CN221113607U - Thermal runaway monitoring device for vehicle power battery pack - Google Patents
Thermal runaway monitoring device for vehicle power battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN221113607U CN221113607U CN202323164191.9U CN202323164191U CN221113607U CN 221113607 U CN221113607 U CN 221113607U CN 202323164191 U CN202323164191 U CN 202323164191U CN 221113607 U CN221113607 U CN 221113607U
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- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- LAXBNTIAOJWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobiphenyl Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 LAXBNTIAOJWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a thermal runaway monitoring device for a vehicle power battery pack, belongs to the field of battery thermal runaway protection, and solves the problems of poor reliability, low sensitivity and low accuracy of the existing monitoring device. The intelligent monitoring system comprises a PCB (printed circuit board) packaged in a shell and a processor, a sensor module, a communication module, an alarm module and a power circuit integrated in the PCB; the shell is provided with a socket at the outer part and is connected with a vehicle main control system through a cable; one end of the power circuit is electrically connected with the socket, and the other end of the power circuit is connected with each module to supply power to the modules; the sensor module is electrically connected with the processor and comprises a CO sensor, a smoke sensor, an air pressure sensor, an infrared light sensor module and a temperature sensor; the alarm module is electrically connected with the first input/output port of the processor; the second input/output port of the processor is connected with one end of the communication module; the other end of the communication module is electrically connected with the socket and comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module. A more reliable monitoring device with high sensitivity and accuracy is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of battery thermal runaway protection, in particular to a vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device.
Background
In recent years, lithium batteries have been widely used in vehicles as their power sources due to superior energy storage and life, but the flammable and poorly thermally stable electrode materials and electrolytes contained inside are extremely prone to cause potential safety hazards, thermal runaway of the battery occurs when the batteries are light, and fire and even vehicle explosion occur when the batteries are heavy. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety of the battery pack and the vehicle, on the one hand, the materials and structures inside the battery need to be improved, and on the other hand, a sensitive, accurate, safe and reliable vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device needs to be configured for the battery pack.
Current vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring devices typically determine whether a battery pack is in a thermal runaway state by monitoring the concentration of CO or CO 2 gas, smoke particles, gas pressure, or battery temperature generated during thermal runaway of the battery.
However, there is still a need for improvement in existing monitoring devices, for example, for devices employing gas or smoke sensors, which require waiting for the battery pack to spill gas or smoke particle concentration to reach a threshold before the device will sound an alarm, resulting in poor sensitivity; for a device adopting a temperature sensor, the principle is that the battery state is judged based on the temperature of the batteries, but for a plurality of groups of batteries, the device cannot monitor the temperature of each battery, and the factors of the temperature rise of the batteries are various, so that the accuracy of the device for judging the battery state by the temperature is lower; and the communication between most monitoring devices and the vehicle main control system adopts a wired communication mode, various cables are increased along with the complexity of the device and the vehicle, the wired communication mode is easy to cause disorder on one hand, and the communication failure between the device and the vehicle is caused when the cables are damaged on the other hand. In addition, when the battery pack is out of control, inflammable substances are likely to start burning to generate flame, the flame is likely to generate before smoke, and the propagation speed of a flame light signal is far faster than the increase of the concentration of gas or smoke, so that most monitoring devices do not consider monitoring the flame light.
Disclosure of utility model
In view of the above analysis, the present utility model aims to provide a thermal runaway monitoring device for a vehicle power battery pack, which is used for solving the problems of low sensitivity and accuracy and poor reliability of the existing device.
The aim of the utility model is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
A vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device, comprising: the PCB 1 is encapsulated in the shell 4, and the processor, the sensor module, the communication module, the alarm module and the power circuit are integrated on the PCB 1; the outside of the shell is provided with a socket 2 for inserting one end of an external cable 3, and the other end of the cable is connected with a vehicle main control system; one end of the power circuit is electrically connected with the shell socket, and the other end of the power circuit is respectively connected with each module and is used for supplying power to each module; the sensor module is electrically connected with the processor, and comprises: a CO sensor, a smoke sensor module, a barometric sensor, an infrared sensor module, and a temperature sensor; the alarm module is electrically connected with the first input/output port of the processor; the second input/output port of the processor is connected with one end of the communication module, and the other end of the communication module is electrically connected with the shell socket 2, and the second input/output port of the processor comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module.
Specifically, the monitoring device 13 is installed on the inner wall of the battery compartment 11, and the distance between the installation position and the bottom surface of the battery compartment is greater than the height of the battery pack 12; or is arranged at one corner of the upper part in the battery compartment 11 through a connecting piece 14 and is positioned above the side of the battery pack 12; the battery pack 12 is placed in the battery compartment.
Further, the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell, and the PCB board is arranged on the lower shell and is positioned between the upper shell and the lower shell; the processor is a KF32A151MQT type singlechip.
Specifically, the wired communication module is connected with a second I/O port of the singlechip through a CAN bus, and the wireless communication module is a Bluetooth module.
Specifically, the smoke sensor is connected with a CAN port of the singlechip through a CAN bus; the smoke sensor is attached to the inner surface of the upper shell, and an air inlet 6 and an air outlet 5 are formed in a part of the shell attached to the smoke sensor.
Specifically, the infrared light sensor module includes: the infrared light sensor and the signal amplification circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the sensor, and the output end of the signal amplification circuit is electrically connected with the fourth I/O port of the singlechip.
Further, the infrared light sensor adopts a PbS infrared light sensor or a PbSe infrared light sensor.
Specifically, the temperature sensor is connected with a fifth I/O port of the singlechip through a TEM transmission line.
Specifically, the CO sensor is electrically connected with a third I/O port of the singlechip; the air pressure sensor is connected with an IC2 port of the processor through an I2C bus.
Further, holes for exposing the infrared light sensor, the CO sensor and the air pressure sensor are formed in the surface of the upper shell, and the shapes of the holes are matched with those of the sensors; the PCB board 1 is provided with a slot for plugging an infrared light sensor, a CO sensor and an air pressure sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. The infrared light sensor is adopted to monitor flame light in real time, and the characteristic that the transmission speed of an optical signal is far higher than that of gas and smoke particles is utilized, so that the early warning sensitivity of the device is improved;
2. The infrared light sensor, the CO sensor and the air pressure sensor are arranged on the PCB board in a plug-in mode, so that on one hand, when one sensor fails, the sensor can be detached and maintained at any time, the practicability of the device is improved, and on the other hand, when an application scene is replaced, the proper sensor can be replaced according to the requirement, and the application range of the device is improved;
3. The communication module with the wire and the wireless is adopted, so that the device can still realize communication with the vehicle main control system when the cable is damaged, and the communication reliability of the device is improved;
4. The device integrates multiple early warning modes of light, air pressure, gas and smoke, and improves early warning accuracy and reliability of the device.
In the utility model, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model. The objectives and other advantages of the utility model may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the utility model, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the internal hardware of the device of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the device of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the installation position of the device of the present utility model;
Reference numerals:
1-a PCB board; 2-socket; 3-an external cable; 4-a housing; 5-an air outlet; 6-air inlet; 7-an air pressure sensor; an 8-CO sensor; 9-an infrared sensor; 10-filtering net; 11-battery compartment; 12-battery pack; 13-monitoring means; 14-connecting piece; 15-an optical filter.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the utility model is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the utility model, are used to explain the principles of the utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, a thermal runaway monitoring device for a vehicle power battery pack is disclosed, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the PCB 1 is encapsulated in the shell 4, and the processor, the sensor module, the communication module, the alarm module and the power circuit are integrated on the PCB 1; the outside of the shell is provided with a socket 2 for inserting one end of an external cable 3, and the other end of the cable is connected with a vehicle main control system; one end of the power circuit is electrically connected with the shell socket, and the other end of the power circuit is respectively connected with each module and is used for supplying power to each module; as shown in fig. 2, the sensor module is electrically connected with the processor, and includes: a CO sensor, a smoke sensor module, a barometric sensor, an infrared sensor module, and a temperature sensor; the alarm module is electrically connected with a first input/output port of the processor; the second input/output port of the processor is connected with one end of the communication module; the other end of the communication module is electrically connected with the shell socket 2 and comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module.
In practice, the monitoring device 13 is arranged on the upper surface of the battery compartment 11 and above the battery pack 12; preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the battery pack 12 is mounted at an upper corner in the battery compartment 11 by a connecting member 14, above the side of the battery pack; the battery pack 12 is placed in the battery compartment 11.
Specifically, the casing includes last casing and lower casing, and the PCB board is installed on lower casing, is located between last casing and the lower casing.
Specifically, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an integrated hardware circuit on the PCB board 1 in the monitoring device, where the processor is a KF32a151 type single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in fig. 2, the wired communication module is connected with a CAN port of the singlechip through a CAN bus, the wireless communication module adopts a bluetooth module, the other end of the communication module is electrically connected with the device socket 2, and the communication between the processor and the vehicle main control system is realized through an external cable 3; the alarm module is electrically connected with the first I/O port of the singlechip.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other types of sensors, such as hydrogen sensors, CO 2 sensors, or VOC sensors, etc., may be added or replaced by the present device when the need for detection and application scenario changes.
Accordingly, the power supply circuit includes: each power supply sub-circuit of the CO sensor, the smoke sensor, the air pressure sensor, the infrared light sensor, the temperature sensor, the processor, the communication module and the alarm module; one end of the power circuit is electrically connected with the device socket and receives 24V of large-range voltage.
Specifically, the smoke sensor is used for collecting a smoke particle concentration signal, amplifying the smoke particle concentration signal and converting the signal into a voltage signal, and transmitting the voltage signal to a CAN port of the singlechip through a CAN line; the mounting position is shown in fig. 3, the smoke sensor is mounted on the left side of the PCB 1, the inner surface of the upper shell is attached to the smoke sensor, and the part of the shell attached to the smoke sensor is provided with an air inlet 6 and an air outlet 5; the fan in the smoke sensor and the air inlet 6 and the air outlet 5 of the upper shell act together to form negative pressure in the shell, and the filter screen 10 is arranged at the air inlet 6.
The power supply sub-circuit of the smoke sensor comprises a first LDO chip, a second LDO chip and a third LDO chip, wherein the first LDO chip is used for carrying out voltage reduction processing on the received large-range voltage, the input end of the first LDO chip receives 24V voltage, and the output end of the first LDO chip is connected with a power supply port of the smoke sensor to provide 12V voltage for the first LDO chip; illustratively, the first LDO chip may be a CJ78M12 linear regulator.
Specifically, the CO sensor 8 is configured to detect a change in gas concentration, output an electrical signal caused by the change in gas concentration, and transmit the electrical signal to a third I/O port of the singlechip; preferably, as shown in fig. 3, the CO sensor 8 is detachably mounted on the middle upper part of the PCB board 1, the upper housing has a hole for exposing the sensor and adapting to the shape of the sensor, and the CO sensor 8 is exposed in the air; illustratively, a slot is provided on the PCB board 1, and the sensor is mounted on the PCB board 1 by plugging.
As shown in fig. 2, the power supply subcircuit of the CO sensor comprises a second LDO chip, the input end of the second LDO chip receives 24V voltage, and the output end of the second LDO chip is connected with the power supply port of the CO sensor and inputs 5V voltage; illustratively, the second LDO chip may be an SCT2430 stem power supply buck chip.
Considering that the propagation speed of the flame light signal is far greater than that of the smoke particles, the device also comprises an infrared light sensor module.
Specifically, the infrared light sensor module includes: the infrared light sensor 9 and the signal amplifying circuit are very sensitive to the infrared wave band of flame, and the infrared light sensor 9 is used for detecting the infrared light signal sent by the flame, converting the infrared light signal into a voltage signal and outputting the voltage signal, and the signal amplifying circuit amplifies the voltage signal and then transmits the voltage signal to a fourth I/O port of the singlechip. The infrared light sensor 9 is exemplified by a PbS infrared light sensor, or a PbSe infrared light sensor; as shown in fig. 3, the infrared light sensor 9 is mounted on the right side of the PCB board 1 in a plug-in manner, and the upper housing has a hole for exposing the sensor and adapting to the shape of the sensor; further, the surface of the infrared light sensor is provided with a filter 15 for filtering light outside the infrared band.
Further, considering that the resistance of the photosensitive element in the infrared light sensor changes along with the temperature change, so that the deviation exists in the electric signal acquired by the infrared light sensor, the temperature sensor in the sensor module is used for monitoring the temperature in the battery compartment and transmitting the temperature information to a fifth I/O port of the singlechip through a TEM transmission line; based on the temperature information, the processor calculates a compensation coefficient of the infrared light signal by utilizing the influence of temperature on the resistance value of the photosensitive element in the sensor, compensates the voltage signal corresponding to the infrared light signal, and can be realized by adopting any existing infrared light sensor temperature compensation means.
Specifically, the air pressure sensor 7 is used for converting an air pressure signal in the battery compartment into a voltage signal, and transmitting the voltage signal to an IC2 port of the singlechip through the I2C bus; as shown in fig. 3, the air pressure sensor is mounted at the middle lower part of the PCB board 1 in a plug-in manner, the housing above the air pressure sensor has a hole for exposing the sensor and adapting to the shape of the sensor, and the air pressure sensor 7 is exposed in the air.
Specifically, the infrared light sensor, the temperature sensor, the air pressure sensor, the alarm module and the communication module all need 3.3V power supply voltage, therefore, the power supply subcircuit comprises a second LDO chip and a third LDO chip, the second LDO chip is used for carrying out two-time voltage reduction treatment on the received large-range voltage, the input end of the second LDO chip receives 24V voltage, the output end of the second LDO chip is connected with the input end of the third LDO chip, 5V voltage is input for the third LDO chip, and the output end of the third LDO chip is respectively connected with the power ports of the infrared light sensor, the temperature sensor, the air pressure sensor, the alarm module and the communication module and respectively inputs 3.3V voltage.
When the method is implemented, the processor selects a KF32A151 type singlechip, and the singlechip is internally preset with respective safety thresholds of smoke particle concentration, CO gas concentration, infrared light signal intensity and air pressure corresponding to the type of the sensor, so as to judge the state of the battery pack, and when judging that the battery pack has thermal runaway risk, the processor commands the alarm module to send an alarm and simultaneously sends a risk signal to the vehicle main control system through the communication module; the conditions of presetting the safety threshold and judging based on the safety threshold are all completed by the prior art. Preferably, to further improve the accuracy of the device, the discrimination conditions may be set as: whether the infrared light signal intensity exceeds a safety threshold value or not, if yes, judging that the battery pack is in a thermal runaway state, commanding the alarm module to send an alarm signal, and simultaneously transmitting a judging result to a vehicle main control system through the communication module; and if any two of the smoke particle concentration, the CO gas concentration and the air pressure exceed the respective safety threshold values, judging that the battery pack is in a thermal runaway state, commanding the alarm module to send an alarm signal, and simultaneously transmitting the judging result to the vehicle main control system through the communication module.
In summary, compared with the existing battery thermal runaway monitoring device, the utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1) The infrared light sensor is adopted to monitor flame light in real time, and the characteristic that the transmission speed of an optical signal is far higher than that of gas and smoke particles is utilized, so that the early warning sensitivity of the device is improved; 2) The infrared light sensor, the CO sensor and the air pressure sensor are arranged on the PCB board in a plug-in mode, so that on one hand, when one sensor fails, the sensor can be detached and maintained at any time, the practicability of the device is improved, and on the other hand, when an application scene is replaced, the proper sensor can be replaced according to the requirement, and the application range of the device is improved; 3) The communication module with wired and wireless is adopted, so that the device can still realize communication with a vehicle main control system when a cable is damaged, and the communication reliability of the device is improved; 4) The device integrates multiple early warning modes of light, air pressure, gas and smoke, and improves early warning accuracy and reliability of the device.
The present utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present utility model are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device, comprising: the device comprises a PCB (1) packaged in a shell (4), and a processor, a sensor module, a communication module, an alarm module and a power circuit which are integrated on the PCB (1); the outside of the shell is provided with a socket (2) for inserting one end of an external cable (3), and the other end of the cable is connected with a vehicle main control system; one end of the power circuit is electrically connected with the socket (2), and the other end of the power circuit is respectively connected with each module and is used for supplying power to each module;
The sensor module is electrically connected with the processor, and comprises: a CO sensor, a smoke sensor, a barometric sensor, an infrared light sensor module, and a temperature sensor;
The alarm module is electrically connected with a first input/output port of the processor;
the second input/output port of the processor is connected with one end of the communication module;
The other end of the communication module is electrically connected with the shell socket (2) and comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module.
2. The vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring device (13) is mounted on the inner wall of the battery compartment (11), and the distance between the mounting position and the bottom surface of the battery compartment (11) is greater than the height of the battery pack (12); or is arranged at one corner of the upper part in the battery compartment (11) through a connecting piece (14) and is positioned above the side of the battery pack (12); the battery pack (12) is placed in the battery compartment.
3. The vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the housing comprises an upper housing and a lower housing, the PCB board being mounted on the lower housing between the upper housing and the lower housing; the processor is a KF32A151 type singlechip.
4. The vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein the wired communication module is connected with the second I/O port of the single-chip microcomputer through a CAN bus, and the wireless communication module is a bluetooth module.
5. The vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device according to claim 3, wherein the smoke sensor is connected with a CAN port of the single-chip microcomputer through a CAN bus; the smoke sensor is attached to the inner surface of the upper shell, and an air inlet (6) and an air outlet (5) are formed in a part of the shell attached to the smoke sensor.
6. The vehicle power cell pack thermal runaway monitoring device of claim 3, wherein the infrared light sensor module comprises: the infrared light sensor and the signal amplification circuit is electrically connected with the output end of the sensor, and the output end of the signal amplification circuit is electrically connected with the fourth I/O port of the singlechip.
7. The vehicle power cell pack thermal runaway monitoring device of claim 6, wherein the infrared light sensor is a PbS infrared light sensor or a PbSe infrared light sensor.
8. The vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device of claim 7, wherein the temperature sensor is connected to a fifth I/O port of the single chip microcomputer via a TEM transmission line.
9. The vehicle power battery pack thermal runaway monitoring device of claim 3, wherein the CO sensor is electrically connected to a third I/O port of the single-chip microcomputer; the air pressure sensor is connected with an IC2 port of the processor through an I2C bus.
10. The device for monitoring thermal runaway of a vehicle power battery pack according to claim 3, wherein the surface of the upper housing is provided with holes for exposing the infrared light sensor, the CO sensor and the air pressure sensor, and the shape of the holes is adapted to the shape of the sensors; and a slot for plugging and unplugging an infrared light sensor, a CO sensor and an air pressure sensor is arranged on the PCB (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202323164191.9U CN221113607U (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Thermal runaway monitoring device for vehicle power battery pack |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202323164191.9U CN221113607U (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Thermal runaway monitoring device for vehicle power battery pack |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN221113607U true CN221113607U (en) | 2024-06-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202323164191.9U Active CN221113607U (en) | 2023-11-23 | 2023-11-23 | Thermal runaway monitoring device for vehicle power battery pack |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN221113607U (en) |
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- 2023-11-23 CN CN202323164191.9U patent/CN221113607U/en active Active
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