a plurality of oil ports on two sides of the valve body, and different pilot valves and different control valves can be communicated with each other only by rotating the valve core, so that the pilot valves are communicated with different execution mechanisms, the complete exchange of the functions of the pilot valves is realized, the operation space for switching the functions of the pilot valves is small, the use is convenient, and the application range is wide.

In a third aspect, the present disclosure also provides a work machine including the above-described switching valve or the above-described hydraulic system.

The beneficial effects are that: because the working machine comprises the hydraulic system, the hydraulic system has the same effect as the hydraulic system, namely, the operation space of the switching valve can be reduced, the use is convenient, and the application range is wide.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 from another perspective;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a valve body of a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve core of a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 4 from another perspective;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of an operating lever of a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a hydraulic schematic of a switching valve according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 8 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a switching valve according to another embodiment of the present utility model

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydraulic system according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. A valve body; 101. a valve cavity; 102. an oil passage; 103. an oil port; 104. a first limiting hole; 105. a second limiting hole; 2. a valve core; 201. a through hole; 202. an oil groove; 2021. a first oil groove; 2022. a second oil groove; 203. a first card interface; 3. an operation lever; 301. a through hole; 302. a second card interface; 4. a first limit post; 5. the second limit column; 6. a limit rod; 7. a pilot valve; 8. a control valve; 9. an actuator.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The double-channel switching valve aims at solving the problems that the existing double-channel switching valve realizes partial function exchange of different pilot valves in a sliding mode, and the application range is small due to large operation space. According to the embodiment of the utility model, the valve core rotates relative to the valve body, so that the through hole of the valve core is respectively communicated with the oil ports of different oil channels in the first state and the oil groove of the valve core is respectively communicated with the oil ports of different oil channels in the second state, the switching between the different oil channels and the oil ports is realized, the operation space is small, and the application range is increased.

An embodiment of the present utility model is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, in one aspect, there is provided a switching valve, mainly including: a valve body 1 and a valve core 2. The valve body 1 is provided with a valve chamber 101 penetrating in its length direction (as indicated by an arrow L in fig. 1) and a plurality of oil passages 102 penetrating the valve body 1 at intervals in its width direction (as indicated by an arrow M in fig. 1). Each oil passage 102 communicates with the valve chamber 101 and forms two opposite oil ports 103 on opposite sides of the valve body 1. The valve element 2 is rotatably disposed in the valve chamber 101, and is provided with through holes 201 in one-to-one correspondence with the oil passages 102 and a plurality of oil grooves 202 spirally disposed along the surface thereof and extending in the axial direction. The spool 2 has a first state in which the spool 2 rotates to the two ends of each through hole 201 to be respectively communicated with the two opposite oil ports 103, and a second state in which the spool 2 rotates to the two ends of each oil groove 202 and the spool 2 is respectively communicated with the two oil ports 103 of the different oil passages 102.

According to the embodiment of the utility model, only the valve core 2 needs to be rotated to a first state and a second state, wherein in the first state, the valve core 2 rotates to the first state, the two ends of each through hole 201 are respectively communicated with two opposite oil ports 103, in the second state, the valve core 2 rotates to the two ends of each oil groove 202, and the valve core 2 is respectively communicated with the two oil ports 103 of different oil channels 102, so that the complete switching of the connection of the pilot valve 7 at the oil ports 103 with the oil channels 102 can be realized, the operation space is small, the application range is wide, the operation is simple, and the use is convenient.

Specifically, the valve cavity 101 of the valve body 1 needs to be matched with the valve core 2, and the valve core 2 needs to be sealed in the valve cavity 101 to prevent leakage of hydraulic oil. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, since the valve element 2 needs to be rotated, the valve element 2 may alternatively be provided in a cylindrical shape, and the valve chamber 101 may be correspondingly provided in a hollow cylindrical hole. The two ends of the valve core 2 can be rotatably connected with the two ends of the valve cavity 101 through bearings respectively, and are sealed through sealing elements, and the sealing elements can be sealing gaskets, sealing rings and the like. The valve core 2 and the valve cavity 101 can be further connected in a conventional rotatable manner according to the needs, and the specific arrangement is just required according to the actual needs, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present utility model.

The oil groove 202 on the valve element 2 may have various arrangements according to embodiments of the present utility model.

Form one:

The plurality of oil grooves 202 includes at least one first oil groove 2021 and at least one second oil groove 2022, the first oil groove 2021 extends helically along a first direction, the second oil groove 2022 extends helically along a second direction, the first direction is a connecting line direction of circle centers of two oil ports 103 of diagonal angle, and the second direction is a connecting line direction of circle centers of two oil ports 103 of another diagonal angle. The first direction and the second direction are virtual directions, and the first direction and the second direction are arranged at an included angle.

In the second state, both ends of each first oil groove 2021 communicate with the two oil ports 103 in the first direction, respectively. Both ends of each second oil groove 2022 are respectively communicated with two oil ports 103 in the second direction. Through the first oil groove 2021 spirally extends along the first direction and the second oil groove 2022 spirally extends along the second direction, different oil ports 103 and oil channels 102 are connected with each other, different oil channels 102 and corresponding relations of the oil ports 103 are formed with the through holes 201, two connection modes of the oil ports 103 and the oil channels 102 are realized, and the structure is simple.

As illustrated in fig. 1 to 3, the valve body 1 is exemplarily provided with eight oil passages 102 spaced apart in the width direction thereof and penetrating the valve body 1. The eight oil passages 102 are all communicated with the valve cavity 101 and form four pairs of oil ports 103 which are opposite to each other on two opposite sides of the valve body 1. Four pairs of oil ports 103 are respectively an A port, an F port, a C port and an H port on one side, and an E port, a B port, a G port and a D port on the other side. The valve body 2 is provided with four through holes 201, two first oil grooves 2021 and two second oil grooves 2022. Both ends of each first oil groove 2021 are respectively communicated with two oil ports 103 in the first direction; both ends of each second oil groove 2022 are respectively communicated with the two oil ports 103 in the second direction, and a hydraulic schematic after the communication is shown in fig. 8.

In the first state, two ends of each through hole 201 are respectively communicated with two opposite oil ports 103, namely, an A port is communicated with an E port, an F port is communicated with a B port, a C port is communicated with a G port, and an H port is communicated with a D port. In the second state, two ends of each oil groove 202 are respectively communicated with two oil ports 103 of different oil channels 102, namely, an A port is communicated with a G port, an F port is communicated with a D port, a C port is communicated with an E port, and an H port is communicated with a B port.

It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, the valve body 1 may also be provided with six, ten, etc. oil passages 102 spaced apart along its width and extending through the valve body 1. And the oil port 103 and the valve core 2 are correspondingly arranged.

Form two:

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the plurality of oil grooves 202 includes a first oil groove 2021 and a plurality of second oil grooves 2022. In the second state, two ends of the first oil groove 2021 are respectively communicated with two oil ports 103 which are positioned at two ends of the valve body 1 and are diagonally opposite, so that communication between one pair of oil ports 103 and two oil channels 102 is realized. Two ends of the plurality of second oil grooves 2022 are respectively communicated with the two oil ports 103 which are adjacent to each other and are diagonally opposite, so that the communication between the other oil ports 103 and the oil duct 102 is realized, and the use is convenient.

Further, the first oil groove 2021 extends spirally along one side surface of the spool 2. The plurality of second oil grooves 2022 extend spirally along the other side surface of the spool 2 and are provided at intervals. The first oil groove 2021 and the second oil groove 2022 are respectively located at two sides of the valve core 2, and do not interfere with each other, so that the manufacturing is convenient.

Further, the plurality of oil channels 102 form two rows of linear oil channels 102 along the axial direction of the valve core 2, so that the processing is convenient. Both ends of each oil groove 202 are respectively provided with arc-shaped grooves, so that lubricating oil flowing in from the access oil passage 102 is facilitated, and lubricating oil flowing out from the oil groove 202 to the other oil passage 102 is facilitated. The circle centers of the circular arc grooves are respectively positioned on two straight lines, and the two straight lines are parallel to the axis of the valve core 2 and correspond to the arrangement of the oil channels 102, so that the plurality of oil grooves 202 are aligned with the plurality of oil channels 102 at the same time.

As illustrated in fig. 1 to 3, the valve body 1 is exemplarily provided with eight oil passages 102 spaced apart in the width direction thereof and penetrating the valve body 1. The eight oil passages 102 are all communicated with the valve cavity 101 and form four pairs of oil ports 103 which are opposite to each other on two opposite sides of the valve body 1. Four pairs of oil ports 103 are respectively an A port, an F port, a C port and an H port on one side, and an E port, a B port, a G port and a D port on the other side. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the valve body 2 is provided with four through holes 201, one first oil groove 2021, and three second oil grooves 2022. Both ends of the first oil groove 2021 are respectively communicated with two oil ports 103 which are positioned at both ends of the valve body 1 and are diagonally opposite. Two ends of the plurality of second oil grooves 2022 are respectively communicated with two oil ports 103 which are adjacent to each other and are diagonally opposite. The hydraulic schematic after communication is shown in fig. 7.

In the first state, two ends of each through hole 201 are respectively communicated with two opposite oil ports 103, namely, an A port is communicated with an E port, an F port is communicated with a B port, a C port is communicated with a G port, and an H port is communicated with a D port. In the second state, two ends of each oil groove 202 are respectively communicated with two oil ports 103 of different oil channels 102, namely, an A port is communicated with a B port, an F port is communicated with a G port, a C port is communicated with a D port, and an H port is communicated with an E port.

In one embodiment, the axis of each through hole 201 of the valve core 2 and the axis of the circular arc-shaped groove at one end of one oil groove 202 are located on the same cross section of the valve core 2, and the two axes are perpendicular to each other. After the valve body 1 is rotated 90 degrees, the axis of the through hole 201 may be rotated to the axis of the circular arc-shaped groove, or the axis of the circular arc-shaped groove may be rotated to the axis of the through hole 201.

In one embodiment, the switching valve further comprises an operating rod 3, and the operating rod 3 is fixedly connected with one end of the valve core 2 and is located outside the valve body 1. The valve core 2 is driven to rotate relative to the valve body 1 by controlling the operating rod 3, so that the valve is convenient to use.

The embodiment of the present utility model does not limit the manner of fixing the operation lever 3 to the valve element 2. Illustratively, the valve spool 2 extends at one end out of the valve chamber 101 and defines a first snap connection 203. As shown in fig. 6, one end of the operating rod 3 is provided with a second clamping interface 302 corresponding to the first clamping interface 203, and the operating rod 3 is fixedly connected with the valve core 2 through the clamping connection of the first clamping interface 203 and the second clamping interface 302, so that the operating rod is convenient to detach and maintain.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the side of the valve body 1 provided with the operating rod 3 is further provided with a first limit post 4 and a second limit post 5 which are arranged at intervals, and are used for limiting the rotation range of the operating rod 3 so as to enable the valve core 2 to switch between a first state and a second state. Through setting up first spacing post 4 and second spacing post 5, can restrict the action bars 3 between first state and second state, make action bars 3 only rotate in limited space and can accomplish the switching of different oil ducts 102 and hydraulic fluid ports 103, further reduced the operation space.

Specifically, the first limiting post 4 and the second limiting post 5 can be integrally arranged with the valve body 1, and two mounting holes can also be formed in the valve body 1, and the first limiting post 4 and the second limiting post 5 are respectively inserted into the two mounting holes. When the operating rod 3 rotates to the first limit post 4 or the second limit post 5, the operating rod is resisted by the first limit post 4 or the second limit post 5.

In one embodiment, the switching valve further comprises a stop lever 6. The limit rod 6 may be a limit pin, a link rod, or the like. The valve body 1 is provided with a first limiting hole 104 and a second limiting hole 105 on one side of the operating rod 3. As shown in fig. 6, the lever 3 is provided with a through hole 301. In the first state, the stopper rod 6 can pass through the through hole 301 and be inserted into the first stopper hole 104, and in the second state, the stopper rod 6 can pass through the through hole 301 and be inserted into the second stopper hole 105. One end of the limiting rod 6 far away from the valve body 1 is also provided with a handle, and the limiting rod 6 can be plugged and pulled by the handle, so that the valve is convenient to use.

In the first state, the limiting rod 6 can pass through the through hole 301 and be inserted into the first limiting hole 104, so that the operating rod 3 is fixed at the position where the first state is located, the valve core 2 is prevented from being influenced by external environment to rotate or the operating rod 3 is prevented from being mistakenly touched to drive the valve core 2 to rotate, dislocation of the through hole 201 and the oil duct 102 is avoided, and the working stability of the valve core 2 is improved. Similarly, in the second state, the stop lever 6 can pass through the through hole 301 and be inserted into the second stop hole 105, so that the operating lever 3 is fixed at the position where the second state is located, the dislocation of the oil groove 202 and the oil duct 102 is avoided, and the working stability of the valve core 2 is further improved.

The working process of the embodiment of the utility model is as follows:

Switching from the first state to the second state: the limiting rod 6 is moved out of the first limiting hole 104, then the operating rod is rotated clockwise for 90 degrees, the operating rod 3 is abutted on the second limiting post 5, and finally the limiting rod 6 is inserted into the second limiting hole 105.

Switching from the second state to the first state: the limiting rod 6 is moved out of the second limiting hole 105, then the operating rod is rotated anticlockwise for 90 degrees, the operating rod 3 is abutted on the first limiting post 4, and finally the limiting rod 6 is inserted into the first limiting hole 104.

According to an embodiment of the present utility model, in another aspect, as shown in fig. 9, there is also provided a hydraulic system including: at least one pair of pilot valves 7, at least one pair of control valves 8, at least one pair of actuators 9 and a switching valve.

Specifically, each pair of actuators 9 communicates with a pair of control valves 8, respectively. Each pair of pilot valves 7 is respectively communicated with a plurality of oil ports 103 on one side of the valve body 1, and each pair of control valves 8 is respectively communicated with a plurality of oil ports 103 on the other side of the valve body 1.

Specifically, the actuator 9 may select an oil cylinder, an engine, etc., and the actuator 9 may select an oil cylinder for convenience of use of the hydraulic system.

According to the hydraulic system provided by the embodiment of the utility model, at least one pair of pilot valves 7 and at least one pair of control valves 8 are respectively communicated with a plurality of oil ports 103 on two sides of the valve body 1, and different pilot valves 7 and different control valves 8 can be mutually communicated only by rotating the valve core 2, so that the pilot valves 7 are communicated with different execution mechanisms 9, the complete exchange of the functions of the pilot valves 7 is realized, the operation space for switching the functions of the pilot valves 7 is small, the use is convenient, and the application range is wide.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 9, the hydraulic system includes a pair of pilot valves 7, each pilot valve 7 being in communication with two oil ports 103 and being connected to a control valve 8 and an actuator 9. The hydraulic oil passing through one of the oil ports 103 is used for adjusting the extension of the actuator 9, and the hydraulic oil passing through the other oil port 103 is used for adjusting the contraction of the actuator 9. By rotating the spool 2 in the first state and the second state, respectively, the functions of the pair of pilot valves 7 can be completely interchanged.

According to yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present utility model, there is also provided a work machine including a switching valve or a hydraulic system. Because the working machine includes the switching valve or the hydraulic system, the same effect as the switching valve or the hydraulic system is achieved, and the complete exchange of the functions of at least one pair of pilot valves 7 can be achieved by rotating the operating lever 3, that is, the operation space of the switching valve can be reduced, the use is convenient, and the application range is wide.

Specifically, work machines include, but are not limited to, excavators, cranes, stake machines, mixers, and the like.

Although embodiments of the present utility model have been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, various modifications and variations may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A switching valve, comprising:

The valve comprises a valve body (1) provided with a valve cavity (101) penetrating through the valve body along the length direction and a plurality of oil channels (102) penetrating through the valve body (1) at intervals along the width direction; each oil passage (102) is communicated with the valve cavity (101) and is provided with two opposite oil ports (103) on two opposite sides of the valve body (1);

The valve core (2) is rotatably arranged in the valve cavity (101) and is provided with through holes (201) corresponding to the oil channels (102) one by one and a plurality of oil grooves (202) which are spirally arranged along the surface of the through holes and axially extend;

The valve core (2) is provided with a first state and a second state, the valve core (2) rotates to the first state, two ends of each through hole (201) are respectively communicated with the two opposite oil ports (103), the valve core (2) rotates to two ends of each oil groove (202), and the valve core (2) is respectively communicated with two oil ports (103) of different oil channels (102).

2. The switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of oil grooves (202) includes at least one first oil groove (2021) and at least one second oil groove (2022), the first oil groove (2021) spirally extends in a first direction, the second oil groove (2022) spirally extends in a second direction, the first direction is a connecting line direction of centers of two oil ports (103) of diagonally opposite corners, and the second direction is a connecting line direction of centers of two oil ports (103) of another diagonally opposite corners;

in the second state, two ends of each first oil groove (2021) are respectively communicated with two oil ports (103) in the first direction; both ends of each second oil groove (2022) are respectively communicated with the two oil ports (103) in the second direction.

3. The switching valve according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of oil grooves (202) includes a first oil groove (2021) and a plurality of second oil grooves (2022); in the second state, two ends of the first oil groove (2021) are respectively communicated with two oil ports (103) which are positioned at two ends of the valve body (1) and are diagonally opposite, and two ends of the plurality of second oil grooves (2022) are respectively communicated with two oil ports (103) which are adjacent to each other and diagonally opposite.

4. A switching valve according to claim 3, wherein the first oil groove (2021) extends spirally along a side surface of the spool (2); the plurality of second oil grooves (2022) extend spirally along the other side surface of the valve element (2) and are arranged at intervals.

5. The switching valve according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the oil passages (102) are formed in two rows along the axial direction of the valve element (2), both ends of each oil groove (202) are respectively provided with arc-shaped grooves, the centers of the arc-shaped grooves are respectively positioned on two straight lines, and both the straight lines are parallel to the axial line of the valve element (2).

6. The switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an operating lever (3), the operating lever (3) being fixedly connected to one end of the valve spool (2) and being located outside the valve body (1).

7. The switching valve according to claim 6, characterized in that a first limit post (4) and a second limit post (5) are provided at a distance from each other on the side of the valve body (1) where the operating lever (3) is provided, for limiting the rotation range of the operating lever (3) so that the valve element (2) is switched between the first state and the second state.

8. The switching valve according to claim 7, further comprising a limit lever (6), wherein a first limit hole (104) and a second limit hole (105) are further formed on the side, on which the valve body (1) is provided with the operation lever (3), and a through hole (301) is formed in the operation lever (3); in the first state, the limit rod (6) can pass through the through hole (301) and be inserted into the first limit hole (104), and in the second state, the limit rod (6) can pass through the through hole (301) and be inserted into the second limit hole (105).

9. A hydraulic system, comprising:

at least one pair of pilot valves (7);

At least one pair of control valves (8);

at least one pair of actuators (9) respectively communicating with a pair of the control valves (8);

The switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8, each pair of pilot valves (7) being in communication with a plurality of said oil ports (103) on one side of the valve body (1), respectively, and each pair of control valves (8) being in communication with a plurality of said oil ports (103) on the other side of the valve body (1), respectively.

10. A work machine comprising a switching valve according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or a hydraulic system according to claim 9.